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Japan and China have been two leading importers of wood products in the global market, and the trade pattern for China since 1993 has largely repeated that for Japan in the 1960s. In this study, the import demand of wood products in Japan and China between 1995 and 2013 by product type and source is assessed using the translog cost function and cointegration analysis. Wood products are classified into three main types by the degree of processing and transformation on wood fiber: roundwood, sawnwood, and wood-based panels. The own-price elasticities are overall inelastic, but they can become very elastic for some source-differentiated products (e.g., sawnwood import by Japan and roundwood import by China from the United States). Clear substitutability across product types and supplying sources is identified. Wood products with a different degree of processing or from different sources can be substituted with each other when they are used by wood-utilizing industries in the importing countries. The substitute relation will continue to present both opportunities for economic development and challenges for global environment protection. 相似文献
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基于嵌套Logit模型的中国出口人造板产品质量分析 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
不断提升产品质量是中国人造板行业面临的挑战。文中分别以美国、英国、加拿大、泰国和菲律宾5个中国人造板的主要出口对象国为基准国,基于其4位数HS编码的细分人造板数据,采用Khandewal嵌套Logit模型,测度中国出口人造板的产品质量。研究发现:中国出口人造板的产品质量呈现波动上升趋势,在2006—2010年出现大幅度下滑,其可能的主要原因是贸易政策调整;中国对美、英、加3个发达国家出口人造板的产品质量较为平稳,近年来对泰国和菲律宾2个发展中国家出口人造板的产品质量明显提升。 相似文献
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Analysis of trade in illegally harvested timber: Accounting for trade via third party countries 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
The paper presents a model to analyse trade in illegally harvested timber with a particular focus on trade via third party countries. The model is deduced from the conventional input–output-analysis. In contrast to this type of analysis, inverse export coefficients are introduced to analyse the effect of a certain amount of country-specific supply, e.g., of illegally harvested timber, to the use of wood and wood products of all other countries, based on trade relationships. A database has been compiled especially for application of the model. It comprises data on industrial round-wood production in terms of industrial wood harvested and removed from the forest; recovered wood fibre in the form of recovered paper and waste wood; bilateral trade of 272 wood-based commodities in m³ raw wood equivalent (rwe), and domestic use of those commodities. Two scenarios expressing high and low estimates of illegal harvesting for all countries have been employed in the model. The model reveals the trade linkages between all countries of the world and allows quantification of the global supply and use arising from illegal harvesting. Furthermore it allows calculation of the import of illegally harvested timber for each country of the world. And finally, the model likewise allows the quantification of domestic use of illegally harvested timber for each country of the world.The results show that international trade increases the global domestic supply of illegally harvested timber by more than 70% in each scenario. In particular industrial round-wood from Papua New Guinea, Malaysia, Indonesia and Myanmar passes through many countries until it ends in form of finished wood products in the country of final destination. Not only due to suggested illegally harvested timber in the own country, but also due to strongly developed trade relationships, China holds the lead in total supply and use of illegally harvested timber. However this result must be seen against the background of the large population in China. This aspect also helps to explain the predominant position of China, Brazil and Russia with regard to the domestic use of illegally harvested timber. A comparison of import of illegally harvested timber on the basis of “simple” (covering only bilateral trade) and inverse export coefficients demonstrates the model's merit. The hitherto usually simple approach underestimates the “real” trade by a third up to a half. 相似文献
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中美贸易摩擦是中美经济关系中的重要问题。2018年中美贸易摩擦爆发后,双边经贸关系曲折不断,木质林产品贸易面临极大考验。文中在梳理2015—2020年中美双边木质林产品贸易数据的基础上,分析贸易摩擦对双边木质林产品贸易的影响。结果显示,中美贸易摩擦对双边贸易规模具有较大影响,贸易总额、进口额和出口额均大幅下降;木家具和人造板等木质林产品贸易受到较大冲击,双方短期内均难以找到替代市场;中国从美国进口原木和锯材大幅下降,但中国木材供应和木材安全未受到威胁。未来,建议从增加国内木材供应、拓展替代市场、优化林业产业结构、建立国际国内双循环的林产品市场方面积极应对贸易摩擦。 相似文献
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森林认证对林产品贸易的影响 总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6
森林认证在森林经营政策方面扮演了一个重要的补充角色并对林产品贸易起到了极其重要的影响。在短短的10余年间,森林认证已得到许多国家政府和林业部门的关注和认可。森林认证工作在中国刚刚起步,我们应该让更多的人了解森林认证并推动该项工作的发展。本文分析了森林认证对世界林产品贸易的影响,包括认证进出口国的利益、贸易流向、企业竞争、以及人们对认证林产品的需求,论述了森林认证对中国林产品贸易的影响,提出了森林认证对中国森林经营和林产品贸易的影响是机遇与挑战并存。参8。 相似文献
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近年来,我国出口产品结构优化加快,涉及领域日益广泛,其中木制品作为出口市场的重要组成部分,贸易额逐年提升,国际贸易市场范围进一步拓宽,在美国、欧盟等市场影响力快速提升。近几年来,受中美贸易摩擦影响,我国木制品贸易受到一定的冲击,贸易额出现波动。基于此,从维护我国木制品贸易安全角度出发,分析当前贸易现状,针对性地提出相关应对策略,为妥善处理各种问题和挑战提供借鉴。 相似文献
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我国已成为世界家具制造第一大国,对日韩等国家的竹木家具出口一直占据较大的比重,这代表着我国的竹木家具产品从设计到质量都具有较高品质。随着经济发展,日韩竹木家具的进出口规模也在悄然发生变化。简述了竹木家具进出口贸易定位与分类,从社会环境、市场环境、市场空间、市场产业链等四个发面,对日韩竹木家具进出口市场进行分析,在此基础上,分析了中国竹木家具对日韩市场的外贸适应力。 相似文献
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世界桉树芳香油生产与市场供求趋势研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
可以作为芳香油生产原料的桉树有20多种。中国、葡萄牙、西班牙、南非和巴西等国是桉树芳香油的主要生产国家,每年总产量大约3000吨,产品主要销往法国、美国、西德、英国和日本等国。医药型芳香油价格稳定,工业用油和香料型芳香油的价格呈下降趋势。中国产品出口数量和价格对国际市场具有决定性影响。 相似文献
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中美林产品贸易特点及发展趋势 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
通过对中美两国林产工业的资源、市场、产业特征及大宗林产品的海关统计数据分析,指出中美林产品贸易具有很强的互补性,我国将继续保持中低端最终林产品的价格竞争力,但出口增速将放缓或下降。同时,我国将继续增加美国初加工林产品的进口,中美林产品的贸易顺差将逐步缩小。并对中美林产品贸易的健康发展提出建议。 相似文献
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《Forest Policy and Economics》2003,5(3):297-304
Patterns in forest products trade between European Union and Central and Eastern European access candidates were studied. The results indicated that both production and trade of forest products in Central and Eastern European countries in transition have considerably increased during the 1990s. The European Union has been the most important trading partner for CEE countries, even though the EU share from the external trade has been quite stable. The gravity models estimated explained approximately 66% of the variation in volume of bilateral trade flows in EU and CEE countries in 1997. Results indicated that trade between EU and CEE countries was below the level that would be expected on the basis of income and distance. A model separating the trade flows according to direction suggested that this is due to the low intensity of West–East trade, which probably originates in low levels of consumption of higher value-added products in CEE countries. East–West trade did not significantly differ from the average pattern. 相似文献
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文中首先整理2018—2019年美国对华加征关税的各轮产品清单及相关加征关税税率,检验美国对华实际关税税率变化对于中国各省（区、市）林产品出口表现的影响,包括上述关税变动冲击所产生的贸易阻碍和贸易偏转效应。研究发现:1）在美国对华加征关税清单公布和生效后,短期内美国对华实际关税税率的上升阻碍了中国林产品对美出口贸易,但中方恢复较快;2）美国对华实际关税税率的上升引发了中国林产品对其他主要贸易伙伴出口偏转规模的显著增加;3）上述贸易偏转效应显著存在于我国东部和中部地区。据此,建议我国政府部门与行业协会加强信息传递与风险预警能力,注重开发替代市场以保障林产品出口安全,并充分利用“双循环”发展机遇,加快实现林产品的国内产业生产转移及销售拓展。 相似文献
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中国与“一带一路”国家木质家具贸易现状及趋势 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
鉴于地理距离和区域消费习惯对家具贸易影响程度较大,文中按照地理位置差异将“一带一路”地区分为6大板块,利用世界贸易中心（ITC）数据库2013—2017年中国与“一带一路”国家木质家具贸易数据进行分析发现:中国与“一带一路”国家木质家具贸易总额不断增长,贸易顺差较大,进出口市场分布不均,出口产品种类相对集中,进口产品较分散;为提高我国木质家具在“一带一路”国家的竞争力提出如下建议:制定战略规划以支撑国家“一带一路”倡议,优化产品设计以满足差异化需求,依托大型基础建设项目推进木质家具生产与销售,以高科技赋能家具产业和产品,重视木质家具产品的设计保护,加强政府政策引导。 相似文献
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在我国"走出去"与"引进来"战略推动下,我国木材产业的发展持续加快,进出口贸易水平显著提升。中美贸易争端的不断升级,给我国木材进出口带来了一定的压力与挑战。阐述了中美贸易争端基本现状,分析了我国木材进出口贸易企业所受到的影响,在此基础上提出了相关应对策略,这对于我国木材企业更好地融入国际市场,提升市场竞争力具有重要意义。 相似文献
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中国木质家具出口贸易影响因素分析 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
引力模型已被广泛应用于国际贸易研究领域, 用来衡量经济规模和距离对双边贸易流量和流向的影响。应用引力模型, 以2005—2006年中国主要的30个木质家具出口国为研究对象, 来分析经济规模、地理距离对中国木质家具出口的影响。在此基础上对各国的木质家具贸易潜力进行测算并与实际值比较, 从而提出促进中国木质家具出口的建议。 相似文献
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The commercial harvest of herbal medicine to meet the growing urban demand has become an environmentally destructive activity in many countries. Non-sustainable harvesting not only threatens the survival of medicinal plant species, but also the people that depend on them. In Suriname, the urbanization of Maroons has created a lively trade in medicinal plants, but little is known on the ecological effects of this trade. To find out whether this commercial harvest was a destructive activity, we carried out a market survey and followed commercial extractors into the forest to look for signs of overharvesting. We analyzed our results from three perspectives: the market, the harvesters and the post-harvest survival of the particular plants. Of the 249 commercial species, less than half was harvested exclusively from the wild. Most extraction took place in secondary forest or man-made vegetation close to the capital. Leaves were the main product. Apart from a few primary forest-based species (e.g., Begonia glabra), we found little evidence for declining resources. Maroons were actively cultivating and managing wild plants. Our three-way analysis enabled us to distinguish between species without sustainability problems (abundant, domesticated, cultivated, limited market value, disturbance species or surviving harvest) and species with conservation priorities. This study illustrates that the increased commercialization of medicinal plants due to urbanization does not invariably lead to declining resources and species loss. With its low population density and market dominated by disturbance species, Suriname offers good possibilities for sustainable medicinal plant extraction. 相似文献
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预测2010年东北、内蒙古地区木材的供需状况。到2010年区域木材供给量为4808.50万m^3,其中区域木材产量占58%,从俄罗斯进口的木材占42%。木材的需求量为6475.81万m^3,供需缺口达1 667万m^3。不考虑区域外的需求及国外的需求,东北、内蒙古地区的木材供给还是能够满足本地区经济建设需求的。木材供需的缺口对本地区木材需求不会造成太大的影响,但却对其他地区对木材的需求将产生重要影响。对于东北、内蒙古地区而言,俄罗斯远东地区是理想的木材供应基地,应规范企业的对俄木材贸易,将这一地区开发成可持续的木材供应市场。 相似文献
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“自贸区”的建设和发展,为我国经济的快速发展和转型升级,提拱了强大助力。上海自贸区的成功试运行,海南自贸区的正式启动,国内很多地区都开始了自贸区的规划、申报,这为我国木材加工企业如何转型升级提供了机遇。概述了“自贸区”市场定位,并以满洲里为例,分析了自贸区政策对木材加工企业的积极影响,为促进我国“自贸区”发展和木材加工企业转型升级提供参考。 相似文献