共查询到19条相似文献，搜索用时 171 毫秒
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圈养东北虎尾部采血训练 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
《当代畜牧》2020,(4)
南京某动物园通过正强化行为训练,引导动物在完全放松的状态下主动配合医疗人员完成检查,并成功对1只圈养东北虎完成尾部采血。科学的行为训练可以增加动物与饲养人员之间的信任,减少日常饲养管理中动物因环境改变和人为干扰产生的应激反应,避免了麻醉或物理保定对动物造成的伤害,提高了动物福利。 相似文献
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2011 ～2012年,依照大熊猫的特殊习性和能力设计训练项目,采取食物鼓励的正强化训练方法,配以口令和手势等指令持续对广州动物园保育的2只圈养大熊猫进行医疗管理训练,相继完成了站、坐、趴、卧等基础动作训练,并在此基础上完成了串笼、体尺体重测量、体温测量、肌肉注射、腕部采血、口腔及牙齿检查等训练项目.大熊猫的医疗管理训练的实施,减少了日常管理中动物对环境改变和人类干扰的应激反应,增加了人与动物的安全;以往需要麻醉动物才能进行的肌肉注射、采血、口腔及牙齿检查、体温测量等操作,现在可以引导动物在放松状态下主动完成,避免了麻醉对动物造成的伤害.圈养野生动物医疗行为训练不同驯兽表演,是提高动物福利的有效手段. 相似文献
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本文阐述了动物行为训练的生物学背景和相应的心理学和神经生理学原理,论述了动物四种学习方式以及动物训练的两种方法：强化和惩罚。 相似文献
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导读动物行为学是一门涉及动物行为研究的科学,在国外已经作为动物学和兽医学领域的一门专业学科,在国内这项研究还是很少的。动物行为学以动物行为训练为根基,帮助兽医了解动物的行为语言,指导主人采取相应的方法对之加以有效的引导和训练,让人和动物相处更加自然和谐,使人们充分享受到伴侣动物的乐趣。随着动物行为学的发展,与之有关的研究取得了较大的发展,但大部分研究处于发展阶段,真正用于生产实践中的很少。动物行为学研究的不断深入,还必须做大量的有关这方面的工作,从而去推动其在生产实践中的应用。 相似文献
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野生动物的行为是动物与环境相互作用的结果,动物园中动物的行为也反映出动物与相应的由人为提供的环境之间的关系。本文分析了现阶段在动物园圈养人工控制的环境下,动物展现出的有关动物行为如领域行为、攻击行为、交配行为、学习行为、摄食行为、警戒行为和体温调节行为等,以及由这些行为导致的安全问题,并有针对性地提出了在动物管理中相应的防范措施与解决办法。在动物园日常管理工作中,工作人员要熟知动物行为的目的与意义,观察动物行为,及时发现动物的不适与异常,充分掌握与安全有关的动物行为并及时分析,找出可能存在的对动物造成伤害的安全隐患,避免安全事故,给动物提供更舒适安全符合动物生物学特性的环境,同时也是提高动物福利的重要环节。 相似文献
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《The Professional Animal Scientist》2002,18(1):7-12
Fane animal worker training and certification programs are currently not available. Programs are needed for training and certification of farm animal workers in teaching and research facilities at universities and companies and on commercial farms. Consumers support farm animal welfare assurances. Although the focus of this paper is the development of programs for teaching and research institutions, commodity-based assurance programs and laboratory animal worker training programs provide models for future programs that could provide assurance of acceptable farm animal care. The Federation of Animal Science Societies (FASS) training tapes on the use of farm animals in teaching and research are a first step toward the development of a full menu of training products for farm animal care. The FASS Guide for the Care and Use of Agricultural Animals in Agricultural Research and Teaching (Ag Guide) should provide a template for science-based training materials for people who work with farm animals. 相似文献
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记录1只人工育幼白颊长臂猿明显异常行为的矫正过程,矫正内容包括：（1）毛巾脱离训练;（2）吮吸手指、身体撞地、过度紧迫3种刻板行为矫正;（3）树栖行为恢复训练3部分.矫正采用环境丰容与食物丰容相结合的方式,幼猿由原简单布置的育幼室迁到备有较多攀爬绳索、可见同类行为模式、自然植被丰富等具有相当丰容程度的新笼舍,投喂方式由定时定点转为散放、不定时放置食物.毛巾脱离训练成功后,采用事件取样法对该长臂猿异常行为和树栖时间进行观察记录,结果表明幼猿吮吸手指、身体撞地、过度紧迫3种异常行为分别由原来87.6％、26.4％、17.2％降至44.8％、0％、0.2％;并成功激发其树栖生活的正常行为模式.休息、取食、运动行为由原来的40％、6％、3％提高至58％、17％、18％. 相似文献
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Animal scientists have an extraordinary burden to promote the health and well-being of all animals in their care. Promoting species- or breed-appropriate behaviors through proper training and enrichment, regardless of animal housing, should be a paramount concern for all animal scientists working with exotic animals, laboratory animals, shelter animals, or privately owned pet animals. Developing ideal training and enrichment programs for any species begins with understanding basic behavior patterns and emotional systems of animals. The basic emotional systems in mammals have been extensively mapped; however, most of these studies are in the neuroscience literature and seldom read by animal science professionals. The emotional circuits for fear have been well documented through studies demonstrating that lesions to the amygdala will block both conditioned and unconditioned fear behaviors. Additionally, other core emotional systems including seeking (i.e., approaching a novel stimulus), rage, panic (e.g., separation stress), play, lust (i.e., sex drive), and care (e.g., mother-young nurturing behavior) have been identified. More recent neuroscience research has discovered the subcortical brain regions that drive different types of seeking behaviors. Research to increase the understanding of the emotional systems that drive both abnormal and normal animal behaviors could greatly improve animal welfare by making it possible to provide more effective environmental enrichment programs. Enrichment devices and methods could be specifically designed to enable the expression of highly motivated behaviors that are driven by emotional circuits in the brain. The objective of this paper is to increase awareness of animal scientists to the field of neuroscience studying animal emotions and the application of that science to improve the welfare of captive exotic animals, laboratory animals, and pets with environmental enrichment. 相似文献
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从2011年12月到2012年4月,应用全事件取样法和目标动物取样法对南昌动物园2只处于育龄期的华南虎进行了丰容前后的行为观察,对丰容前后行为发生的时间分配、行为比例进行了研究比较。结果显示：丰容前主要出现踱步行为（刻板行为）,休息行为和摄食行为（摄食行为的发生受人为控制）等行为,丰容后行为谱明显丰富,行为种类增多,玩耍行为,社会行为占据整个行为谱的时间比重加大,丰容前后行为存在显著的差异。研究结构表明可以通过丰容来改变华南虎的行为节律,从而减少其刻板行为,增加了社会行为,对提高动物繁殖的成功率可能起到一定作用。 相似文献
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在人工饲养条件下,采用了目标动物取样法和随机取样法,对鬣羚的冲撞、攻击、领域、择偶、繁殖、母仔等行为进行了观察研究。结果表明,鬣羚初入新环境中,有高度的敏感性,由此产生强烈的应激行为。其中,猛烈地冲击笼舍和不停地向上跳跃是其严重的应激行为之一;有较强的领域行为;在繁殖期间鬣羚对配偶具有选择性;发情高峰期1～2d,怀孕4个月后,腹部明显向两侧膨大,怀孕期220～226 d:仔羚在产后需2h以上才能站立;在15日龄内母羚平均每天要哺乳6～8次;2月龄时,能较好地吃食人工饲料,断奶月龄在2～3个月,断奶时宜将母羚隔至邻笼而将仔羚留在原笼舍。鬣羚笼舍围栏的高度宜在2.5～3m,应为新进的鬣羚提供较暗的小内室,保持安静的环境。 相似文献
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Yukari Takeuchi Katherine A Houpt 《Veterinary Clinics of North America: Small Animal Practice》2003,33(2):345-363
The influence of hereditary and environmental factors is indispensable as the foundation on which the temperament of an animal is formed. Genetic research on animal temperament has experienced a turning point in recent years as a result of the development of molecular biology. In the near future, it may be possible to explain the formation process of animal temperament as the two fields share their research. We look forward to applying these research results to the development of new genetic treatment methods for problem behavior and training programs suited to the individual. 相似文献
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The influence of hereditary and environmental factors is indispensable as the foundation on which the temperament of an animal is formed. Genetic research on animal temperament has experienced a turning point in recent years as a result of the development of molecular biology. In the near future, it may be possible to explain the formation process of animal temperament as the two fields share their research. We look forward to applying these research results to the development of new genetic treatment methods for problem behavior and training programs suited to the individual. 相似文献
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C W Leathers L K Bustad 《Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association》1978,173(9):1218-1221
The discipline of laboratory animal medicine is one of the most rapidly expanding specialties within the veterinary profession. Veterinary schools should fully accept the responsibility for introductory instruction in laboratory animal medicine in the professional curriculum. Such instruction should articulate the varied opportunities that exist for the laboratory animal veterinarian within the biomedical research community, and provide an overview of the normal biological characteristics and pathologic conditions of the common laboratory animal species. In addition, the opportunity should exist within the veterinary school for graduate and undergraduate students utilizing experimental animals to receive a comprehensive introduction to laboratory animal biology, care, and management. Instructional responsibility for such courses should be accepted by faculty veterinarians with advanced training in laboratory animal medicine. Veterinarians with advanced training in this specialty are uniquely qualified to make substantial contributions to biomedical research by promoting the health and welfare of the research animal. 相似文献