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研究灯笼鱼属仔稚鱼的发育形态与分类特征,为以后相关的海洋生态调查的仔稚鱼种类鉴定提供参考资料,以相关的灯笼鱼属仔稚鱼形态与分类特征文献为依据,对1978年4—5月和8—10月太平洋中部热带水域、1979年5—6月西太平洋热带水域,1984年4—7月、1984年12月—1985年1月和1985年4—6月东海外海黑潮流域调查采集到的灯笼鱼属鱼类的仔稚鱼样品进行分类鉴定,共鉴定了栉刺灯笼鱼、闪光灯笼鱼、粗鳞灯笼鱼、斑点灯笼鱼、金焰灯笼鱼、东方灯笼鱼、钝吻灯笼鱼和灯笼鱼Myctophum sp.等8种仔稚鱼。观察和描述了其个体发育形态,并引用发光灯笼鱼、双灯灯笼鱼、粗短灯笼鱼、短颌灯笼鱼、Myctophum sp1.和Myctophum sp2.的形态特征,构建了目前全球已了解的11种灯笼鱼以及3种未定到种的Myctophum sp.、Myctophum sp1.和Myctophum sp2.仔稚鱼的种类分类检索表。观察结果显示,灯笼鱼属仔稚鱼鱼体细长,头部呈三角形、微扁,眼非圆形,眼部脉络组织发达或有发达眼柄支撑,颊部、胸鳍和鳃盖骨边缘具黑色素,消化管末端内侧或外侧色素均匀分布,两颌生有小利牙,具脂鳍,发育过程除金焰灯笼鱼外均具有发达扇形胸鳍,这是灯笼鱼属仔稚鱼共有的形态特征。金焰灯笼鱼形态特征独特,头部非常扁平,两眼眼柄非常发达,向体外两侧伸展,消化管末端游离于体外。仔稚鱼两眼前后是否具眼柄和眼部脉络组织形状,上下颌骨末端是否具黑色素,胸鳍柄和鳍条间黑色素有无,尾柄末端、脂鳍和臀鳍后缘是否具黑色素斑分布,消化道末端色素的分布等发育形态特征是该属仔稚鱼种类鉴别和分类的主要依据。 相似文献
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根据1978—1986年4—6月太平洋中部热带水域、西太平洋热带水域以及东海外海黑潮流域调查期间所采集到的缪氏暗光鱼仔稚鱼样品,结合相关的文献资料,详细描述了缪氏暗光鱼的个体发育形态,旨在丰富我国鱼类早期生活史的研究内容并为今后鱼卵、仔稚鱼种类鉴定提供参考资料。缪氏暗光鱼卵子为圆球形、无色、透明的分离浮性卵。卵子表面被有一层特殊突起状的胶质膜,卵子直径为1.29~1.82 mm,内卵膜直径为0.87~1.17 mm。胶质突起的底部在卵膜的表面呈正六角形。单一油球,直径为0.22~0.28 mm。卵黄间隙非常狭小。卵黄表面呈泡状龟裂。胚胎发育过程没有色素出现。体长2.80 mm的前期仔鱼,肛门位于体中部稍后,可数肌节17+16=33对,鱼体上无色素分布。体长为2.90 mm的前期仔鱼,眼球上开始出现黑色素细胞沉淀。体长为5.90 mm的后期仔鱼,鳔泡形成,后半部上方出现点状色素分布;体长为6.90 mm的后期仔鱼,出现2个BR发光器和2个IV2发光器。体长为8.20 mm的后期仔鱼,鱼体上星状和点状黑色素增多,出现3个BR发光器、OP3发光器和7个IV2发光器。体长10.70 mm的稚鱼,腹囊中部出现一列星状黑色素,BR发光器和IV2发光器的数量增多外又出现1个ORB发光器。体长14.00 mm的稚鱼,颅顶至尾柄有许多大小不等的星状黑色素分布,尾柄上的黑色素较为浓密,整个腹囊散布点状黑色素,又出现了OP1、OP2、5个IV1、5个OA、4个VAV、6个AC2以及6个AC3发光器,至此,发光器发育还没完全。 相似文献
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漓江中游16种常见鱼仔稚鱼形态特征初步研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
从漓江中游近岸水域采集的仔稚鱼样品中收集有代表性的仔稚鱼标本,对其形态特征及生态习性进行描述,以补充淡水鱼类早期发育资料。2014年5月至2015年2月,在漓江中游(桂林市至阳朔县段)干流及其支流近岸水域选取13处采样点,用抄网直接捞取法进行逐月采样。采集到8 254尾仔稚鱼样本,依据形态特征鉴定为16种,隶属于3目6科15属,多为外源营养期仔鱼和稚鱼且大部分为小型鱼类,优势种为高体鳑鲏、宽鳍鱲、歺又鱼、食蚊鱼。观察描述了16种鱼仔、稚鱼时期发育特征。比较宽鳍鱲与歺又鱼表明,卵黄吸尽时,宽鳍鱲肌节37对,歺又鱼肌节44(29+13)对;吻至肛门与肛门至尾鳍的长度比约为5∶1,宽鳍鱲肛门约在全长中间。比较高体鳑鲏与广西鱊表明,高体鳑鲏背鳍前部明显的黑色素斑一直持续到稚鱼时期,而广西鱊体表色素较少;高体鳑鲏稚鱼时期的体长为体高的3.5~3.8倍,而广西鱊为4.5~5.0倍。比较子陵吻虾虎鱼与溪吻虾虎鱼表明,子陵吻虾虎鱼体色较浅,溪吻虾虎鱼体色深且分布广泛,鳃盖骨下缘有红色斑点。 相似文献
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菊黄东方鲀俗称艇巴、乖鱼、菊黄、满天星等,分类上隶属鲀形目鲀科东方鲀属,主要分布于我国黄海、东海和渤海。体背面与腹面均被较强小刺,体深黄色,腹面白色,胸鳍附近体侧有一菊花状边缘的横长黑斑,位较低,大部分为胸鳍末端所掩盖。 相似文献
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平线若鲹 Caranx(Carangoidez)ferdan(Forskal)仔稚鱼的标本系1977～1978年在南海北部拖网鱼类资源调查时,用大型浮游生物网拖取的。根据仔稚鱼出现的情况看,平线若鲹的产卵期为4～6月。采到的标本最小体长3.80毫米,后头部已生有明显的单峰状枕头嵴,前鳃盖骨生有4个刺,腹部出现许多黑色素胞,腹鳍芽已长出。当体长达5.75毫米时,枕骨嵴开始退化变小,体侧的黑色素胞较前期增多。体长达6.50毫米时,枕骨嵴已消失,体侧色素胞更加浓密。 相似文献
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分析研究了2009年7月福建罗源湾鱼卵、仔稚鱼的种类组成及数量分布。共鉴定19种鱼类的鱼卵和仔稚鱼,隶属于13科。其中,鱼卵10种、仔稚鱼14种。夏季,罗源湾水平拖网鱼卵和仔稚鱼平均密度分别为1.80 ind/m3和0.54 ind/m3;垂直拖网鱼卵和仔稚鱼平均密度分别为4.11 ind/m3和2.63 ind/m3。鱼卵、仔稚鱼以鳀科数量最多,优势种类为中颌棱鳀(Thrissa mystax)和康氏小公鱼(Stolephoruscommersonli)。与历史资料相比,不但种类数减少,且优势种由多科鱼类并存向鳀科鱼类为主转变。夏季鱼卵、仔稚鱼主要分布在罗源湾中北部海域及湾口附近。 相似文献
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2003年春季东海区浮性鱼卵和仔稚鱼种类组成及数量分布 总被引：15，自引：2，他引：13
本文分析研究了2003年春季东海区(27°00′～34°00′N)150m以浅海域浮性鱼卵、仔稚鱼的种类组成及数量分布。共鉴定49种鱼类的鱼卵、仔稚鱼,其中31种鉴定到种,隶属于26科、29属。优势种类为日本鳀、方氏云鳚、太平洋鲱。带鱼、小黄鱼等经济鱼类鱼卵、仔稚鱼数量少,鲱形目鱼类鱼卵、仔稚鱼数量较多。鱼卵、仔稚鱼分布主要在近海禁渔线附近海域。 相似文献
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福建东山湾鱼卵、仔稚鱼种类组成及其丰度时空分布 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
本文根据2008年5月(春季)和8月(夏季)在东山湾(23°43 ′41″～23°52 ′05″N,117°28 ′27″～117°34′05″E)开展鱼卵、仔稚鱼的凋查资料,分析和讨论东山湾鱼卵和仔稚鱼的种类组成、丰度的时空分布状况.结果表明:本调查海区已分析鉴定的鱼卵仔稚鱼24种,其中16种鉴定到种,4种鉴定到属,4种鉴定到科,还有2种未能鉴定;春、夏两季东山湾鱼类生殖活动频繁,海区出现大量的鱼卵、仔稚鱼;鱼卵、仔稚鱼数量以脂眼鲱(Etrumeus teres)、金色小沙丁鱼(Sardinella aurita)、青鳞小沙丁鱼(Sardinella zunasi)、少鳞鱚(Sillago japonica)和白姑鱼(Argyrosomus argentatus)等经济鱼类为多;春季鱼卵密集区主要分布于东山湾中西部近岸水域,夏季鱼卵密集区分布在东山湾口塔屿附近水域;与福建其他海湾相比较,东山湾是洄游性经济鱼类重要的卵场所之一. 相似文献
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不同体色血鹦鹉鱼的色素细胞种类、数量及色素含量 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
《水产科学》2015,(8)
用显微镜观察了体长7.0~10.0cm的黑、黑黄、黄、红4种体色血鹦鹉鱼色素细胞的形态结构,用紫外分光光度计法测定了其总类胡萝卜素含量。结果显示,(1)黑色血鹦鹉鱼通体分布树突状和圆点状两种形态的黑色素细胞,内含大量黑色素颗粒,黄色素细胞较少,颜色较浅;(2)黑黄色血鹦鹉鱼体上的树突状黑色素细胞的中心胞体扩散,分枝细长,黑色素颗粒为棕色,聚集能力弱,黄色素细胞大颜色深且数量较多;(3)黄色血鹦鹉鱼体上的黑色素细胞数量很少,黄色素细胞遍体分布,颜色深,有少量圆点状的红色素细胞,形状小,颜色浅;(4)红色血鹦鹉鱼体的黑色素细胞稀少,有少量的黄色素细胞,红色素细胞遍体分布。(5)红色血鹦鹉鱼的肉、鳞片、鳍条和皮肤的类胡萝卜素含量与其他3种体色的鱼相比差异均极显著(P0.01);黑、黑黄、黄3种体色的血鹦鹉鱼的上述4个部位的类胡萝卜素含量差异均不显著(P0.05)。本试验结果为深入探究色素细胞的发育机制提供了参考。 相似文献
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D. C. Dauwalter 《Fisheries Management and Ecology》2013,20(4):289-301
Energy development threatens fish and wildlife resources worldwide. This study used constrained ordinations to show fish assemblage structure associated with oil and gas well densities in the Colorado River Basin, Wyoming, but well densities explained only 6.4% of assemblage structure when compared to other factors. Threshold Indicator Taxonomic ANalysis showed significant negative threshold responses by some species to small levels of development (<0.15 wells km?2), whereas positive thresholds were less distinct. Some native and imperilled species could be disproportionately affected if future oil and gas development proceeds in a manner that will impact aquatic resources. Although existing development has not substantially influenced regional fish assemblage structure, it appears to affect a subset of species. Understanding assemblage‐level responses to development can help land managers determine appropriate development levels, prioritise areas for monitoring associated with future development and identify where land protection measures may be needed to offset potential risks. 相似文献
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Claude E. Boyd Louis R. D'Abramo Brent D. Glencross David C. Huyben Lorenzo M. Juarez George S. Lockwood Aaron A. McNevin Albert G. J. Tacon Fabrice Teletchea Joseph R. Tomasso Jr Craig S. Tucker Wagner C. Valenti 《Journal of the World Aquaculture Society》2020,51(3):578-633
Important operational changes that have gradually been assimilated and new approaches that are developing as part of the movement toward sustainable intensive aquaculture production systems are presented via historical, current, and future perspectives. Improved environmental and economic sustainability based on increased efficiency of production continues to be realized. As a result, aquaculture continues to reduce its carbon footprint through reduced greenhouse gas emissions. Reduced use of freshwater and land resources per unit of production, improved feed management practices as well as increased knowledge of nutrient requirements, effective feed ingredients and additives, domestication of species, and new farming practices are now being applied or evaluated. Successful expansion into culture of marine species, both off and on shore, offers the potential of substantial increases in sustainable intensive aquaculture production combined with integrative efforts to increase efficiency will principally contribute to satisfying the increasing global demand for protein and food security needs. 相似文献
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A report is presented of esophagoscopy and gastroscopy in cats and dogs using flexible endoscopes. Following consideration of the basic equipment, an account is given of patient preparation and anesthesia, topography, investigation technique and normal findings. Diagnostic potential, indications and risks involved are discussed. 相似文献
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Roberto Mendoza Alfaro Carlos Aguilera González & Allyse M Ferrara 《Aquaculture Research》2008,39(7):748-763
Many lepisosteid populations in North America have declined and many are now threatened as a consequence of habitat loss and alteration and commercial and sport overfishing. Over the last two decades, morphological, histological and molecular studies allowed distinguishing between different phases of development and the nutritional condition of larvae. Ontogeny of the digestive enzymes of gar larvae indicated the possibility to feed them artificial feeds since early developmental stages. An in vitro digestibility system to test different feed ingredients has been used. Important characteristics of artificial diets were identified through different feeding experiments. Endocrinological studies showed the feasibility of altering larval development and the digestive capacity of larvae. Cloning of gar growth hormone opened new avenues to enhance growth in the gars. Plasmatic vitellogenin was isolated and purified, to develop a competitive enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay, which allowed the straightforward separation of males from females to establish appropriate proportions for reproduction and also was used to evaluate hormonal protocols to induce gonad recrudescence and spawning. This review analyzes the biology, ecology and physiology of different gar species as a basis for their domestication, mass production of larvae for repopulation experiments and for the culture of commercial‐size gar. 相似文献
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奶牛酮病发病机理研究进展 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
结合国内外目前研究状况较为详细的综述了奶牛酮病的病因与发病机理,并分析了奶牛酮病发生的生化机制。旨在对临床实践中很好的认识诊断和群体监控奶牛酮病提供较为系统的理论依据,保证奶牛群的高产和稳产,从而创造良好的经济效益。 相似文献
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本试验利用饲养试验方法,研究玉米-豆粕型日粮中添加植酸酶时不同磷水平和钙磷比对生长肥育猪血清指标和骨骼性能的影响。试验选用162头20kg左右的杜长大三元杂交猪进行2×3(磷水平×钙磷比)因子饲养试验,试验分2个阶段进行,前期为生长期体重在20-60kg,后期为肥育期体重为为60-100kg。结果表明:添加植酸酶日粮磷水平对血清磷含量和碱性磷酸酶的活性影响显著(P<0.05);钙磷比对血清钙和血清磷含量的影响显著(P<0.05);添加植酸酶日粮磷水平和钙磷比对生长肥育猪骨骼性能的影响不显著(P>0.05)。在添加植酸酶条件下,降低日粮磷水平不影响猪的正常生长发育。 相似文献
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“十一五”以来,我国农垦加快体制机制改革、结构调整和经济增长方式的转变的步伐,参与市场竞争,努力提升企业和产品竞争力,经济社会事业发展较快,对国家的贡献提升,职工收入、生活质量明显提高和改善,示范引领作用不断增强。本文针对农垦体制机制创新进展滞缓,战略定位与发展方向不明,经济增长方式转变和结构调整缺乏资本、人才、技术的支撑,没有处理好改革、发展、稳定、民生的关系,投资匮乏,发展后劲不足,人才短缺和劳动力素质低下的现状,提出在未来农垦体制机制创新中要特别关注改革方向、目标设定与评估,改革要在现行法律法规的框架内运作,改革时机的选择,处理好改革发展稳定与民生的关系,调整好内部利益分配关系,自觉融入区域经济,与地方协同发展等问题。为了促进农垦的发展,建议国家加大对农垦体制机制创新、现代农业建设、国有农场土地资源的保护、社会保障体系的完善等财政和政策的支持力度。 相似文献
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Abstract Catch composition, relative abundance and diversity of fish catches in open access and three old fisheries closures were compared and contrasted with previous ecological studies. There was less variation in catch community composition among the fishing grounds than the closures, suggesting that fishing has homogenised catch composition. The trap survey found that some parrotfish [ Leptoscarus vaigiensis (Quoy &Gaimard), Calotomus carolinus (Valenciennes) and Scarus ghobban Forsskål] were relatively more common and that some important predators of macro-invertebrates [ Balistapus undulatus (Mungo Park) and Cheilinus chlorourus (Bloch)] were less common in the fishing grounds than closures. Unexpectedly, and in contrast to visual census results, cumulative number of species in catch surveys was higher in open access than closures sites. This may result from fishers covering more area and habitat or a reduction in the catch of competitively subordinate and rare species by aggressive, early-caught fish that can dominate bait. Comparisons of ecological visual census surveys and fisheries-dependent methods indicated that small differences in catch composition can reflect larger ecological differences and that baiting methods can underestimate biodiversity. Ecological impacts of fishing and large-scale changes in marine ecosystems must be considerable given the many fisheries-dependent assessments report modest changes. 相似文献
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温度与盐度对老年低额蚤和蚤状蚤生长及生殖的影响王丹丽，李明云，杨天勇，胡章（宁波大学，３１５０１０）关键词老年低额 ，蚤状 ，温度，盐度，生长，生殖ＥＦＦＥＣＴＳＯＦＴＥＭＰＥＲＡＴＵＲＥＡＮＤＳＡＬＩＮＩＴＹＯＮＧＲＯＷＴＨＡＮＤＲＥＰＲＯＤＵＣＴ... 相似文献