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《中国家禽》2021,(6)
马立克氏病(Marek's disease,MD)是由马立克氏病病毒(Marek's disease virus,MDV)引起的鸡的淋巴细胞增生性肿瘤疾病,主要以侵染外周神经系统和内脏器官为主。先天性免疫是机体抵御病毒的第一道防线,病毒入侵后机体会迅速募集免疫细胞同时诱导产生干扰素(Interferon,IFN)和其他细胞因子抑制病毒的复制,其中Ⅰ型IFN在先天性免疫中发挥重要的抗病毒免疫作用。MDV在不断的进化过程中产生了多种免疫逃避机制,过去十年的研究发现越来越多的MDV蛋白参与调控Ⅰ型IFN信号通路。文章从Ⅰ型IFN产生的级联反应机制、MDV及与之亲缘关系相近的疱疹病毒蛋白调控Ⅰ型IFN表达的信号通路等方面进行综述,旨在帮助研究人员更好地理解MDV逃避宿主抗病毒天然免疫应答的分子机制,为更深入的研究开拓新思路。 相似文献
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中药在治疗病毒性疾病方面具有独特效果,不仅能直接作用于病毒,还能通过调节机体免疫功能抑制病毒复制、阻止病毒致细胞病变、改善临床症状,且毒副作用小、药源丰富、价格低廉。病毒性疾病是犬、猫的健康危害最大的传染病,主要有犬瘟热、 相似文献
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Chicken type I interferons (type I IFNs) are key antiviral players of the chicken immune system and mediate the first line of defense against viral pathogens infecting the avian species. Recognition of viral pathogens by specific pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) induce chicken type I IFNs expression followed by their subsequent interaction to IFN receptors and induction of a variety of IFN stimulated antiviral proteins. These antiviral effectors establish the antiviral state in neighboring cells and thus protect the host from infection. Three subtypes of chicken type I IFNs; chIFN-α, chIFN-β, and a recently discovered chIFN-κ have been identified and characterized in chicken. Chicken type I IFNs are activated by various host cell pathways and constitute a major antiviral innate defense in chicken. This review will help to understand the chicken type 1 IFNs, host cellular pathways that are involved in activation of chicken type I IFNs and IFN stimulated antiviral effectors along with the gaps in knowledge which will be important for future investigation. These findings will help us to comprehend the role of chicken type I IFNs and to develop different strategies for controlling viral infection in poultry. 相似文献
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Replication of feline infectious peritonitis virus (FIPV) in feline cell cultures was inhibited after incubation of cells with either human recombinant leukocyte (alpha) interferon (IFN) or feline fibroblastic (beta) IFN for 18 to 24 hours before viral challenge exposure. Compared with virus control cultures, FIPV yields were reduced by ranges of 0.1 to 2.7 log10 or 2 to 5.2 log10 TCID50 in cultures treated with human alpha- or feline beta-IFN, respectively; yield reductions were IFN dose dependent. Sensitivity to the antiviral activities of IFN varied with cell type; feline embryo cells had greater FIPV yield reductions than did similarly treated feline kidney or feline lung cells. Comparison of the virus growth curves in IFN-treated and virus control cultures indicated marked reduction in intracellular and extracellular FIPV in IFN-treated cultures. Compared with virus control cultures, intracellular and extracellular infectivity in IFN-treated cultures was delayed in onset by 12 and 30 hours, respectively, and FIPV titers subsequently were reduced by 3 to 3.5 and 5 log10 TCID50, respectively. Frequently, immunofluorescent and electron microscopy of IFN-treated cells or cell culture fluids did not reveal virus; however, even in cultures without viral cytopathic changes, small amounts of virus occasionally persisted in cells. 相似文献
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Omatsu T Bak EJ Ishii Y Kyuwa S Tohya Y Akashi H Yoshikawa Y 《Veterinary immunology and immunopathology》2008,124(1-2):169-176
Bats are considered to be natural reservoirs for several viruses of clinical importance, including rabies virus, Nipah virus, and Hendra virus. Type I interferons (IFNs) is an important part of the immune system in the defense against viral infection. To investigate the function of type I IFNs upon viral infection in bats, the nucleic acid, and amino acid sequences of Egyptian Rousette (Rousettus aegyptiacus) IFN-alpha and -beta were characterized. Sequence data indicated that bat IFN-alpha consists of 562-bp encoded 187-aa, and IFN-beta consisted of 558-bp encoded 186-aa. Phylogenetic analysis of the overall identity of IFN-beta shared the highest sequence homology with pig IFN-beta in both nucleotide and amino acid level. Stimulation of bat primary kidney cells (BPKCs) and bat lung cell lines, Tb-1 Lu, with polyinosinic-polycytidylic acid (poly(I:C)) or exogenous bat type I IFNs resulted in increased type I IFNs mRNA expression in BPKCs, but not in Tb-1 Lu. Characterization of the bat IFN-alpha and -beta genes allows understanding of the immune responses upon stimulation in different tissues, thus providing practical strategies for control and treatment of clinically important diseases. These results are important especially for the virus infection, and suggest that future molecular studies on virus infection experiment of bats in vitro will require careful consideration of the differences of type I IFN expression patterns in different cell types. 相似文献
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Park HJ Park JS Hayek MG Reinhart GA Chew BP 《Veterinary immunology and immunopathology》2011,143(3-4):301-306
Type-I interferons (IFNs) are cytokines that have non-specific antiviral activity, participating mostly in innate defense mechanisms. Their administration has been proposed to treat several viral and immunomediated diseases as an immunomodulatory therapy. Due to its availability, recombinant human interferon-alpha (rHuIFN-α) has been studied in relation to feline retrovirosis, both in vitro and in vivo. However, IFNs are species-specific and antibodies have been shown to develop in response to the high rHuIFN-α doses necessary for an effective therapy. A recombinant feline IFN has been developed, which has been characterized as interferon-omega (rFeIFN-ω), designed to overcome these problems. Nonetheless, very few studies have been undertaken to evaluate its efficacy in cats naturally infected with FIV or FeLV. In an initial study, we here demonstrated that rFeIFN-ω can dramatically improve the clinical condition of infected cats, and induce improvement of hematologic parameters. Minor changes or no change was observed for hypergammaglobulinemia, CD4/CD8 ratio, proviral load, viremia and RT activity, suggesting that the overall effect of IFN was on innate immunity. More studies are needed in order to better understand its in vivo mechanisms. 相似文献
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Zhengxuan ZHOU Jiacui XU Zhanjun LI Yan LV Shanli WU Huanmin ZHANG Yu SONG Yongxing AI 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2022,84(1):102
Among many of the pathogens, virus is the main cause of diseases in livestock and poultry. A host infected with the virus triggers a series of innate and adaptive immunity. The realization of innate immune responses involves the participation of a series of protein molecules in host cells, including receptors, signal molecules and antiviral molecules. Post-translational modification of cellular proteins by ubiquitin regulates numerous cellular processes, including innate immune responses. Ubiquitin-mediated control over these processes can be reversed by cellular or viral deubiquitinases (DUBs). DUBs have now been identified in diverse viral lineages, and their characterization is providing valuable insights into virus biology and the role of the ubiquitin system in host antiviral mechanisms. In this review, we briefly introduce the mechanisms of ubiquitination and deubiquitination, present antiviral innate immune response and its regulation by ubiquitin, and summarize the prevalence of DUBs encoded by viruses (Arteriviridae, Asfarviridae, Nairoviridae, Coronaviridae, Herpesviridae, and Picornaviridae) infecting domestic animals and poultry. It is found that these DUBs suppress the innate immune responses mainly by affecting the production of type I interferon (IFN), which causes immune evasion of the viruses and promotes their replication. These findings have important reference significance for understanding the virulence and immune evasion mechanisms of the relevant viruses, and thus for the development of more effective prevention and treatment measures. 相似文献
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Cloning,expression, purification,and biological activity of five feline type I interferons 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Wonderling R Powell T Baldwin S Morales T Snyder S Keiser K Hunter S Best E McDermott MJ Milhausen M 《Veterinary immunology and immunopathology》2002,89(1-2):13-27
Type I interferons (IFN) are important mediators of the host defense against viral infections in mammals. In humans multiple subtypes of IFN-alpha exist, most of which possess antiviral activity. Little is known about the type I IFN genes in cats and the role they may play in feline immunological responses to viruses. We have isolated cDNAs encoding five feline IFN-alpha (feIFN) subtypes that share from 95 to 99% amino acid sequence identity. FeIFN-alpha5 has five additional amino acids inserted at position 139, which are not present in the other four subtypes. Sequence identity of the feIFN proteins encoded by the five clones compared to human IFN-alpha2 is approximately 60%. Unlike most of the human subtypes, each of the five feline IFN sequences has an N-glycosylation recognition site. Expression of all five feIFN-alpha subtypes in Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells was confirmed by Western blot analysis, and all resulting proteins were glycosylated. The antiviral activity of each feIFN-alpha subtype produced in transiently transfected CHO cell cultures was tested in vitro. In addition, subtype feIFN-alpha6 was expressed in the yeast, Pichia pastoris. The resulting secreted mature recombinant protein was purified and demonstrated significant antiviral activity and induction of 2',5'-oligoadenylate synthetase activity in vitro. 相似文献
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Kawai T Kase T Suzuki Y Eda S Sakamoto T Ohtani K Wakamiya N 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2007,69(2):221-224
Mannan-binding lectin (MBL) and bovine conglutinin (BKg) belong to the collectin family, which is involved in first-line host defense against various infectious agents. We have previously reported that human MBL inhibited type A influenza viral hemagglutination, infection and spreading to adjacent cells without complement activation. In this study, we investigated the direct antiviral activities of bovine MBL, rabbit MBL and BKg. All collectins used in this study inhibited viral infectivity and hemagglutination at concentrations of 0.02-0.3 microg/ml. They also demonstrated inhibitory activity against viral spreading. Like human MBL, bovine MBL and BKg showed antiviral activities at their physiological concentrations. These results suggest that mammalian MBLs and BKg may inhibit the spread of influenza A virus through the bloodstream. 相似文献
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In the pig as in ruminant species, the implantation of the elongated conceptus - the embryo with its associated membranes - onto the maternal uterus is accompanied by an intense secretion of interferon (IFN), which culminates at day 15 of development. It has been shown that in fact the pig trophectoderm - the polarized epithelium which lines the conceptus - simultaneously secretes two types of interferons: IFN-gamma (IFN-gamma), which is the more abundant species, is produced in very substantial amounts. Another IFN is also secreted, which happens to be a novel type I IFN, now named IFN-delta. It was previously shown that the uterus is the most probable target of the pig trophoblastic IFNs, since no autocrine effect was found on the trophoblast. It has also been shown that, unlike for the ruminant species, the pig trophoblastic IFNs do not play an apparent role in the so-called maternal recognition of pregnancy. We have focused this review on IFN-gamma, because first, it is the major species secreted and secondly, IFN-gamma has various regulatory effects on different tissues, including lymphoid cells. We particularly address the question of the possible role of trophoblastic IFN-gamma in early pregnancy, in the light of the known biological functions of human and mouse IFN-gamma. 相似文献