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1.
Virucidal efficacy of four new disinfectants 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
Eleraky NZ Potgieter LN Kennedy MA 《Journal of the American Animal Hospital Association》2002,38(3):231-234
Virucidal efficacy was evaluated for four recently available disinfectants: chlorine dioxide, potassium peroxymonosulfate, a quaternary ammonium compound, and citricidal (grapefruit extract). Sodium hypochlorite (3%) and tap water were used as positive and negative controls respectively. Feline herpesvirus, feline calicivirus, and feline parvovirus were exposed to the manufacturers' recommended dilutions of the evaluated disinfectants. Both chlorine dioxide and potassium peroxymonosulfate completely inactivated the three viruses used in this study. These disinfectants can aid in controlling nosocomial transmission of viruses with less of the deleterious effects of sodium hypochlorite. The quaternary ammonium compound evaluated in this study and citricidal were not effective against feline calicivirus and feline parvovirus. 相似文献
2.
Disinfectants play a major role in the control of animal diseases by decontaminating the farm environment. We evaluated the virucidal efficacy of nine commonly used disinfectants on a nonporous surface contaminated experimentally with avian metapneumovirus (aMPV), avian influenza virus, or Newcastle disease virus (NDV). Phenolic compounds and glutaraldehyde were found to be the most effective against all three viruses. Quaternary ammonium compounds were effective against aMPV but not against the other two viruses. In addition, efficacy of commercially available hand sanitizers was evaluated on human fingers contaminated with aMPV and NDV. All three hand sanitizers tested were found to be effective against both viruses within 1 min of application on fingers. 相似文献
3.
《The Journal of Applied Poultry Research》2017,26(4):491-497
Infectious bursal disease is a highly infectious immunosuppressive disease of chickens endemic in many poultry-producing areas around the world. The non-enveloped virus that causes the disease, infectious bursal disease virus (IBDV), is highly stable and resistant to inactivation by common disinfectants. Avian influenza viruses (AIV), on the other hand, are highly vulnerable to most disinfectants due to their phospholipid envelope, but still pose a major threat to the poultry industry, as the outbreaks in 2015 in the United States have shown. Several studies have evaluated the efficacy of disinfectants against both IBDV and AIV but failed to take into consideration factors that would affect the disinfectant efficacy once used in the field, such as organic material. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the efficacy of a commercial combination of quaternary ammonia and glutaraldehyde as a disinfectant against IBDV and AIV in the presence of organic material commonly found in the commercial poultry industry: fecal matter alone, feathers/dust mixed with feces, and bedding material mixed with feces. After a 10-minute disinfectant contact time, each surface was swabbed and virus isolation attempted in embryonated specific-pathogen-free (SPF) chicken eggs. The non-enveloped very virulent (vv) IBDV was reisolated from spiked feces and shavings treated with the disinfectant. This was confirmed by RT-PCR detection of the virus. In contrast, no viral isolate or RT-PCR product was obtained from the samples collected from spiked feathers/dust treated with the disinfectant. Finally, no low pathogenic (LP) AI was re-isolated from the samples treated with the disinfectant indicating that, under laboratory conditions, the combination of quaternary ammonia and glutaraldehyde was partially and completely effective in the inactivation of vvIBDV and LPAI, respectively. Not only the viral envelope, but also the presence of organic matter plays an important role in the viral resistance to disinfectants. 相似文献
4.
Disinfectant susceptibility testing of avian and swine Campylobacter isolates by a filtration method
The susceptibility testing of disinfectants against Campylobacter jejuni and Campylobacter coli strains from broilers and pigs was investigated. The filtration method European standard EN 1040 was adapted to Campylobacter cultures and validated with reference strains. Two disinfectants were tested: 1% benzalkonium chloride active matter, as quaternary ammonium compound, and 0.63% sodium hypochlorite as chlorine-releasing agent. Both disinfectants were effective against the 34 Campylobacter strains tested after 5 min exposure under in vitro conditions. No link between resistance to disinfectants and antibiotics could be observed. 相似文献
5.
多重RT-PCR检测猪口蹄疫病毒、猪水泡病病毒和猪水疱性口炎病毒的研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
建立了一种同时检测猪口蹄疫病毒(FMDV)、猪水泡病病毒(SVDV)和猪水疱性口炎病毒(VSV)三种病原体的多重RT-PCR方法。参照文献报道的基因序列,设计合成了三对特异性引物;PCR扩增条件进行优化后,用这三对引物对同一样品中的FMDV、SVDV、VSVRNA模板进行扩增,结果同时得到了三条特异性条带,大小与试验设计相符:FMDV(208bp)、SVDV(862bp)、VSV(638bp),且对猪瘟病毒(CSFV)、猪繁殖与呼吸综合症病毒(PRRSV)和猪传染性胃肠炎病毒(TGEV)核酸扩增结果为阴性;三种病毒RNA模板检出的最小量均为10fg。试验证明,此方法经济、快速、敏感、特异,可用于FMDV、SVDV和VSV这三种猪水泡性疾病的鉴别诊断及流行病学调查。 相似文献
6.
Shiow S Lai P.D McKercher D.M Moore J.H Gillespie 《Comparative immunology, microbiology and infectious diseases》1979,2(4):459-468
Coxsackievirus B5 (CB5) was serially passaged five times in pigs in an attempt to establish clinical disease. No clinical signs were seen although some pigs had a transient rise in rectal temperature. Viremia was not detected although virus was isolated from nasal swabs and fecal samples. No CB5 specific fluorescence or virus was detected in any tissues of five passages by immunofluorescent test and tissue culture methods, respectively.
Brain lesions were noted in all passages; extensiveness of lesions increased slightly up to the third passage although no evidence of increasing viral replication was found. No increase in brain lesions was found in the fourth and fifth passages. The development and progress of brain lesions were similar to but less extensive than those caused by swine vesicular disease virus (SVDV) in most pigs examined. Contact pigs also showed more brain lesions than inoculated pigs. In some passages, microscopic changes also were found in the heart. All pigs exposed to CB5 had positive neutralizing antibody titres against CB5 and SVDV but became ill after challenge with SVDV. There was an anamnestic response to both viruses following challenge. 相似文献
7.
During the hunting season 1996-1999, blood samples were collected from wild boar shot in The Netherlands. Sera were screened for presence of antibodies against classical swine fever virus (CSFV), swine vesicular disease virus (SVDV), Aujeszky's disease virus (ADV), and Trichinella spiralis. The results indicate that CSFV, SVDV, and ADV are uncommon in the wild boar population. Therefore, it seems that CSFV, SVDV, and ADV infection in the wild boar population is not an important reservoir in The Netherlands. ADV and CSFV infections are endemic in the wild boar population in Germany. Since contact between the German and Dutch wild boar populations can not be excluded, continuation of the sero-surveillance system seems appropriate. In the decade before 1998, the wild boar population in The Netherlands seemed to be free of T. spiralis. Whether the finding, in the hunting season of 1998-1999, of a few wild boar with antibodies against T. spiralis is an artefact or not, should be investigated in further research. 相似文献
8.
J J Esterhuysen G R Thomson M D Gainaru 《The Onderstepoort journal of veterinary research》1992,59(3):223-224
An indirect ELISA incorporating a protein A-peroxidase conjugate was developed for detecting antibodies to swine vesicular disease virus (SVDV) in pig sera. This test and a conventional virus neutralization test were found to be equally sensitive. A total of 2846 pig sera collected from various abattoirs in South Africa were tested using the indirect ELISA. No serological evidence of infection with SVDV in pigs in South Africa was found. 相似文献
9.
为评价戊二醛、酚、含碘类等常用消毒剂消毒后对非洲猪瘟病毒荧光定量PCR检测结果的影响,基于畜禽栏舍、运载工具、器具消毒及皮肤黏膜消毒目的,按消毒剂说明书推荐选择不同工作浓度,分别与不同滴度的非洲猪瘟病毒培养物于20℃条件下作用30 min后,采用荧光定量PCR方法检测作用后产物。结果显示,与对应的阳性对照组相比,含氯类(二氯异氰尿酸钠)、过硫酸氢钾类、二氧化氯类消毒剂,消毒后对荧光定量PCR检测结果影响最显著,检测Ct值显著上升或检测不到;戊二醛类、含碘类(主要成分聚维酮碘)消毒剂,核酸降解能力相对较弱,检测Ct值稍有上升;酚类、季铵盐类、含碘类(主要成分碘、磷酸、硫酸)类消毒剂,检测Ct值基本无变化。本研究评价了7类常用消毒剂消毒对非洲猪瘟病毒荧光定量PCR检测结果的影响,可为防控实践中科学、客观评价分析消毒效果提供技术参考。 相似文献
10.
Swine vesicular disease virus (SVDV) and Coxsackie B5 virus (CVB5) are closely related viruses that can infect swine and man and give rise to cross-reacting serum antibodies. It is, therefore, possible that SVD antibodies found in serologic screenings of pigs are induced by CVB5. Single positive animals found in screening programmes are generally referred to as singleton reactors (SR). To determine whether SR in SVDV screenings are induced by CVB5 infection, virus neutralisation tests (VNTs) and radioimmunoprecipitation assays (RIPA) were carried out on sera of SR, sera of pigs experimentally infected with SVDV, and sera from pigs vaccinated with CVB5 isolates.The SR sera reacted repeatedly positive in the SVDV UKG/27/72 VNT, but reacted differently in three other VNTs (SVDV NET/1/92, CVB5A, and CVB5B). The VNT titres obtained with the SR sera revealed a correlation between both SVDV strains, and also between both CVB5 stains, but no correlation was found between SVD and CVB5 VNT titres. Sera of experimentally infected (SVDV) or vaccinated (CVB5) pigs showed titres in all four neutralisation tests.In the RIPA, the reaction patterns of the SR sera varied considerably with all four antigens used, in contrast to sera from pigs experimentally infected with SVDV that reacted with all antigens used, and sera from pigs vaccinated with CVB5 that reacted only with CVB5 antigens. The results presented in this paper show that neither CVB5 nor SVDV infections are the only cause of the SR phenomenon. Testing for CVB5 specific antibodies can reduce the number of SR sera in the serodiagnosis of SVDV. 相似文献
11.
【目的】研究复方季铵盐泡沫消毒剂的成泡性能,并评估该消毒剂对新城疫病毒（Newcastle disease virus,NDV）和猪瘟病毒（Classical swine fever virus,CSFV）的杀灭效果,以及不同作用浓度和时间对消毒效果的影响。【方法】通过响应面法对复方季铵盐泡沫消毒剂中苯扎溴铵、癸甲溴铵和癸基葡萄糖苷3种成分的含量进行优化;采用悬浮杀灭试验,以细胞感染方法,测定该消毒剂稀释度为1：100、1：200、1：400、1：500、1：600、1：800和1：1 000时分别作用5、10和15 min对NDV LaSota株的灭活率;采用悬液定量法,测定该消毒剂稀释度为1：200、1：300、1：400、1：500、1：600时分别作用3、5、7、10和15 min对CSFV Thiveral株的灭活率。【结果】复方季铵盐泡沫消毒剂中主要成分苯扎溴铵、癸甲溴铵和癸基葡萄糖苷含量配比分别为1.4%、3.8%和0.75%时,成泡时间达到83 min。该消毒剂在稀释度最高为1：400（以总含量计约为137.5 mg/L）时,最短作用时间5 min,对NDV LaSota株灭活率为100%;最短作用时间为3 min时,对CSFV Thiveral株灭活率达到100%;作用时间延长至15 min时,对2种病毒的灭活率均稳定保持在100%。复方季铵盐泡沫消毒剂的稀释度低于1：400时,对NDV LaSota株杀灭效果不佳;稀释度为1：500（以总含量计约为110 mg/L）、1：600（以总含量计约为91.67 mg/L）时,作用时间10 min,对CSFV Thiveral株灭活率达到100%,作用时间延长至15 min时,灭活率稳定保持在100%。【结论】复方季铵盐泡沫消毒剂中苯扎溴铵、癸甲溴铵和癸基葡萄糖苷含量为1.4%、3.8%和0.75%时成泡效果最优,该消毒剂对NDV和CSFV杀灭效果较好,为其在养殖场的规范使用提供参考与理论依据,也为畜禽养殖业场地环境消毒效果评价提供更多的可能性。 相似文献
12.
K. J. Srensen 《Acta veterinaria Scandinavica》1980,21(3):318
A counter immunoelectrophoresis test (GIET) for assay of antibody to swine vesicular disease virus (SVDV) is described and compared with the serum neutralization test (SNT) and the double immunodiffusion test (DIDT). Using a preparation of complete or empty virus particles as antigen the GIET was found to be more sensitive than the DIDT. The GIET is rapid and economic, and although less sensitive than the SNT it was suggested as an initial large scale screening test for SVD antibody. 相似文献
13.
14.
应用RT-PCR方法快速检测水泡性口炎病毒 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
针对水泡性口炎病毒(VSV)的两种血清型设计了2对引物，建立RT-PCR方法，用于检测VSV。VSV接种细胞出现明显的细胞病变，经RT-PCR检测为阳性，而检测口蹄疫、猪水泡病均为阴性，说明引物具有较好的特异性。 相似文献
15.
D T Shen T B Crawford J R Gorham T C McGuire 《American journal of veterinary research》1977,38(8):1217-1219
Twelve chemicals and commercial disinfectants were tested for inactivation of equine infectious anemia virus. In the presence of 10% bovine serum, all chemicals inactivated 4 log10 (based on 0.1 ml) of the virus within 5 minutes at 23 C. A reduction of at least 4 log10 was observed when the virus was exposed for 1 minute to substituted phenolic disinfectants (3 commercial preparations and sodium orthophenylphenate), halogen derivatives (iodophor and sodium hypochlorite), chlorhexidine, and 70% ethanol. Sodium hydroxide (5%), 2% formalin, and 2% glutaraldehyde were slower to inactivate the virus, but achieved 4 log10 reduction in titer by 5 minutes' contact time. The susceptibility of the equine infectious anemia virus to chemical disinfectants is similar to that of other enveloped viruses. 相似文献
16.
17.
A modified version of the test method of the Comité Européen de Normalisation (CEN) was developed using formic acid and three commercial disinfectants to evaluate virucidal activity against three non-enveloped viruses, bovine enterovirus type 1 (ECBO virus), mammalian orthoreovirus type 1 and bovine adenovirus type 1 (BAV 1). Determination of the effects of temperature was carried out at 20 and 10 degrees C. All tests with protein load used bovine serum albumin (BSA) and yeast extract. The investigations were performed in suspension tests and in carrier tests using poplar wood virus carriers. The carrier tests showed that ECBO virus could be inactivated at 20 degrees C with 1% formic acid within a 60 min reaction time. For disinfection of ECBO virus at 10 degrees C within 60 min, a 2% concentration of formic acid was necessary. Formic acid was ineffective against reovirus and bovine adenovirus and cannot be recommended as a reference disinfectant. Inactivation of ECBO virus and adenovirus type 1 using a disinfectant containing aldehydes and alcohols could be achieved, but only at room temperature. The disinfection of reovirus type 1 at room temperature with this product was possible without a protein load. This disinfectant exhibited disinfection ability at 10 degrees C at a concentration of more than 2% or with a longer exposure time. A disinfectant containing aldehydes was effective at room temperature but its effect was reduced in the presence of organic matter. Inactivation at 10 degrees C was found only against adenovirus. The fourth disinfectant, which contained peroxiacetic acid, inactivated all test viruses at a concentration of 0.5% within 15 min independent of temperature and protein load. 相似文献
18.
Virucidal disinfectants and feline viruses 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
F W Scott 《American journal of veterinary research》1980,41(3):410-414
Thirty-five commonly used commercial disinfectants (disinfectants, antiseptics, sanitizers, and detergents) were evaluated for their virucidal activity against three feline viruses; feline viral rhinotracheitis virus (a herpesvirus), feline calicivirus, and feline panleukopenia virus (a parvovirus). Disinfectants were diluted as recommended by the manufacturer and were reacted with virus for 10 minutes at room temperature. Viruses were separated from disinfectants by gel filtration in special centrifuge tubes, and were assayed for infectivity in feline cell cultures. All 22 products tested were virucidal for feline viral rhinotracheitis virus, 11 of 35 were virucidal for feline calicivirus, but only 3 of 27 tested were effective against feline panleukopenia virus. A 0.175% sodium hypochlorite solution was the most effective and practical broad-spectrum virucidal product used alone or in combination with other disinfectants/detergents. 相似文献
19.
多重PCR同时检测口蹄疫病毒、猪水疱病病毒和水疱性口炎病毒 总被引：3，自引：3，他引：0
根据基因库中的口蹄疫病毒（FM—DV）,猪水疱病病毒（SVDV）和水疱性口炎病毒（VSV）各基因序列,设计了与FMDV,SVDV和VSV互补的3对特异性引物,对样品中的cDNA模板进行了多重PCR扩增及反应条件的优化,结果同时得到与设计相符合的3条特异性条带,分别为189bp,125bp和300bp。用这3对引物对病毒样品cDNA模板进行多次扩增,均能稳定得到与设计相符合的3条特异性条带。本试验能特异、敏感、快速地鉴定FMDV,SVDV和VSV。 相似文献
20.
旨在建立口蹄疫病毒(foot-and-mouth disease virus, FMDV)抗原血清型的快速分型和定量的检测方法,利用双抗体夹心法,将口蹄疫病毒的兔抗及豚鼠抗体作为标记胶体金与NC膜检测带的原料,分别制备出检测O、A、Asia 1血清型的3种层析试纸卡。通过对标定的抗原标准品146S检测,拟合出定量标准曲线。免疫层析方法的质量验证通过特异性、敏感性、重复性及与蔗糖密度梯度法(sucrose density gradient, SDG)的相关性进行评价。结果显示:建立的快速定量检测方法,3种血清型口蹄疫病毒间无交叉反应,同时与其他非口蹄疫病毒,如塞内卡病毒A型(SVA)、猪水疱病病毒(SVDV)、猪水疱性口炎病毒(VSV)无非特异反应;敏感性研究,对O、A、Asia 1型病毒的最低检出量分别为0.567、0.693、0.219μg·mL-1,拟合的3条标准曲线的线性相关系数R~2>0.97,新建立方法与蔗糖密度梯度法检测结果的相关系数均>0.9, 3种层析试纸卡的变异系数均小于10%。综上表明,建立的口蹄疫O、A、Asia1型病毒胶体金免疫层析定量检测试纸卡方法,可以用于口蹄疫病毒抗原快速鉴别、血清分型与146S定量检测。 相似文献