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柑桔砧木矮化预选指标的解剖学研究 总被引：17，自引：0，他引：17
以７４－１枳、紫花宜昌橙、Ｒｕｓｋ枳橙、香橙Ｔｒｏｙｅｒ枳橙、江南、９２号红桔和蟹橙为标准系列砧木，研究它们折解剖学特征，从中筛选了根皮率、根导管总面积，栅海比、叶气孔密度４个砧木矮化预选指标和皮率、木质率、根导管密度、叶主脉导管数４个辅助预选指标。 相似文献
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苹果品种及砧木枝皮率性状研究河北农业技术师范学院昌黎０６６６００刘玉艳河北省农林科学院昌黎果树研究所刘国俭，白景春苹果砧木及品种的根皮率性状，是用于矮化砧木育种的一项重要预选指标。鉴于一些无性系根的取材较困难，部分研究者提出以枝皮率代替根皮率作为预选... 相似文献
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以苹果矮化砧木M27、M9、M26、MM106及乔化砧木八棱海棠的一年生枝条为试材,采用组织离析法,研究了苹果不同砧木导管分子在光学显微镜和扫描电镜下形态特征参数,以期为探索苹果矮化砧木致矮机理提供依据。结果表明:八棱海棠与M系砧木导管分子均为孔纹导管;八棱海棠导管分子在长度和尾长上均显著高于M系砧木;M系砧木导管分子宽度、纹孔式、纹孔膜残留、端壁倾斜角与八棱海棠无明显差异。以上结果表明,矮化砧木较乔化砧木具有短导管性、短尾性,这种特性可能是矮化砧木致使树体矮化的原因之一。 相似文献
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苹果矮化栽培是迅速提高产质量的一条重要途径,近年来矮化苹果获得了迅速的发展。全国已发展到近400万亩,约占苹果面积的15％,搞好这批幼树的管理,对加速实现果品生产现代化,具有重要的意义。现根据各地的研究成果和生产经验,提出矮化苹果优质丰产栽培技术管理意见,供参考。一、矮化苹果的概念 (一)矮化苹果树:指利用乔化砧木嫁接的短枝型品种,矮化砧木(包括根砧和中间砧)嫁接的普通型品种或矮化砧木嫁接的短枝型品植株。 相似文献
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以生长势不同的酿酒葡萄品种赤霞珠和梅鹿辄为试材, 采用基于地物光谱特性的遥感技术获得地块内不同生长势(包括新梢长度、新梢日生长速度、单株叶面积、N-Tester指数) 小区的归一化植被指数(NDVI) 间存在显著差异, 并且NDVI与葡萄新梢长度、新梢日生长速度、植株叶面积以及N-Tester指数间具有显著或极显著的相关性。因此, 采用NDVI评价地块内葡萄长势差异性具有应用前景。 相似文献
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T. G. Thorp D. Aspinall Margaret Sedgley 《The Journal of Horticultural Science and Biotechnology》2013,88(5):645-651
Floral bud development, early fruit set, bud size, leaf nitrogen and shoot starch content were recorded in spring, summer and autumn shoots of ‘Hass’ avocado (Persea americana Mill.). Floral initiation occurred in late autumn, but only in buds on terminal shoots (the last-formed shoot module on a terminal or axillary growth axis). In branching systems with three growth flushes, more flowers were produced and more fruit set on autumn and summer, than on spring flush terminal shoots. Floral development and leaf nitrogen accumulation occurred later in autumn than in summer shoots, but leaf numbers, dry and fresh weights, starch content of wood, mean floral status at anthesis and anthesis date were similar. The results suggest that nitrogen and starch were present in excess during floral development, and that shoot age did not influence the ability of a shoot to flower and set fruit, provided the shoot had sufficient vigour to produce new shoot growth in spring. 相似文献
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NaCl胁迫对补血草种子萌发及幼苗生长的影响 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
通过用不同浓度的NaCl胁迫,测定了补血草种子的发芽率、相对发芽率、发芽势、发芽指数、相对盐害率、叶长叶宽、芽长根长等指标.结果表明:低浓度的盐对补血草种子的各项指标影响不大,但高浓度的盐严重抑制了其萌发和幼苗生长. 相似文献
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In horizontal apple stems extension shoots were usually produced only from buds on the upper side of the stem, while buds on the lower side remained dormant or grew into spurs, and the same tendency was shown in inclined stems bent so that the “upper” and “under” sides became reversed.On horizontal stems lateral shoots showed a gradient of vigour, the longest shoots being produced by proximal buds. Xylem of horizontal branches was epitrophic. These responses appear to be due to effects of gravity on the distribution of endogenous growth regulating factors within stems. In trees grown horizontally and rotated, shoots and spurs grew from all sides of the stem and xylem developed concentrically.In studies of lateral shoots of partly disbudded horizontal stems, including cincturing treatments, it was found that the vigour of basal lateral shoots was a function of bud position in relation to the apex rather than in relation to the roots.A model for lateral shoot growth in horizontal branches is proposed, in which shoot vigour is related to the position of buds along a postulated inhibitory gradient. 相似文献
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《Scientia Horticulturae》2005,106(1):76-90
Orchard vigour, defined as the intensity of vegetative growth, is an important indicator for crop management in fruit tree cropping systems. It is often evaluated in commercial plots by experts on a non-formalised basis or measured with a single variable known as trunk cross-sectional area (TCSA). In this article, we proposed a set of 11 tree or plot morphological vegetative variables for apple orchards and applied it on 117 farm plots in south-eastern France. Relationships between variables were studied by component analysis (CA) and plots were classified into four clusters according to the first two factors of the CA. These modelled vigour marks were compared to expert vigour marks on 14 plots. Plot modelled vigour classification was re-estimated with only three morphological variables and compared to the original classification. These morphological variables were: TCSA, number of water sprouts on the trunk and length of annual shoot at the distal part of fruiting branches at the bottom of the tree. The first three factors of the CA correspond to vegetative growth intensity, opposition between annual and cumulative growth and vigour balance, respectively. Modelled and expert plot vigour classifications were generally in agreement, except in the case of heterogeneous plots. Re-estimated and original modelled classifications were also in agreement, except in the case of older and more vigorous orchards. Results showed that plot vigour modelling based on these three morphological variables may be relevant. TCSA thus did not appear to be sufficient. Results are discussed in relation to plant architecture features. 相似文献
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Michael G. Mullins 《The Journal of Horticultural Science and Biotechnology》2013,88(3):237-247
A distinctive seasonal pattern in the outgrowth of shoots was observed in upright maiden apple trees. Until midsummer, extension shoot growth was confined to the apical region of the trunk. After midsummer, vigorous shoots grew from the basal region of the trunk, and the production of these shoots coincided with a decline in growth rates of shoots in the apical region. A similar pattern of shoot growth was evident in trees grown in horizontal and inverted positions but was modified by the effects of gravity, viz. growth curvatures, effects on the symmetry of shoot production about the axis, and changes in the vigour of shoots in the apical and basal regions of the trunk. Growing trees in horizontal and inverted positions caused a reduction in terminal extension growth, but did not reduce the total amount of shoot growth compared with vertically-grown trees. Changing the orientation of the trunk caused differences in the pattern of axillary flower bud formation, but had no detectable effect on the total numbers of flower buds initiated. 相似文献
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研究了不同浓度的乙烯利、赤霉素、双氧水处理对苦瓜种子发芽的影响.结果表明:乙烯利能够更有效地促进苦瓜种子的发芽.经过150 mg/L乙烯利液浸种16 h的苦瓜种子,不论发芽势、发芽率、发芽指数还是活力指数都极显著高于其他药剂处理. 相似文献
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Pierre-Éric Lauri Éric Té Rouanne 《The Journal of Horticultural Science and Biotechnology》2013,88(1):110-117
SummaryInflorescences are known to be important physiological sinks especially when they set fruit. The effect, over two successive years, of inflorescence removal on one year old wood was investigated on apple (Malus domestica Borkh.). The study was carried out on medium vigour (around 30 cm) branches of cv. Granny Smith. On one set of branches (control) the inflorescences were untreated, while on two other sets, one-third and two-thirds of inflorescences (spur leaves, bourse-shoot and flower cluster) were removed at full bloom. The first analysis investigated the fruit setting ability of remaining inflorescences. The results generally confirmed previous results on the positive correlation between the number of leaves and flowers of the inflorescence and fruit set, and also the higher fruit set on two year old wood as compared with one year old wood. On one year old wood, inflorescence removal treatments tended to increase the fruit set of inflorescences with a low number of leaves and flowers leading to a level of fruit set similar to that of inflorescences with a larger number of leaves and flowers. On two year old wood, in the following year, only the two-thirds treatment increased fruit set consistently compared with the control. A second analysis investigated the effect of inflorescence removal on lateral shoot development. It was shown that the treatments had a little effect on quantitative growth (length, diameter) of the laterals per se. On the other hand, the removal of two-thirds of the inflorescence significantly stimulated the development of fruitful inflorescences the following year. Results are discussed in relation to the local versus global physiological integration at the branch level. 相似文献