共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 31 毫秒
1.
Gazzaniga MS 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2000,289(5486):1887-1888
Although there are elegants maps of the human brain that reveal differences in cellular architecture between different cortical regions, there is not much information about how corresponding cortical regions differ between the left and right hemispheres. As Gazzaniga explains in his Perspective, new results reveal the surprising finding of asymmetry in area 22 (which is important for language processing) of the left and right hemisphere (Galuske et al.). Clusters of neurons in area 22 of the left hemisphere are spaced farther apart and have longer axons cabling them together than neuronal clusters in area 22 of the right hemisphere. 相似文献
2.
Human cerebral hemispheres develop at different rates and ages 总被引：16，自引：0，他引：16
The development of the cerebral hemispheres was assessed by using measures of electroencephalographic coherence and phase in 577 children ranging in age from 2 months to early adulthood. Two categories of age-dependent change in electroencephalographic coherence and phase were noted: continuous growth processes that were described best by an exponential growth function, and discrete growth spurts that appeared in specific anatomical locations at specific postnatal periods. The left and right hemispheres developed at different rates and with different postnatal onset times with the timing of growth spurts overlapping the timing of the major developmental stages described by Piaget. 相似文献
3.
R Cohen 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》1971,172(983):599-601
Psychophysiological measurements have indicated that the right cerebral hemisphere processes noises and other nonverbal data and that the left cerebral hemisphere processes verbal material. Direct physiological measurements, as expressed in summated auditory evoked cortical responses, unequivocally demonstrate that click noises show a greater amplitude of initial output over the right brain, and that verbal stimuli produce either equal or higher amplitudes of output over the left cerebral hemisphere. 相似文献
4.
Pitx2基因被认为是脊椎动物中调节内脏器官左右不对称的关键转录因子。为进一步探讨牙鲆变态期间的左右不对称是否也受Pitx2的左特异活性调节,采用逆转录聚合酶链式反应(RT-PCR),拟在变态的牙鲆的头部组织中克隆编码Pitx2基因的部分cDNA序列,并通过以18s rRNA为内标的半定量RT-PCR研究其在牙鲆早期发育和变态期间的表达情况。克隆和测序的结果表明Pitx2在牙鲆早期发育和变态期间也存在基因表达;而半定量的结果表明它的左特异性功能很可能在变态的早期阶段发挥作用。但是,牙鲆变态期间的右眼移动是否受Pitx2的左特异活性调控,以及变态期间的左右不对称和内脏器官的左右不对称是否拥有相同的分子机制,仍需进一步研究。 相似文献
5.
Pitx2基因被认为是脊椎动物中调节内脏器官左右不对称的关键转录因子。为进一步探讨牙鲆变态期间的左右不对称是否也受Pitx2的左特异活性调节,采用逆转录聚合酶链式反应(RT-PCR),拟在变态的牙鲆的头部组织中克隆编码Pitx2基因的部分cDNA序列,并通过以18s rRNA为内标的半定量RT-PCR研究其在牙鲆早期发育和变态期间的表达情况。克隆和测序的结果表明Pitx2在牙鲆早期发育和变态期间也存在基因表达;而半定量的结果表明它的左特异性功能很可能在变态的早期阶段发挥作用。但是,牙鲆变态期间的右眼移动是否受Pitx2的左特异活性调控,以及变态期间的左右不对称和内脏器官的左右不对称是否拥有相同的分子机制,仍需进一步研究。 相似文献
6.
Lateralized suppression of dichotically presented digits after commissural section in man 总被引：8，自引：0，他引：8
Right-handed patients with surgical disconnection of the cerebral hemispheres cannot report verbal input to the left ear if diferent verbal stimuli have been channeled simultaneously to the right ear. With monaural stimulation, they show equal accuracy of report for the two ears. These findings highlight the dominance of the contralateral over the ipsilateral auditory projection system. Suppression of right-ear input is obtained in nonverbal tests. Dissociation between verbal and left-hand stereognostic responses indicate a right-left dichotomy for auditory experience in the disconnected hemispheres. 相似文献
7.
Many vertebrate organs adopt asymmetric positions with respect to the midline, but little is known about the cellular changes and tissue movements that occur downstream of left-right gene expression to produce this asymmetry. Here, we provide evidence that the looping of the zebrafish gut results from the asymmetric migration of the neighboring lateral plate mesoderm (LPM). Mutations that disrupt the epithelial structure of the LPM perturb this asymmetric migration and inhibit gut looping. Asymmetric LPM migration still occurs when the endoderm is ablated from the gut-looping region, suggesting that the LPM can autonomously provide a motive force for gut displacement. Finally, reducing left-sided Nodal activity randomizes the pattern of LPM migration and gut looping. These results reveal a cellular framework for the regulation of organ laterality by asymmetrically expressed genes. 相似文献
8.
鲽形目鱼类仔鱼经过变态后形成眼睛和偶鳍等器官左右不对称的稚鱼。Tbx家族成员参与脊椎动物心脏、肢体和眼等器官的发育,而Tbx基因与鲽形目鱼类变态的关系目前尚无报道。我们运用扫描电镜和软硬骨染色等方法对出膜后2d（变态早期）和26d（变态前期）的牙鲆仔鱼的形态进行观察,牙鲆出膜后2d胸鳍原基出现,出膜后26d胸鳍发育成熟,而在出膜后26d胸鳍和腹鳍仍呈现左右对称。我们克隆了牙鲆Tbx5基因的CDS序列,该序列编码的多肽具有部分T-box保守结构域,与斑马鱼Tbx5同源性高达93%。系统进化分析显示：这段CDS序列与硬骨鱼的Tbx5基因聚为一支,但与四足动物Tbx5相分离。整体原位杂交显示出膜后26d的牙鲆仔鱼中,Tbx5基因不仅在胸鳍、眼背侧、脊柱和尿囊表达,且在胸鳍和眼背侧的表达呈现左右不对称,左侧面（有眼侧）的表达量均高于右侧面（无眼侧）的表达量。综上结果暗示,牙鲆Tbx5基因可能参与了变态过程中眼睛与胸鳍左右不对称的形成。
研究亮点： 鲽形目鱼类都经历变态发育过程,产生显著的左右不对称形态,但调控该过程的分子机制尚不清楚。本文对牙鲆变态初期仔鱼进行了形态学观察,并对牙鲆Tbx5进行克隆及其表达分析,并探讨Tbx5与牙鲆仔鱼眼睛与胸鳍不对称变态过程的关系,为进一步研究牙鲆变态机制奠定基础。 相似文献
9.
In a group of normal adults, averaged cortical evoked responses to natural speech stimuli were recorded from scalp electrodes placed symmetrically over the two cerebral hemispheres at frontal, Rolandic, and temporoparietal leads. The amplitude of the most prominent component was consistently larger in left hemisphere derivations, with the major hemisphere difference observed in the temporoparietal records. These electrophysiological measures may be sensitive indicators of hemispheric specialization of function. 相似文献
10.
Specification of cerebral cortical areas 总被引：131，自引：0，他引：131
P Rakic 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》1988,241(4862):170-176
How the immense population of neurons that constitute the human cerebral neocortex is generated from progenitors lining the cerebral ventricle and then distributed to appropriate layers of distinctive cytoarchitectonic areas can be explained by the radial unit hypothesis. According to this hypothesis, the ependymal layer of the embryonic cerebral ventricle consists of proliferative units that provide a proto-map of prospective cytoarchitectonic areas. The output of the proliferative units is translated via glial guides to the expanding cortex in the form of ontogenetic columns, whose final number for each area can be modified through interaction with afferent input. Data obtained through various advanced neurobiological techniques, including electron microscopy, immunocytochemistry, [3H]thymidine and receptor autoradiography, retrovirus gene transfer, neural transplants, and surgical or genetic manipulation of cortical development, furnish new details about the kinetics of cell proliferation, their lineage relationships, and phenotypic expression that favor this hypothesis. The radial unit model provides a framework for understanding cerebral evolution, epigenetic regulation of the parcellation of cytoarchitectonic areas, and insight into the pathogenesis of certain cortical disorders in humans. 相似文献
11.
Interhemispheric synchronization of oscillatory neuronal responses in cat visual cortex 总被引：32，自引：0，他引：32
Neurons in area 17 of cat visual cortex display oscillatory responses that can synchronize across spatially separate columns in a stimulus-specific way. Response synchronization has now been shown to occur also between neurons in area 17 of the right and left cerebral hemispheres. This synchronization was abolished by section of the corpus callosum. Thus, the response synchronization is mediated by corticocortical connections. These data are compatible with the hypothesis that temporal synchrony of neuronal discharges serves to bind features within and between the visual hemifields. 相似文献
12.
Functional asymmetry of the human brain 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Verbal and nonverbal memorization skills were tested before and after electroconvulsive shocks to the left, right, or both cerebral hemispheres of neurologically normal patients. As predicted, decrements for the left-hemisphere-shocked group were larger on the verbal than nonverbal tasks, while the reverse was true for the right-hemisphere-shocked group. Largest decrements on both tasks were shown by the bilaterally shocked group. 相似文献
13.
Chen CH Gutierrez ED Thompson W Panizzon MS Jernigan TL Eyler LT Fennema-Notestine C Jak AJ Neale MC Franz CE Lyons MJ Grant MD Fischl B Seidman LJ Tsuang MT Kremen WS Dale AM 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2012,335(6076):1634-1636
Surface area of the cerebral cortex is a highly heritable trait, yet little is known about genetic influences on regional cortical differentiation in humans. Using a data-driven, fuzzy clustering technique with magnetic resonance imaging data from 406 twins, we parceled cortical surface area into genetic subdivisions, creating a human brain atlas based solely on genetically informative data. Boundaries of the genetic divisions corresponded largely to meaningful structural and functional regions; however, the divisions represented previously undescribed phenotypes different from conventional (non-genetically based) parcellation systems. The genetic organization of cortical area was hierarchical, modular, and predominantly bilaterally symmetric across hemispheres. We also found that the results were consistent with human-specific regions being subdivisions of previously described, genetically based lobar regionalization patterns. 相似文献
14.
15.
R J Smeyne J Oberdick K Schilling A S Berrebi E Mugnaini J I Morgan 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》1991,254(5032):719-721
The cerebellum has many properties that make it a useful model for investigating neural development. Purkinje cells, the major output neurons of the cerebellar cortex, have drawn special attention because of the availability of biochemical markers and mutants that affect their development. The spatial expression of L7, a protein specific for Purkinje cells, and L7 beta Gal, a gene expressed in transgenic mice that was constructed from the L7 promoter and the marker beta-galactosidase, delineated bands of Purkinje cells that increased in number during early postnatal development. Expression of the transgene in adult reeler mutant mice, which show inverted cortical lamination, and in primary culture showed that the initial expression of L7 is intrinsic to Purkinje cells and does not depend on extracellular signals. This may reflect an underlying developmental map in cerebellum. 相似文献
16.
18.
借助于NIH生物信息中心Unigene里的数字差异显示软件平台,分析了猪植入前后早期胚胎发育9个EST文库的105 227个ESTs,筛选出了104个差异表达ESTs,对已知功能的差异表达基因进行GO分类分析,发现这些差异基因参与了广泛的生物功能和过程。同时,这些差异表达ESTs的聚类分析结果显示,体外和体内发育的囊胚基因表达存在较大的差异。对这些差异表达ESTs表达模式的分析结果显示,猪植入前早期胚胎发育阶段基因呈振荡模式表达,其中线粒体和核糖体相关基因的表达在囊胚中的表达丰度要明显高于其他阶段。表达数字差异显示的结果能为猪早期胚胎发育机理的研究提供线索。 相似文献
19.
20.