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四川省示范推广水稻免耕抛秧的经验及成效 总被引：9，自引：0，他引：9
本文简述了近年四川水稻生产上重点推广的四种免耕抛秧技术模式;分析了不同抛秧育秧方式免耕抛栽的经济效益;介绍了示范推广水稻免耕抛秧技术的主要经验及成效。 相似文献
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水稻免耕抛秧栽培是一种新型栽培技术 ,于２０世纪４０年代提出 ,７０年代我国的部分地区已大面积推广应用。根据前茬作物的不同水稻免耕抛秧栽培又可细分为油菜茬、空闲田和花草田免耕抛秧栽培。从产量表现、劳力投入、效益结果来看 ,水稻免耕栽培表现较强优势 ,是水稻软盘抛秧轻型栽培的再深入 ,是水稻耕作上的再变革 ,节本增效 ,推广价值大、前景广。２０００年以来 ,安徽省广德县植保站开展了油菜茬、空闲田、花草田的免耕抛秧和直播大田试验示范 ,现将试验总绍如下。一、不同类型免耕抛秧技术的关键步骤处理免耕的关键在于除草 ,如处理… 相似文献
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水稻免耕抛秧技术跨越式发展原因分析与思考 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
从2001年早稻开始在广西进行水稻免耕抛秧技术试验示范工作,短短几年该技术就出现了跨越式发展,从2001年的1 280hm2、2002年2.11万hm2,到2003年的23.96万hm2、2004年37.68万hm2,占全国示范推广面积的60%以上,2005年达到56.34万hm2,2006年达到87.0万hm2。就其快速发展的原因进行了剖析,认为出现跨越式发展关键在于技术本身的优越性、农民的积极参与、政府的正确引导以及农技人员的桥梁作用。同时,针对当前免耕抛秧技术推广工作中存在的问题,提出了进一步加快该技术的持续发展,必须抓好免耕抛秧与提高水稻综合生产能力、与推广生态高效养殖技术、与稻草还田和冬种绿肥还田技术、与直播稻技术、与物化技术推广、与试验研究相结合的“免耕发展六结合”。 相似文献
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福建省水稻主要轻简栽培技术集成 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
对比南方推广的主要水稻轻简技术的优劣性,结合相关试验、示范情况,集成适合福建的再生稻高产栽培技术、免耕抛秧技术、有耕直播技术等水稻轻简栽培主推技术,并提出发展建议。 相似文献
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杂交水稻免耕抛秧栽培技术 ,是在翻耕抛秧栽培的基础上 ,将免耕和抛秧结合起来进行组装配套的最新栽培技术。免耕抛秧改“翻耕晒垡 ,大水泡田 ,耙平耙绒、浅水抛秧”为“板田免耕、化学除草、泼施底肥、均匀抛秧、湿润灌水” ,不打乱土层 ,不破坏结构 ,从而保持了水稻生长的自然生态环境 ,通过湿润灌溉创造了“以水调温、以水调肥、以水调气”的水肥气热因子协调良好的水稻生长环境 ,使水稻早生快发 ,增穗、增粒、增重 ,从而达到增产的目的。免耕抛秧栽培技术的推广 ,进一步把农民从繁重的体力劳动中解放出来 ,大大缓解了畜力机械耕田、生产… 相似文献
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介绍了水稻免耕高产栽培技术,包括直播前准备,播种、水稻免耕育秧技术、合理密植、苗期管理,水分管理、施肥、病虫防治、适时收获等方面的内容。为推广水稻免耕高产栽培技术提供参考。 相似文献
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水稻免耕直播超省力栽培技术 总被引：12，自引：1，他引：11
１９９３年以来 ,我市列题进行了水稻半旱畦式免耕直播耕作法综合配套技术及对土壤性状影响的试验、研究、并逐步进行示范和推广应用。２０００年全市推广水稻免耕直播面积达６７００ｈｍ２,其中约１／３面积采用超省力栽培技术。该技术具有省工省力、改善土壤性状、增产增效明显的特点。现将此项技术简介如下 :一、水稻免耕直播超省力栽培的方式①开沟作畦 ,碎土平整 ,播后盖籽。此法适用于前茬无畦的田块 ,如冬闲田。由于开沟作畦用工量大 ,可用拖拉机在冬季旋耕开沟 ,使翻起的土块充分风化 ,次年粗平后直播早稻。②利用前茬畦面 ,上水至… 相似文献
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Alpha Bocar Baldé Eric ScopelFrançois Affholder Marc Corbeels Fernando Antonio Macena Da SilvaJosé Humberto Valadares Xavier Jacques Wery 《Field Crops Research》2011,124(2):240-251
In the context of conservation agriculture on small scale farms of the Brazilian Cerrado, we hypothesized that planting a cover crop in relay with a commercial crop improves the efficiency of use of available natural resources, increasing biomass for use as fodder without reducing the grain yield of the main crop. The objective of this study was to measure the performance of two intercropped systems in terms of total above-ground biomass production and maize (Zea mays) grain yield: pigeon pea (Cajanus cajan) and Brachiaria (Brachiaria ruziziensis) sown as cover crops in established maize under a no-tillage management. The cover crops were sown at two different dates and a comparison was made with the three crops sown as a sole crop at the early sowing date. The experiment was conducted during the 2007-2008 and 2008-2009 growing seasons. Maize grain yield was not reduced by the presence of the relay cover crops in comparison with maize as the sole crop, even when the cover crop was sown soon after maize emergence. In contrast, the production of above-ground biomass by the cover crop was significantly lower when grown with maize than it was when grown as a sole crop. In the intercropped systems, when sown early, the cover crop produced higher total biomass than when sown late. Total above-ground biomass production of maize intercropped with a cover crop was much higher than that of any of the crops sown alone: the total biomass (average of the two growing seasons) produced by maize and pigeon pea was more than double that of maize grown alone. The land equivalent ratio (LER) of maize grain yield and biomass production was higher than one whatever the intercropped system used. It was particularly high when maize was intercropped with early sown pigeon pea; grain yield LER and biomass LER reaching, respectively, 1.72 and 1.73 in 2007-2008 and 2.02 and 2.03 in 2008-2009. These high LER values provide evidence for the complementary and the high efficiency of use of available resources by the intercropped plants and thus the advantage of such systems to produce both maize grain and cover crop forage under the conditions of our study. 相似文献
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马铃薯稻草覆盖免耕丰产配套栽培技术试验 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
以马铃薯新品种泉引1号为试材,进行了稻草覆盖厚度免耕栽培和稻草覆盖免耕栽培不同密度栽培试验.结果表明,在试验栽培条件下,穴深5 cm,播种后覆土加稻草覆盖3 cm,适宜种植密度为种植3 500株/667 m2.既提早熟期,增加产量和商品率,义有节本增收的作用,值得大面积推广应用. 相似文献
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A 10-year field experiment was conducted to determine the effect of no-tillage (NT) on soil organic carbon (SOC) and nitrogen (N) in an irrigated rice-based cropping system. The results showed that concentrations of SOC, soil total N (STN), and soil organic N (SON) were higher at 0–5 cm depth but lower at 5–10 cm depth under NT than conventional tillage (CT), while at 10–20 cm depth the differences were not significant. Consequently, stocks of SOC, STN, and SON under NT were higher at 0–5 cm depth but lower at 5–10 cm depth than those under CT. However, no significant differences were observed in stocks of SOC, STN, and SON at 0–20 cm depth between NT and CT, indicating that the lower st ocks of SOC, STN, and SON at 5–10 cm depth could offset the greater stocks of them at 0–5 cm depth under NT. In addition, there were no significant differences in soil inorganic N concentration and soil C:N ratio between NT and CT at all the three depths. Our study suggests that (1) NT farming does not necessarily store SOC and N more than CT soils for the upper soil layer and (2) converting from CT to NT farming may not cause a significant change in soil N mineralization in the irrigated rice-based cropping systems. 相似文献
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棉田免耕套栽油菜施肥效果及肥料适宜用量研究 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
在棉田免耕套栽条件下,研究了油菜氮磷钾（NPK）肥施用效果及肥料适宜用量。结果表明,合理施用氮磷钾肥促进了油菜的营养生长和生殖生长,从而显著提高了油菜的产量和经济效益,N、P、K三要素增产效果依次为：N＞P＞K。通过对肥料效应模型的筛选,得出在试验条件下,油菜氮（N）、磷（P2O5）、钾（K2O）的适宜推荐用量分别为205kg/hm2、76kg/hm2、35kg/hm2。 相似文献