共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 187 毫秒
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刘云国 《中南林业科技大学学报(自然科学版)》1996,(2)
通过对广州市员村工业区２０个监测点的大气监测资料及天河区环境监测站１９８９年～１９９４年连续６ａ大气监测资料，运用模糊数学进行环境现状及回顾评价，采用统计方法进行方差分析，并用灰色系统理论建立污染物时空分布模型，找出污染物分布规律，获得员村地区环境现状及发展趋势的基本资料．同时在对员村植被与绿化现状调查研究基础上，依据环境生态及生态园林理论和国家一级大气环境质量标准，组建高效的自然净化系统． 相似文献
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《绿色中国(A版)》2014,(5):6-6
要建立统一监管所有污染物排放的环境保护管理制度，对工业点源、农业面源、交通移动源等全部污染源排放的所有污染物，对大气、土壤、地表水、地下水和海洋等所有纳污介质，加强统一监管、 相似文献
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我国城市大气污染的主要“祸首”是机动车排放的尾气，而高排放车排放的污染物可达到正常车的10倍以上。在我国，20％～40％的高排放车“贡献”了大气中80％污染物。因此，为针对性的重点治理高排放车尾气，是削减大气污染物的最有效办法。清华大学大气污染与控制研究所所长自主研发出新型机动车尾气检测技术——简易瞬态工况检测法。专家认为，这是最先进的检测技术，对汽车尾气检测准确率超过95％。该技术既能检测出汽车排放污染物总量，又能实现网络实时监测，无人工操作，完全智能化，从而有效控制和改善我国城市空气污染严重状况。 相似文献
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植物生活在大气污染的环境中,不仅表现出对大气污染物有抵抗的本领,而且对大气污染物有吸收、转化、积累的性能。这就减低了大气中二氧化硫的浓度,在客观上起到净化大气的作用。因此在城市和工矿区以及道路两旁大力进行造林绿化,对保护和改善环境具有积极的意义。但不同植物种类或品种对大气污染物的抵抗力及吸收、转化、积累的能力是有很大差别的,因此通过试验和测定来比较绿化树木在这方面的差异,对于提高绿化效果、促进大气净化是一项很有实际意义的工作。在大气污染物质中,二氧化硫是当前最主要的一种。它大量来自工矿企业、交通运 相似文献
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植物对室内空气污染物的净化能力研究进展 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
目前室内空气污染是人们最关注的重要环境问题，与化学和物理净化的方法相比，植物净化室内空气污染物具有其独特的优势，本文综述了3种主要室内空气污染物特征、危害；并对植物的净化研究发展进行了简要分析，提出了一些室内空气污染物植物净化研究的建议。 相似文献
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Conifer needles exposed to ambient air pollutants were observed by a scanning electron microscope (SEM). Predominant changes on needles were the breakdown and the aggregation of wax structures on stomatal chambers. However, the mode of destruction in stomatal wax structures was dependent on the pollutants. Ginkgo biloba seemed to be resistant to air pollutants despite higher amounts of sulfur in the foliage. 相似文献
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《Scandinavian Journal of Forest Research》2012,27(1-4):498-509
The effect of air pollutants on conifers was studied throughout the year near industrial point‐sources using two types of half‐open chambers for excluding wet or dry deposition around selected trees. Results indicate that pollutant uptake from dry deposition and wash‐off effect by rain have overriding influence in the internal accumulation of pollutants by needles. The exclusion of wet deposition substantially enhanced pollutant accumulation in the needles and suggests that wet deposition itself has a minor direct effect on accumulation near point‐sources. Near the fertilizer plant the trees growing in filtered air exhibited fewer visible symptoms and had lower accumulations of fluoride. This suggests that decreasing the gaseous air pollutants would improve the condition of conifers at this site. Results suggest also that besides high needle pollutant content, winter conditions are needed to facilitate visible injury development. 相似文献
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指出了室内环境质量的优劣直接影响人们的身体健康,总结分析了室内空气污染物的主要来源,介绍了几种室内主要的空气污染物对人体健康的危害,并提出了一些防治室内空气污染的对策与建议。 相似文献
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William H. Smith 《Forest Ecology and Management》1984,9(3):193-219
Evaluations of ecosystem health are substantially different from evaluations of individual plant health. The significance of regional air pollutants, e.g. ozone, acid deposition and trace metals, must be evaluated in terms of ecosystem health. All ecosystems have common components organized in structural patterns and united by functional processes. The most important ecosystem components impacted by regional air pollutants include the producers and decomposes. These influences can alter the processes of energy flow (production) and biogeochemical cycling. This alteration, in turn, can change the production of biomass and/or the pattern of succession of the ecosystem. Forest ecosystem interaction with three air pollutants is reviewed to illustrate ecosystem pathology. 相似文献
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分析了2019年肇庆市六项主要大气污染物浓度、AQI达标率、不同污染级别、首要污染物占比等月度变化情况.结果表明:肇庆市冬春季主要以PM2.5或NO2作为首要污染物,除臭氧外的各项污染物浓度也相对较高;夏秋季首要污染物主要以臭氧为主,臭氧浓度也相对较高.4～7月份的AQI达标率较高,8～11月份超标率相对较高,且臭氧月... 相似文献
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Algirdas Augustaitis Ingrida Augustaitienė Almantas Kliučius Gintaras Pivoras Dalia Šopauskienė Raselė Girgždienė 《European Journal of Forest Research》2010,129(3):431-441
The multiple-stressor effects of air pollution, nutrient and water availability are the key issues of present forest ecosystem
research. However, too little is known about the seasonal effect of pollutants on tree crown defoliation and their interaction
with changes in climate. Therefore, data on seasonal variation in air pollution, including surface ozone, deposition of acidifying
compounds and meteorological conditions, were tested against pine defoliation to identify the periods when the effect of the
considered contaminants is most pronounced. The findings of the study revealed that a higher level of air concentrations of
acidifying pollutants and their deposition was observed during the dormant period, with the exception of only ΣNH4+ air concentrations and their monthly deposition. An increase in precipitation over the vegetation period and mean monthly
temperature from September to December, as well as a decrease in temperature and precipitation over the remaining months of
the dormant period represented the climate change condition over the 14-year period in the observed region. Detected changes
in the considered parameters during the dormant period were found to be most significant to changes in pine crown defoliation.
Therefore, we concluded that climate changes, if they occur by the detected scenarios, should mitigate the negative effect
of air pollutants and acid deposition on pine crown condition. 相似文献
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Atmospheric particulate matter(PM2.5) seriously influences air quality. It is considered one of the main environmental triggers for lung and heart diseases. Air pollutants can be adsorbed by forest. In this study we investigated the effect of forest cover on urban PM2.5 concentrations in 12 cities in Heilongjiang Province,China. The forest cover in each city was constant throughout the study period. The average daily concentration of PM2.5 in 12 cities was below 75 lg/m^3 during the non-heating period but exceeded this level during heating period. Furthermore, there were more moderate pollution days in six cities. This indicated that forests had the ability to reduce the concentration of PM2.5 but the main cause of air pollution was excessive human interference and artificial heating in winter. We classified the 12 cities according to the average PM2.5 concentrations. The relationship between PM2.5 concentrations and forest cover was obtained by integrating forest cover, land area,heated areas and number of vehicles in cities. Finally,considering the complexity of PM2.5 formation and based on the theory of random forestry, we selected six cities and analyzed their meteorological and air pollutant data. The main factors affecting PM2.5 concentrations were PM10,NO_2, CO and SO_2 in air pollutants while meteorological factors were secondary. 相似文献
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