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该文报道了西南地区麻疯树人工林中危害叶、花、果实和根的22种有害生物种类及其危害分布。麻疯树柄细蛾Stomphastis thraustica Meyrick、麻疯树蛀梢斑螟Oncocera faecella Zeller、蓖麻夜蛾Achaea janata Linnaeus、丽盾蝽Chrysocoris grandis Thunberg、长盾蝽Scutellera perplexa Westwood、绿鳞象甲Hypomeces squamosus Fabricius、堆蜡粉蚧Nipaecoccus vastator Maskell、黑翅土白蚁Odontotermes fomosanus Shiraki、烂皮病Phomasp.、白粉病Oidium monilioides Nees、灰霉病Botrytis cinerea Pers、麻疯树叶褐斑病Cercospora malloti Ell.、麻疯树枝枯病普遍发生,麻疯树柄细蛾、麻疯树蛀梢斑螟在1~3 a生人工林危害较重,灰霉病在苗圃危害较重,黑翅土白蚁、烂皮病在个别林分已引起少数树株死亡;麻疯树枝枯病在个别林分引起树株枯死率最高达85%,是麻疯树人工林最危险的有害生物种类。通过室内和林间试验初步提出了主要有害生物的化学控灾技术。 相似文献
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近年来,白蚁在山地板栗园中的发生与危害呈上升趋势,尤其是山地栗园危害就更加严重。有的幼林栗园危害程度25%一45%,成林栗园危害程度在30%—55%,老龄栗园的老树、空心树危害程度达到70%以上;轻者造成栗树枝叶萎黄,影响生长;重者造成枝干枯萎,易被风吹折断,甚至整株死亡。危害板栗的白蚁主要有黑翅土白蚁、黄翅大白蚁还有台湾乳白蚁三种。黑翅土白蚁和黄翅大白蚁一般先危害树干表皮,木栓层,后期再逐步向木质部深入,一般黄翅大白蚁蛀蚀比黑翅土白蚁更深。台湾乳白蚁(家白蚁)是明显的社会性昆虫,主要危害老龄栗树根部、髓部已经枯死老化的木纤… 相似文献
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文章简要论述了黑翅土白蚁的形态特征和主要生活习性,对黑翅土白蚁的危害进行了阐述,提出了桉树林黑翅土白蚁有效治理技术,以供参考. 相似文献
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干热河谷地区麻疯树种植基地土垅大白蚁防治 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
试验调查了云南省双江县小黑江麻疯树良种繁育示范基地野外土垅大白蚁 Macrotermes annandalei(Silvestri)危害麻疯树Jatropha curcas Linn.的情况.发现实生苗白蚁危害株率低于扦插苗,白蚁危害率与苗木的初植高度成指数负相关关系,与苗木感病率成指数正相关关系.采用杀螟丹、辛硫磷和高效氯氰菊酯以3种施药方法进行白蚁和病虫害综合防治田间试验,结果表明:各处理均有效,3%杀螟丹粉剂根施效果最好.基于上述调查和试验结果,提出白蚁防治建议. 相似文献
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林地土栖白蚁的危害与防治 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
在武平危害林木的土栖白蚁主要是黑翅土白蚁、黄翅大白蚁.其分布广泛,危害120多种林木,尤其对新造的幼林危害更甚.近几年武平县林地土栖白蚁的发生和危害呈上升趋势,严重威胁林木生长,为抑制其危害,采用林地上施放白蚁诱杀包,灯光诱杀有翅繁殖蚁,化学药剂防治,人工挖巢灭蚁等方法进行防治,取得了一定的效果. 相似文献
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Kari HELIVAARA 《中国林学(英文版)》2009,(1)
The population density and distribution of the three major boring pests,Holcocerus artemisiae,Sphenoptera sp.and Adosopius sp.were studied in their host plant Artemisia ordosica.Results show that the larvae of H.artemisiae mainly bore the rhizome of A.ordosica,but also the larvae of Sphenoptera sp.and Adosopius sp.bore the rhizome of A.ordosica.The adults of Sphenoptera sp.and Adosopius sp.feed on the leaves of A.ordosica as a nutritional supplement.The distribution of the larvae of three pests in their hos... 相似文献
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中国红树林的害虫种类及其综合防治 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
通过查阅文献资料,共统计中国红树林害虫128种,隶属2纲7目55科,其中以鳞翅目、半翅目昆虫为主,分别占总数的52.4%和26.6%。危害无瓣海桑Sonneratia apetala、桐花树Aegiceras corniculatum、秋茄Kandelia obovata、白骨壤Avicennia marina、海桑Sonneratia caseolaris的害虫分别有45种、45种、37种、32种和20种。广东红树林害虫种类最多,共95种;广西其次,49种。鳞翅目害虫主要包括海榄雌瘤斑螟Acrobasis sp.、桐花树毛颚小卷蛾Lasiognatha cellifera Meyrick、棉古毒蛾Orgyia postica Walker、蜡彩袋蛾Chalia larminati Heylaerts、丽绿刺蛾Latoia lepida Cramer等,多以幼虫取食为害;半翅目害虫主要有考氏白盾蚧Pseudaulacaspis cockerelli(Cooley)、广翅蜡蝉Ricania sp.等,以幼虫、成虫吸食植物汁液为害。在害虫的综合防治中,以生物防治为主,如利用寄生蜂、苏云金杆菌、白僵菌、捕食性天敌和生物制剂等进行防治,结合物理防治可以提升防治效果。同时,探讨分析了红树林虫害暴发的原因和机制。 相似文献
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Shi-xiang Zong You-qing Luo Ya-qin Cui Jian-wei Wang Wei Yan Ai-jie Liu Heliövaara Kari 《中国林学(英文版)》2009,11(1):24-27
The population density and distribution of the three major boring pests, Holcocerus artemisiae, Sphenoptera sp. and Adosopius sp. were studied in their host plant Artemisia ordosica. Results show that the larvae of H. artemisiae mainly bore the rhizome of A. ordosica, but also the larvae of Sphenoptera sp. and Adosopius sp. bore the rhizome of A. tordosica. The adults of Sphenoptera sp. and Adosopius sp. feed on the leaves of A. ordosica as a nutritional supplement. The distribution of the larvae of three pests in their host plant is completely different. H. artemisiae and Sphenoptera sp. are distributed in the whole A. ordosica plant. The newly hatched larvae first feed on the phloem and xylem of stem and then burrow to the roots before the winter
of the same year. However, Adosopius sp. is distributed mainly in the roots. The newly hatched larvae move from the phloem to the xylem, and gradually damage
the lower part of the trunk. The larvae of the three pests sometimes coexist in a single A. ordosica plant. However, the probability of the coexistence of the three pests is very small. The highest probability of coexistence
of two pests was observed in Sphenoptera sp. and H. artemisiae, while the probability of coexistence of Sphenoptera sp. and Adosopius sp. as well as H. artemisiae and Adosopius sp. was smaller. The reasons for coexistence or its avoidance are not only related to the amount of food provided nor the
volume of larval living space in a single A. ordosica plant, but also related to the development characteristics of different kinds of larvae and interspecific competition. 相似文献
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2009～2011年,采用平行取样法,在广西钦州康熙岭红树林自然保护区无瓣海桑纯林内,对无瓣海桑主要害虫及其寄生性天敌进行调查,分叶部、枝梢及蛀干害虫,按轻、中、重3级划分危害程度,结果表明,在研究地调查收集到无瓣海桑害虫种类共4目13科21种,其中绿黄枯叶蛾、木麻黄枯叶蛾、迹斑绿刺蛾、白囊袋蛾和荔枝茸毒蛾是无瓣海桑的主要害虫,均为食叶类害虫。并收集了危害无瓣海桑较严重的绿黄枯叶蛾及木麻黄枯叶蛾的寄生性天敌,共2目4科8种,其中绿黄枯叶蛾卵的寄生蜂,寄生率达67.3%。因此,保护和利用天敌是无瓣海桑害虫防治的有效方法。 相似文献
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本文分别记述云南省澳洲坚果主要害虫:坚果环蛀蝙蛾、荔枝异形小卷蛾、柑橘二叉蚜、网纹盔蚧、大蓑蛾、咖啡豹蠹蛾、弧星黄毒蛾、网纹红带蓟马等的生物学特性及其有效的防治技术措施。 相似文献
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