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国外有关猪RN基因研究的最新进展 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
RN(Rendement Napole)基因是影响猪肉质性状的一个主效基因，已被定位在猪的15号染色体上(15q25)，该基因在肉品质上存在严重的负面效应。采用不同方法研究该基因的过程中发现以GP值分型方法并不能准确将个体进行分型，而以采用RFLP方法却可以准确将个体进行分型，显示出以DNA为基础的分型研究的优越性。目前国内还没有相关的研究报道，本文着重介绍国外有关RN基因研究历史及研究的最新进展。 相似文献
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采用DNA直接测序法筛选生肌决定基因(MyoD1)5'-UTR及编码区的遗传多态性,采用高分辨率溶解曲线分型技术(HRM)对候选单核苷酸多态性位点(SNP)进行基因分型,并分析其与生长和屠宰性能的相关性(n=190)。结果显示:仅在外显子4上发现一个同义突变SNP(c.783 G>A)。等位基因A和G在3品种中的平均频率为0.216和0.784,基因型GG、GA和AA的平均频率分别为0.674、0.221和0.105。相关性分析表明,无论公母兔,其AA基因型个体的全净膛重和半净膛重都显著高于GA基因型个体(P<0.05),而该SNP位点与生长性状间无显著相关。研究结果支持MyoD1基因可作为家兔屠宰性能的候选基因。 相似文献
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RN基因是近年来研究较热的影响猪肉品质的一个主效基因 ,它由LeRoy等人于 1 990年正式提出。该基因位于猪 1 5号染色体上 ,包括突变的显性基因RN和正常的隐性基因rn 2个等位基因。目前主要根据猪肉中肌糖原含量来划分RN基因型 ,肌糖原含量较低的为非携带者 ,基因型定为rn/rn,肌糖原含量较高的为携带者 ,基因型定为RN/—。RN基因在汉普夏猪中有较高的频率 ,在其他品种猪中频率极低 ,甚至为 0。RN基因在物理图谱上被定位到猪 1 5q2 1 2 2。RN基因是一个多效应的数量性状座位 ,尽管它的表达产物还不清楚 ,但目前普遍认为它影响猪肉的肌糖原含量、肉质、肉加工后的产出率 ,它对猪的瘦肉量、日增重也有一些影响。获得RN基因的DNA探针和研制RN基因的诊断试剂盒将是RN基因未来研究的一个趋势 相似文献
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优化猪RN基因检测技术,通过对斯格猪群的RN基因检测,研究在斯格猪群中RN等位基因多态性分布情况,为日后对该基因作进一步研究奠定科学基础。 相似文献
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不同猪种肉质相关基因Hal、RN和FTO的多态性研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
为了明确肉质相关基因氟烷基因(Hal)、酸肉基因(RN)和脂肪肥胖相关基因(FTO)在国内外不同猪种群体间的遗传变异特性,本研究以大约克、长白、杜洛克和金华猪等猪种群体为研究对象,应用PCR-RFLP技术分别检测了Hal、RN和FTO基因的多态性,并分析了FTO基因上2个多态位点g.276G＞T和c.594C＞G的遗传变异情况.结果表明:(1)在杜洛克猪中发现了Hal的基因型HalN Haln,其频率为0.166,但未发现基因型Haln Haln,其它猪种群体中仅检测到了基因型HalN HalN;(2)在已检测的所有猪种群体中只检测到RN基因的rn/rn基因型,未发现rn/RN和RN/RN基因型;(3)在FTO的g.276G＞T位点上,金华猪呈现单态,其它猪种群体均呈现多态.在FTO的c.594C＞G位点上,4个猪种群体均呈现多态,3个外来猪种群体均以CC基因型频率较高,而金华猪则以GG基因型频率较高.研究结果提示,由于Hal基因在养猪生产中的利弊双重性,因此在某些猪种群体中仍然存在较高频率的HalN Haln基因型.此外,结合FTO基因的生理功能和已有的研究结果,可在特定的猪群中将其作为影响猪肉质性状的候选基因.本研究发现FTO的基因型分布在我国优良地方猪种金华猪与国外3个种猪群间存在较大差异,为深入研究不同品种猪的肉质形成机理提供了基础数据. 相似文献
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为了测定日粮不同中性洗涤纤维水平及猪品种对猪氮代谢的影响,试验选用8头4个月龄猪,采用4×4拉丁方设计进行试验。4种试验日粮按等能、等氮设计,Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ组粗纤维水平分别为6%、9%、12%和15%(干物质基础),4个品种猪分别为莱芜猪(100%)、大莱猪(50%)、大大莱猪(25%)、大约克猪(0%),试验采用顿称顿喂的饲养方式。试验结果表明,ADF对IN、FN、DN、RN、氮表观消化率影响极显著(P0.01),对UN的影响显著(P0.05),对ABV的影响不显著(P0.05),经相关性分析I,N、UN、DN、RN、氮表观消化率与ADF含量之间为负相关,与FN之间为正相关。猪不同的品种对氮的代谢影响不同,猪品种对IN、FN、DN、RN、ABV的影响极显著(P0.01),对UN、氮表观消化率的影响不显著(P0.05)。经相关性分析,UN、氮表观消化率与莱芜猪血源含量之间呈正相关,而IN、FN、DN、RN、ABV与之为负相关。 相似文献
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《家畜生态学报》2021,42(10)
为了对版纳微型猪近交系(Banna Minipig Inbred Line, BMI)ZPBP2基因进行克隆及相关生物信息学分析,该研究以BMI睾丸组织为试验材料提取RNA,通过RT-PCR方法扩增获得ZPBP2基因编码区序列,采用在线分析软件进行生物信息学分析。结果表明,ZPBP2基因编码蛋白分子量为17.4798 kD,理论等电点为5.63;在氨基酸组成上,碱性氨基酸(Lys+Arg)有14个,酸性氨基酸(Asp+Glu)有19个。在核苷酸相似度上与普通猪相似度最高,与人相似度较低;构建ZPBP2基因系统进化树的结果表明,与BMI遗传距离最近的是非近交系猪,最远是绵羊。该研究结果可为进一步全面分析和研究BMI ZPBP2基因功能及其应用奠定基础。 相似文献
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【目的】 利用猪肾上皮细胞15(PK15)建立系统的猪白细胞抗原1(SLA-1)抗原表位筛选系统。【方法】 提取PK15细胞总RNA,设计特异性引物,应用RT-PCR方法扩增SLA-1基因(SLA-1*PK15),将该基因克隆到pMD18-T载体上,并进行双酶切及测序鉴定;利用DNAMAN 5.2.2、Mega 5.0、Multalin及同源建模进行系统进化树、二级结构、三级结构分析。【结果】 RT-PCR扩增获得约1 400 bp条带,质粒提取和酶切鉴定结果表明SLA-1成功插入pMD18-T载体;测序结果证实该基因共1 419 bp,其中2－1 087 bp为编码区,共编码361个氨基酸,信号肽为21个氨基酸,符合SLA-1基因特征。进化树分析结果显示,SLA-1*PK15与SLA-1*wxd(中国梅山猪)和SLA-1*0401(中国巴马小型猪)进化关系最近,而与SLA-1*lr02(丹麦长白猪)及SLA-1*0509(中国西藏野猪)进化关系较远。胞外区氨基酸比较分析表明,PK15细胞SLA-1基因与其他SLA-1基因胞外区主要变异位点存在于α1区和α2区,α3区的变异位点较少,无特征性氨基酸变异位点。PK15细胞SLA-1蛋白的二级结构主要以α-螺旋和β-折叠为主。同源建模结果显示,SLA-1蛋白具有SLA class Ⅰ典型的三级结构,α1区和α2区构成抗原多肽结合区。【结论】 SLA-1基因稳定存在于PK15细胞,PK15细胞具有作为SLA-1抗原表位筛选系统的潜在应用价值。 相似文献
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《中国兽医杂志》2016,(9)
为了解转双基因在猪生长发育中作用及意义,选取23头健康仔猪,其中转p GH、IGF-1双基因猪4头,转p GH基因猪12头,非转基因猪7头,研究p GH、IGF-1基因对猪生长和繁殖性能的影响。结果表明,转p GH、IGF-1双基因猪个体均重比转p GH单基因猪高2.83%,差异显著(P0.05);转双基因猪比非转基因猪高7.37%,差异显著(P0.05)。转双基因猪体重达100 kg的日龄比转单基因猪少8.93 d,差异显著(P0.05),转双基因猪比非转基因猪少12.23 d,差异显著(P0.05),转单基因猪比非转基因猪少3.30 d,差异不显著(P0.05);转双基因公猪的精液量,分别比转p GH单基因公猪与非转基因公猪提高27.61%、18.31%,差异均显著(P0.05);精子密度,三者之间差异均不显著(P0.05);转双基因公猪与非转基因猪的精子活力之间差异不显著(P0.05);转单基因公猪畸形率分别比转双基因公猪、非转基因猪高23%、18%,差异均显著(P0.05)。为进一步分析p GH-IGF-1生长轴对家猪生产性能的具体影响提供参考依据,也为转基因技术的推广与应用提供有力依据。 相似文献
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猪鸡肉质性状分子标记及主效基因的研究进展 总被引：8，自引：0，他引：8
本文回顾了近年来猪鸡肉质性状的分子遗传标记及主效基因的研究进展。研究结果表明 ,已发现了 6 0个影响肉质性状的QTLs,它们分别位于染色体 1,2 ,4 ,5 ,6 ,7,8,10 ,11,12 ,13,14 ,15 ,17,18和X ,其中 9个和 1个分别达到了 5 %和 1%基因组水平 ;影响肉质的主效基因达 2 0个左右 ,它们包括氟烷基因、糖原基因及影响肌肉含量、背膘厚和肌内脂肪含量等肉质性状的基因 ,其中氟烷基因和糖原基因的研究结果得到公认 ,其余基因的报道还有待进一步验证 相似文献
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The purpose of the present study was to compare Rendement Napole (RN) classification from glycolytic potential (GP) and DNA techniques, and to study the effect of the RN gene on performance, carcass, muscle quality, and sensory traits. Progeny (N = 118) from the mating of 15 purebred Hampshire sires to York x Landrace females were classified for RN gene status using the GP of the loin and polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism sequence methodology. Females mated in the study (N = 32) were considered normal (rn+/rn+) based on a loin GP measurement taken on samples collected by live press biopsy. Progeny were randomly selected for harvest within a litter for each sire. Observed mean, standard deviation, and range of progeny loin GP values were 132.2, 30.7, and 70.0 to 193.0 micromol/g, respectively. The GP data were not normally distributed. Peak numbers of observations occurred between 120 and 129 micromol/g and 160 to 169 micromol/g. Pigs with a loin GP of > 150 micromol/g were classified RN-/rn+ based on the observed valley between the peak values, resulting in 37 pigs classified as RN-/rn+ and 81 pigs classified as rn+/rn+. Using DNA procedures, 81 RN-/rn+ and 37 rn+/rn+ pigs were observed. All classification errors occurred when GP values were < or = 150 micromol/g, with 30 of 44 and 14 of 44 classification errors occurring when loin GP values were between 121 and 150 micromol/g and 70 and 120 micromol/g, respectively. Gene effects, based on DNA results, were evaluated using mixed-model procedures with fixed effects of DNA genotype and gender, and random sire and litter effects. No RN genotype differences for growth rate,10th-rib backfat, or loin muscle area were observed. Loins from the RN-/rn+ pigs had significantly (P < 0.05) lower ultimate pH (0.16 units), greater GP (50.3 micromol/g), greater drip loss (0.93%), paler objective color (L*, 1.66 units), paler visual color (0.31 units), and lower firmness (0.61 units) scores. Additionally, loins from RN-/rn+ pigs had significantly (P < 0.05) lower marbling scores (0.68 units) and intramuscular fat content (0.25%) and greater cooking loss (2.51%). Cooked moisture, juiciness score, and mechanical and sensory tenderness measures did not differ between genotypes. The GP-based classification did not correctly classify RN genotype in the present study, emphasizing the importance of the direct DNA analysis for estimation of gene frequency and effects. The DNA-based genotype results clearly indicate the RN- allele has negative effects on muscle quality measures. 相似文献
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Red, soft, exudative (RSE) pork is red as "normal" pork and exudative as PSE pork. The origin of RSE quality is unknown. In the present study, we determined whether the occurrence of RSE pork is related to the presence of the RN (Rendement Napole) gene. A glycolytic potential [= 2 x (glucose + glycogen + glucose-6-phosphate) + lactate] of > 180 micromol lactate/g of meat was used as indicator for presence of the RN gene. At 1 d postmortem, pork loin samples were collected at a commercial slaughter plant, and meat quality characteristics and glycolytic potential were determined. Glycolytic potential of RSE pork (n = 42) was higher (P < .01) than that of RFN (red, firm, nonexudative) pork (n = 25): 137 vs 110 micromol lactate/g of muscle. The glycolytic potential of PSE pork (n = 28) was 161 micromol lactate/g of muscle, which was higher (P < .01) than the glycolytic potential of RFN or RSE pork. Using a glycolytic potential of 180 micromol lactate/g of muscle as suggestive for the presence of the RN gene, four (10%) of the RSE samples were from RN carriers. By the same criterion, the PSE group contained nine (32%) RN gene carriers. These results suggest that the occurrence of RSE quality is not related to the presence of the RN gene. 相似文献
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Reinsch N Looft C Rudat I Kalm E 《Zeitschrift für Tierzüchtung und Züchtungsbiologie》1997,114(1-6):133-142
SUMMARY: A marker experiment with pigs from commercially selected lines is described. One important goal of the experiment was to map the porcine RN locus, a major gene responsible for lowered terminal pH and increased glycogen level in muscle tissue. Experimental families comprised 15 Piétrain × Hampshire boars, of which 14 were heterozygous at the RN locus, 61 homozygous rn(+) /rn(+) sows (five Landrace, 12 Large White, and 44 Landrace × Large White crossbreds), and 509 progenies, 496 of them from heterozygous boars, in total 585 animals. Genotyping was done for seven chromosome 15 microsatellite loci: Sw919, Sw964, S0088, Sw120, Sw906, Sw936, and Sw312. Genotype assignment for the RN locus was based on musculus longissimus dorsi glycogen content. The heterozygosity of markers ranged from 0.47 to 1 in boars and from 0.71 to 0.88 in sows. RN was mapped to the centre of an interval, flanked by Sw120 and the marker pair Sw906/Sw936. Male multipoint distances between RN and Sw120, Sw906, and Sw936 were estimated as 5 cM, 5 cM, and 6.9 cM, respectively. Two-point recombination rates between these markers and RN were 0.05 in all cases, with corresponding lod scores of 52.09, 29.30, and 42.53. Concordances and disconcordances of mapping results in the RN region from different studies are discussed. The male map length of the chromosome region covered was 68.8 cM, in contrast to the female map length of 124.7 cM. Significant differences in recombination rates between sexes were found in intervals Sw919-Sw964, Sw964-S0088, and Sw936-Sw312, but not in the neighbourhood of the RN gene. ZUSAMMENFASSUNG: Es wird ein Kartierungsexperiment mit Schweinen aus kommerziell genutzten Linien beschrieben. Vordringliches Ziel dieses Experimentes war es, das RN-Gen zu kartieren, das für einen erniedrigten End-pH-Wert und einen erh?hten Glykogengehalt im Musklegewebe verantwortlich ist. Die Daten stammen von 15 Hampshire × Piétrain Ebern, von denen 14 am RN Locus heterozygot waren, 61 homozygoten rn(+) /rn(+) Sauen (5 Landrasse-, 12 Large White und 44 Landrasse × Large White Kreuzungssauen) sowie 509 Nachkommen, 496 davon von heterozygoten Ebern, insgesamt also 585 Tiere. Für sieben Mikrosatellitenmarker auf Chromosom 15 wurden die Tiere typisiert: Sw919, Sw964, S0088, Sw120, Sw906 und Sw312. Die Bestimmung der Genotypen am RN-locus erfolgte anhand des Glykogenghalts im Musculus longissimus dorsi. Der Heterozygotiegrad der Marker lag zwischen 0, 47 und 1 bei Ebern und zwischen 0, 71 und 0, 88 bei den Sauen. Als Position des RN-Gens wurde die Mitte eines Intervalles bestimmt, der von dem Marker Sw120 sowie dem Markerpaar Sw906/Sw936 begrenzt wird. Für das m?nnliche Geschlect wurden die Kartenabst?nde zwischen RN und Sw120, Sw906 und Sw936 in einer Mehrpunktanalyse auf 5 cM, 5 cM und 6, 9 cM gesch?tzt. Paarweise Sch?tzungen der Rekombinationsraten zwischen diesen Markern und RN betrugen in allen F?llen 0, 5, mit zugeh?rigen lod scores vol 52, 09, 29, 30 und 42, 53. übereinstimmungen und Diskrepanzen zwischen Kartierungsergebnissen verschiedener Arbeitsgruppen werden diskutiert. Die Kartenl?nge des mit Markern abgedeckten Teils von Chromsom 15 betrug beim m?nnlichen Geschlecht 68, 8 cM, im Gegensatz zu einer L?nge von 124, 7 cM beim weiblichen Geschlecht. Signifikante Unterschiede in den Rekombinationsraten beider Geschlechter wurden in den Intervallen Sw919-Sw964, Sw964-S0088 und Sw936-Sw312 gefunden, nicht jedoch in der Umgebung des RN-Genes. 相似文献
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Reference gene selection for reverse transcription quantitative polymerase chain reaction in chicken hypothalamus under different feeding status 
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下载免费PDF全文 Á. Simon A. Jávor P. Bai J. Oláh L. Czeglédi 《Journal of animal physiology and animal nutrition》2018,102(1):286-296
This study was designed to investigate the stability of 10 candidate reference genes, namely ACTB, B2M, GAPDH, HMBS, LBR, POLR2B, RN18S, RPS17, TBP, and YWHAZ for the normalization of gene expression data obtained by quantitative real‐time polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) in studies related to feed intake of chicken. Samples were isolated from hypothalamus under three different nutritional status (ad libitum, fasted for 24 hr, fasted for 24 hr then refed for 2 hr). Five different algorithms were applied for the analysis of reference gene stability: BestKeeper, geNorm, NormFinder, the comparative ΔCt method, and a novel approach using multivariate linear mixed‐effects modelling for stable reference gene selection. TBP and POLR2B were identified as the two most suitable and B2M and RN18S as the two least stable reference genes for normalization. Despite our review, the current literature showing that RN18S is one of the most commonly used reference gene in chicken gene expression studies, its applicability for normalization should be evaluated before each qPCR experiment. 相似文献
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为了研究淮南猪的种质特性,为淮南猪保种、可持续利用及种质创新提供依据,试验采用PCR-RFLP法,对96头淮南猪的RN基因进行了检测。结果表明,RN基因在淮南猪群体中存在隐性纯合子rn^+/rn^+和杂合子RN^-/rn^+,未发现显性纯合子RN^-/RN^-。其中,基因型rn^+/rn^+和RN^-/rn^+的频率分别为0.739 6和0.260 4;等位基因rn^+和RN^-的频率分别为0.869 8和0.130 2。卡方检验表明,rn^+和RN^-基因频率处于Hardy-Weinberg平衡状态,表明群体中RN基因没有受到选择的压力。 相似文献
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The effect of the Halothane and Rendement Napole genes on carcass and meat quality characteristics of pigs 总被引：7，自引：0，他引：7
Hamilton DN Ellis M Miller KD McKeith FK Parrett DF 《Journal of animal science》2000,78(11):2862-2867
The objective of this study was to determine the effects of the Halothane (N) and Rendement Napole (RN) genes on carcass and meat quality characteristics in pigs. Halothane and RN carrier (Nn/RN- rn+) Hampshire boars (n = 4) were mated to dams that were homozygous for the normal allele of both genes (NN/rn+ rn+) to produce progeny of four genotypes: 1, NN/rn+ rn+ (n = 31); 2, Nn/rn+ rn+ (n = 27); 3, NN/RN- rn+) (n = 30); and 4, Nn/RN- rn+ (n = 23). A DNA test was used to determine Halothane genotype, and longissimus glycolytic potential was used to predict the RN genotype. Pigs were reared under standard conditions to approximately 120 kg live weight and slaughtered at a commercial plant, and carcass characteristics and meat quality were evaluated. Halothane carriers (Nn/ _ _), in comparison to Halothane normal (NN/_ _) pigs, had shorter carcasses, lower longissimus ultimate pH, higher Minolta L* and b* values, and greater drip loss. Rendement Napole gene carriers (_ _/RN- rn+) had higher L* and b* values and drip and cooking loss and lower longissimus ultimate pH than homozygous recessive animals (_ _/rn+ rn+). There were Halothane x RN genotype interactions (P < 0.05) for subjective color, firmness, and marbling scores, and for shear force. Animals that were normal for both genes (NN/rn+ rn+) had the highest subjective scores for color (2.60, 1.88, 1.85, and 1.95, SE = 0.181, P < 0.05), firmness (2.53, 2.03, 2.10, and 1.89, SE = 0.182, P < 0 .05), and marbling (2.11, 1.44, 1.53, and 1.55, SE = 0.153, P < 0 .05) for genotypes 1, 2, 3, and 4, respectively, suggesting darker, firmer muscle with a higher level of marbling for this genotype. Shear force was highest for Nn/rn+ rn+ animals (3.83, 4.41, 3.79, and 3.70, respectively, SE = 0.172, P < 0.05). Gilts had less s.c. backfat thickness, greater longissimus muscle area, and lower subjective marbling scores than barrows. There was no effect (P > 0.05) of gender on other meat quality traits. This study illustrates the negative effects of the Halothane and RN genes on fresh pork quality and suggests that in combination the detrimental effects of the two genes are additive for ultimate pH, objective color, and water-holding capacity. 相似文献