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1.
模拟酸雨条件下海泡石对污染红壤镉、铅淋溶的影响 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
采用填充土柱淋溶试验研究不同pH值模拟酸雨和海泡石添加量对重金属污染红壤Cd、Pb淋溶的影响.结果表明,Cd在酸雨pH值较低时累积淋溶量较大,Pb的累积淋溶量随酸雨pH值的降低逐渐增加,pH值为3.5处理的Pb总累积淋溶量显著高于其他pH值处理(高出54.9％).与对照相比,模拟酸雨pH值为3.5时,添加5 g/kg和10 g/kg海泡石处理Cd的总累积淋溶量明显增加(分别增加24.6％和26.3％),而Pb的总累积淋溶量分别显著降低34.7％和25.7％;酸雨pH值为4.5时,添加5 g/kg和10g/kg海泡石处理降低了Cd的累积淋溶量(分别降低13.0％和1.4％),而Pb的淋溶量随海泡石添加量的增加而降低,10 g/kg海泡石处理的Pb总累积淋溶量显著下降17.6％;pH值为5.5和6.5时,海泡石处理Cd累积淋溶量均有所下降,而对Pb的淋溶无显著降低效果.酸雨酸性强度的增大增加了Cd、Pb的淋溶风险,且Pb比Cd敏感.添加海泡石可有效减少酸雨对土壤中Pb的淋溶,但其对Cd淋溶的影响受酸雨酸性强度的影响. 相似文献
2.
红壤中铝、锰和铁在酸雨作用下的释放特征 总被引：11，自引：2，他引：11
酸雨作用下红壤中Al、Mn和Fe的释放大多具有阶段性特征,旦土壤不同,其阶段性特征存在明显的差异。多数情况下同一土壤中Al和Fe的阶段性释放特征较为相似。3种元素累积释放量(Q)随淋溶量(H)的变化符合二次模型:Q=A B1H B2H2。经过9150～10650mm的酸雨淋溶以后,与对照(pH5.6)相比,pH4.5的酸雨使Al累积释放量增加8.16%～87.49%,Mn增加-4.29%～24.75%,Fe增加5.78%～86.03%;pH3.5的酸雨使Al累积释放量增加68.59%～158.60%,Mn增加26.11%～205.53%,Fe增加8.48%～138.88%。3种元素对酸雨的敏感性依次是:Al>Fe>Mn。其累积释放量在不同土壤之间表现出基本一致的特点:Al和Mn的释放量较为接近,且远远大于Fe的释放量。 相似文献
3.
模拟酸雨作用下红壤中稀土元素的释放水平大小依次为Pr＞Ce＞Nd＞Tb＞Sm＞La＞Er＞Ho＞Gd＞Dy＞Eu＞Y＞Lu≈Yb,轻稀土元素的释放水平要高于重稀土元素.酸雨对稀土元素的释放有明显的促进作用,且不同元素的CAR1/CCK、CR2/CCK比较接近(CAR1、CAR2和CCK分别表示pH4.5的酸雨、pH3.5的酸雨和对照3种情况下淋出液中稀土元素的含量).CAR1/CCK介于1.43～1.93之间,平均为1.61;CAR2/CCK介于1.76～2.27之间,平均为2.06,经过9 150～10 650 mm的模拟酸雨淋溶以后,pH4.5的酸雨使稀土总累积释放量平均提高37.61%,pH3.5的酸雨使稀土总累积释放量平均提高78.05%.稀土总释放量与Fe、Mn的释放量相关分析表明:多数红壤稀土总释放量与Fe、Mn的释放量呈显著或极显著性相关.初步推断红壤中的稀土释放可能是由于吸附载体Fe-Mn氧化物因H 的输入而解离所致. 相似文献
4.
《农业环境与发展》2021,(4)
为了探究不同用量污泥长期施用后对土壤-萝卜系统中重金属及土壤养分含量的影响,采用长期定位试验,研究连续10年单施化肥(CK)以及施用不同用量(4.5、9、13.5、18 t·hm~(-2))污泥对土壤、萝卜叶(地上部)和萝卜(地下部)中重金属(Pb、Cd、Cr、Ni、Cu、Zn)累积情况及土壤pH、有机质及氮磷钾含量的影响。结果表明:连续施用10年后,单施化肥和不同用量污泥处理对萝卜产量影响不大,土壤、萝卜叶和萝卜中的Pb、Cd、Cr、Ni、Cu和Zn含量均随污泥施用量的增加而增加,且中高量和高量污泥处理中重金属的累积量较大,显著或极显著高于对照、低量和中量处理。中量以上污泥处理土壤的Pb、Cr、Ni和Cu超出了土壤环境质量国家标准;除高量污泥处理Pb超标外,其他处理萝卜的各重金属含量均未超过食品安全国家标准。与CK处理相比,长期施用不同用量污泥能提高土壤pH 0.58～0.71个单位,并显著或极显著地提高有机质、全量氮磷以及速效氮磷含量。研究表明,连续10年施用不同用量污泥,土壤和萝卜中Pb、Cd、Cr、Ni、Cu、Zn的含量随污泥用量的增加而增加,其中Pb、Ni、Cr和Cu出现超标现象,萝卜中的重金属含量除高量污泥处理中Pb超标外,其他处理均未超过食品安全国家标准。随着作物产地土壤中污泥施用年限增长或用量增加,食品安全应得到更多的重视。 相似文献
5.
不同腐殖酸组分对湖泊沉积物中重金属释放的影响 总被引：2，自引：2，他引：2
腐殖酸作为湖泊沉积物中有机质的主要成分．对重金属具有强烈的富集能力，从而影响湖泊沉积物中重金属向水中的释放。本文深入探讨了腐殖酸的不同组分对沉积物中Cu、Zn、Pb、Cd向水中释放的影响。结果表明：腐殖酸的添加使沉积物中重金属的释放置明显受到影响。Cu、Zn、Pb、CA4种重金属随着胡敏酸和富里酸的添加．释放量逐渐增加，并且两种腐殖酸的用量越大．重金属的释放量越大。向沉积物中加入同等量的胡敏酸、富里酸，两种腐殖酸对重金属释放的促进作用胡敏酸〉富里酸。向沉积物中加入不同用量的富里酸FA，沉积物中Cu、Zn、Pb、Cd的释放率分别为73％～80％，18．5％～22％，7．5％～10％．97％～99％；而在相同条件下，向沉积物中加入不同用量的胡敏酸HA，对以上4种重金属的释放率分别为66．5％～72％，15．5％～19．5％．6％～8．5％，96％～98．5％。在腐殖酸用量相同的情况下，溶液的pH对沉积物中重金属的释放也会产生影响。即随着pH值上升．释放量逐渐减少。当pH=8时，释放量基本上已不再发生变化，说明此时沉积物中的重金属基本上与腐殖酸的羧基反应完毕。 相似文献
6.
杭州市城市土壤重金属的潜在可淋洗性研究 总被引：23，自引：0，他引：23
研究了杭州市城市土壤 8个重金属元素 (Cd、Co、Cr、Cu、Ni、Pb、Zn、Mn)的含量、形态和潜在可淋洗性。结果表明 ,该城市土壤中Cd、Cr、Cu、Ni、Pb、Zn和Mn均有明显的积累 ,其中Cd、Co、Cr和Ni主要以稳定的残余态为主 ,而Cu、Pb、Zn和Mn则以可提取态为主 ,因此在强还原、强酸性或有利于有机质分解条件下Cu、Pb、Zn、Mn的释放潜力较高。用荷兰能源研究中心的淋洗方法 (pH4 0 )测试表明 ,该市城市土壤的重金属可淋洗性较低 ,在一般条件下该城市土壤重金属不会有较大的释放 ,这与该城市土壤中酸可提取态重金属比例较低并含有较高的有机质及粘粒含量有关 相似文献
7.
通过对渭北黄土高原苹果园217个样点0～40cm土层土壤取样分析,采用地统计学和GIS相结合的方法,研究了苹果园土壤中Hg、Cd、Pb、As、Cr、Cu6种重金属的含量及其积累状况、空间结构及其分布特征,并根据绿色食品产地环境质量标准对苹果园土壤环境质量进行了评价。结果显示,渭北苹果园土壤中6种重金属已出现一定程度的累积,其累积程度依次为：Hg〉Pb〉Cd〉As〉Cu〉Cr。各采样点Hg、Cd含量变异程度较大,变异系数在50%以上;而Pb、As、Cr、Cu各采样点含量差异较小,变异系数为19.10%～23.70%。6种重金属均表现为较强的空间相关性,其空间变异性主要由成土母质、气候、地形等结构性因素控制。其中随机因素对Cd的空间变异的影响程度相对较大,一定程度上消弱了结构性因素对Cd空间变异的主导作用,而Pb、Cr、Cu空间变异受随机因素的影响较弱,随机性因素对各重金属空间变异的影响程度依次为：Cd〉As〉Hg〉Pb〉Cr〉Cu。重金属积累的单项评价指数均小于1,综合评价指数小于0.7,果园土壤环境质量完全满足绿色食品产地环境质量的要求,其中As的累积对绿色食品苹果生产可能有较大的潜在影响,应加以有效控制以防止其持续累积。 相似文献
8.
通过盆栽实验,从动态角度研究了在不同培养期内,Pb、Cu、Cd和Cr4种重金属在茶树中的累积规律。结果表明,茶树不同部位对4种重金属的累积量存在很大差异,重金属的分布顺序为根〉茎〉叶;4种重金属大部分被茶树根系固定,在其体内的迁移性较低,在茶叶中积累的顺序为：Cr〉Cu〉Cd〉Pb。茶叶中重金属累积量和重金属添加量、培养时间都存在显著的正相关关系。4种重金属元素中,Cr的累积速率常数最大,Cd最小。茶树对重金属的吸收与土壤pH值和土壤有效态重金属含量显著相关。本研究可为人们科学认识茶叶中重金属的残留问题、健康风险及其污染控制提供理论依据。 相似文献
9.
污染紫色土重金属的淋溶特征及释放动力学研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
通过室内土柱试验,探讨雨水作用下紫色土中Cu、Pb和Cd等重金属元素的淋溶和释放特征。结果表明,在淋溶量为6 000 ml的模拟降雨作用下,淋溶量2 000 ml内是紫色土中重金属快速释放时期,在这个期间,淋溶液内重金属浓度较高,释放速度不断减小,是快速释放过程,对环境及地下水威胁较大;2 000ml后,淋溶液内重金属浓度很低,累计释放量变化不大。整个淋溶过程中,3种重金属释放率的顺序为：Cd〉Cu〉Pb。模拟降雨条件下污染紫色土重金属的释放过程可用修正的Elovich方程和双常数方程进行拟合,且Elovich方程拟合的效果更好。 相似文献
10.
酸雨地区蔬菜对重金属的吸收及重金属健康风险基准的估算 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
通过盆栽实验,以小白菜(上海青)、大白菜和萝卜为指示作物,研究了酸雨作用下Cu,Zn,Pb,Cd,Cr和Ni复合污染物在土壤-作物系统中的吸收与富集情况。结果表明,酸雨-重金属复合污染处理使Cu,Pb,Cr和Ni在蔬菜中积累量明显高于对照处理;Zn和Cd一般只有在复合污染处理中外源Zn或Cd含量较高时才明显高于对照处理。与对照相比,酸雨-重金属复合污染处理使Pb和Ni的富集系数增大,Cu的富集系数多数情况下增大,Cd的富集系数多数情况下减小,Zn和Cr富集系数的变化在不同蔬菜之间存在较明显的差异;重金属在不同蔬菜中的富集系数一般表现为萝卜>上海青>大白菜,蔬菜中不同重金属富集系数一般表现为Zn>Cd>Ni>Cu>Pb>Cr。酸雨-重金属复合污染条件下蔬菜中重金属积累量与其在土壤中总量之间的相关性均达到显著或极显著水平。以大宗蔬菜上海青、大白菜和萝卜为指示作物对酸雨地区蔬菜地中重金属的健康风险基准进行了估算,这对开展酸雨地区土壤重金属环境容量评价、重金属污染修复目标及地方性土壤环境质量标准的制订提供了参考依据。 相似文献
11.
【目的】以富士（Fuji）、 秦冠（Qinguan）嫁接在平邑甜茶（Malus hupehensis Rehd.）上的当年生盆栽苗为试验材料,采用砂培方法,研究了缺氮胁迫和干旱对富士和秦冠生长情况、 光合参数、 植株各部位氮磷钾含量及氮素利用效率的影响,分析比较了低氮干旱条件下富士和秦冠生长及氮素利用的差异,以期为果树生产高效肥水利用提供理论指导。【方法】试验共设四个处理: 正常氮正常水（ZZ）、 低氮正常水（DZ）、 正常氮干旱（ZG）、 低氮干旱（DG）。氮素和水分均设置两个水平,分别为正常氮（6 mmol/L NO-3-N）、 低氮（0.3 mmol/LNO-3-N）、 正常供水（保持盆中砂子相对含水量为饱和含水量的80%~85%）、 干旱处理（保持盆中砂子相对含水量为饱和含水量的60%~65%）。【结果】富士和秦冠的生物量（茎和叶）、 株高茎粗等生长指标以及光合速率、 气孔导度、 蒸腾速率均为正常氮正常水（ZZ）＞低氮正常水（DZ）＞正常氮干旱（ZG）＞低氮干旱（DG）,并且相对应处理下秦冠的以上指标均高于富士;正常供水下,缺氮处理使富士、 秦冠的根冠比比正常氮处理均有所增加,富士提高了2.05%,秦冠提高了22.40%。富士和秦冠的氮、 磷、 钾含量均表现出正常氮正常水（ZZ）＞低氮正常水（DZ）＞正常氮干旱（ZG）＞低氮干旱（DG）; 氮、 钾元素含量在植株各部位的分布顺序依次是叶＞根＞茎,磷元素则是根＞叶＞茎;光合氮素利用效率（PNUE）和氮素利用效率表现为秦冠处理之间差异极显著,富士处理之间差异不显著;秦冠的PNUE和NUE明显高于富士,在低氮正常水（DZ）处理下,秦冠氮肥利用率比富士高42.07%,在低氮干旱（DG）处理下高64.14%;低氮胁迫下富士和秦冠的NUE显著提高,并且秦冠提高的幅度高于富士。【结论】施用氮肥能够显著提高富士与秦冠的干物质量,同等水肥条件下,秦冠生长优于富士;水分亏缺会减少叶片对氮的吸收,干旱条件下适度增施氮肥,可提高果树的抗旱能力;低氮干旱胁迫下秦冠的生长指标、 光合指标及氮素利用效率指标均优于富士,表现出较强的抗低氮干旱胁迫的能力。 相似文献
12.
Kyle Devey Michael Mucalo Gordon Rajendram Joseph Lane 《Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis》2015,46(4):72-80
Laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) is a new technique for the analysis of plant material. This study investigates the application of LIBS to pasture-based plant samples. The LIBS measurements were obtained from pelletized pasture samples (100 samples) that had been also analyzed by inductively coupled plasma–optical emission spectroscopy (ICP-OES) following microwave digestion for calibration and comparison purposes. Comparisons for elements sodium (Na), potassium (K), magnesium (Mg), calcium (Ca), manganese (Mn), iron (Fe), copper (Cu), zinc (Zn), boron (B), phosphorus (P), and sulfur (S) showed that LIBS could be used for almost all the standard profile total elements with concentrations down to low mg/kg levels (observed error of Na: 0.024 percent, K: 0.18 percent, Mg: 0.016 percent, Ca: 0.073 percent, P: 0.017 percent, Mn: 31 mg/kg, Fe: 150 mg/kg, Zn: 6.6 mg/kg, and B: 1.1 mg/kg). Elemental analysis at less than mg/kg levels was not possible using LIBS. The elements S and Cu were particularly difficult to analyze with reliability using LIBS at the concentration levels found in the plant samples. Replacing microwave digestion and subsequent ICP analysis with a direct analysis of dried plant samples using LIBS has the potential to improve the productivity and reduce the cost of testing. 相似文献
13.
《中国生态农业学报》2014,(8)
正The Center for Agricultural Resources Research(CARR),the Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology(IGDB),Chinese Academy of Sciences,invites applicants for several research group leader positions.CARR is one of the research organizations in Chinese Academy of Sciences(CAS).We seek nominations and applications from individuals who have expertise and a record of accomplishment in research areas related to ecology,agro-hydrology, 相似文献
14.
Aleš Lebeda Ivana Doležalová Eva Křístková Barbora Mieslerová 《Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution》2001,48(2):153-164
Staff members of the Department of Botany of Palacký University in Olomouc and Gene Bank Department – Workplace Olomouc, Research Institute of Crop Production in Prague, Czech Republic, conducted an expedition in seven European countries (Austria, Czech Republic, France, Germany, Italy, the Netherlands, Switzerland) in August/September 1999 to collect wild Lactuca spp. germplasm and study its geographic distribution, ecology and biodiversity. During the mission, more than 600 locations were visited resulting in the collection of 602 seed samples (accessions) of wild Lactuca species and 13 seed samples of related genera (Chondrilla and Mycelis). Lactuca serriola f. serriola, L. serriola f. integrifolia, L. saligna and L. viminea subsp. chondrilliflora were prevalent in southern Europe (Italy, France), however, only L. serriola was common in central and western Europe (Austria, Czech Republic, Germany, Netherlands, Switzerland). The greatest diversity of Lactuca species was found in France, where also the most seed samples (165) were collected. The most characteristic habitats with a high density of Lactuca spp. populations were observed along roads and highways, grassy ditches, ruderal communities, and dust-heaps. Natural infections by powdery mildew (Erysiphe cichoracearum) and downy mildew (Bremia lactucae) on some wild Lactuca spp. were observed. Recent observations concerning the geographic distribution, population structure, habitats, and natural occurrence of diseases of Lactuca spp. are discussed. This assemblage of genetic resources of Lactuca spp. can serve as the basis of future studies of species diversification, spatial population structure, plant microevolution, domestication processes, and genetic variability of host-parasite interactions. 相似文献
15.
M.A. Callaham Jr. J.M. BlairT.C. Todd D.J. KitchenM.R. Whiles 《Soil biology & biochemistry》2003,35(8):1079-1093
The responses of tallgrass prairie plant communities and ecosystem processes to fire and grazing are well characterized. However, responses of invertebrate consumer groups, and particularly soil-dwelling organisms, to these disturbances are not well known. At Konza Prairie Biological Station, we sampled soil macroinvertebrates in 1994 and 1999 as part of a long-term experiment designed to examine the effects and interactions of annual fire, mowing, and fertilization (N and P) on prairie soil communities and processes. For nearly all taxa, in both years, responses were characterized by significant treatment interactions, but some general patterns were evident. Introduced European earthworms (Aporrectodea spp. and Octolasion spp.) were most abundant in plots where fire was excluded, and the proportion of the total earthworm community consisting of introduced earthworms was greater in unburned, unmowed, and fertilized plots. Nymphs of two Cicada genera were collected (Cicadetta spp. and Tibicen spp.). Cicadetta nymphs were more abundant in burned plots, but mowing reduced their abundance. Tibicen nymphs were collected almost exclusively from unburned plots. Treatment effects on herbivorous beetle larvae (Scarabaeidae, Elateridae, and Curculionidae) were variable, but nutrient additions (N or P) usually resulted in greater densities, whereas mowing usually resulted in lower densities. Our results suggest that departures from historical disturbance regimes (i.e. frequent fire and grazing) may render soils more susceptible to increased numbers of European earthworms, and that interactions between fire, aboveground biomass removal, and vegetation responses affect the structure and composition of invertebrate communities in tallgrass prairie soils. 相似文献
16.
Thomas Larsen Jesper Luxhøi Jakob Magid Lars Stoumann Jensen Paul Henning Krogh 《Biology and Fertility of Soils》2007,44(1):59-68
We have studied the effect of anaerobically digested (ADMSW) and composted municipal solid waste (CMSW) on mineralization
and foodweb dynamics to verify the hypothesis that ADMSW would immobilize N right after addition to soil in contrast to addition
with CMSW. Another hypothesis was that the mesofauna (enchytraeids and microarthropods) would stimulate N release from the
decomposer community. We measured excretion of -N and urea-N from the mesofauna and hypothesized that enchytraeids would release urea. ADMSW and CMSW were amended to pots
with sandy loam and barley. The pots were divided into treatments with or without mesofauna. Mesofauna, plant N and biomass,
soil N and ergosterol (fungal biomass) were measured over a 113-day period of four equidistant samplings. Soil respiration,
N mineralization and N release by the mesofauna were modelled from concurrent studies. ADMSW- and CMSW-treated soils initially
(<20 days) immobilized N. The amendments did not increase plant growth substantially, and this was probably due to N-limitation
in the early stages of plant growth. Enchytraeid abundance was about three times higher in ADMSW- than CMSW-treated soils,
indicating that ADMSW contained more labile compounds, bacteria, and microfauna. The mesofauna did not affect N-content, but
the cumulated -N excreted by the mesofauna was estimated to be substantial and about one-fifth of total plant N in ADMSW. An explanation
for this discrepancy might be that in the absence of the mesofauna, other members of the detrivore and microbivore community
performed the mesofauna’s function. Neither enchytraeids nor microarthropods excreted urea. 相似文献
17.
《中国生态农业学报》2014,(7)
正The Center for Agricultural Resources Research(CARR),the Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology(IGDB),Chinese Academy of Sciences,invites applicants for several research group leader positions.CARR is one of the research organizations in Chinese Academy of Sciences(CAS).We seek nominations and applications from individuals who have expertise and a record of accomplishment in research areas related to ecology,agro-hydrology, 相似文献
18.
《中国生态农业学报》2014,(6)
正The Center for Agricultural Resources Research(CARR),the Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology(IGDB),Chinese Academy of Sciences,invites applicants for several research group leader positions.CARR is one of the research organizations in Chinese Academy of Sciences(CAS).We seek nominations and applications from individuals who have expertise and a record of accomplishment in research areas related to ecology,agro-hydrology, 相似文献
19.
Grete Skrede Berit Karoline Martinsen Anne-Berit Wold Stein-Erik Birkeland Kjersti Aaby 《Acta Agriculturae Scandinavica, Section B - Plant Soil Science》2013,63(3):193-208
Abstract A 3-year study was carried out to investigate quality parameters in 14 tree fruit and berry species grown in southern Norway. The species were blueberry, apple, aronia, sour cherry, sweet cherry, red raspberry, strawberry, blackcurrant, gooseberry, red currant and elderberry, harvested along with wild bilberry, cloudberry and lingonberry. Significant differences between species were identified for all quality parameters. The coefficient of variation between species was lowest for pH (12.5%), dry matter (18.9%) and soluble solids (25.3%), followed by titratable acids (59.3%), total phenolics (83.8%), antioxidant capacity FRAP (85.7%) and antiradical power by the DPPH-assay (97.8%), total monomeric anthocyanins (132%) and ascorbic acid (137%). Average coefficient of variation within species were lower and ranged from 4 (pH) to 62% (ascorbic acid). Only the FRAP values were significantly affected by harvesting year with lower levels in 2004 than in 2005 and 2006. There were significant interactions between species and harvesting year for dry matter, soluble solids, pH, ascorbic acid and FRAP. The results indicate generic ranges in composition within species independent upon growing location and climate, and the composition of the tree fruits and berries is not likely to deviate from these ranges. It is concluded that desirable composition of tree fruits and berries and their products should primarily be achieved by selection among species rather than searching fors broadened variation within individual species. 相似文献
20.
《Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis》2012,43(7):865-877
Potassium (K) fixation and release in soil are important factors in the long-term sustainability of a cropping system. Changes in K concentration and characteristics of K fixation and release in rhizosphere and nonrhizosphere soils in the rapeseed (Brassica napus L.)–rice (Oryza sativa L.) rotation were investigated using a rhizobox system. The concentrations of different forms of K in both rhizosphere and nonrhizosphere soils decreased with plants compared to without plants, regardless of K fertilizer application. Potassium uptake by crops mainly came from the rhizosphere soil. In the treatment without K fertilizer (–K), the main form of K supplied by the soil to the crops was 1.0 mol L?1 nitric acid (HNO3) nonextractable K, followed by nonexchangeable K, and then exchangeable K. In the treatment with K fertilizer (+K), the main K forms supplied by the soil to the crops were exchangeable K and nonexchangeable K. The amount and rate of K fixation after one cycle of the rapeseed–rice rotation was greater in rhizosphere soil than in nonrhizosphere soil. The amount and rate of K fixation of soil in the +K treatment were significantly less than in the –K treatment. The cumulative amounts of K released with 1.0 mol L?1 ammonium acetate (NH4OAc) and 1.0 mol L?1 HNO3 extraction increased with the increasing numbers of extractions, but the K-releasing power of soil by successive extraction decreased gradually and finally became almost constant. The release of K was less in rhizosphere soil than in nonrhizosphere soil. The release of K in the +K treatment was similar to that in the –K treatment in rhizosphere soil, but the K release in nonrhizosphere soil was greater with the +K than the –K treatment. Overall, the information obtained in this study will be helpful in formulating more precise K fertilizer recommendations for certain soils. 相似文献