共查询到18条相似文献，搜索用时 281 毫秒
1.
为探索云南不同栽培区油橄榄的丛枝菌根状况,在云南省3个主要的油橄榄引种栽培区即永仁、丽江和昆明的油橄榄种植园,选择4年生油橄榄幼树为研究对象,采用形态学的研究方法,对该树种的丛枝菌根(AM)状况和土壤中丛枝菌根真菌(AMF)的孢子数量和群落组成进行了研究。结果发现,3地种植园的油橄榄植株根系均有AMF的定殖,根系中AMF的总定殖率分别为47.11%、71.79%和87.15%,孢子密度依次为300.22个/20g土、702.56个/20g土和489.75个/20g土。统计分析表明,根系AMF总定殖率昆明显著高于丽江,丽江显著高于永仁(p0.05),3地根际土壤中AMF孢子密度差异显著。从永仁、丽江和昆明油橄榄的根际土壤中分离到的AMF孢子种类分别为6种、4种和4种,大果球囊霉是3地共有AMF优势种;永仁样地AMF类群显著不同于昆明和丽江两个样地,与两地的AMF群落相似性Sorenson’s系数均为0.2;昆明和丽江两地的共有种除大果球囊霉以外,还有缩球囊霉和根内球囊霉,两地的Sorenson’s系数达0.75。 相似文献
2.
不同树龄刺槐林丛枝菌根真菌的空间分布及与根际土壤因子的关系 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
对黄土高原丘陵区不同树龄刺槐林的2个土层丛枝菌根真菌与土壤因子的关系进行研究.结果表明:相同树龄刺槐林菌根侵染率与孢子密度均为0 ～ 20 cm土层高于20 ～ 40 cm土层.上下土层菌根侵染率和20～40 cm土层的孢子密度随着树龄的增大先增加后降低,而0～20 cm土层的孢子密度随着树龄的增大在出现2次高峰后逐渐降低,最高菌根侵染率和最大孢子密度分别出现在树龄21年和26年.相关性分析表明:菌根侵染率和孢子密度与脲酶极显著正相关;孢子密度与碱解氮、速效磷、碱性磷酸酶极显著正相关,与pH值极显著负相关;总球囊霉素、易提取球囊霉素与有机碳极显著正相关.主成分分析表明:碱解氮、速效磷、速效钾和碱性磷酸酶是影响刺槐菌根发育和反映黄土高原丘陵区营养状况的主要因子. 相似文献
3.
[目的]探讨氮沉降和生物炭添加对毛竹林丛枝菌根真菌特征的影响，为全球变化背景下毛竹林的可持续经营提供科学参考。[方法]以毛竹林为研究对象，探讨了不同梯度的氮沉降(0、 30、 60和90kg·hm-2·yr-1)和生物炭添加(0、20和40 t·hm-2)及其复合作用对毛竹林AMF侵染率和孢子密度以及土壤理化性质的影响。[结果]与对照(0kg·hm-2·yr-1 N+0t·hm-2BC)相比，氮添加显著降低了AMF侵染率(16.1%～51.7%)。高生物炭添加(40 t·hm-2)显著降低了AMF侵染率(46.0%)，但提高了孢子密度(162.5%)。在氮添加处理下，生物炭添加提高了AMF侵染率，对孢子密度无显著影响。AMF侵染率与土壤p H呈显著正相关关系，与有效氮和有效磷呈显著负相关关系。AMF孢子密度与有效磷呈显著正相关关系。[结论]在氮添加处理下，生物炭添加提高了AMF侵染率，增强了毛竹与AMF的共生关系，表明在氮沉降背景下生... 相似文献
4.
以滇西北香格里拉亚高山地区生态严重退化的荒草坡植被类型和基本实现恢复的近原生林地植被类型中主要植物的丛枝菌根真菌(AMF)作为研究对象,对这些植物根系的AMF感染率及其根际土壤中的AMF孢子密度进行了调查研究。结果表明,荒草坡的10种植物和近原生林地的9种植物,均形成典型的丛枝菌根(AM)。荒草坡和近原生林植物根际土壤中的平均孢子密度分别为674±221(SE)个/100g土和290±72个/100g土。单因素方差分析表明,两植被类型的主要植物在根系AMF菌丝感染率以及根际土壤中AMF孢子密度方面的差异都极显著。同种植物在近原生林地具有较高的AMF感染率,而根际土壤中的孢子密度则是在荒草坡为高。相关性分析表明,所调查植物的根系AMF菌丝感染率与根际土壤中的AMF孢子密度间不存在相关性。 相似文献
5.
《西部林业科学》2021,(4)
为了研究油桐根系丛枝菌根(AM)共生状况和丛枝菌根真菌(AMF)多样性,并通过油桐苗木AMF接种试验以探索与油桐高效种植相配套的菌根接种技术。在云南丘北,对4 a生和10 a生油桐人工林的根系丛枝菌根真菌定殖及根际丛枝菌根真菌多样性进行了研究,采用油桐林的土著AMF和商品AMF菌剂"Endo"开展了接种试验研究。结果显示:10 a生的油桐具有更高的AMF定殖程度,而4 a生的油桐根际孢子密度相对比较大;油桐育苗期对土著菌种接种具有较好的响应,接种后苗木生长状况基本优于对照;在幼树初期,"Endo"菌剂对油桐植株的促进生长效应较为显著,接种处理也基本优于对照;菌剂在育苗基质中浓度越大,促进生长效果越好。 相似文献
6.
紫背天葵（Begonia fimbristipula）是集营养保健和特殊风味为一身的野生高档蔬菜之一,也是
南方传统中药材,但人工栽培尚存在较大的技术障碍。以紫背天葵为研究对象,对分布于广西壮族自治
区贺州市姑婆山国家森林公园的野生植株根际土丛枝菌根真菌（Arbuscular Mycorrhiza Fungi,AMF）孢
子、菌根侵染率和土壤营养元素等开展研究,以期对后期的菌根化栽培提供技术支撑。结果表明：紫背
天葵根际土中AMF 种类丰富,孢子密度大,菌根侵染率较高,共统计真菌孢子26 种,主要属为球囊霉
属（Glomus）、无梗囊霉属（Acaulospora）、盾孢囊霉（Scutellospora）和巨孢囊霉属（Gigaspora）;根际
土孢子密度和菌根侵染率在不同采样点间存在显著性差异,而且均与土壤的全K 含量呈负相关,与交换
性Ca 含量呈正相关,另外,AMF 孢子丰富度与速效K 呈负相关,菌根侵染率与有机质含量呈正相关。
可见紫背天葵野生根际土的真菌孢子在K 含量较低时,多样性较高,主要为球囊霉属和无梗囊霉属的种
类。 相似文献
7.
《林业科学》2021,(9)
【目的】为探明湖北、安徽两省20个典型采样地枫香根际丛枝菌根真菌(AMF)多样性,对枫香根际土壤中AMF种类、分布、菌根侵染等状况进行调查,初步了解该地区枫香林区AMF资源情况,为进一步探究当地枫香林地AMF群落结构及其生理生态功能提供参考。【方法】以10、20、50和100年生枫香为对象,采集枫香根际5～25 cm土壤样品,测定土壤理化性质。试验基于形态特征对分离的AMF孢子进行分类鉴定,利用KOH脱色锥虫蓝染色法观察20个采样地枫香根系的AMF侵染状况。冗余分析(RDA)探讨枫香根际丛枝菌根真菌与土壤因子的关系。【结果】1) 20个样本中97.65%的枫香根样均检测到了AMF侵染,侵染率为49.43%～73.84%,平均侵染率为62.07%,安徽稽灵山枫香根样侵染率最高(73.84%),湖北九峰山森林公园枫香根样侵染率最低(49.43%)。根内真菌丛枝和泡囊较多,呈均匀分布,表明枫香容易被AMF侵染,但不同采样点之间无显著差异(P0.05)。2)取样地土壤中分离出AMF孢子数为[86～275个·(50 g)~(-1)]土,平均孢子密度为166个·(50 g)~(-1)土,表现为安徽稽灵山最高[275个·(50 g)~(-1)土],安徽黄山最低[86个·(50 g)~(-1)土]。3)通过形态学鉴定,共分离AM真菌11属46种,其中球囊霉属12种、无梗囊霉属13种、盾巨孢囊霉属5种,为取样地区枫香根际土壤AM真菌的优势属。4)土壤总球囊霉素和易提取球囊霉素含量分别在1.01～2.01 mg·g~(-1)和0.62～0.84 mg·g~(-1)之间。5)不同取样点枫香根际土壤AM真菌的属数、Shannon(香农)和Simpson多样性指数呈显著性差异(P0.05),并发现黄山林科院AMF的均匀度指数(1.04±0.03)和香农指数(3.55±0.04)最高。6) RDA分析可知枫香根际土壤过氧化氢酶活性、土壤有机质、土壤pH值和土壤蔗糖酶活性与AMF多样性呈显著相关(P0.05)。其中土壤pH和土壤过氧化氢酶活性对AMF多样性影响最大,土壤蔗糖酶活性和总球囊霉素含量呈显著正相关(R=0.705,P0.05)。【结论】湖北、安徽两省的20个样地人工林和天然林枫香根际均可形成丛枝菌根,根际土壤中的AMF孢子多样性丰富,球囊霉属为优势菌群。本研究结合AMF在生态系统中的分布特点,为开发枫香专用AMF肥料提供了丰富的菌种资源。 相似文献
8.
《西部林业科学》2016,(4)
为探讨内蒙古大青山土庄绣线菊根围丛枝菌根真菌(arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi,AMF)多样性及季节变化规律,分别于2014年春、夏、秋3个季节采集土庄绣线菊根际土壤,采用湿筛倾析-蔗糖离心法分离AMF孢子,运用形态学方法进行种类鉴定。结果表明,AMF侵染强度、丛枝丰富度、孢子密度、种的丰富度的季节变化存在显著的差异,4个指标均显示夏季最高,秋季次之,春季最低。3个季节共分离出AMF10属44种,包括2个未知种,其中Rhizophagus、Funneliformis和Glomus为3个季节的共有优势属,Rhizophagus intraradices和Funneliformis mosseae为3个季节的共有优势种。丰富度、Shannon指数和Simpson指数与全N和速效P呈显著负相关,与速效K呈显著正相关。丰富度与p H值呈显著负相关,与碱解N呈显著正相关。土庄绣线菊根际AMF季节变化与植物物候一致,并与土壤因子密切相关。 相似文献
9.
10.
《西部林业科学》2020,(2)
为探究丛枝菌根真菌(AMF)对东川引种树种——鸡蛋花干腐病的抗性机理,利用病害调查法对4块样地干腐病的发病率和发病程度进行调查,利用湿筛沉淀法对AMF真菌的孢子密度进行研究,利用菌根侵染率检测法对AMF真菌的菌根侵染率进行研究,利用生理生化指标对鸡蛋花植株的CAT活性、POD活性、SOD活性及Soluble protein含量进行测定,并用特征指数及SPSS进行数据分析。结果表明,(1)AMF种类越多,菌根孢子密度越大,菌根侵染率越高,病害的发病率及病情指数就越小(P0.01),相对应的CAT活性、POD活性、SOD活性及Soluble protein含量有显著性提高(P0.05);(2)人工接种2种AMF和接种15种AMF的结果显示AMF能显著降低鸡蛋花干腐病的发病率和感病指数,显著增加鸡蛋花POD活性、SOD活性及Soluble protein含量,野外调查和室内接种试验结果吻合。由此得出AMF生物制剂能提高鸡蛋花对干腐病菌抗性的结论。 相似文献
11.
《林业研究》2017,(6)
The biodiversity of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi(AMF) was surveyed in the Kolm region of Iran in three adjacent sites, a natural stand, a 10-year-old and a 15-yearold plantation of Amygdalus scoparia. To date, there have been few studies of AMF biodiversity in Iran, especially in the western forests of the country. For this study, soil and root samples were taken from A. scoparia rhizosphere soil in spring and autumn. Almost half of the root length was colonized by AMF. We identified 13 AMF species belonging to Glomeraceae, Claroideoglomeraceae or Diversisporaceae. The three plantations differed in terms of soil electrical conductivity, organic C and P. Spore density was significant correlated with P concentration. Root length colonization was correlated only with soil Ca.Species diversity and richness were significantly correlated with soil N, P, organic C and spore density. AMF diversity in 15-year-old plantations was more similar to that in the natural stand than in the 10-year-old plantation. We confirmed that a 15-year-old plantation is not similar in terms of AMF colonization to natural stands. We conclude that more than 15 years are required for AMF colonization of plantations to resemble that of natural stands. 相似文献
12.
广东清远石灰岩3个植物群落菌根及土壤AMF孢子多样性 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
以广东省清远市清新县石灰岩山区风水林、次生草坡和旱作耕地的退化植被群落为主要研究对象,比较研究了3个植物群落常见植物的菌根感染率和根际土丛枝型菌根真菌(AMF)孢子的密度和丰富度。结果如下:在所检测的29种常见植物中,除凹头苋(Amaranthus blitum)外,其余植物均具有典型的丛枝型菌根结构;次生草坡植物的菌根感染强度和频度均较高,风水林次之,旱作耕地杂草的菌根感染强度和频度相对较低;在3个植物群落土样中共分离出70种AMF孢子,以球囊霉属(Glomus)最为丰富,无梗囊霉属(Acaulospora)次之;林相保护较完整、植物较丰富的风水林拥有最丰富的AMF孢子类型和最高的密度,而结构退化、物种贫乏的次生草坡和旱作耕地中的AMF孢子类型少,密度也明显降低。研究表明植物群落的物种多样性与其根际土AMF孢子丰富度和多样性具有密切的联系。 相似文献
13.
《林业研究》2021,(2)
Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi(AMF) form a near-ubiquitous mutualistic association with roots to help plants withstand harsh environments,and play a key role in the establishment of coastal beach plant communities.Yet little is known about the structure and composition of AMF communities on coastal beaches of eastern China.In this study,we investigated the occurrence,community composition and diversity of AMF associated with common wild plants on a coastal beach of North Jiangsu,China.Almost all of the local wild species were colonized by AMF except for Chenopodium album L.Thirty-seven AMF species were isolated from the rhizosphere belonging to 12 genera in seven families.Glomus was the dominant genus and Funneliformis mosseae the dominant species.The colonization,spore composition and diversity of AMF were strongly related to edaphic factors.Sodium(Na~+) ions in the soil significantly and negatively affected the colonization rate by AMF and both soil Na~+ levels and pH had a significant negative effect on AMF spore density and evenness.However,there was a significant positive correlation between species richness and total organic carbon.The results provide insights into soil factors affecting native AMF communities in coastal beach habitats which could benefit vegetation recovery and soil reclamation efforts. 相似文献
14.
The authors presented the enzyme characteristics of catalase, sucrase, urease and alkaline phosphatase under agroforestry systems in northern Jiangsu Province. The results show that soil enzyme activities reduce gradually from top to bottom layer of the soil profile, and the fluctuations of catalase and urease are smaller than those of sucrase and alkaline phosphatase. Soil enzyme activities differe significantly in different samples, and the order is arranged as poplar-crop intercropping segment (A, D) > paulownia-crop intercropping segment (B, C) > CK. Furthermore, soil enzyme activities increase with intercropping age. On the other hand, in the same plot, there are closer relationships between enzymes in the soil samples. Catalase, alkaline phosphatase and urease are negatively related, while alkaline phosphatase and urease are positively related (except in samples B and C). In addition, the enzyme activities have a close relationship with the fertilizers. Catalase is positively correlated with the soil pH value (r = 0.854, 0.804, 0.078 and 0.082, respectively), and is negatively correlated with total N (r = –0.201, –0.529, –0.221 and –0.821, respectively), total P (r = –0.143, –0.213, –0.362 and –0.751, respectively) and available P (r = –0.339, –0.351, –0.576, and –0.676, respectively). Sucrase, urease and alkaline phosphatase are negatively correlated with the pH value, while positively correlated with the other fertilizers (r 1). The authors suggest that enzyme activity will be a great potential as an indicator of soil quality. 相似文献
15.
The biodiversity of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) was surveyed in the Kolm region of Iran in three adjacent sites, a natural stand, a 10-year-old and a 15-year-old plantation of Amygdalus scoparia. To date, there have been few studies of AMF biodiversity in Iran, especially in the western forests of the country. For this study, soil and root samples were taken from A. scoparia rhizosphere soil in spring and autumn. Almost half of the root length was colonized by AMF. We identified 13 AMF species belonging to Glomeraceae, Claroideoglomeraceae or Diversisporaceae. The three plantations differed in terms of soil electrical conductivity, organic C and P. Spore density was significant correlated with P concentration. Root length colonization was correlated only with soil Ca. Species diversity and richness were significantly correlated with soil N, P, organic C and spore density. AMF diversity in 15-year-old plantations was more similar to that in the natural stand than in the 10-year-old plantation. We confirmed that a 15-year-old plantation is not similar in terms of AMF colonization to natural stands. We conclude that more than 15 years are required for AMF colonization of plantations to resemble that of natural stands. 相似文献
16.
Marcela C. Pagano Marta N. Cabello Antonio F. Bellote Nadja M. Sá Maria Rita Scotti 《Agroforestry Systems》2008,74(3):231-242
For the purpose of reforestation and wood supply the leguminous tree Anadenanthera peregrina, a native species, was intercropped with Eucalyptus camaldulensis in a degraded semiarid area of Brazil. Single and mixed stands of these species were inoculated with Rhizobium and/or arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF). The growth of all species in mixed stands did not differ from those cultivated
in monoculture and land equivalent ratio (LER) exceeded unity in intercropped plots. Inoculated plants showed greater height
and diameter growth and dry matter and nutrient concentration in plants of A. peregrina was higher in inoculated single plots. The distribution, composition and density of AMF species was related to the rhizosphere
effect of plant species. The intercropped model where all the plants were inoculated achieved soil AMF diversity patterns
similar to those of the preserved area and showed also higher soil organic matter, nutrient content as well as a reduction
in soil macroporosity. This model of intercropping may be considered as an efficient system for reforestation under semiarid
conditions. 相似文献
17.
采用分层挖掘法,对株行距为3 m×8 m的核桃-决明子复合模式中的根生物量、总根长密度、吸收根的根长密度和根系直径等进行了调查。结果表明：核桃单作的总根长密度比核桃间作的高7%左右,且在各个土层中吸收根的根长密度都高于核桃间作,而二者的总根生物量和根系直径则差异较小。决明子单作的根系直径比间作决明子的大27.73%,但二者的根长密度和根生物量则差异不大。在核桃-决明子复合模式中,核桃总根生物量和吸收根长均占复合模式总根量的一半以上,其中,在水平方向上,决明子在树行南侧2.5、4.0 m位置根系分布最多,而树行南北1.5 m范围内则较少;核桃根系则主要分布在树行两侧1.5 m范围内。垂直方向上,核桃在30~80 cm土层中的根生物量和吸收根长分别占其总量的64.79%和61.17%,而59.54%的决明子根系分布在0~20 cm土壤中。 相似文献
18.
Arbuscular mycorrhizas and performance of Polylepis australis trees in relation to livestock density
Polylepis australis trees endemic to Argentina dominate the canopy of subtropical high altitude forests. Here, livestock rearing is the main economic activity and is suspect of the low performance of P. australis trees through direct and indirect effects which could include the reduction in arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) and their benefit to trees. To elucidate the role of AMF, we compare plant performance indicators, arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) colonization and AMF communities in 20 trees distributed in two areas of central Argentina which differed in livestock grazing intensity. The area with high livestock density presented more soil degradation and trees with a lower overall plant performance than the area with reduced livestock density. The AM colonization values of P. australis were considerably higher than reported for other tree species and the area with high livestock density had a lower proportion of arbuscules and higher proportion of hyphae, while vesicles and AM colonization – all structure considered together – did not differ between areas. Overall AMF spore number and of most species when considered separately was significantly higher in the area with high livestock density, suggesting a high tolerance and adaptation of AMF to livestock. We conclude that a reduction in livestock improves the performance of P. australis, that this improvement could be mediated by an increase in the proportion of arbuscules, but there does not appear to be any limitation in AM colonization or AMF spore number which could otherwise be limiting forest restoration. 相似文献