共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 562 毫秒
1.
板栗是我国一种优良干果树种.板栗枝干病害是板栗病害中最严重的病害,对板栗产量影响很大.主要针对安徽板栗生产实际,通过对板栗枝干病害与栗园郁闭度、板栗品种、树龄等林分因素以及与土壤种类、土壤肥力、地形地貌、栗园小气候等环境因素关系的分析,发现板栗枝干病害的发生、发展主要是由于造林地选择不当、管理不善.树龄、郁闭度等林分因子,坡向、坡位、海拔高度等环境因子,以及温湿度、光照等气候因子也与板栗枝干病害的发生和发展有重要关系.同时提出了防治对策. 相似文献
2.
3.
我国板栗产业发展现状及策略 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
《西部林业科学》2017,(5)
从板栗生产、贮藏、加工、贸易等方面概述了中国板栗产业现状。中国板栗生产存在良种化程度低、贮藏和加工水平落后、品牌意识淡薄等问题。为提高我国板栗产业发展水平,提升我国板栗产业市场竞争力,提出了提高良种化程度、提升贮藏和加工水平等对策。 相似文献
4.
5.
江苏仪征低丘岗地营林开发模式优化选择研究 总被引：4，自引：3，他引：4
总结江苏省仪征低丘岗地开发的经济林、用材林等7种营林模式和5种纯板栗与农作物间作模式，评估其生产和经济效益，优化选择出了板栗与茶复合林模式、纯梨园、纯茶园、纯桃园等4种开发营林模式；板栗与山芋 雪菜、板栗与芝麻 胡罗卜、板栗与花生 苕子等3种板栗与农作物间模式。其中板栗与茶，并期板栗与山芋 雪菜等间作模式，可形成高效复合经营开发模式。文内还提出了该市低丘岗地综合治理与开发试点试区的建设原则，发展模式及应实施的集约组装技术。 相似文献
6.
对中国板栗矮化砧木选育研究进展做了阐述,并对板栗、野板栗、茅栗、锥栗、日本栗等作砧木与板栗的嫁接亲和性及矮化效果等做了分析,同时指出了今后板栗矮化砧木的选育途径。 相似文献
7.
气候和立地条件对板栗生长结果的影响 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
对影响板栗生长结果的主要因素———气候和立地条件进行分析和阐述。明确了依气候差异及板栗生物学特性划分为六个产区,并在同样的气候条件下,立地条件对板栗产量和品质起更重要的作用。板栗适宜种植在花岗岩、片麻岩发育的棕壤和淋溶褐土上;土壤pH值、土壤有机质和营养元素含量及质地等理化性质与条件是影响板栗产量的因素,而铁、锰、硼等微量元素的含量则是影响板栗品质的重要因素。 相似文献
8.
9.
10.
<正> 板栗是我国主要经济林树种,板栗果是重要的出口产品之一。基于目前板栗普遍低产、经济效益不高、市场供不应求的局面,在强化板栗经营管理措施的基础上做进一步研究,利用一些植物生长及营养调节剂、微量元素、植物激素等产品对增加板栗产量具有实用意义。1090年中国林科院亚热带林业研究所和浙江省富阳县林业技术推广中心、桐庐县板栗研究所 相似文献
11.
Combination baits containing cholecalciferol plus an anticoagulant are effective against commensal rodents resistant to anticoagulants, and they likely pose less risk than anticoagulant-only rodenticides due to lower concentrations of active ingredients and shorter time to death. However, these combination baits have not been tested for agricultural rodent pests. Therefore, we established a study to test the efficacy of cholecalciferol plus diphacinone artichoke bract and pellet baits to determine their ability to manage California voles Microtus californicus in artichokes, where resistance to anticoagulants is known to occur. Field tests using radiocollared voles indicated that bract baits were highly efficacious (85 %), although pellet baits were less effective (60 %). Low observed efficacy of pellet baits may have resulted from poor weather following application during the second sampling period; further testing may yield more positive results. We observed a bimodal distribution in timing of death, with one group of voles dying between 4.3 and 5.8 days post-consumption; the other group died between 9.0 and 14.5 days post-consumption. Deaths in the first group were attributed to cholecalciferol, while deaths in the second group were likely due to chronic anticoagulant exposure. Almost double the proportion of voles that died from bract consumption did so during the early period when compared to their pellet plot counterparts. This suggests that voles were consuming greater quantities of bract baits over a shorter period of time when compared to the pellet bait. Collectively, these findings indicate that baiting with cholecalciferol plus diphacinone coated bracts is an effective method for controlling vole populations in artichokes. 相似文献
12.
13.
藿香蓟（胜红蓟）和假臭草同属菊科植物,通过比较,两者在叶形、叶片气味、总苞形态、花萼形态和分类位置等方面差异比较明显,文章研究结果可为外来入侵种假臭草的鉴别和治理提供科学的参考依据。 相似文献
14.
The aim of this study is to follow each development stage of inflorescence in order to understand the biological feature of flowering and the development of male gametophyte in Anthurium andreanum ““Arizona““ and to try to find the optimum conditions for its pollination. The methods of dissection and paraffin section were adopted to examine the structural characteristics of anthurium‘s tiny floret and the development of the microspore. All the florets of the anthurium arrange on the rhachis helically subtended by a colorful bract. Each tiny floret has one gynoecium, four tepals and four stamina. The bract and the florets show different colors during the whole blooming period. The ovary is bicarpellary and has two locules, each of which has one anatropous ovule. The placenta is of a central placentation type. The stylar canal cells not only can produce the secretory mucilage but also can release their own cytoplasm caused by their self-disintegration before the pistil reaches its maturity. The wall of the anther is composed of four layers: epidermis, endothecium, middle layer and tapetum. The tapetal cells and the middle layers‘ cells degenerated completely during meiosis of microsporocytes. The pollen grains were 2-celled at the time of anther dehiscence. Early morning, when the inflorescences stay at their fiRb development stage, is the optimum opportunity for pistil to get pollen grains. The pollen-collection should be done at the end of the seventh stage. 相似文献
15.
V. F. Silva G. V. França J. W. S. Melo R. N. C. Guedes M. G. C. Gondim Junior 《Journal of pest science》2017,90(1):207-215
The control of hidden pest species with pesticides depends on the accurate timing of the application to reach the life stages during their only moment of vulnerability, which is when the pests (temporarily) leave their hiding places. A curious case involves the colonization of the coconut perianth, a bract-protected region of the fruit, by the coconut mite Aceria guerreronis. The coconut bracts apparently provide protection against the direct action of acaricides used against the coconut mite. Furthermore, some acaricides target mite eggs and/or immatures in addition to adults, leading to enhanced mortality and/or compromised progeny production, but only if reaching these stages. In this study, we developed methods for assessing the likely protection provided by the coconut bract against the acaricides used for managing the coconut mite. We also assessed the efficacy of the acaricides currently registered for use against this species. Our results support the notion that coconut bracts provide protection to the coconut mite against direct acaricide action. Some acaricides (abamectin and fenpyroximate) were effective only with the removal of the coconut bracts, whereas others (hexythiazox and spirodiclofen) were not effective even with bract removal. Coconut mites sheltered by bracts were protected against the acaricides over time, but the acaricides seemed to induce mite dispersion. In addition, the preventive application of some acaricides reduced the chances of the perianth colonization by the coconut mite. Among the acaricides used, two (hexythiazox and spirodiclofen) are registered as ovicides, but only one (spirodiclofen) acted on eggs, preventing hatching of approximately 40 % of the eggs. The acaricide impacts on coconut mite management are discussed. 相似文献
16.
福建柏优树选择及种实表型变异研究 总被引：9，自引：0，他引：9
在调查研究福建柏资源基础上,制定了福建柏优树选择方法,于1998年6～11月和1999年7～11月在福建省福建柏自然分布区和栽培区以及湖南省道县福建柏天然林中选择出优树175株,其中从天然林中选出57株,从人工林中选出118株。这些优树总体表现较好,生长量大,平均树高、胸径、材积分别为15 49m、28 6cm和0 51263m3,树干通直圆满,树体健康,无病虫害,平均树龄为35 3a。1999年10～11月,采集到129株优树的球果,测定了各优树的种子千粒重、球果出籽率、球果重、球果长、球果宽、球果长×球果宽、球果长/球果宽和苞鳞数等8个指标,结果表明各优树在种实性状上差异比较大,差异最大的是球果重,平均单果重2 757g,变幅为1 342～4 748g,变异系数为27 86%;平均千粒重为6 378g,变幅为3 647～11 349g;平均出籽率为2 56%,变幅为1 62%～4 79%;球果大小相差较大,球果近球形但略长些。相关分析表明,优树各种实性状间的相关性大都达到极显著水平,千粒重与球果重量、大小呈密切的正相关,与出籽率、苞鳞数及球果形状关系不大;出籽率与其他种实性状间相关性很小,可能是个独立的性状;单果重与苞鳞数及球果大小呈高度的正相关关系,与球果形状没有关系。收集选出的175株优树中的162株,在福建省安溪白濑国有林场建成了全国第一个福建柏种? 相似文献
17.
板栗叶片矿质元素含量及年周期变化的研究 总被引：9，自引：0，他引：9
作者于1987和1988两年对板栗叶片中矿质元素含量及其年周期变化进行了研究。结果表明:N、K 的含量随叶龄的增加而下降,Ca 的含量随叶龄的增加而增加;其中 Zn、Fe、Mn 和 B的含量随叶龄的增加而增加,特别是 Mn 和 B 的增加更为显著;叶中的 N 素水平不仅影响栗树的产量,而且还影响空苞形成,并目施 B 与否对叶片中 B 与 Mn 的含量都产生影响,即二者之间有负相关的趋势。 相似文献
18.
19.
目的]了解和掌握山鸡椒雌花花芽分化的形态特征及碳氮营养规律,为山鸡椒人工栽培及杂交育种提供参考依据。[方法]采用石蜡切片法观察山鸡椒雌花花芽分化的组织解剖结构,采用生理试剂盒-分光光度法测定雌花不同分化时期的可溶性糖、淀粉、可溶性蛋白、碳氮比等碳氮营养指标。[结果]表明:(1)山鸡椒雌花花芽分化经过未分化期—花序原基分化期—苞片原基分化期—花原基分化期—花器官分化期5个时期。(2)叶片可溶性糖含量随着花芽分化的发展呈不断升高的趋势,最高可达65.07 mg·g~(-1)。叶片淀粉含量随着分化时期的推进呈先升后降的趋势,其最高值出现在苞片原基分化期,达到81.30 mg·g~(-1),最低值出现在花器官分化期,为52.19 mg·g~(-1)。(3)叶片可溶性蛋白含量在花芽前3个分化期呈持续下降趋势,从61.32 mg·g~(-1)下降到52.48 mg·g~(-1),之后基本保持稳定。叶片中的碳氮比在花芽前3个分化期呈持续上升趋势,从1.49上升至2.61,之后基本维持在较高水平。[结论]山鸡椒雌花花芽分化的内部形态特征与雄花基本一致,雌花花芽分化分为5个时期。山鸡椒雌花花芽分化过程中,叶片中可溶性糖不断升高,而可溶性蛋白下降明显,碳氮比升高且保持在较高水平。 相似文献
20.
影响杉木种子园良种产量的主要害虫及综合治理对策 总被引：3，自引：1，他引：3
在福建省洋口林场杉木种子园中常见的害虫有２６种，隶属７目２０科。其中杉木球果麦蛾、杉木扁长蝽和杉梢小卷蛾是影响良种产量的主要害虫。杉木球果麦蛾是中国新记录种，以幼虫危害球果的苞鳞、果轴及种子，使球果变色、干枯。杉木扁长蝽的危害及炭疽菌和散斑壳菌的侵染导致球果变色。１０月受害果率达３７．２％。测定结果表明，球果虫害及变色明显影响每百球果的鲜果重、种子重、千粒重及出籽率（平均下降２６．９％—７３．７％），但对种子的发芽率及涩籽率无显著影响，并提出以摘尽球果为主的综合治理措施。 相似文献