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1.
Peach fruit easily soften and have a short storage time at normal temperature. In this study, peach fruit （Prunus persica sieb et Zucc cv. Yingqing） were picked and stored at 25 and 4℃ to investigate the senescence in correlation with Ca^2＋- ATPase activity of microsomal membrane and lipid peroxidation during ripening and senescence. In comparison with that stored at 25~C, the fruit stored at 4℃ exhibited a higher flesh firmness, lower respiration rate, and generated the late bigger peak value of Ca^2＋-ATPase activity as well as maintained the higher activity of the enzyme. Meanwhile, the lower levels of super oxygen radical （O2^-.） production and content of malondialdehyde （MDA）, a product of membrane lipid peroxidation were observed. Sodium orthovanadate （SO） and erythrosin B （EB）, as Ca^2＋-ATPase inhibitors, could stimulate the respiration rate. The results suggested that the slower senescence rate of peach fruit was closely related to the higher peak value and longer duration of Ca^2＋-ATPase activity in microsomal membrane, with the slighter membrane lipid peroxidation and lower O2^-. production rate. 相似文献
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Changes of Reactive Oxygen Species and Related Enzymes in Mitochondrial Respiration During Storage of Harvested Peach Fruits 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Peach fruits [Prumus persica (L.) Batsch,cv.Yuhuasanhao] were used as materials to investigate the changes of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and related enzymes in mitochondria respiration during storage and then their influence on senescence of harvested Peach fruits was studied.The results showed that low temperature (50C) strongly inhibited the reduction of firmness and the increase in respiration rate.During storage at ambient temperature (200C),ROS had a cumulative process while malondialdehye (MDA) content continued to increase in associated with enhanced membrane lipid peroxidation.Lipoxygenase (LOX) activity was strongly inhibited under the low temperature condition.The activities of succinic dehydrogenase (SDH),cytochrome C oxidase (CCO),and Caz+-ATPase declined to a certain extent at ambient temperature,while they showed higher activities at low temperature,which may be related to lower membrane lipid peroxidation at low temperature.Higher Ca~(2+) content at ambient temperature may be responsible for impairment of mitochondrial function,thus,leading to fruit senescence.The results showed that under low temperature condition,the low accumulation of ROS and the low level of membrane lipid peroxidation could maintain the function of mitochondria that would help to delay the senescence of peach fruits.These suggested a close relationship existed between ROS metabolism and mitochondrial respiration.It can be inferred that the low temperature helps to delay senescence of peach fruits via suppression of ROS and related enzymes,maintain better homeostasis of Ca~(2+) in mitochondria and thus better mitochondrial functions. 相似文献
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Changes of Reactive Oxygen Species and Related Enzymes in Mitochondria Respiratory Metabolism During the Ripening of Peach Fruit 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
The fruits of peach cultivar Yuhua 3 were used as materials to investigate the changes of active oxygen and related enzymes in mitochondria respiratory metabolism during ripening of peach fruit, involving their influence on the proceeding of peach fruit senescence. The results showed that the large decrease in firmness occurred between maturity II and IV. The decrease in firmness coincided with an increase in respiratory intensity. Obvious peaks of respiratory intensity lagging to the rapid change of fruit firmness could be shown during peach ripening. Reactive oxygen species （ROS） had a cumulative process and positively correlated with respiratory intensity. During peach ripening, the content of Ca^2＋ increased, the activities of succinic dehydrogenase （SDH）, cytochrome C oxidase （CCO）, H＋-ATPase, and Ca^2＋-ATPase decreased varying in different degree at the later step of ripening. These suggested a close relationship existed between ROS metabolism and mitochondrial respiration, namely, both ROS metabolism and mitochondrial respiration probably played important roles in ripening and senescing of peach fruit. 相似文献
4.
The Maturation and Senescence in Relation to Ca2+ , CaM Content and Ca2+ -ATPase Activity and Active Oxygen Metabolism in Strawberry Fruits 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
GUAN Jun-feng GAO Min FAN Xiu-cai GU Cai-qin LI Guang-min ZHANG Ji-shu 《中国农业科学(英文版)》2002,1(10):1151-1155
The changes in content of Ca2 + and CaM, Ca2 + -ATPase activity and active oxygen metabolism during strawberry (Fragaria ananassa Duch. cv. Chunxing) fruits maturation and senescence were investigated in this study. The results showed that the soluble Ca2 + content and SOD activity in fruits tended to decline and O2.-production rate to increase, the Ca2+ -ATPase activity peaked at first and then declined during fruits maturation and senescence. There were the highest CaM content at white stage in preharvest fruits and at marked senescence stage in postharvest ones. The above biochemical changes in fruits stored at low temperature (4℃) were slower than those stored at normal temperature(25℃ ). Thus, it indicated that the stimulation of calcium messenger system and accumulation of active oxygen free radical were closely related to fruits maturation and senescence. 相似文献
5.
苹果梨果实衰老与膜脂过氧化作用的关系 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
以苹果梨为材料，研究了采后果实衰老与膜脂过氧化作用的关系．结果表明，苹果梨后熟衰老时，膜透性增大，丙二醛含量上升，好果率降低；“呼吸峰”和过氧化物酶(POD)活性第二次高峰的出现反映出果实的衰老；膜脂过氧化作用是苹果梨果实衰老的重要原因． 相似文献
6.
龙眼果实采后呼吸强度、细胞膜透性和品质的变化 总被引：14，自引：1，他引：14
研究了采后福眼龙眼果实在(20±0.5)和(4±0.5)℃温度下的呼吸强度、细胞膜透性和品质的变化.结果表明:龙眼果实属于非呼吸跃变型果实;在(20±0.5)℃下贮藏2d,果实呼吸强度下降,之后明显上升;果实采后果皮细胞膜透性快速增加,果实易失重、衰老、腐烂和果皮褐变,贮藏后期果肉自溶;果肉可滴定酸和VC含量快速下降,总糖和蔗糖含量下降,还原糖含量先升后降,可溶性固形物含量在贮藏前期下降而后期上升,可溶性固形物和可滴定酸比值先升后降;贮藏后期果肉可滴定酸含量增加.而(4±0.5)℃低温贮藏可显著降低果实呼吸强度,抑制病原菌生长,延缓果实衰老和果皮细胞膜透性增加,延迟果皮褐变,减少果实失重和果肉营养成分变化,抑制果肉自溶,保持果实较高的品质,延长果实贮藏期. 相似文献
7.
1-MCP对冬枣冷藏期间乙烯代谢及细胞膜脂过氧化作用的影响 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
[目的]探讨1-MCP对果实成熟衰老的调控机制,为控制果实成熟衰老进程提供理论依据。[方法]以冬枣为试材,以未经处理的冬枣为对照,测定在冷藏条件下不同浓度1-MCP处理后冬枣的呼吸强度、乙烯释放速率、MDA含量及ACS、ACO、SOD、CAT、POD等酶活性的变化。[结果]经测定,1-MCP在贮藏前期有效抑制了冬枣ACS活性,在贮藏后期有效抑制了冬枣ACO活性,处理果的呼吸强度和乙烯释放速率均低于对照,差异达到显著水平。同时,1-MCP处理有效地减少了MDA的积累,与对照比较,虽然1-MCP处理未改变SOD、CAT和POD的变化趋势,但却显著提高了它们的活性。[结论]1-MCP能有效降低非跃变型果实冬枣的膜脂过氧化水平、呼吸强度和乙烯释放速率,延缓果实衰老进程,并对乙烯的生物合成过程产生抑制。 相似文献
8.
为探讨1-甲基环丙烯(1-MCP)对梨果实采后成熟衰老过程中过氧化氢(H2O2)代谢的作用,试验以‘绿宝石’梨为材料,用1.0 μL/L 1-MCP密封处理24 h,空气密封为对照,研究1-MCP对‘绿宝石’梨室温(25±2)℃贮藏过程中果实硬度、可溶性同形物含量(SSC)、呼吸速率、H2O2含量、抗氧化酶活性[超氧化... 相似文献
9.
檀香橄榄果实在２、６、１０℃下进行贮藏试验．结果表明，低温可以抑制橄榄果实的呼吸作用，延缓呼吸高峰的出现，抑制过氧化物酶（ＰＯＤ）和过氧化氢酶（ＣＡＴ）活性，延缓果实的成熟衰老，抑制病原菌的生长．２、６℃低温下橄榄果实细胞电解质渗漏升高，当渗漏率达到５．００ｍｍｓ－１时（贮藏６０ｄ）果实遭受不可逆的冷害．１０℃贮温下的橄榄果实贮藏效果最好，贮藏６０ｄ，好果率仍保持１００％，失重率为１．９９％，肉质脆嫩，果皮、果肉、果核均未发生褐变，具有新鲜果实的原有风味、颜色和品质．建议在６－１０℃下进一步探讨橄榄果实的冷藏适温 相似文献
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11.
1-MCP对采后雪花梨衰老和品质的影响 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
以雪花梨果实为试材,研究了室温(25±2)℃条件下1-甲基环丙烯(1-MCP)处理对果实贮藏效果的影响.结果表明:1-MCP(500,1 000,1 500 nL/L)处理降低果实的呼吸速率和乙烯释放率,推迟乙烯生成高峰的出现.较高浓度的1-MCP(1 000,1 500 nL/L)处理明显保持较高的果肉硬度、可滴定酸和抗坏血酸含量及果皮叶绿素含量,延缓果肉可溶性糖和可溶性蛋白含量的增加,但对果肉膜透性的影响不显著;1-MCP(1 000,1 500 nL/L)处理还明显减少果实腐烂和果心褐变,降低果心中酚类含量和多酚氧化酶(PPO)活性,维持果心中较高的过氧化氢酶(CAT)、过氧化物酶(POD)和超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性.这表明1-MCP处理能保持果实在常温贮藏期间较好的品质,延缓果实的衰老. 相似文献
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13.
温度逆境交叉适应过程中葡萄幼苗质膜Ca2+-ATPase的细胞化学定位与活性变化 总被引：10，自引：0，他引：10
【目的】研究植物交叉适应现象及其生理生化机制。【方法】以京秀葡萄（Vitis vinifera L. cv. Jingxiu）为试材，研究了38℃/10 h的高温锻炼预处理和8℃/2.5 d的低温锻炼预处理分别对随后0℃低温和45℃高温胁迫期间葡萄叶片细胞质膜Ca2+-ATPase的影响。从生化水平测定了定位在质膜、液泡膜上的Ca2+-ATPase的活性，并用氯化铈沉淀的电镜细胞化学方法，定位观察了质膜Ca2+-ATPase的活性。【结果】高温锻炼预处理提高了微粒体膜上的Ca2+-ATPase酶的活性，并且在随后的低温胁迫条件下，保持了酶活性的稳定性；低温锻炼提高了微粒体在高温胁迫下的ATP酶活性。【结论】高温锻炼诱导的抗冷性和低温锻炼所诱导的耐热性的提高与微粒体膜上Ca2+-ATPase活性的变化有关，且高温锻炼和低温锻炼具有相同的调控机制。 相似文献
14.
NO处理延缓采后枇杷果实木质化劣变及其与能量代谢的关系 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
【目的】枇杷果实采后生命活动旺盛,衰老速度快,常温下极易变质腐烂。低温贮藏虽然可以有效延长贮藏期,减少腐烂,但会出现果皮难以剥离、果肉木质化并褐变、质地糙硬少汁等品质劣变现象,这是造成冷藏枇杷商品性丧失和损失的主要原因,已成为其市场拓展的限制因素,是当前枇杷果实在冷链集散和流通中急需解决的关键问题。探讨外源NO处理对冷藏枇杷果肉木质化劣变进程的作用机制,并分析木质化劣变与能量代谢的关系,以期为进一步研究采后枇杷果实低温品质劣变进程调控的分子生物学机理和贮运保鲜技术奠定基础。【方法】将‘解放钟’枇杷（Eriobotrya japonica Lindl.）果实在密闭容器中用0（对照组）、15和25 μL•L-1 NO熏蒸2 h后,取出通风20 min,然后将各处理果实置于5℃、相对湿度85%条件下贮藏,测定冷藏期间各处理组果实细胞膜透性、硬度、出汁率、木质素含量、ATP含量、ADP含量、AMP含量、能荷值及琥珀酸脱氢酶（SDH）、细胞色素氧化酶（CCO）、H+-ATPase和Ca2+-ATPase活性的变化,并分析NO处理后木质素含量与能荷值间的相关性。【结果】随着贮藏时间的延长,枇杷果实细胞膜透性和硬度逐渐上升,出汁率逐渐下降,贮藏10 d后木质素含量迅速上升,果实冷害症状明显。与对照组相比, NO处理能延缓细胞膜透性和硬度的上升及出汁率的降低,显著抑制木质素的合成,较好地保持细胞膜的完整性,从而减轻果实冷害的发生。冷藏期间,枇杷果实ATP含量逐渐下降,贮藏前10 d ADP含量迅速下降并最终维持在较低水平,贮藏中后期（15-30 d）SDH、CCO、H+-ATPase和Ca2+-ATPase活性急剧下降,表明线粒体功能受损导致枇杷果实能荷水平迅速下降。与对照组相比,NO处理可以延缓ATP、ADP含量的下降,且显著抑制贮藏中后期SDH、CCO、H+-ATPase和Ca2+-ATPase活性的降低,保持枇杷果实较好的线粒体功能;贮藏30 d后,15 和25 μL•L-1 NO处理的枇杷果实能荷值分别比对照组高11.8%和12.9%。相关性分析表明,15和25 μL•L-1 NO处理的枇杷果实能荷值和木质素含量呈极显著负相关,相关系数（r）分别为 -0.715**、-0.598**。【结论】低温条件下,能量代谢失调与枇杷果实木质化劣变密切相关,NO处理可以通过调节SDH、CCO、H+-ATPase、Ca2+-ATPase线粒体代谢相关酶活性,维持较高的能量水平,从而有效地提高冷藏枇杷果实抗低温的能力,进而延缓果实木质化进程,其中以25 μL•L-1 NO处理效果较好。 相似文献
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Changes in Enzymatic Activity and Quality Attributes of Late-mature Peaches in Response to Controlled Atmosphere Conditions 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Late-mature peaches (Prunus persica L. Batsch, cv. Dongxuemi ) were stored in air,modification atmosphere (MA) and controlled atmospheres (CA) at 1℃ to investigate enzymatic activities,flesh browning, quality attributes and fruit storability during storage periods. Peaches stored in CA conditions showed significant lower activities of polyphenol oxidase (PPO) and peroxidase (POD) compared to that kept in MA and in air during the early period of storage. CA treatments indicated a better result in maintaining fruit firmness, color and titratable acidity than MA and control treatments. But there was no significant difference in vitamin C and total soluble solids of peaches stored in CA, MA and air. Increasing PPO activity obviously stimulated flesh browning. Peach fruits stored in CA conditions showed a lower activity of POD and higher firmness in the early period of storage. The peaches stored in 5%CO2 + 5%O2 and 10%CO2 + 5%O2 for 92 days had a good quality without any off-flavor. The results indicated CA conditions obviously inhibited the enzymatic browning, delayed senescence and maintained quality of late-mature peaches. 相似文献
16.
垫江白柚贮藏生理及防止粒化方法研究 总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6
研究了冷激处理、药剂处理对垫江白柚果实生理代谢及相关酶活性的影响。结果显示：冷激可显著抑制柚果的呼吸强度,冷激和药剂处理均可有效降低无氧呼吸产物乙醇,膜脂过氧化产物丙二醛(MDA)的累积速率,另外可增加果皮POD酶活性,改变其酶活性变化趋势,使纤维素酶在贮藏中前期维持较低的水平,推迟粒化出现的时间,减轻发生的程度。 相似文献
17.
【目的】筛选适宜蟠桃物流的包装和蓄冷剂,找到最佳的包装组合应用到蟠桃保鲜中,为保持蟠桃物流品质提供参考。【方法】以英格尔蟠桃为试材,将其置于0℃下预冷18 h后,采用周转箱+冰袋(周袋)、周转箱+冰膜(周膜)、泡沫箱+冰袋(泡袋)和泡沫箱+冰膜(泡膜)以及对照组置于自然环境下贮藏24和48 h后,测定箱内温度、果实硬度、可溶性固形物、可滴定酸、腐烂率、丙二醛含量和蔗糖含量。【结果】蟠桃在贮藏24 h后货架期1~2 d试验中,周袋组处理的蟠桃果实能较好保持其货架期品质,降低腐烂率,延缓果实硬度降低,保持糖酸适中,口感较好,其余经过预冷处理的各组保鲜效果依次周膜组、泡袋组和泡膜组。蟠桃在贮藏48 h的实验中,各组的温度均在15℃以上,保鲜效果较好的组合与贮藏24 h的结果一致。【结论】周转箱保鲜效果优于泡沫箱;冰袋的保鲜效果优于冰膜,周袋组贮藏24 h蟠桃果实品质最佳。 相似文献
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研究了油[木奈]果实在室温、（8±1）℃和（3±1）℃贮藏温度下呼吸强度、乙烯生物合成、脂氧合酶活性、果实硬度和乙醇含量等变化特点．分析了它们与油[木奈]耐贮性的关系．并探求油[木奈]果实最佳冷藏温度,结果表明：在3个贮藏温度下,油[木奈]果实呼吸速率呈双峰型,而内源乙烯释放速率主要表现出单个大高峰,其与第2次呼吸跃变峰和ACC氧化酶活性高峰在发生时间上几乎具有同步性,而LOX活性峰与ACC含量积累峰具有协同性,并发生在乙烯和呼吸跃变前1周左右,可作为果实转向衰老和不耐贮藏前期的预兆;（3±1）℃比（8±1）℃下冷藏显著地抑制了各指标的变化．并推迟了呼吸、乙烯和LOX跃变期的到来,有效地延缓了果实后熟衰老进程,使油棒贮藏期延长到77d以上．并未发现果实褐变。因此,油[木奈]果实最适冷藏温度以（3±1）℃为佳。 相似文献
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采后鸭梨衰老与膜脂过氧化的关系 总被引：14，自引：0，他引：14
关军锋 《沈阳农业大学学报》1994,25(4):418-421
鸭梨采后衰老时，硬度下降，膜脂过氧化产物丙二醛含量增加，质膜透性增大．低温、钙处理可抑制果实的膜脂过氧化作用，降低质膜透性，延缓了果实衰老．果实过氧化氢酶活性变化幅度较大，其活性后期高于前期，且不同温度下变化曲线不同，果实硬度与丙二醛含量呈负相关．由此认为，膜脂过氧化作用是鸭梨衰老的一个重要因素． 相似文献
20.
程序升温对不同成熟度水蜜桃保鲜效果的影响 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
以七、八成熟"湖景蜜露"水蜜桃为试材,研究了程序升温处理和0℃低温贮藏条件下果实失重率、硬度、呼吸速率、可溶性固形物含量、可滴定酸含量、总糖含量、丙二醛含量和果肉色差L*值等品质指标的变化。结果表明:在没有造成细胞不可逆冷害损伤前,程序升温可以使七、八成熟果实正常后熟、软化,成熟度愈低呼吸高峰出现愈早;程序升温处理果实丙二醛含量低,总糖和维生素C含量均高于0℃下贮藏的果实;整个试验过程中,程序升温处理果实含有较高的总糖和维生素C,贮藏效果较好。 相似文献