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正中国杂交水稻领先世界三言两语不能言喻,但其根本离不开中国杂交水稻科技人的不断创新与努力。为了杂交水稻产业的健康稳定发展,确保杂交水稻技术长期世界领先,2007年10月,国家粳稻工程技术研究中心牵头成立了杂交水稻产业技术创新战略联盟。稻米养育人类千万年,水稻种植凝聚着人类的坚持与智慧。近年来,我国在杂交水稻技术方面有着突飞猛进的发展,中国拥有自主知识产权且领先于世界的杂交水稻技术,为我国和世界粮食安全做出了巨大贡献。 相似文献
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关于在国外发展杂交水稻策略的思考 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
一、中国杂交水稻的发展背景
中国杂交水稻的研究和发展已走过40年的历程。杂交水稻的发明人袁隆平先生，于1964年率先开展杂交水稻研究．他勇于探索、大胆创新．攻克了三系配套、强优组合选配、杂交制种3大难关．成功培育出单产比常规稻高20％左右的三系法杂交水稻．并于1976年大面积推广，使中国成为世界上第一个在生产上利用水稻杂种优势的国家， 相似文献
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我国首创的杂交水稻技术为解决中国粮食安全问题作出了巨大贡献,也成为了解决发展中国家粮食短缺问题的首选技术。由于人口、经济、气候、耕作方式等各种因素的影响,我国粮食生产的形势依然严峻;文章分析了国内外杂交水稻发展的背景、面临的机遇和挑战,认为杂交水稻发展仍然具有巨大的发展空间;提出了今后杂交水稻再发展的趋势。 相似文献
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福建省杂交水稻制种工作经过40多年的发展,在全国已具有一定影响力。通过介绍福建杂交水稻制种的4个历程,以及取得成就(包括组织模式专业化、制种技术智能化、制种实现半程机械化、制种保险政策化、制种农户小康化等),分析了福建省杂交水稻制种产业发展趋势,并提出推进福建省杂交水稻制种产业发展措施。 相似文献
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中国杂交水稻产业国际化的分工盈利模式与路径选择 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
中国杂交水稻的技术研究与应用世界领先,然而技术优势没能有效转化为产业优势.本文提出中国杂交水稻产业的国际化在组织层面要以企业为主体,在分工模式选择上要注重发挥比较优势,在盈利模式选择上要注重可持续性;在国际化路径上要遵循先近后远、先成熟市场后潜在市场.同时分析了杂交水稻产业国际化演进不同阶段的高盈利环节及相应的盈利模式. 相似文献
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论杂交水稻发展对萍乡经济社会稳定的战略 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
本文对中国杂交水稻发展的策源地--萍乡市杂交水稻发展的历程进行了回顾,在总结萍乡市杂交水稻科技创新和推广应用经验的基础上,分析了萍乡市杂交水稻发展存在的一些关键性问题,从维护国家粮食安全的视角提出了萍乡市未来促进杂交水稻科技创新,稳定发展杂交水稻的战略措施. 相似文献
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QingXianguo 《农业科学与技术》2003,4(4):2-5
On the basis of the analysis of the present situation of food grain and rice production in China, countering the beginning tendency to neglect rice production because of rice grain structural surplus and low market price after China‘ s agriculture entering the new development stage, this paper puts forward the concept of rice industrial economy, explains its attribute, connotation, key factors, etc., forms the basic idea of developing the rice industrial economy, and suggests some strategic measures such as regionalized layout of rice production, etc. to develop the rice industrial economy. 相似文献
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HI JANG Min ZOU Ying-bin JIANG Peng XIA Bing Md Ibrahim AO He-jun 《中国农业科学(英文版)》2011,10(10):1537-1544
Chinese super hybrid rice breeding project has developed many new varieties with great yield potential.It is controversial which yield component should be emphasized in super hybrid rice production.The present study was conducted to compare super hybrid rice with common hybrid and super inbred rice and analyze contributions of yield components to grain yield of super hybrid rice under experimental conditions,and evaluate relationships between grain yield and yield components of super hybrid rice in farmer's paddy fields.Field experiments were done in Changsha,Guidong,and Nanxian,Hunan Province,China,from 2007 to 2009.Eight super hybrid varieties,one common hybrid variety,and one super inbred variety were grown in each location and year.Rice production investigation was undertaken in high-yielding (Guidong),moderate-yielding (Nanxian),and low-yielding (Ningxiang) regions of Hunan Province,China,in 2009.Grain yield and yield components were measured in both the field experiments and rice production investigation.Super hybrid rice varieties outyielded common hybrid and super inbred varieties across three locations and years.Yield potential has been increased by 11.4％ in super hybrid rice varieties compared with common and super inbred varieties.The higher yield of super hybrid varieties was attributed to improvement in panicle size.Panicles per m2 had the highest positive contribution to grain yield with the exception under yield level of 10.0 to 12.0 t ha-1,and was positively related to grain yield in farmer's field at all of the high-,moderate-,and low-yielding regions.Our study suggests that panicle per m2 ought to be emphasized in super hybrid rice production. 相似文献
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This article reviews the history and progress of hybrid rice development. Hybrid rice research was initiated back in 1964, and commercialized in 1976. Three-line and two-line system hybrid rice were developed in 1974 and 1995, respectively. Research on super hybrid rice, which was first launched by Ministry of Agriculture, China in 1996, is discussed, and the great progress of super hybrid rice had been achieved with a new yield record by 15.4 t ha–1 in the 6.84 ha demonstration location in Xupu, Hunan Province, China in 2014. And the mechanism of heterosis, the techniques of hybrid seed production and the modern field managements in hybrid rice over the past decades are also discussed. Additionally, this article dealt with the intellectual property protection(IPR) and development of hybrid rice seed industry in China. Major factors that constrain hybrid rice development are analyzed and possible solutions to this problems are proposed. Finally, the authors present methods to further increase production yield, and propose an improvement for breeding super high-yielding hybrid rice based on these methods. 相似文献
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Comparisons of yield performance and nitrogen response between hybrid and inbred rice under different ecological conditions in southern China 
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下载免费PDF全文 JIANG Peng XIE Xiao-bing HUANG Min ZHOU Xue-feng ZHANG Rui-chun CHEN Jia-na WU Dan-dan XIA Bing XU Fu-xian XIONG Hong ZOU Ying-bin 《农业科学学报》2015,14(7):1283-1294
In order to understand the yield performance and nitrogen(N) response of hybrid rice under different ecological conditions in southern China, field experiments were conducted in Huaiji County of Guangdong Province, Binyang of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region and Changsha City of Hunan Province, southern China in 2011 and 2012. Two hybrid(Liangyoupeijiu and Y-liangyou 1) and two inbred rice cultivars(Yuxiangyouzhan and Huanghuazhan) were grown under three N treatments(N1, 225 kg ha–1; N2, 112.5–176 kg ha–1; N3, 0 kg ha–1) in each location. Results showed that grain yield was higher in Changsha than in Huaiji and Binyang for both hybrid and inbred cultivars. The higher grain yield in Changsha was attributed to larger panicle size(spikelets per panicle) and higher biomass production. Consistently higher grain yield in hybrid than in inbred cultivars was observed in Changsha but not in Huaiji and Binyang. Higher grain weight and higher biomass production were responsible for the higher grain yield in hybrid than in inbred cultivars in Changsha. The better crop performance of rice(especially hybrid cultivars) in Changsha was associated with its temperature conditions and indigenous soil N. N2 had higher internal N use efficiency, recovery efficiency of applied N, agronomic N use efficiency, and partial factor productivity of applied N than N1 for both hybrid and inbred cultivars, while the difference in grain yield between N1 and N2 was relatively small. Our study suggests that whether hybrid rice can outyield inbred rice to some extent depends on the ecological conditions, and N use efficiency can be increased by using improved nitrogen management such as site-specific N management in both hybrid and inbred rice production. 相似文献
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《农业科学学报》2017,(5)
Super rice breeding in China has been very successful over the past 3 decades, and the Chinese government has made great efforts to support breeding and cultivation of both conventional and hybrid super rice. In this review, we focus on the progress in and potential of super rice breeding. After the establishment of the breeding theory and strategy of "generating an ideotype with strong heterosis through inter-subspecies hybridization, by using gene pyramiding to combine elite traits through composite-crossing to breed super rice varieties with both ideotype and strong hybrid vigor", a series of major breakthroughs have been achieved in both conventional and super hybrid rice breeding. A number of new genetic materials with ideotype have been created successfully, and the Ministry of Agriculture of China has approved 156 novel super rice varieties and combinations for commercialization. During the Developing the Super Rice Varieties Program, great attention has also been paid to the integration and demonstration of the rice production technology. Collaboration between industry and university researchers has led to technological innovations and initiation of a demonstration system for super hybrid rice. With widespread cultivation of super rice with higher quality and yield, as well as resistance or tolerance to abiotic or biotic stresses, the yield of rice production per unit has reached a new level. In addition to increased quality and yield, hybrid rice breeding has also led to improvements in many other agronomic traits, such as resistance to pests and diseases, resistance to lodging, and optimized light distribution in population. Achievements in super rice breeding and innovation in rice production have made major contributions to the progress in rice sciences and worldwide food security. 相似文献
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我国超级杂交稻育种研究进展及展望 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
回顾了国内外超级稻育种历史,介绍了我国超级稻育种研究进展,指出我国超级稻育种在籼粳亚种优势利用及株型育种中取得了重大突破,超级稻在我国已处于大面积推广阶段。针对我国超级稻品种（组合）普遍存在适应性不广、结实率偏低、抗性及米质较差、双季超级稻品种（组合）较少及育种理论和技术还有待完善等问题,提出未来超级稻育种的策略。 相似文献
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南方稻区的杂交中稻生产是中国水稻生产的重要组成部分,由于育种技术路线正确,中国率先在超级杂交中稻育种上取得了突破性进展。对中国在超级杂交中稻亲本选育、新组合配制、育种技术体系的建立和推广应用上所取得的进展进行了回顾,指出了在广适性组合较少、推广力度不够,影响超级杂交稻的快速发展,以及高产、优质和高抗有机结合的组合少等方面存在的问题,要从拓宽水稻遗传基础,选育广适性组合、发掘特异种质资源,选育综合性状优良的超高产组合、建立轻型化配套栽培技术体系,加强推广力度3个方面去解决存在的问题,并讨论了中国在超级杂交中稻育种中应加快已有研究成果的转化,选育具有广适性、综合性状优良的超级杂交中稻组合,加强第三期超级杂交稻的研究等方面的研究重点。 相似文献
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超级杂交稻育种的创新思维与实践 总被引：7，自引：0，他引：7
陈立云 《湖南农业大学学报(自然科学版)》2007,(Z1)
超级杂交稻育种的创新思维提出了超级杂交稻育种三步法设想,即超级亲本选育——超级杂交组合选育——超级杂交制种,并详细阐述了各步骤的标准和实现其目标的技术路线;提出了水稻光温敏不育机理新设想:即水稻光温敏核不育系育性转换是主效不育基因与其位置相近的发育感光基因或(和)发育感温基因相互作用的结果,不育基因位点(微效不育基因)可影响两用核不育系的不育起点温度的高低.按照超级杂交稻育种三步法的技术路线,成功选育了父本996和两用核不育系C815S两个超级杂交稻亲本,利用前者选育出适合长江中下游稻区作双季早稻种植的超级杂交早稻组合陆两优996,用后者选配出C两优87和C两优396等增产幅度大、极有应用前景的超级稻新组合.遵循水稻光温敏不育系选育的技术路线,育成C815S,P88S和9771S等实用的水稻两用核不育系. 相似文献
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杂交水稻育种成就与展望——广东省农业科学院杂交水稻研究50年回顾 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
回顾了50年来广东省农业科学院水稻研究所杂交水稻研发历程。经过长期实践探索，广东省农业科学院水稻研究所在弱感光型迟熟三系杂交稻、早中熟三系杂交稻、红莲型杂交稻、两系法杂交稻、杂交稻的高产与超高产育种、优质化育种稻、分子标记辅助育种和杂交稻重要遗传基础研究等方面均取得了重大突破。定向创制出天丰A、五丰A、荣丰A、泰丰A、广8A、GD-1S、RGD-7S等一大批高配合力、高异交率或品质优良的两系和三系不育系，以及广恢3550、广恢122、广恢998、广恢308等一批具有理想动态株型的优良、抗病恢复系，并广泛应用于测交组配，育成一大批类型丰富，早、中、迟熟配套的杂交稻通过省级以上品种审定。其中，天优998、天优122、五优308、淦鑫203、五丰优615、吉优615、吉丰优1002和天优3618等17个组合被认定为超级稻，泰优390、泰优398、泰丰优208、泰优1002获得省级或国家优质稻金奖品种。育成的系列杂交稻在生产上大面积累计推广应用超过4 133万hm2，产生了巨大的社会经济和生态效益，为我国粮食安全和杂交稻种业产业发展作出重要贡献。并就杂交稻未来育种发展方向进行分析展望。 相似文献