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1.
不同继代培养次数对苹果八棱海棠离体培养和遗传转化的影响 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
以苹果八棱海棠离体新梢和幼叶为外植体,研究不同继代次数对其离体繁殖、再生和遗传转化的影响。结果表明,随着继代培养次数的增加,继代10次和48次的八棱海棠离体增殖倍数、生根能力、不定芽的再生频率、每外植体再生芽数和GUS基因瞬时表达率均显著高于继代5次的;继代10次的增殖倍数和GUS阳性率明显多于继代48次的,其它指标相互间差异不显著;说明继代10次的芽苗较适合用于八棱海棠离体培养的外殖体材料,其幼叶较适于遗传转化研究。 相似文献
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苹果离体新梢外植体继代培养次数对其再生的影响 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
对不同继代培养次数的富士、金冠、乔纳金苹果(Malus domestica Borkh. ) 组培离体新梢外植体分别进行新梢增殖倍数、生根和叶片不定芽再生能力研究。结果表明, 3个品种无菌繁殖系建立后第5次继代培养的离体新梢外植体的增殖倍数、生根和叶片不定芽再生能力均较低; 随继代次数增加, 以上各种器官再生能力稳定在较高水平, 继代76、164代的富士及76、84、116代的金冠和乔纳金新梢外植体间均无明显差别。说明苹果新梢外植体达到离体培养状态后经20年100余次继代培养, 其器官再生能力没有显著变化。 相似文献
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五种苹果砧木的生长及生理特性对盐胁迫的响应 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
以八棱海棠(Malus robusta)、平顶海棠(Malus prunifolia)、红果海棠(Malus sieboldii)、珠美海棠(Malus zumi)、西府海棠(Malus micromalus)一年生实生苗为试材,对其进行盐胁迫处理,比较其耐盐性差异。结果表明:随盐浓度增加,参试植物的新梢生长量、叶面积和叶片厚度、根系活力降低,盐害率和盐害指数增加,其中八棱海棠的变化幅度最小,红果海棠相对较大;叶绿素(Chl)和类胡萝卜素(Car)含量变化各异,但八棱海棠和平顶海棠的变化较小;参试植株的可溶性糖及丙二醛(MDA)含量均随盐浓度增加呈上升趋势;超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)和过氧化物酶(POD)活性均受不同程度影响,八棱海棠的SOD活性变化较小;八棱海棠的隶属函数平均值最大,红果海棠的最小。结合其形态表现综合分析认为,5种苹果砧木的耐盐性强弱依次为:八棱海棠、西府海棠、平顶海棠、珠美海棠、红果海棠。 相似文献
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秋水仙素诱导樱桃矮化砧木'吉塞拉6号'获得六倍体再生植株 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
以三倍体樱桃矮化砧木'吉塞拉6号'（Prunus ceransus × P. canescens）的离体叶片为外植体,采用秋水仙素诱导处理再生出六倍体植株。将外植体首先在加有秋水仙素（50 mg. L-1）、生长素（IBA 0.5 mg. L-1）和细胞分裂素（BA 5.0 mg. L-1）的改良WPM液体培养基中培养5 d,再转移到不含秋水仙素（其它成分相同）的固体培养基上继续培养56 d,再生出形态变异明显的新梢。采用流式细胞仪鉴定染色体倍性,确定其为六倍体新梢。六倍体植株与三倍体的'吉塞拉6号'植株形态学上有明显差异。六倍体的试管苗已在大田移栽成活,并已成功高接在甜樱桃大树上。 相似文献
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缺锌胁迫对苹果砧木幼苗形态及其锌积累的影响 总被引：3，自引：2，他引：1
在人工气候室条件下,采用溶液培养法研究了缺锌胁迫下平邑甜茶（Malus hupehensis Rehd.）和小金海棠（Malus xiaojinensis Cheng et Jiang）两种苹果砧木幼苗生长量、根系构型参数、根系活力和锌积累量的动态变化。结果表明：缺锌条件下,两品种均表现不同程度的植株矮小,新生叶片黄化且簇生,节间缩短,根尖膨大等缺锌症状,小金海棠表现缺锌症状比平邑甜茶延迟7 d 左右。长期锌缺乏使平邑甜茶根系生物量显著降低。两品种缺锌植株根系长度、表面积、体积、根尖数从21 d 开始均低于对照;60 d时平邑甜茶较对照分别下降45.47%、44.2%、47.18%、43.14%,小金海棠分别降低38.95%、31.90%、32.58%、35.52%,平邑甜茶被抑制程度大于小金海棠。根系平均直径处理大于对照,且小金海棠表现根系膨大症状较平邑甜茶晚10 d。锌缺乏条件下小金海棠根系活力达最大比平邑甜茶晚15 d。处理和对照幼苗锌含量均表现为根系 > 茎 > 叶片,且小金海棠处理植株 > 平邑甜茶处理植株。平邑甜茶对缺锌胁迫较敏感,根系易受到伤害;小金海棠在缺锌胁迫下锌含量下降速率慢,对缺锌胁迫有较强的抵御和耐受能力。 相似文献
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在茉莉开花前期分别使用不同浓NAA与PP333均匀喷施于植株茎、叶片等生长部位,研究其对茉莉开花的影响,分析测定茉莉新梢叶绿素、可溶性总糖、淀粉含量与α-淀粉酶活性等生理生化指标.结果表明:PP333处理后,茉莉花蕾增多、增大、增重,明显提高花蕾产量,浓度以300 mg/L为宜,其产量比对照增加12.95%,而且花期比较集中,其田间香气与对照没有差异;同时,可以提高新梢叶绿素含量,其可溶性总糖、淀粉也迅速积累,α-淀粉酶则先低于对照而后有上升趋势.NAA处理则相反,其新梢叶绿素、可溶性总糖、淀粉含量、α-淀粉酶活性比对照的低. 相似文献
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离体培养五个苹果品种的梢尖(长约5—8毫米),它们所产生的新梢显然来自侧生分生组织。培养物在十二个月内每三周繁殖近5倍,而且80％以上的新梢形成了根,产生的植株有90％以上已在盛土的花盆中成长。此法使快速繁殖自根苹果树成为可能,对现代高度密植果园制度具有重大的经济效益。 相似文献
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以5年生‘天红2号’苹果/SH40/八棱海棠为试材,对其上部、中部和下部新梢叶片进行13C标记处理,研究其产生的13C同化物的运输分配去向。结果表明：新梢的13C自留量（自身叶片 + 自身新梢）以上部新梢中最高,为91.00%,中部新梢中次之,为79.34%,下部新梢中最小,为67.39%;新梢向其它器官提供13C同化物能力大小的顺序为：下部新梢 > 中部新梢 > 上部新梢;其中向根系的13C分配率差异最为显著,由大到小依次为下部新梢 > 中部新梢 > 上部新梢;上部和中部新梢输出的13C同化物均有超过50%分配到地上部,分别为87.42%和59.79%,而仅有12.58%和40.21%分配到地下部,表现为以向地上部运输为主,而下部新梢分配到根系的13C同化物达到了75.53%,以向根系运输为主。 相似文献
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为了提高欧李果实品质及促进植株生长,给欧李栽培生产提高技术指导,以欧李"燕山1号"为试材,给结果母枝不同程度的留果量和植株新梢不同程度的摘心处理,测定了植株生长指标:结果母枝地径和心径生长量、新梢生长量、新梢叶片叶绿素含量;果实品质指标:果实生长量、单果重、可溶性固形物含量、可滴定酸含量及糖酸比。结果表明:留2摘5,留3摘5,留3摘10,显著抑制了欧李结果母枝的生长量。5 cm摘心显著降低了新梢的生长量。留3摘5显著降低了新梢叶片内的叶绿素含量。留1摘15有助于增长速度和提高单果重,留3摘5抑制果实生长速度和降低单果重,但是相对于对照而言,差异均不显著。留2摘5、和留3摘10均显著降低李果实中可滴定酸的含量,而可溶性固形物含量及糖酸比均无显著性差异。 相似文献
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《中国南方果树》2021,(4)
为了探明引起沃柑叶片黄化相关因子,指导沃柑黄化的综合治理,以防虫玻璃温室中盆栽的沃柑黄化植株和健康植株为材料,检测柑桔黄龙病菌、盆栽土壤的pH值和营养物质含量及褐色根段的真菌种群。结果表明,健康植株和黄化植株均未感染柑桔黄龙病菌。健康植株和黄化植株盆栽土壤中的pH值及有机质、全氮、碱解氮、速效磷和速效钾的含量均无显著性差异。健康植株和黄化植株褐色根段中重要真菌种类均是腐皮镰孢菌Fusarium solani,相对丰度分别为60.347%和47.069%,无显著性差异。盆栽健康植株根系发达,黄化植株根系相对较少。黄化植株经重修剪枝条及断根处理,加土继续盆栽,长出的新梢叶片恢复健康绿色。在未感染柑桔黄龙病和土壤条件基本一致的情况下,沃柑的黄化现象主要是根系稀少及老化,影响了根系吸收功能引起的。断根处理可促进新根生长,提高吸收功能,进而使黄化植株新梢恢复健康绿色。 相似文献
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Clumps of statice (Limonium latifolium) plantlets grown photomixotrophically were used as explants and cultured for 25 days on a sugar-free modified Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium in Magenta-type vessels with the number of air exchanges of the vessel (NAE) being 3.8 h−1, at a photosynthetic photon flux (PPF) of 100 μmol m−2 s−1 and a CO2 concentration of 1500 μmol mol−1 in the culture room. A factorial experiment was conducted with three levels of 6-benzylaminopurine (BA) concentration, namely 0, 0.25 and 0.5 mg L−1, and two types of supporting material, agar and Florialite (a porous material). The control treatment was a photomixotrophic culture using a sugar- and BA (0.25 mg L−1) containing agar medium in the vessel with NAE of 0.2 h−1, at a PPF of 50 μmol m−2 s−1 and a CO2 concentration of 400 μmol mol−1 in the culture room. Leaf area, chlorophyll concentration and net photosynthetic rate were greater in the sugar-free medium treatment with a BA concentration of 0.25 mg L−1 and Florialite than those in the control treatment. The number of shoots and dry weight per clump in the sugar-free medium treatment were comparable to those in the control treatment. Among the sugar-free medium treatments, the number of shoots increased with increasing BA concentration, however, the leaf area, dry weight, chlorophyll concentration and net photosynthetic rate decreased with increasing BA concentration. The use of Florialite significantly enhanced the growth and root induction as well as net photosynthetic rate, compared with the treatments that use agar. These results indicated that sugar-free medium micropropagation could be commercially applied to the multiplication of statice plantlets. 相似文献
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花椰菜雄性不育系组培快繁及无糖培养技术 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
以花椰菜雄性不育亲本的花球为外植体,进行组培快繁及无糖生产技术的研究。结果表明：在MS＋BA 1.0 mg/L＋NAA 0.3 mg/L的培养基上诱导,25 d时不定芽的分化率达到96%,继代增殖在MS＋BA 0.6 mg/L＋NAA 0.1 mg/L的培养基效果最好,增殖率可达4.25倍。无糖组织培养的培养基为MS无机成分＋NAA 0.1,光照4 000 lx,CO2浓度1 000 mL/L,11 d可大量生根。通过上述方法,1个花球,在4个月可生产上万株组培苗,是一种高效快速的方法。 相似文献
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《Scientia Horticulturae》2002,95(3):239-249
Microcuttings (shoots each with two leaves) of Limonium ‘Misty Blue’ were cultivated in vitro for 28 days under photoautotrophic (sucrose-free culture medium; CO2 and photosynthetic photon flux (PPF) enriched conditions), photomixotrophic (medium with 30 g l−1 sucrose; CO2 and PPF enriched conditions) and heterotrophic (medium with 30 g l−1 sucrose; CO2 non-enriched conditions) methods. Several growth variables were measured during and at the end of cultivation: shoot fresh and dry weight, percentage of shoot dry matter, root fresh weight, number of leaves, leaf area, chlorophyll and sugar content of leaves, stomatal density and size, net photosynthetic rate (NPR) and percent survival of plantlets ex vitro. Plantlets grown in photoautotrophic and photomixotrophic methods had more leaves, high chlorophyll and sugar contents, high NPR, and showed high percent survival. However, these plantlets possessed less number of stomata per square millimeter. In contrast, the plantlets grown by the heterotrophic method showed decreased values of these growth variables except for the number of stomata per square millimeter. These results indicate that CO2 enrichment for plantlets in vitro at a relatively high PPF would promote photosynthesis and hence growth of chlorophyllous explants/plantlets in vitro. The resulting plantlets were acclimatized better and sooner on ex vitro transplantation. 相似文献
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M. Tanaka D. C. H. Yap C. K. Y. Ng 《The Journal of Horticultural Science and Biotechnology》2013,88(5):632-638
SummaryCymbidium plantlets were grown in vitro under conditions of high CO2 and low photosynthetic photon flux density using the Miracle Packt culture system. Shoots and roots of plantlets showed differential growth characteristics. Shoot growth was not different in plantlets cultured under CO2-enriched (CDE) and non-enriched (NCDE) conditions. Root growth was promoted in plantlets cultured under CDE in the presence or absence of 2% sucrose (S) with rockwool (R) as the supporting material. Growth was poor in plantlets cultured in 1% agar. Root growth was best in plantlets cultured under CDE R+S. Sucrose is still an important component for root growth under CDE conditions even though CO2 can be used as an alternative carbon source. Photosynthetic measurements (CO2 uptake and total Rubisco activity) showed the presence of active and operational photosynthetic machinery in plantlets cultured under CDE and NCDE conditions. The apparent lack of photoautotrophy (as evident from the lack of starch grains in chloroplasts) in plantlets cultured under NCDE conditions is not the result of a lesser potential for photoautotrophy; rather it is a consequence of sub-optimal CO2 concentrations within the culture vessels. 相似文献
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无病毒草莓丰香（Ｆｒａｇａｒｉａ ａｎａｎａｓｓａ Ｄｕｃｈ．ｃｖ．Ｆｅｎｇｘｉａｎｇ）离体试管苗具有光合能力，但其光合作用受培养基中的蔗糖浓度、培养光强及培养容器内ＣＯ２浓度的影响。在无蔗糖或含有较低浓度蔗糖的培养基上和较高的培养光强下生长的试管苗，其净光合速率（Ｐｎ）、光饱和点和表观量子效率（ＡＱＹ）较高，光补偿点较低。生长有小苗的培养容器内的ＣＯ２浓度只有７０－１２０μｌ·ｌ－１，远远低于大气的ＣＯ２浓度。随着向培养容器中通入ＣＯ２浓度的增加，试管苗的Ｐｎ增加。培养６周试管苗的Ｐｎ高于培养３周的试管苗，培养容器内的ＣＯ２浓度６周培养的低于３周。 相似文献
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NAA、IBA对樱桃砧木(Prunus pseudocerasus Colt)插条的生理、生化代谢和生根的影响 总被引：7，自引：0，他引：7
用NAA、IBA处理樱桃砧木嫩枝和无根组培苗, 测定了插条生根率、生根条数和生理、生化指标的动态变化。结果表明: 经处理后插穗的各项生根指标都得到了显著提高, 其中100 mg/L 浓度的NAA与IBA处理插穗生根率达到了88.3%和85% , 组织培养的试管苗瓶外生根率达89%和87.5%; 嫩枝插穗的可溶性糖、可溶性蛋白质、叶绿素、核酸物质的含量与对照组相比发生了显著的变化: 在不定根原基的诱导期, 插穗叶绿素、核酸、可溶性糖含量显著增加, 可溶性蛋白质含量下降; 在不定根的形成期,插穗的可溶性糖被不定根的形成所消耗而含量显著下降, 但可溶性蛋白质含量逐渐上升; 在不定根形成后插穗具有了吸收外界营养的能力, 故在不定根伸长期叶片中可溶性糖开始积累, 含量上升。这些物质含量的动态变化与插穗生根相关, 说明生长调节剂是通过调节插条内代谢物质的含量来促进插穗的生根。 相似文献
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Pham Van Thanh Jaime A. Teixeira Da Silva Ham Le Huy 《The Journal of Horticultural Science and Biotechnology》2013,88(5):473-478
SummaryThis is the first study to address the effects of permanent magnetic fields (MFs) on the in vitro growth of Phalaenopsis plantlets. Uniform Phalaenopsis Gallant Beau ‘George Vazquez’ plantlets, each with two leaves and two roots, and each approx. 2 cm in height, were excised from a mass of protocorm-like bodies (PLBs) after 3 months of sub-culture. The plantlets (n = 21) were cultured in a film culture system (‘Miracle Pack’®) under MFs of different intensity: 0.10, 0.15, or 0.20 Tesla (T). Each culture vessel at each MF intensity was cultured on the North (N) or South (S) poles of specialised magnets. The 0.15 T MF was also applied for different lengths of time (1, 2, or 3 months) at both the N and S poles. Control plantlets were simply exposed to the naturally-occurring geo-MF, and not to any induced MF. All MFs tested had a positive influence on shoot and root development, but did not influence chlorophyll contents. Among all the intensities and polarities of MF tested, 0.10 T – S had the greatest positive influence on specific growth parameters of Phalaenopsis plantlets such as maximum leaf length, root length, fresh weight and dry weight of shoots and roots, and leaf width. Constant exposure to a MF of 0.15 T for 3 months, at either the N or S poles, significantly enhanced the development of plantlets.The results obtained in this study indicate that MFs can have a positive effect on the efficiency and quality of clonal Phalaenopsis plantlets during commercial production. The MFs from commercially-produced permanent magnets enhanced Phalaenopsis plantlet growth significantly and can be used as a novel means to study the effect of MFs on plant growth and development, or to control morphogenesis in limited spaces such as space stations. 相似文献