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1.
In this paper, we described the breeding of transgenic rice restorer line for multiple resistance against bacterial blight, striped stem borer (SSB) and herbicide by conventional crossing of two transgenic parental lines transformed independently with different genes. Two stable transgenic rice lines used as donor parents were developed, one was Zhongguo91 which contained cry1Ab gene (for insect resistance) and bar gene (for tolerance of herbicide), and the other was Yujing6 which contained Xa21 gene (resistance to bacterial blight). The elite restorer line Hui773 was used as recipient and crossed with the two stable transgenic rice lines. Then five successive backcrosses were made using Hui773 as recurrent parent. Two rice elite restorers, T773-1 expressing cry1Ab and bar genes and T773-2 expressing Xa21 gene, were obtained, which were confirmed by PCR analysis and testing selectable marker genes in the hybrid progenies. The cross was made between T773-1 and T773-2 to select stable restorer line carrying Xa21, cry1Ab and bar genes. Finally, we obtained transgenic restorer line T773 with good agronomic traits and obvious multiple resistance to Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae, striped stem borer (Chilo suppressalis) and herbicide. The hybrid F1 generation produced from the cross between transgenic restorer line T773 and a corresponding male sterile line Zaohua2A maintained obvious resistance to rice bacterial blight, rice leaffolder and striped stem borer, and showed significant heterosis. Our results indicate that it is feasible to develop transgenic hybrid rice cultivar through breeding transgenic restorer lines.  相似文献   

2.
培育水稻恢复系抗稻褐飞虱基因导入系和聚合系   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  
稻褐飞虱是水稻的主要虫害之一,培育优良的抗性基因聚合系对于防治稻褐飞虱具有重要的意义.本研究通过回交、分子标记辅助选择和接虫鉴定三者相结合的办法,将抗稻褐飞虱基因Bph3和Bph24(t)分别导入主栽杂交水稻恢复系广恢998、9311、R15、明恢63、R29中,最终获得遗传稳定的Bph3导入系32份和Bph24(t)...  相似文献   

3.
水稻抗褐飞虱基因及其育种应用研究进展   总被引：4，自引：1，他引：3  
褐飞虱是危害水稻生产最重要的害虫之一。遏制水稻褐飞虱为害的最安全、有效的措施既利用水稻自身的抗虫性。迄今为止,已经于栽培稻和野生稻中成功鉴定出30个水稻抗褐飞虱基因,其中26个主效抗性基因已被定位,显性基因Bph14已成功克隆,但仅少量主效抗性基因被育种家利用并培育出抗性品种。对褐飞虱的生物型和抗性机理、水稻抗褐飞虱的遗传基础及育种应用研究进行了综述,并就今后的抗性育种研究趋势展开了讨论。  相似文献   

4.
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5.
Brown planthopper (BPH) is the most devastating insect pest in rice‐growing areas. Information on availability of BPH resistance alleles and their sources enhances BPH‐resistant breeding programmes. In this study, 260 highly diversified rice cultivars or breeding lines were screened for the presence of five major BPH resistance genes (Bph10, Bph13, Bph18, Bph20 and Bph21) using gene‐specific markers. The analysis revealed that 137 of the 260 cultivars possess at least one BPH resistance gene. Bph10 was predominant while Bph20 was the least distributed. Moreover, two and three different resistance gene combinations were found in the cultivars. Molecular markers play an important role in molecular breeding programmes. A tightly linked PCR‐based co‐dominant Bph18 marker was developed, which is cost effective and time effective and simpler than available Bph18 CAPS marker (7312.T4A). We strongly believe that the identified BPH‐resistant cultivars can be used as alternative resistance gene sources and also as resource for novel BPH resistance genes. The developed Bph18 marker will be highly useful in molecular breeding applications of BPH‐resistant breeding programmes.  相似文献   

6.
褐飞虱是水稻的主要害虫之一,利用水稻抗褐飞虱基因培育抗虫品种是目前公认最经济有效、环境友好的策略。本研究利用水稻功能基因组已克隆的抗褐飞虱基因,通过分子标记辅助选择和常规回交育种相结合的方法,将抗褐飞虱基因Bph6、Bph9、Bph14和Bph15单独和聚合导入到节水抗旱稻恢复系旱恢3号,获得了一系列含有单基因、双基因、三基因和四基因的改良系。采用标准苗期集团筛选法进行褐飞虱抗性鉴定,评价这些基因在旱恢3号背景下的效应及相互作用。表明单基因改良系中, Bph9的抗性最强,且Bph9 Bph6 Bph15 Bph14;在聚合改良系中,抗性均优于单基因改良系,四基因聚合改良系的抗性最强,不同基因型组合的抗性效应是Bph6+Bph9+Bph14+Bph15Bph6+Bph9 Bph6+Bph9+Bph14 Bph6+Bph9+Bph15 Bph6+Bph14+Bph15 Bph9+Bph14+Bph15 Bph14+Bph15。在自然条件下,改良系与旱恢3号在株高、有效穗和千粒重等农艺性状上差异不显著,其他性状与旱恢3号相仿或略差。本试验表明单独和聚合导入Bph6、Bph9、Bph14和Bph15基因能显著提高节水抗旱稻恢复系的褐飞虱抗性,这4个基因的加性效应明显,可为今后节水抗旱稻抗褐飞虱育种提供理论依据和材料基础。  相似文献   

7.
G. H. Jiang    C. G. Xu    J. M. Tu    X. H. Li    Y. Q. He  Q. F. Zhang 《Plant Breeding》2004,123(2):112-116
The wild‐rice‐derived dominant gene Xa21 conferring multi‐race resistance to bacterial blight and a fused Bt gene cry1Ab/cry1Ac conferring resistance to lepidopteran insects were individually introduced into the same genetic background of an elite indica cytoplasm male sterile (CMS) restorer line ‘Minghui 63′. The line showed the desirable insect‐ and disease‐resistant phenotypes. To maximize the effect, the two genes were also pyramided into the same recipient plant of ‘Minghui 63’ by marker‐assisted selection. After being subjected to natural infestation of leaf‐folders and yellow stem borers and inoculation of Xoo strain mixtures, the pyramiding line and its derived hybrids showed high levels of resistance against both insect damage and disease. Furthermore, data from field trials demonstrated that the hybrids made by crossing this pyramiding line with the CMS lines ‘Zhenshan 97A’ and ‘Maxie A’ retained a similar level of yield under conditions without chemical spray, indicating that the pyramiding genes have a yield‐stabilizing effect on the recipient line and its hybrids.  相似文献   

8.
The rice brown planthopper (BPH) Nilaparvata lugens (Stål) is one of the major pests of rice across Asia. Host-plant resistance is the most ecologically acceptable means to manage this pest. A rice breeding line RP2068-18-3-5 (RP2068) derived from the land race Velluthacheera is reported to be resistant to BPH populations across India. We identified a new R gene [Bph33(t)] in this line using advanced generation RILs derived from TN1 × RP2068 cross through phenotyping at two locations and linkage analysis with 99 polymorphic SSR markers. QTL analysis through IciMapping identified at least two major QTL on chromosome 1 influencing seedling damage score in seed box screening, honey dew excretion by adults and nymphal survival. Since no BPH R gene has been reported on chromosome 1, we designate this locus as a new gene Bph33(t) which accounted for over 20% of phenotypic variance. Scanning the region for candidate gene suggested two likely candidates a leucine rich repeat (LRR) gene and a heat shock protein (HSP) coding gene. Expression profiling of the two genes in the two contrasting parents and RILs showed induction of the HSP gene (LOC_Os01g42190.1) at 6 h after infestation while LRR gene did not show such induction. It is likely that the HSP represented Bph33(t).  相似文献   

9.
Brown planthopper (BPH) is the most damaging rice pest globally. Resistant varieties are the most effective and environmental strategy for protecting the rice crop from BPH. Functional markers (FMs) designed from polymorphic sites within gene sequences affecting phenotypic variation are highly efficient when used for marker assisted selection (MAS). Bph14 is the first and only cloned insect resistance gene so far in rice. Compared to the sequences of its non-effective alleles there are a number SNP differences. In this study, the method of allele-specific amplification (ASA) was adopted to design a simple, co-dominant, functional marker Bph14P/N for Bph14. Bph14P/N was combined with two specific dominant markers: one, named Bph14P, targets the promoter region of Bph14 and amplifies 566 bp fragments; and the other, Bph14N, targets the LRR region of bph14 and amplifies 345 bp fragments. Specificity and applicability of the functional marker system were verified in two breeding populations and a Chinese mini core collection of Oryza sativa. We recommend the use of this simple, low-cost marker system in routine genotyping for Bph14 in breeding populations.  相似文献   

10.
The spotted stem borer, Chilo partellus, is one of the most important pests of sorghum, and host plant resistance is an important component for the management of this pest. Most of the sorghum hybrids currently under cultivation are based on cytoplasmic male-sterility (CMS). In order to develop a strategy for resistance to stem borer, we studied the traits associated with resistance, and their nature of gene action in F1 hybrids derived from resistant, moderately resistant, and susceptible CMS and restorer lines. The hybrids based on stem borer-resistant, moderately resistant, or susceptible CMS and restorer lines were equally resistant or susceptible as the parents for leaf feeding [Damage rating (DR) 5.8 to 6.6 vs. 5.9 to 6.6], and had significant and decreasing trend in deadheart formation (resistant CMS × resistant restorer lines < moderately resistant CMS × moderately resistant restorer lines < susceptible CMS × susceptible restorer lines), respectively. Proportional contributions of restorer lines were greater than those of the CMS lines for leaf feeding, deadhearts, recovery and overall resistance, stalk length, nodes per plant, stem borer holes per plant, and peduncle tunneling. The general (GCA) and specific combining ability (SCA) estimates suggested that leaf feeding score, number of nodes, overall resistance score, panicle initiation, recovery score, and stalk length (dominance type of gene action) have been found to be associated with resistance to spotted stem borer, governed by additive type of gene action, their correlation and direct effects in the same direction, and explained 65.3% of the variation in deadhearts, and thus could be used as marker traits to select and breed for resistance to C. partellus in sorghum. The parents having significant SCA effects for two or more resistance traits for either or more parents have also been discussed for their use in the stem borer resistance breeding.  相似文献   

11.
为了研究转基因抗虫超级粳稻田间目的基因表达及抗螟虫性,将10个来自于不同独立抗性愈伤组织的转cry1C*基因抗虫超级粳稻品系种植于田间,利用实时荧光定量PCR方法检测孕穗期叶片、茎鞘和幼穗等器官目的基因mRNA,利用酶联免疫吸附(ELISA)法检测孕穗期叶片、茎鞘和幼穗及收获后糙米的Cry1C蛋白,利用田间目测调查二化螟危害的白穗率。结果及分析显示,转基因超级粳稻不同品系及不同器官cry1C*基因田间表达量明显不同,cry1C*基因mRNA表达量叶片＞茎鞘＞幼穗,蛋白质表达量叶片＞茎鞘＞幼穗＞糙米。转基因超级粳稻田间目的基因表达,在mRNA水平和蛋白质水平,不同器官间存在正相关关系,各器官Cry1C蛋白质含量和糙米Bt蛋白质含量呈正相关。在本研究范围内,不论转基因粳稻植株Cry1C蛋白质含量高或低的品系,田间均表现为高抗二化螟。培育转基因抗虫粳稻品种时,注意对目的基因适量表达的抗虫基因型的选择。  相似文献   

12.
We have constructed a linkage map of the rice brown planthopper (BPH)resistance gene, Bph1. RFLP and AFLP markers were selected by thebulked segregant analysis and used in the mapping study of 262 F2sthat were derived from a cross of `Tsukushibare', a susceptible japonica cultivar, and `Norin-PL3', an authentic japonicaBph1-introgression line. Twenty markers were mapped within a 28.9-cMregion containing the Bph1 locus on the long arm of rice chromosome12. Combining the result of segregation analysis of BPH resistance by themass seedling test and that of the markers, the Bph1 locus wasmapped within a 5.8-cM region between two flanking markers. The closestAFLP markers, em5814N and em2802N, was at 2.7 cM proximal to theBph1 locus. Together with the previously constructed high-resolutionmap of bph2 locating the locus at ca. 10 cM proximal to the Bph1 locus, this improved version of the linkage map would facilitatepyramiding these two important BPH resistance genes.  相似文献   

13.
To improve brown planthopper (Nilaparvata lugens Stål; BPH) resistance of an elite indica cultivar of South China, Hemeizhan (HMZ), we applied marker‐assisted backcross (MABC) to incorporate three BPH‐resistance genes (Bph3, Bph14 and Bph15) into the genetic background of HMZ. In the third backcross (BC3) generation, we obtained near‐isogenic lines (Bph3‐NIL, Bph14‐NIL, Bph15‐NIL and Bph14 + Bph15‐NIL) with more than 96% recovery of recurrent parent genome, and pyramided lines (Bph3 + Bph14‐PYL, Bph3 + Bph15‐PYL and Bph3 + Bph14 + Bph15‐PYL) with more than 89% recovery of recurrent parent genome. These lines showed stronger resistance against BPH than HMZ at seedling and booting stages. The rank of resistance gene effect was Bph3 + Bph14 + Bph15 ≥ Bph3 + Bph15 ≥ Bph3 +Bph14 ≥ Bph14 + Bph15 ≥ Bph3 ≥ Bph15 ≥ Bph14 > none. Compared with HMZ, only Bph3 + Bph14 + Bph15‐PYL had a significant difference in yield per plant, and the lines carrying Bph3 had higher amylose contents, indicating that Bph3 was tightly linked to Wxa allele. These improved lines are good intermediate sources of broad‐spectrum and durable BPH resistance to improve other indica cultivars. Our results demonstrate that MABC is a very efficient approach to improve BPH resistance of elite rice cultivar.  相似文献   

14.
利用分子标记辅助选择和田间鉴定选择相结合的方法,将抗白叶枯病基因Xa23和抗褐飞虱基因Bph18(t)导入明恢86、蜀恢527和浙恢7954等3个骨干中籼恢复系,获得带有Xa23抗性基因纯合的改良恢复系明恢86-Xa23、蜀恢527-Xa23、浙恢7954-Xa23和携有抗褐飞虱Bph18(t)基因的蜀恢527-Bph18(t)、浙恢7954-Bph18(t),并从蜀恢527/IRBB23 F1和浙恢7954/IR65482 F1复交后代中选育出的带有Xa23和Bph18(t)的双基因聚合系浙蜀-Xa23-Bph18(t)。明恢86-Xa23、蜀恢527-Xa23、浙恢7954-Xa23和浙蜀-Xa23-Bph18(t)对中国和菲律宾的17个白叶枯病菌均表现高抗,蜀恢527-Bph18(t)、浙恢7954-Bph18(t)和浙蜀-Xa23-Bph18(t)对褐飞虱的抗性也达到中抗以上水平。抗性改良恢复系及其与不育系II-32A、沪旱11A的测交种在不接种白叶枯病菌条件下的产量和结实率与原来的恢复系及相应杂交种相仿,但在接种条件下带有Xa23基因的恢复系及测交种的结实率和产量明显优于原来的恢复系及相应杂交种。研究表明,抗性基因Xa23在不同恢复系背景下的抗性表达完全,对恢复系白叶枯病改良的效果明显,而抗性基因Bph18(t)对褐飞虱的改良效果与遗传背景有关。对分子标记回交和复交改良恢复系的抗病虫性进行了讨论。  相似文献   

15.
保持系川香29B是籼型三系细胞胞质雄性不育保持系,具有配合力高、米质优良、开花习性好且有香味等特点,本研究用我室在前期利用川香29B培育华1971B (Pi1/Pi2)的基础之上,再以华2048B (Bph14/Bph15/Ri1/Pi2)为Bph14、Bph15供体亲本,利用分子标记辅助选择和花药培养相结合的方法对川...  相似文献   

16.
生物农药配施对早季香稻病虫害的防治效果   总被引：2，自引：2，他引：0  
选用有代表性的两个香稻品种培杂软香（杂交稻）和桂香占（常规稻）,通过田间试验,研究了6个不同的生物农药和化学农药的混配组合对香稻稻纵卷叶螟、三化螟、二化螟和纹枯病的防治效果。结果表明:印楝素乳油＋苏云金杆菌(Bt)＋井冈霉素＋杀虫双混配组合对两个香稻的病虫害防治效果较佳,对四种病虫害的的防治率都在94%以上,且香稻产量较高。印楝素乳油＋苏云金杆菌(Bt)＋鱼藤酮乳油＋井冈霉素混配组合对培杂软香病虫害的防治效果显著,对四种病虫害的防治率高达94%;印楝素乳油＋苏云金杆菌(Bt)＋井冈霉素混配组合对桂香占病虫害的防治和增产效果明显,对卷叶螟的防治率为93%-96%,对其他三种病虫害的防治率高达98%。因此,在适当比例情况下,生物农药和化学农药配施防治香稻病虫害效果较好,且具有一定的保产效果。  相似文献   

17.
标记辅助培育水稻抗稻褐飞虱和稻白叶枯病基因聚合系   总被引：5，自引：3，他引：2  
稻白叶枯病和稻褐飞虱是水稻的主要病虫害,利用优良的抗性基因培育抗性基因聚合系对于防治稻白叶枯病和稻褐飞虱具有重要意义。本研究通过回交与分子标记辅助选择相结合的方法,将抗稻白叶枯病基因Xa23和抗稻褐飞虱基因Bph3分别导入主栽杂交水稻品种的保持系先B、天B、盟B、龙特甫B和桂B中。结果表明,获得稳定的单抗性基因导入系1436份和双抗性基因聚合系144份。人工接种鉴定结果显示,Xa23导入系和Xa23Bph3聚合系对抗稻白叶枯水平达到中抗和接近高抗的水平(1.1～3.0级),Bph3导入系和Xa23Bph3聚合系抗褐飞虱水平达中抗到抗的级别(3.2～4.0级)。农艺性状分析显示多数抗性基因聚合系的株高、剑叶长宽度、每穗粒数、结实率、千粒重等主要农艺性状与受体差异不显著,只有少数聚合系有1～2个性状的差异。SSR标记分析表明抗性基因聚合系的遗传背景回复率达89.6%～97.8%,等位性位点纯合度达95.6%～99.9%。初步证明本研究已成功地获得抗稻白叶枯病和稻褐飞虱基因的聚合系,这些抗性改良保持系具有良好的应用前景,并为建立完善的分子设计育种平台提供了重要育种材料基础。  相似文献   

18.
利用分子标记辅助选择改良93-11对白叶枯病和螟虫抗性   总被引：7，自引：0，他引：7  
93-11是我国生产上应用面积较大的两系恢复系,同时又是红莲型三系杂交水稻恢复系之一,其组配的超级杂交稻两优培九和三系杂交稻红莲优6号,具有优质高产等特性。为了进一步提高其对白叶枯病的抗性、同时增加其对水稻鳞翅目害虫(如稻纵卷叶螟、二化螟和三化螟等)抗性,利用常规回交育种方法和结合分子标记辅助选择将Xa21基因和Bt基因同时导入93-11中,在BC3F,家系中筛选到8个家系含纯合的Xa21基因和Bt基因,其中有两个家系与93-11比较其遗传背景的回复率很高,达到90．59％。在正常的田间条件下,改良的93-11(Bt)、93-11(Xa21)和93-11(Bt／Xa21)与原始的93-11表现出相似的农艺性状,且带有Xa21基因的株系及其杂交种均对白叶枯病显示出很高的抗性。在自然诱发螟虫条件下,带有Bt基因的株系及其杂交种没有受到螟虫危害。这一结果表明,通过分子标记辅助选择将多个基因同时导入某一改良亲本,结合常规育种方法选择,具有快速、良好遗传改良效果。这一遗传改良材料在农艺性状和配合力等方面基本保持了93-11及其杂交组合的主要特征特性,拓宽和增强了其对白叶枯病的抗谱和抗病能力,增加了93-11作为恢复系所配杂交水稻的抗螟虫特性,具有较好的应用前景。  相似文献   

19.
结合分子标记辅助轮回选择和田间鉴定的方法, 将三黄占2号的抗稻瘟病基因Pi-GD-1(t)和Pi-GD-2(t)(分别简称G1和G2)、CBB23中的抗白叶枯病基因Xa23 (简称X)和IR65482-7-216-1-2-B(简称IR65482)的抗褐飞虱基因Bph18(t) (简称B)导入温恢845、温恢117和温恢143等3个中籼恢复系,获得了8个兼抗稻瘟病和褐飞虱聚合系,温恢845-G1-G2-B-4、温恢845-G1-G2-B-5、温恢117-G1-G2-X-B-3、温恢143-G1-G2-B-3、温恢143-G2-X-B-9、温恢143-G2-X-B-10、温恢143-G1-G2-B-11和温恢143-G1-G2-B-37。这些聚合系及其与不育系五丰A的测交种,对稻瘟病和褐飞虱的抗性水平接近或略低于稻瘟病抗性亲本三黄占2号和稻飞虱抗性亲本IR65482。部分改良恢复系如温恢117-G1-G2-X-B-3、温恢143-G2-X-B-9和温恢143-G2-X-B-10及其测交种对白叶枯病表现为抗病或中抗。改良恢复系及其测交种在正常条件下的农艺性状与原始恢复系及其测交种相仿或更优,具有生产应用价值。研究结果表明,Xa23在不同恢复系背景下抗性表达完全,而Pi-GD-1(t)、Pi-GD-2(t)和Bph18(t)对稻瘟病和褐飞虱抗性的改良效果与恢复系的遗传背景有关。  相似文献   

20.
The potential of transferring herbicide resistance from transgenic rice (Oryza sativa L.) varieties to sexually compatible weeds is of paramount importance for development of effective weed control strategies. The objective of this research was to determine the genetic control and frequency of natural outcrossing between a transgenic, glufosinate-resistant rice line and a Louisiana biotype of red rice (Oryza sativa L.). Molecular and phenotypic data showed that outcrossing in field plots between a non-transgenic purple marker line and red rice did occur within one field season, but at a low rate of <1%. Similarly, molecular and phenotypic data demonstrated that glufosinate resistance was transferred from the transgenic line to the red rice biotype in the field within one year at a low frequency of 0.3%. Compared to parental lines, the transgenic-red rice hybrids were extremely late, tall, and never set seed during the normal field season. Genetic analyses in all F2 populations showed glufosinate resistance behaved in a Mendelian fashion as a single, dominant gene. Presence of the bar gene for glufosinate resistance did not increase fitness or seed fecundity in hybrids or subsequent progeny. The genetic analyses and outcrossing results from this study suggest that an effective management program can be developed to prolong the usefulness of transgenic, glufosinate herbicide technology. This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.  相似文献   

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