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1.
稻瘟病菌致病性遗传研究初报——云南省稻瘟病菌有性世代研究之五 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
本文报道龙爪稷分离菌G10-1马水稻分离菌后代菌性2145-R-57-1交配产生的同一子囊中分离出的子囊孢子致病性及交配型分离情况.交配型分离比1:1;但致病性分离情况比较复杂.很多子囊孢子菌株失去亲本菌株对供试水稻和龙爪稷的致病性,少数菌株获得亲本菌株所没有的致病性.对稻瘟病菌致病性的遗传尚需作大量分析工作. 相似文献
2.
稻瘟菌株CH63和TH16杂交后代毒性变异及其无毒基因组成 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
报道了两个稻瘟菌株CH63和TH16的杂交后代在36个水稻品种上的致病性分离、遗传分析以及无毒基因组成的分析结果。78个子囊孢子菌株中呈现显著的致病性分离，共出现71种致病类型，在不同品种上分别出现1∶1、1∶3、3∶1、1∶7、1∶15和15∶1等的无毒性/毒性分离，表明供试菌株对不同品种的无毒性/毒性是一个或多个基因控制的。遗传学分析结果表明，亲本菌株对不同品种的无毒性/毒性控制存在多种类型。菌株CH63对品种K 59(Pi-t)、中98－18、特特普、T 641、C 102 TTP(Pi-4)、C 101 TTP 6、E No.11、农虎6号、C 101 PKT(Pi-4a)、C 105 TTP-1(Pi-4)、中156 和中98－19分别持有1个无毒基因；对品种1461选、6392选、麻谷泰引1号、Lemont、宫崎7号、Vandana、长香稻、青珍8号和珍优3号分别持有2个无毒基因；对于品种草笛（Pi-k）、品种20中－1 、C 104 LAC(Pi-1)、C 103 TTP(Pi-1+1b)、K 3(Pi-kh)、梅雨明 (Pi-km)和东农363分别持有2个以上无毒基因；亲本菌株对于品种四丰43、珍龙13、C101LAC和20中－2分别持有2个无毒基因，关东51、欧244持有2个以上的无毒基因，但因亲本菌株对品种的致病型一致，难以判断控制菌株对品种非亲和性的基因来源。 相似文献
3.
《农业科学学报》2017,(10)
Genome dynamics of pathogenic organisms are driven by plant host and pathogenic organism co-evolution,in which pathogen genomes are used to overcome stresses imposed by hosts with various genetic backgrounds through generation of a range of field isolates. This model also applies to the rice host and its fungal pathogen Magnaporthe oryzae. To better understand genetic variation of M. oryzae in nature,the field isolate V86010 from the Philippines was sequenced and analyzed. Genome annotation found that the assembled V86010 genome was composed of 1 931 scaffolds with a combined length of 38.9 Mb. The average GC ratio is 51.3% and repetitive elements constitute 5.1% of the genome. A total of 11 857 genes including 616 effector protein genes were predicted using a combined analysis pipeline. All predicted genes and effector protein genes of isolate V86010 distribute on the eight chromosomes when aligned with the assembled genome of isolate 70-15. Effector protein genes are located disproportionately at several chromosomal ends. The Pot2 elements are abundant in V86010. Seven V86010-specific effector proteins were found to suppress programmed cell death induced by BAX in tobacco leaves using an Agrobacterium-mediated transient assay. Our results may provide useful information for further study of the molecular and genomic dynamics in the evolution of M. oryzae and rice host interactions,and for characterizing novel effectors and AVR genes in the rice blast pathogen. 相似文献
4.
水稻稻瘟病病菌研究进展 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
稻瘟病菌（Phyricularia grisea （Cooke） Sacc.）是全球水稻产区最为流行、最具有破坏性的病原体,也是研究病原菌和寄主互作的主要模式病原菌。世界各国科学家对稻瘟病菌全面系统地进行了研究。就稻瘟病菌致病性分化、致病性和遗传宗谱的关系、稻瘟病菌功能基因和基因组的研究进行了归纳论述。 相似文献
5.
为了研究水稻籼粳杂种偏分离的遗传基础,用转化红色荧光蛋白(RFP)的7个粳稻株系与籼稻杂交,以整合在不同基因组位点的RFP为可视遗传标记,对F1花粉及F2植株进行遗传分析。根据‘7F5’转基因系的研究结果,在粳稻‘日本晴’和籼稻‘9311’杂交的遗传背景中,水稻基因组chr02:33465170位置附近存在一个花粉偏分离位点。‘9A2’转基因系组配的籼粳杂种产生1∶1(RFP+∶RFP-)比例的花粉,并且其F2植株群体发生偏分离,说明相应RFP位点(chr04:29587748)附近有一个控制F2植株偏分离的连锁位点,该位点的遗传机制与F1的花粉比例无关。RFP标记提高了籼粳杂种花粉及后代植株的研究效率,为探索偏分离遗传机理提供了新的研究手段。 相似文献
6.
福建省水稻纹枯病菌的致病力及遗传多样性分析 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
为了解水稻纹枯病菌群体遗传结构,对福建省三明、龙岩、福州三地区以及广东、黑龙江和辽宁等省的35个水稻纹枯病菌菌株生长速率、致病力进行了比较并进行了RAPD分析。结果表明,供试水稻纹枯病菌群体存在丰富的遗传多样性;RAPD分析将不同地理来源的菌株聚为遗传相近的一类;分析还发现,在群体水平菌丝生长速率与致病力存在一定的相关性,生长速率快,其群体致病力强;对福建省内稻区间的分析发现,来自三明的纹枯病菌群体生长速率和致病力最高,龙岩次之,福州最低。 相似文献
7.
近几年来,由介体灰飞虱传播的水稻条纹叶枯病是云南滇西及滇中地区水稻上的主要病害,对水稻的生产造成很大的损失,为此,笔者采用生物学接种方法开展了云南水稻主栽品种对条纹叶枯病的抗性鉴定及RSV致病性分化分析。供试的12个水稻品种对水稻条纹病毒的抗性鉴定结果表明,部分粳稻品种对RSV表现为高感,而籼稻品种则多表现为抗病或免疫。采自重病区的5个RSV分离物在水稻上的致病性分化不明显,致病性的强弱主要体现在对小麦和玉米等的侵染差异,为此可以将5个RSV分离物分为3组,但组内分离物之间致病性又有所不同,致病性最强为楚雄分离物,其次为保山、大理、禄劝分离物,致病性最弱为陆良分离物。 相似文献
8.
安徽省水稻纹枯病菌致病力分化与遗传多样性 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
对分离自安徽省7个县(市)的32株水稻纹枯病立枯丝核菌在5个鉴别寄主上进行了致病力测定,分析了其遗传多样性。结果表明,水稻纹枯病菌各菌株间的致病力存在显著差异,安徽省水稻纹枯病菌中大多数为中等致病力。对这些菌株进行RAPD分析,结果显示,DNA多态率达98.2%,遗传相似性系数在0.62～0.84之间,表明水稻纹枯病菌遗传分化较大,群体结构多样性较丰富。在相似系数为0.653时,所有菌株可聚合为4类,聚合类型与菌株的地理来源相一致,菌株的致病力与RAPD聚类分析结果无相关性。 相似文献
9.
Yongshan Fan Jifang Ma Xiumei Gui Xinlong An Shuqin Sun Jingao Dong 《Frontiers of Agriculture in China》2007,1(4):368-376
Mature ascocarps and ascospores in the heterothallic ascomycete fungus, Setosphaeria turcica, were successfully produced in Sach’s medium with barley culm as the mating stimulator after four weeks’ coincubation of
two opposite mating type isolates at 25°C in darkness. A single isolate could not produce ascospores or ascocarps. The ascocarps
were produced on the exposed surface and embedded parts of barley culm or in the upper layer of the medium. The asci linked
themselves to ascocarp with their short handles and assembled at the bottom of the ascocarp. Many asci had four to six colorless
mature ascospores with one to six septa. But asci with eight ascospores were also found. Using isolate 9914 and isolate 9961
as standard testers for mating types (MAT1 and MAT2), respectively, 94 isolates of S. turcica collected from northern China in 1999, 2003, and 2004 were grouped into three mating types: MAT1 (53 isolates), MAT2 (31
isolates) and MAT12 (10 isolates). The MAT12 isolates, which were first found in China, were compatible with not only MAT1
isolates but also MAT2 isolates. No MAT12 isolates were found in 1999, but 2 MAT12 isolates and 8 MAT12 isolates were found
in 2001 and 2003, respectively. The geographic distribution of different mating types was unequal among locations. Generally
the frequency of MAT1 was significantly higher than that of MAT2 and MAT12. The unequal distribution of mating types suggested
a low frequency of genetic recombination. The pathogenicity of different mating type isolates was tested on the susceptible
corn inbred B37 and the results revealed that the disease latency period, disease incidence, lesion area and conidia production
were not significantly different among the three mating type groups. However, the pathogenicity of the progeny isolates of
isolate 99-12 (MAT2, race 1) and isolate 99-15 (MAT1, race 0) was significantly different from the parent isolates, isolate
99-12 and isolate 99-15, suggesting that sexual recombination could cause significantly virulence variation in S. turcica. Random amplification of polymorphic DNA (RAPD) analysis also revealed high genotype diversity among the progeny isolates,
indicating that the sexual recombination could also produce significant genetic variation in the fungal pathogen. 相似文献
10.
13种植物丝核菌对水稻、甜玉米、黄瓜和甘蓝的交互致病性 总被引：4，自引：2，他引：2
从13种植物上分离得到58个丝核菌(Rhizoctonia spp.)菌株,在确定其种类和融合群的情况下,将所有供试菌株分别接种于水稻(Oryza sativa L)、甜玉米(Zea mays var.saccharata)、黄瓜(Cucumis sativus)及甘蓝(Brassica capitata)上,测定其致病性.结果表明:从玉米(Zea mays)和甜玉米上分离得到的菌株(大部分归属于AG-1)的致病力最强;其次为其它植物上分离的菌株(归属于AG-4),其致病力属于中等;从其它植物上分离得到的、归属于其它融合群及非立枯丝核菌的菌株的致病力最弱. 相似文献
11.
云南高原粳稻区白叶枯病菌致病型鉴定及主栽品种抗性反应初析 总被引：7，自引：0，他引：7
从云南高原粳稻区采集分离36份白叶枯病菌株，在包括初步选定的7个高原粳稻白叶枯病菌鉴别品种（毫糯扬、TN1、黄玉、珍珠矮、IR26、南粳33、金南风）在内的29个水稻品种上测定致病型，进一步明确了这7个鉴别品种的有效性。发现菌株与品种之间具有交叉互作反应，菌株与品种之间存在质的特异性互作关系;利用这套鉴别品种可将36个菌株划分为9个致病型，其中Ⅴ型菌为优势菌群，Ⅶ型菌为毒性菌群。云南高原粳稻区的主栽品种多数感病。稻种资源IRBB21（Xa-21）、扎昌龙（Xa-22t，Xa-24t）、IR1545-339(xa-5)对所有参试菌株均表现抗病，在云南高原粳稻育种中具有较好的利用价值。 相似文献
12.
YU Teng-qiong LIANG Bin YE Chang-rong XU Fu-rong TANG Cui-feng MAO Xiao-qiang DAI Lu-yuan 《中国农业科学(英文版)》2006,5(4):299-306
The pathogenicity of 36 isolates of Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae （Xoo）, which were collected from japonica rice varieties in the Yunnan Plateau, China, was evaluated. It was evaluated on 29 rice varieties including a set of seven varieties to identify pathogenicity, i.e., Haonuoyang, TN1, Kogyoku, Zhenzhu＇ai, IR26, Nanjing 33, and Kinmaze, which may be considered as a set of differential varieties for Xoo races from Yunnan japonica rice. The efficiency of the seven varieties was further confirmed. The results showed reversible and specific interactions between isolates and varieties. The isolates were classified into nine pathotypes from pathotyp Ⅰ to Ⅸ according to their pathogenic reactions on the seven rice varieties. The pathotype V was the epidemic, whereas pathogen Ⅶ was the most pathogenic. Most japonica varieties grown in the Yunnan Plateau were susceptible to Xoo. The rice lines IRBB21 （Xa-21）, Zhachanglong （Xa-22,, Xa- 24,）, and IR1545-339 （xa-5）, which were resistant to all the isolates tested, can be used as donors of resistant genes for bacterial blight in japonica rice breeding in the Yunnan Plateau. 相似文献
13.
Blast-Resistance Inheritance of Space-Induced Rice Lines and Their Genomic Polymorphism by Microsatellite Markers 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
XIAO Wu-ming YANG Qi-yun CHEN Zhi-qiang WANG Hui GUO Tao LIU Yong-zhu ZHU Xiao-yuan 《中国农业科学(英文版)》2009,8(4):387-393
To understand the resistance inheritance basis of space-induced rice lines to blast, and to probe mutants＇ genomic DNA polymorphism compared with ground control by microsatellite markers, three space-induced lines were crossed with a highly susceptible variety LTH, and their F1 and F2 populations were inoculated by two representative blast isolates with broad pathogenicity to analyze their resistance inheritance basis. Meanwhile three mutant lines and the ground control were analyzed by 225 rice SSR （simple sequence repeat） primer pairs selected throughout the 12 chromosomes of whole rice genome, to scan the mutagenesis in genome of the mutant lines. The results indicated the blast-resistant genes harbored in these mutant lines were dominant. It was demonstrated that the resistance of mutant H1 to isolate GD0193 and GD3286 was controlled by a single gene, respectively; while mutants H2 and H3 were controlled by two pairs of major genes against isolate GD3286 and H2 showed complicated genetic mechanism to isolate GD0193. H3＇s resistance to isolate GD0193 was verified to be controlled by a single gene. According to the results of SSR analysis, three mutant lines showed different mutant rates as compared with the ground control, and the mutant rates also varied. Resistance genes can be induced from rice by space mutation, and different genomic variations were detected in blast-resistant lines. 相似文献
14.
江西省稻瘟病菌的无毒基因分析 总被引：5，自引：1，他引：4
以30个水稻抗稻瘟病近等基因系或单基因系为材料,在水稻苗期接种,测定来自江西省水稻产区195个稻瘟病菌单孢菌株的致病性。结果表明,江西省稻瘟病菌群体含有29个与测试抗病基因相对应的无毒基因,但未检测到无毒基因Avr-a(2),其中60.00%菌株表现出强致病性。病菌群体对抗瘟基因Pi-zt,Pi-1(1),Pi-z5和Pi-k表现出较低的毒力频率,表明这些抗瘟基因在江西省可作抗源单独或聚会使用。2006-2008年江西省稻瘟病菌群体中分别出现了24,27,29个无毒基因,其中有24个无毒基因在各年份均有分布,Avr-a(1),Avr-a(2),Avr-i,Avr-ks(1),Avr-ks(2),Avr-ta,Avr-b,Avr-t,Avr-sh(2),Avr-km,Avr-ta(C),Avr-ta2,Avr-kp(C),Avr-b(C),Avr-3(1)和Avr-5(t)等16个无毒基因的出现频率均低于30%,提示在江西省内与之相对应的抗瘟基因在抗稻瘟病育种中应慎用。江西省稻瘟病菌单孢菌株无毒基因组合数目为0～18个,数字相对较小。 相似文献
15.
由稻瘟菌[Magnaporthegrisea(Herbert)Barr,无性世代为Pyriculariagrisea(Cooke)Saccardo=PyriculariaoryzaeCavara]引起的稻瘟病是水稻最严重的真菌病害之一,每年给水稻生产带来重大的经济损失。稻瘟菌与水稻的互作符合基因对基因关系,现已被作为模式系统用于研究病原微生物-植物寄主的互作机理。稻瘟菌致病分子机制的研究不仅为病害的防治奠定理论基础,也为其它植物病原真菌的研究提供借鉴。本文对稻瘟菌侵染结构附着胞分化的相关基因研究进展进行综述。 相似文献
16.
水稻白叶枯病(bacterial blight,BB)是我国水稻上的重要病害之一。本文简要概述了我国水稻白叶枯病发生现状,总结了病菌与水稻互作中亲和与非亲和性的决定因子,归纳了水稻感病性和抗病性基因的类型,并对白叶枯病抗性丧失的原因进行了分析,指出防控我国水稻白叶枯病应针对性加强水稻抗性育种工作,并提出了抗性育种以及生产上抗性品种布局中应该注意的问题。 相似文献
17.
分子生物学技术的介入使稻瘟病菌遗传规律的研究得到迅速发展，人们已经建立了稻瘟病菌的遗传转化体系，构建其遗传图谱并克隆了数种与致病性有关的基因，同时利用重复ＤＮＡ序列从分子水平上对病菌的群体遗传学进行了研究．稻瘟病菌分子遗传学研究的进一步发展，将有利于揭示病菌的致病机理并为病害的防治提供新的思路和手段 相似文献
18.
稻瘟病菌二个无毒基因的初步分析 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
分析了2个稻瘟病田间采集菌株Y95-223和Y94-64的杂交后代的54个菌株对合系35号、楚粳3号及日本鉴别品种新2号、梅雨明、PiNo.4和K60共11个水稻品种致病性测定结果。结果表明:陆稻菌株Y94-64对合系35号、楚粳3号、PiNo.4分别持有2个无毒基因,对新2号、K60分别持有一个无毒基因;菌株Y95-223对梅雨明持有一个无毒基因,因为Y95-223对梅雨明不致病,Y94-64对它致病,而杂交后代非致病菌株与致病菌株比为1∶1． 相似文献
19.
The filamentous fungal ascomycete Colletotrichum magna causes anthracnose in cucurbit plants. Isolation of a nonpathogenic mutant of this species (path-1) resulted in maintained wild-type levels of in vitro sporulation, spore adhesion, appressorial formation, and infection. Path-1 grew throughout host tissues as an endophyte and retained the wild-type host range, which indicates that the genetics involved in pathogenicity and host specificity are distinct. Prior infection with path-1 protected plants from disease caused by Colletotrichum and Fusarium.Genetic analysis of a cross between path-1 and wild-type strains indicated mutation of a single locus. 相似文献