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山羊梭菌类疾病主要包括C型产气荚膜梭菌（羊猝狙）、D型产气荚膜梭菌（羊肠毒血症）、B型产气荚膜梭菌（羔羊痢疾）和B型诺维氏梭菌（羊黑疫），对养羊业生产危害较为严重。这几种病原菌在羊舍普遍存在，如在粪便、尿液及污水中大量存在，特别是老养羊场（舍），卫生条件差、管理不到位，暴发该类疫病的机会更大，应高度重视。 相似文献
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<正>1病原导致山羊羔羊痢疾的病原是B型产气荚膜梭菌,其呈革兰氏阳性,厌氧,无鞭毛,不运动,可形成荚膜。B型产气荚膜梭菌在自然界中分布广泛,常见于土壤、污水、饲料、粪便及人畜肠道中。在外界不良因素的作用下羔羊抵抗力下降,此时细菌在其小肠(特别是回肠)里大量繁殖,产 相似文献
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羔羊痢疾是由B型产气荚膜梭菌引起初生羔羊的1种急性传染病,笔者采用中西医结合治疗羔羊痢疾的方法取得了显著的效果,现报道如下. 相似文献
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产气荚膜梭菌是牛羊猝死和肠出血症的重要病原之一。本研究根据其常见的A、B、C、D四种菌型菌株编码α、β和ε毒素的保守序列,分别设计合成了针对这3种毒素的特异性引物,建立了多重PCR检测不同血清型产气荚膜梭菌的技术方法。通过对参考菌株的分型检测表明,该方法不仅快速、客观,而且具有良好的特异性和敏感性。对羔羊猝死症中分出的菌株进行检测,确定其为产气荚膜梭菌A型和D型混合感染;对产后母牛血痢病料中分离的菌株进行检测确定其为产气荚膜梭菌A型。 相似文献
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羔羊痢疾又称羔羊梭菌性痢疾，是由B型产气荚膜梭菌引起，初生羔羊的一种毒血症。特征为剧烈腹泻，小肠发生溃疡。本病常可使羔羊发生大批死亡，给养羊业带来巨大的损失。3年来，笔者在门诊上遇到5起病例，经采用中西医结合疗法进行治疗，取得一定效果，现将经过介绍如下，以供参考。 相似文献
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An acute case of bovine mastitis caused by clostridium perfringens type A is described. The condition appeared before delivery and was characterised by gas formation in the udder and severe general signs. In spite of parenteral treatment with large doses of penicillin and streptomycin combined with frequent stripping of the udder the animal died two days after the onset of symptoms. The strain isolated proved sensitive to penicillin, chloramphenicol and tetracyclin, but resistant to streptomycin and sulphonamides. 相似文献
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K Gkiourtzidis J Frey E Bourtzi-Hatzopoulou N Iliadis K Sarris 《Veterinary microbiology》2001,82(1):39-43
Clostridium perfringens isolated from lambs with dysentery (n=117) were analysed by a DNA amplification technique, the polymerase chain reaction (PCR), in order to determine the prevalence of the alpha-, beta-, beta 2-, epsilon-, iota- and enterotoxin genes. The most prevalent toxin type of C. perfringens found was type B, containing the alpha-, beta-, and epsilon-toxin genes, representing 46% of the cases with clostridial dysentery. C. perfringens type C containing the alpha-, and beta-toxin genes was isolated in 20% and type D, which is characterized by the alpha- and epsilon-toxin genes, was isolated in 28% of all isolates. The recently discovered, not yet assigned beta 2-toxigenic type of C. perfringens was represented in 6% of all isolates. No C. perfringens type A containing the alpha-toxin alone and no type E, which harbours the ADP-ribosylating iota-toxin, were found in the diseased animals. None of the samples contained the enterotoxin gene. Only one type of C. perfringens was found in a given herd, revealing the epidemiological use of PCR toxin gene typing of C. perfringens. The animals originated from 79 different herds with sizes ranging from 30 to 250 animals, bred in the area of northern Greece. 相似文献
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Greco G Madio A Buonavoglia D Totaro M Corrente M Martella V Buonavoglia C 《Veterinary journal (London, England : 1997)》2005,170(3):65-350
A study was carried out in the South of Italy to assess the role of clostridia in neonatal diseases of lambs and kids. Eighty-seven lambs and 15 kids belonging to 25 flocks were examined and Clostridium perfringens was the microorganism most commonly identified. C. perfringens isolates were analysed by polymerase chain reaction (PCR), in order to determine the prevalence of the genes cpa, cpb, cpb2, etx, iap and cpe. The most prevalent toxin-type of C. perfringens was found to be type A found in 84% of the cases with clostridial enterotoxaemia. No C. perfringens type B, C or E were found. C. perfringens type D was isolated in 16% of the cases. About 24% of the isolates were cpb2 positive. The prevalence of cpb2 across the different C. perfringens types varied. The beta(2)-toxin gene cpb2 was detected in 4/21 (19%) type A isolates, in 1/2 type D isolates, and in 1/2 type DE (cpe-carrying type D) isolates. The high rate of positivity to cpb2 among the isolates suggests that a vaccine based on the beta(2)-toxin, should be included in the vaccination schedule of the animals to confer adequate protection and to prevent the disease. 相似文献
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采用细菌学方法与分子生物学技术对疑似山羊痘猝死山羊进行病原学检测。结果:以GPV ITR基因特异性引物从皮肤、肠黏膜、蹄部痘疹中均扩增到289 bp目的条带,并从肝脏中分离到1株革兰氏阳性杆菌,经生化鉴定为产气荚膜梭菌,其表现较强耐药性。由试验结果初步判断,该病例为山羊痘病毒(GPV)继发产气荚膜梭菌感染所致。猝死山羊病因的确定性诊断,将对山羊养殖场切断病原传播,预防健康山羊发病提供技术支持。 相似文献
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Uzal FA Diab SS Blanchard P Moore J Anthenill L Shahriar F Garcia JP Songer JG 《Veterinary microbiology》2012,156(3-4):395-402
Clostridium perfringens type C is one of the most important agents of enteric disease in newborn foals. Clostridium difficile is now recognized as an important cause of enterocolitis in horses of all ages. While infections by C. perfringens type C or C. difficile are frequently seen, we are not aware of any report describing combined infection by these two microorganisms in foals. We present here five cases of foal enterocolitis associated with C. difficile and C. perfringens type C infection. Five foals between one and seven days of age were submitted for necropsy examination to the California Animal Health and Food Safety Laboratory. The five animals had a clinical history of acute hemorrhagic diarrhea followed by death and none had received antimicrobials or been hospitalized. Postmortem examination revealed hemorrhagic and necrotizing entero-typhlo-colitis. Histologically, the mucosa of the small intestine and colon presented diffuse necrosis and hemorrhage and it was often covered by a pseudomembrane. Thrombosis was observed in submucosal and/or mucosal vessels. Immunohistochemistry of intestinal sections of all foals showed that many large bacilli in the sections were C. perfringens. C. perfringens beta toxin was detected by ELISA in intestinal content of all animals and C. difficile toxin A/B was detected in intestinal content of three animals. C. perfringens (identified as type C by PCR) was isolated from the intestinal content of three foals. C. difficile (typed as A(+)/B(+) by PCR) was isolated from the intestinal content in 3 out of the 5 cases. This report suggests a possible synergism of C. perfringens type C and C. difficile in foal enterocolitis. Because none of the foals had received antibiotic therapy, the predisposing factor, if any, for the C. difficile infection remains undetermined; it is possible that the C. perfringens infection acted as a predisposing factor for C. difficile and/or vice versa. This report also stresses the need to perform a complete diagnostic workup in all cases of foal digestive disease. 相似文献
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根据GenBank中已发布的产气荚膜梭菌α、β、ε、τ毒素基因序列,分别设计并合成针对4种毒素基因的特异引物,通过优化多重PCR反应条件,建立1种简单的产气荚膜梭菌定型菌落多重PCR方法。结果显示：A、B、C、D、E5型产气荚膜梭菌参考菌株均扩增出了相应的预期目的条带,而大肠杆菌、巴氏杆菌和芽孢杆菌则均未能扩增出相应条带;将单个菌落稀释100倍,仍能扩增出相应的目的片段,该方法对B型和E型参考菌株最低检测量分别为2．6×10^4cfu／mL、1．2×10^4cfu／mL。应用该多重PCR方法从106份样品中检测到30株产气荚膜梭菌且均为A型,其中病死鸡的盲肠内容物分离率为36．5％（19／52）,健康鸡群新鲜粪便样品分离率为20．4％（11／54）。本研究建立的多重PCR方法特异性强,敏感度高,重复性好,可以有效进行产气荚膜梭菌的快速检测及5种血清型的鉴别,对产气荚膜梭菌的感染及食品安全问题的研究均具有重要意义。 相似文献
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Cai Y Gao J Wang X Chai T Zhang X Duan H Jiang S Zucker BA Schlenker G 《DTW. Deutsche tier?rztliche Wochenschrift》2008,115(8):292-4, 296-7
Four hundred and twenty intestinal content samples (not including intestinal tissues) of freshwater fishes (60 silver carps, 100 carps, 100 crucian carps, 60 catfishes and 100 zaieuws) caught from one water reservoir were examined bacteriologically for the occurrence of C. perfringens. Isolates were examined by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for genes encoding the four lethal toxins (alpha, beta, epsilon and iota) for classification into toxin types and for genes encoding enterotoxin and the novel beta2 toxin for further subclassification. C. perfringens could be isolated in 75 intestinal contents samples (17.9%) from freshwater fish including: 13 silver carps, 2 carps, 12 crucian carps, 40 zaieuws, and 8 catfishes. In 75 isolates, 58 strains (77.3%) were C. perfringens toxin type C (alpha and beta toxin positive), 13 strains (17.3%) were toxin type A (alpha toxin positive) and 4 strains (5.3%) were toxin type B (alpha, beta and epsilon toxin positive). In addition, the gene encoding for beta2 toxin was found in 47 strains (62.7%) of all the isolates, seven from type A, two from type B, and 38 from type C. The gene encoding for enterotoxin was not found in any isolate. These amplified toxin gene fragment were cloned and sequenced and compared with reference strains, the identity varied from 98.15% to 99.29%. This is the first report of C. perfringens alpha, beta, epsilon, beta2 toxins in freshwater fish and of beta, epsilon toxins in fish in general, and is the first discovery that the beta2 toxin could be detected in strains of type B. The origin of this bacterium and its importance to human food poisoning in freshwater fish is discussed. 相似文献
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Two double sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA) for Clostridium perfringens beta and epsilon toxins were assessed for routine diagnosis of enterotoxemias on intestinal contents of 151 sheep that died suddenly. Conventional tests (mouse assay and culture of organism) showed that 21 specimens were positive for Clostridium perfringens type C (beta toxin) and 39 were positive for Clostridium perfringens type D (epsilon toxin) enterotoxemias. Comparison of the ELISA results with conventional assays gave sensitivity and specificity rates respectively of 90.5% and 89.2% for beta toxin assay and 97.4% and 94.6% for epsilon toxin assay. With further refinement to improve the performance of the assay for beta toxin these tests could serve as a substitute for conventional tests in the laboratory diagnosis of Clostridium perfringens types B, C and D enterotoxemias. 相似文献
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兔病毒性出血症、多杀性巴氏杆菌病、产气荚膜梭菌病(A)型三联灭活疫苗研制 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
对 5批兔病毒性出血症、多杀性巴氏杆菌病、产气荚膜梭菌病三联灭活疫苗进行了动物试验 ,结果表明该疫苗安全有效。近期效检对兔病毒性出血症的保护率为 1 0 0 % ,对兔多杀性巴氏杆菌病保护率为 92 % ,对产气荚膜梭菌病 (A)型保护率为 88%。在免疫期试验中 ,免疫 6个月后 ,对兔病毒性出血症保护率为 1 0 0 % ,对多杀性巴氏杆菌病的保护率为 79% ,对产气荚膜梭菌病 (A)型的保护率为 88%。在保存期试验中 ,4～ 8℃保存 1年仍有效。 相似文献