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1.
Root system development is an important target for improving yield in rice. Active roots that can take up nutrients more efficiently are essential for improving grain yield. In this study, we performed quantitative trait locus (QTL) analyses using 215 recombinant inbred lines derived from a cross between Xieqingzao B (XB), a maintainer line with short roots and R9308, a restorer line with long roots. Only a QTLs associated with root length were mapped on chromosomes 7. The QTL, named qRL7, was located between markers RM3859 and RM214 on chromosome 7 and explained 18.14–18.36% of the total phenotypic variance evaluated across two years. Fine mapping of qRL7 using eight BC3F3 recombinant lines mapped the QTL to between markers InDel11 and InDel17, which delimit a 657.35 kb interval in the reference cultivar Nipponbare. To determine the genotype classes for the target QTL in these BC3F3 recombinants, the root lengths of their BC3F4 progeny were investigated, and the result showed that qRL7 plays a crucial role in root length. The results of this study will increase our understanding of the genetic factors controlling root architecture, which will help rice breeders to breed varieties with deep, strong and vigorous root systems.  相似文献   

2.
利用“永久F2”群体进行小麦幼苗根系性状QTL分析   总被引:5,自引:1,他引:4  
为了研究小麦苗期根系性状的遗传,以小麦品种花培3号和豫麦57的杂交DH群体组配了一套含168个杂交组合的“永久F2”群体。利用WinRHIZO根系分析系统测定四叶一心期小麦水培幼苗根系总长度、直径、表面积、体积、根尖数、最大根长、茎叶干重、根干重及根茎干重比9个性状。采用复合区间作图法分析幼苗根系8个性状的QTL,定位了7个加性效应QTL和12对上位性互作QTL,包括加性效应、显性效应,加加互作、加显互作和显显互作,分布在1A、1D、2A、2B、2D、3A、3B、5D、6D和7D染色体上,单个QTL可解释0.01%~11.91%的遗传变异。在染色体2D上XWMC41至XBARC349.2区间检测到同时控制总根长和根干重的一个QTL。上位性对苗期根系生长发育有重要作用。试验结果表明,苗期根系性状的遗传机制较复杂, 因此在育种中要综合考虑根系各性状之间的关系,保证根系协调统一、发达健壮。  相似文献   

3.
叶少平  张启军  李杰勤  赵兵  李平 《作物学报》2005,31(12):1620-1627
用水稻测序品种培矮64s和Nipponbare为亲本构建的含137个SSRs标记的连锁遗传图谱和(培矮64s/Nipponbare)F2群体的180个单株,对水稻的单株有效穗数、穗粒数、穗实粒数、结实率、穗着粒密度、千粒重等6个产量构成性状进行了QTL定位分析.共检测到6个性状的22个QTLs,分布在第1、2、4、5、6、9、10、11、12等9条染色体的14个区域,表型贡献率5.0%~19.3%;相关性较强的性状之间具有较多共同或紧密连锁的QTLs;集中分布的QTLs之间既有同向连锁,也有反向连锁.对不同水稻群体定位的同源QTL进行了比较,对QTL在染色体上的集中分布,以及用QTL定位结果和生物信息学方法相结合预测基因的功能等进行了探讨.  相似文献   

4.
冷水胁迫下水稻幼苗期根系性状的QTL分析   总被引:4,自引:1,他引:4  
本研究以籼粳交“密阳23/吉冷1号”的F2∶3 代200个家系作为作图群体,在自然和12℃冷水胁迫下,进行水稻幼苗期根系性状的鉴定,并以利用SSR标记构建的分子连锁图谱为基础,对水稻幼苗期的根数、最大的根长、最大根的根径、根干重、根/苗比等根系性状进行了数量性状位点(QTLs)分析。结果表明,上述根系性状在F3代家系群均表现为连续分布,认为是由多基因所控制的数量性状。冷水胁迫下,在第1、2、6、11和12染色体上共检测到与根系性状相关的QTL 17个,对表型变异的解释率为5.8%~15.2%,其中与最大根的根径相关,位于第2染色体RM263-RM6区间的qCRD2和位于第11染色体RM21-RM206区间的qCRD11,以及与根干重相关,位于第2染色体RM262-RM263区间的qCRWT2和位于第11染色体RM229-RM21区间的qCRWT11贡献率较大,分别为15.0%、15.2%、10.6%和12.2%。这些基因的作用方式为部分显性或显性或超显性。  相似文献   

5.
为推进分子标记辅助选择在玉米育种中的应用,总结出近30年玉米子粒产量及其组成性状的QTL研究进展。表明子粒产量的QTL为5~9个,主要分布在第1、2、5、6、7、8、9染色体上,穗行数、行粒数和百粒重的QTL均为3~6个,主要分布在第1、2、3、4、5、6、7、8染色体上,这些QTL成簇分布在几条主要染色体上,形成QTL富集区域,它们能解释性状表型变异的25%左右;多数性状的QTL主要表现为加性、显性、部分显性或超显性效应,部分性状的QTL存在遗传×环境互作效应。预示子粒产量及其组成性状的QTL存在共同染色体载体,育种选择应在多环境、大样本下进行,在不同环境下均能稳定表达的QTL更适用于育种选择;单株穗数、植株性状和抗逆性的QTL研究有待加强。  相似文献   

6.
Grain size is a main component of rice appearance quality. In this study, we performed the SSR mapping of quantitative trait loci (QTLs) controlling grain size (grain length and breadth) and shape (length/breadth ratio) using an F2 population of a cross between two Iranian cultivars, Domsephid and Gerdeh, comprising of 192 individuals. A linkage map with 88 markers was constructed, which covered 1367.9 cM of the rice genome with an average distance of 18 cM between markers. Interval mapping procedure was used to identify the QTLs controlling three grain traits, and QTLs detected were further confirmed using composite interval mapping. A total of 11 intervals carrying 18 QTLs for three traits were identifed, that included five QTLs for grain length, seven QTLs for grain breadth, and six QTLs for grain shape. A major QTL for grain length was detected on chromosome 3, that explained 19.3% of the phenotypic variation. Two major QTLs for grain breadth were mapped on chromosomes 3 and 8, which explained 34.1% and 20% of the phenotypic variation, respectively. Another two major QTLs were identified for grain shape on chromosomes 3 and 8, which accounted for 27.1% and 20.5% of the phenotypic variance, respectively. The two QTLs that were mapped for grain shape coincided with the major QTLs detected for grain length and grain breadth. Intrestingly, gs2 QTL specific to grain shape was detected on chromosome 2 that explained 15% of the phenotypic variation.  相似文献   

7.
Increasing sugar content in silage maize stalk improves its forage quality and palatability. The genetic mapping and characterization of quantitative trait loci (QTLs) is considered a valuable tool for trait enhancement, yet little information on QTL for stalk sugar content in maize has been reported. To this end, we investigated QTLs associated with stalk sugar traits including Brix, plant height (PHT), three ear leaves area (TELA), and days to silking (DTS) in two environments using a population of 202 recombinant inbred lines from a cross between YXD053, which has a high stalk sugar content, and Y6-1, which has a low stalk sugar content. A genetic map with 180 SSR and 10 AFLP markers was constructed, which spanned 1,648.6 cM of the maize genome with an average marker distance of 8.68 cM, and QTLs were detected using composite interval mapping. Seven QTLs controlling Brix were mapped on chromosomes 1, 2, 6 and 9 in the combined environments. These QTLs could explain 2.69–13.08 % of the phenotypic variance. One major QTL for Brix on chromosome 2 located between the markers bnlg1909 and umc1635 explained 13.08 % of the phenotypic variance. Y6-1 also contributed QTL allele for increased Brix on chromosome 6. One major QTLs controlling PHT on chromosome 1 and TELA on chromosome 4 were also identified and accounted for 13.68 and 12.49 % of the phenotypic variance, respectively. QTL alleles for increased DTS were located on chromosomes 1 and 5 of YXD053. Significant epistatic effects were identified in four traits, but no significant QTL × environment interactions were observed. The information presented here may be valuable for stalk sugar content improvement via marker-assisted selection in silage maize breeding programs.  相似文献   

8.
Greenbug is a major damaging insect to sorghum production in the United States. Among various virulent greenbug biotypes, biotype I is the most predominant and severe for sorghum. To combat with the damaging pest, greenbug resistant sources were obtained from screening sorghum germplasm collection. This experiment was conducted to identify the genomic regions contributing resistance to greenbug biotype I in a sorghum accession, PI 607900. An F2 mapping population consisting of 371 individuals developed from a cross of the resistant line with an elite cultivar, BTx623 (susceptible) were tested and scored for their response to greenbug feeding in the greenhouse. Significant differences in resistance were observed between the two parental lines and among their F2 progeny in response to greenbug feeding at 7, 10, 14 and 21 days after infestation. A linkage map spanning a total length of 729.5 cM across the genome was constructed with 102 polymorphic SSR markers (69 genomic and 33 EST SSRs). Of those microsatellite markers, 48 were newly developed during this study, which are a useful addition for sorghum genotyping and genome mapping. Single marker analysis revealed 29 markers to be significantly associated with the plant response to greenbug feeding damage. The results from interval mapping, composite interval mapping and multiple interval mapping analyses identified four major QTLs for greenbug resistance on chromosome 9. These QTLs collectively accounted for 34–82 % of the phenotypic variance in greenbug resistance. Minor QTLs located on chromosome 3 explained 1 % of the phenotypic variance in greenbug resistance. The major allele for greenbug resistance was on chromosome 9 close to receptor-like kinase Xa21-binding protein 3. These markers are useful to screen more resistant genotypes. Furthermore, the markers tagged to QTL regions can be used to enhance the sorghum breeding program for greenbug resistance through marker-assisted selection and map-based cloning.  相似文献   

9.
Brace roots are vital constituents of the root system in maize. Their contribution to plant development is affected by brace-root traits (BRTs) including tier number (TN), root number (RN) and radius of the brace root (RBR). However, the genetic control of BRTs still remains elusive. Here, we have identified quantitative trait loci (QTLs) from 207 recombinant inbred lines of BY815/K22 grown in three environments to dissect the genetic architecture of BRTs in maize. All three of BRTs were highly heritable and were affected by genotype, environment and the interaction between them. RBR was positively correlated with both RN and TN. Eight QTLs were identified, 3 for TN, 3 for RN and 2 for RBR, and located on chromosome 1, 2, 9 and 10. They together explained 26.4% (TN), 21.5% (RN) and 13.4% (RBR) of phenotypic variation. Sixty of annotated genes were identified from the narrower QTLs by the bin-map method, including genes for signal transduction, gene expression regulation, and metabolism and related processes. The results also show that the interaction may occur between QTLs for BRTs. Our results can help to further study the genetic basis of BRTs and improve the approaches to control maize brace-root system through SNP marker-assisted selection.  相似文献   

10.
根和芽的正常生长和发育对保障水稻产量有重要作用。为探究在低温条件下影响幼芽期根长和芽长的QTL,以9311(受体)和日本晴(供体)染色体片段置换系群体为材料,将萌发种子置于15℃低温处理7d,然后在25℃下恢复生长7d,连续测量根长和芽长,以25℃下根长和芽长作为对照,定位低温条件下影响根长和芽长的QTL。15℃条件下,定位到9个根长QTL,贡献率为8.65%~24.35%,其中qRL15T7.2qRL15T10.3在根生长不同时期被重复检测到;定位到9个影响芽长的QTL,贡献率为1.73%~28.89%,其中qBL15T6qBL15T7qBL15T9qBL15T10被重复检测到。25℃条件下,定位到9个根长QTL,贡献率为1.73%~28.89%,qRL25T7qRL25T9.3qRL25T10qRL25T12在根生长不同时期被重复检测到;定位到5个影响芽长QTL,贡献率为0.58%~38.26%,qBL25T3.3在芽生长不同时期被重复检测到。其中,第2、7、9和10号染色体上4个Bin标记区域存在既控制根长又控制芽长的QTL。通过比较发现,15℃下定位到的根长或芽长QTL与25℃定位到的根长或芽长QTL均不相同,表明低温条件下控制水稻幼芽期根和芽生长的遗传机制可能与正常温度下不同。  相似文献   

11.
小麦苗期性状能够指示品种的耐盐性。本研究以小麦骨干亲本燕大1817与品系北农6号衍生的230个重组自交系为材料,利用2013年3个不同时间的水培试验数据和已经构建的SSR和SNP高密度遗传连锁图谱分别对正常和盐胁迫条件下根数和最长根长等7个苗期性状进行QTL定位。利用完备复合区间作图法(ICIM)共检测到69个加性效应QTL(LOD≥2.5),分布于除1A染色体外的所有20条染色体上,单个QTL解释的表型变异率为2.70%~19.00%。有46个QTL的增效效应来自于燕大1817,有23个QTL的增效效应来自于北农6号。有12个QTL能够在3个或3个以上的环境中被检测到,在燕大1817中定位到稳定的多分蘖主效QTL QTn.cau-7BS.1和盐胁迫条件下特异表达的根数QTL QRn.cau-2A,解析了小麦骨干亲本燕大1817的繁茂性和抗逆性遗传基础,为解析小麦品种耐盐遗传机制和耐盐性的分子标记辅助选择提供了重要信息。  相似文献   

12.
以远杂9102为母本,徐州68-4为父本杂交衍生的F5和F6共188个家系,构建了一张包含365个标记,总长度713.07 c M,标记间平均距离1.96 c M的栽培种花生遗传图谱。图谱包含22个连锁群,各连锁群平均长度12.37~81.39 c M,连锁群上标记数量3~46个。结合2013和2014年采集的荚果表型数据,采用Win QTLcart 2.5软件的复合区间作图法(composite interval mapping,CIM)进行QTL定位和效应估计。2个环境下共检测到41个QTL,其中与荚果长、宽、厚和百果重相关的QTL分别为13、7、13和8个,表型变异解释率为3.14%~18.27%。有6个QTL在2种环境下被重复检测到,其中百果重相关的2个(q HPWLG13.1、q HPWLG14.1),分布在LG13和LG14连锁群,遗传贡献率为6.95%~14.60%;与荚果长相关的3个(q LPLG2.2、q LPLG13.1、q LPLG14.1),分布在LG2、LG13和LG14连锁群,遗传贡献率为3.14%~18.27%;与荚果厚相关的1个(q TPLG3.4),分布在LG3连锁群,遗传贡献率为8.24%~9.24%。本研究涉及性状存在9个QTL热点区,每个热点区涉及2~3个性状,表型贡献率为3.57%~18.27%。  相似文献   

13.
The improvement of energy efficiency in the greenhouse production of cut rose and pot rose can be achieved through the use of rose cultivars having vigorous growth. A better understanding of the inheritance of vigour and its related traits will assist the breeding activities. Quantitative trait locus (QTL) analyses were performed with the help of an integrated linkage map of a diploid rose population originating from a cross between Rosa multiflora-derived genotypes. The underlying datasets for ten vigour-related traits were collected in an evaluation study of this population in two greenhouse experiments with suboptimal temperatures for growth. We identified ten chromosomal regions, scattered over the seven linkage groups, containing QTLs for these traits. Considering each trait separately, we detected a total of 42 QTLs. Among these QTLs, 24 were found in both of the experiments, eight and ten were specific to either of the two experiments. The number of QTLs for individual traits varied from three to five with a respective contribution to the phenotypic variation from 12 to 35%. QTLs for highly correlated traits frequently co-localized, indicating a common genetic basis. Clustering of QTLs for different traits was noted in some chromosome regions, for instance, one on chromosome 2 included major QTLs for eight of ten traits under study, suggesting co-localization of several separate genes or/and the occurrence of various genes having pleiotropic effects. The discovery of markers associated to QTL regions is in roses the first step towards marker-assisted selection for vigour improvement enabling the transfer of useful QTL-alleles of R. multiflora to pot and cut roses.  相似文献   

14.
水稻品种魔王谷粒形、剑叶性状和株高QTL定位   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
彭伟业  孙平勇  潘素君  李魏  戴良英 《作物学报》2018,44(11):1673-1680
以粳稻魔王谷和籼稻CO39配组衍生的280个重组自交系为材料, 2015年和2016年对其粒形、剑叶形态、株高性状进行了相关性分析和QTL检测。剑叶长分别与粒厚和株高存在极显著负相关和正相关, 剑叶宽与粒宽存在极显著正相关。检测到17个粒形QTL, 分布于第1、第2、第3、第4、第5、第6、第7、第9和第10染色体上, 贡献率为3.51%~48.65%; 其中, 第3染色体RM6080-RM6283区间对粒长和千粒重兼具显著作用, 第5染色体RM8211-RM3381区间同时影响粒宽和粒厚。检测到12个控制剑叶形态性状的QTL, 分布于第1、第3、第4、第6、第7和第9染色体上, 贡献率为4.26%~38.40%; 有5个多效QTL区间, 其中, 第4染色体RM252-SFP4_6区间同时控制剑叶长、剑叶宽、剑叶面积和粒长, 第9染色体RM257-RM3909区间同时影响剑叶面积和粒长。只检测到一个控制株高的QTL, 位于第1染色体的RM6333-RM5536区间, 是一个主效QTL, 贡献率为28.76%。这些结果为进一步开展粒形、剑叶形态、株高基因的精细定位、克隆和分子辅助育种奠定了基础。  相似文献   

15.
以耐旱性差异较大的两个亲本珍汕97B(ZS97B)和IRAT109构建的重组自交系(RIL)为试验材料,在正常水分条件和干旱胁迫[浓度为18%的聚乙二醇-6000(PEG-6000)模拟干旱]条件对水稻苗期苗高、根长、苗高生长速率、根长苗高比、叶卷曲进行QTL定位分析,共检测到24个相关的QTL,贡献率变幅在7.35%~39.30%。其中正常条件下检测到13个相关的QTL位点,分布在第1、2、3、5、6、10、12染色体上;干旱胁迫条件下检测到11个相关的QTL位点,分布在第1、3、5、7、10、12染色体上。2种条件下检测到的QTL位点差异很大,表明不同处理条件下相关性状的遗传机制不同。此外,在第1染色体上的RM472~RM104存在控制苗高、苗高生长速率、根长、根长苗高比多个性状的QTL,并且此区间在2种处理条件下能重复检测到控制苗高位点。  相似文献   

16.
大豆倒伏性及其相关性状的QTL分析   总被引:17,自引:3,他引:17  
利用来自中豆29×中豆32的165个重组自交系F10进行2年田间试验, 以复合区间作图法检测与大豆倒伏及形态性状有关的QTL。结果表明, 2年分别检测到25个和19个与大豆倒伏及茎杆性状和根系性状有关的QTL, 分布于A2、C1、C2、D1a、F、G、I和L连锁群, 可解释4.4%~50.1%的表型变异。在F连锁群上, 2年均检测到倒伏主效QTL(qLD-15-1)和株高主效QTL(qPH-15-2);G连锁群和L连锁群上分别有1个主茎节数QTL和2个根重QTL在2个年份重复出现。在倒伏QTL的附近检测出株高、根重、茎叶重、茎粗、主茎节数和分枝数QTL, 表明植株地上部和地下部性状与抗倒性普遍关联;QTL定位结果与表型相关分析一致, 反映了这些形态性状表型相关的遗传特性。部分性状QTL存在共位性, 但是未在2个年份稳定表达。  相似文献   

17.
海岛棉CSSLs分子评价及纤维品质、产量性状QTL定位   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
本课题组前期以陆地棉中棉所8号(CCRI8)为轮回亲本, 海岛棉Pima 90-53为供体亲本培育了一套陆地棉中棉所8号为背景的海岛棉染色体片段置换系(CSSLs), 本研究利用SSR标记对该置换系群体BC3F5进行基因型检测, 在3个不同环境下(河北保定、青县和新疆轮台)鉴定其纤维品质和产量相关性状并进行QTL定位。该置换系群体包含182个家系, 置换片段数在1~15个之间, 平均为6.6个; 导入片段长度在0.7~83.2 cM之间, 平均长度为16.8 cM; 置换片段总长度20 249.6 cM; 背景回复率在92.3%~99.6%之间, 平均为96.2%。共检测出59个相关的QTL, 其中与纤维品质性状相关的41个, 单个QTL的贡献率为1.27%~26.66%; 与产量性状相关的18个, 单个QTL的贡献率为2.03%~19.38%; 检测到14个稳定的QTL, 其中4个马克隆值和2个纤维伸长率相关的稳定QTL增效基因均来自高值亲本海岛棉Pima 90-53, 2个铃重相关的稳定QTL增效基因来自高值亲本陆地棉中棉所8号。研究结果为深入开展纤维品质和产量性状的QTL精细定位、QTL间互作和分子育种提供了理论依据。  相似文献   

18.
不同水分胁迫下小麦胚芽鞘和胚根长度的QTL分析   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2  
小麦胚芽鞘和胚根在不同渗透溶液下的长度变化是鉴评小麦幼苗抗逆性的重要指标。以小麦花培3号×豫麦57的DH株系衍生的含168个组合的永久F2 (immortalized F2, IF2)群体为材料,在蒸馏水(正常条件)以及10%、20%和30%聚乙二醇(PEG-6000)模拟水分胁迫处理下,进行胚芽鞘长和胚根长度的数量性状基因(QTL)定位分析。利用完备区间作图法,共检测到影响胚芽鞘和胚根长度的23个QTL,单个QTL对表型的贡献率为4.93%~35.37%。位于4B染色体区间Xcfd39.2–Xcfd22.2上影响胚芽鞘长度的位点QCl4B,具有最大的遗传效应,贡献率为35.37%;在3D染色体Xcfd223–Xbarc323区段,正常条件和20% PEG-6000处理下同时检测到影响胚芽鞘长度的QTL,QCl3D-a,其贡献率分别为7.83%和11.74%。另外,在10% PEG-6000处理下,3D染色体上的相近区域还定位出了影响胚芽鞘长度的QCl3D-b位点;在染色体1A和染色体5A1上各检测出与胚根长度有关的2个和3个不同的QTL;在6D染色体Xswes679.1–Xcfa2129和Xwmc412.1–Xcfd49区间分别检测到2个影响胚芽鞘长度和胚根长度的QTL。这些主效QTL可用于胚芽鞘和根系的分子标记辅助选择。  相似文献   

19.
Y. Li  Y. Song  R. Zhou  G. Branlard  J. Jia 《Plant Breeding》2009,128(3):235-243
Whereas gluten fraction accounts for 30–60% of the variation in wheat bread‐making quality, there remains substantial variation determined by non‐gluten factors. The objective of this study was to detect new loci for wheat quality. The genetics of sodium dodecyl sulphate‐sedimentation volume (Ssd), grain hardness (GH), grain protein content, wet gluten content (WGC) and water absorption (Abs) in a set of 198 recombinant inbred lines derived from two commercial varieties was studied by quantitative trait loci (QTL) analysis. A genetic map based on 255 marker loci, consisting of 250 simple sequence repeat markers and five glutenin loci, Glu‐A1, Glu‐B1, Glu‐D1, Glu‐B3 and Glu‐D3, was constructed. A total of 73 QTLs were detected for all traits. A major QTL for GH was detected on chromosome 1B and its relative contribution to phenotypic variation was 27.7%. A major QTL for Abs on chromosome 5D explained more than 30% of the phenotypic variation. Variations in Ssd were explained by four kinds of genes. Some QTLs for correlated traits mapped to the same regions forming QTL clusters or indicated pleiotropic effects.  相似文献   

20.
K. Kubo    I. Elouafi    N. Watanabe    M. M. Nachit    M. N. Inagaki    K. Iwama    Y. Jitsuyama 《Plant Breeding》2007,126(4):375-378
Increasing root penetration (RP) ability into hard soil is important to improve drought resistance in durum wheat. Traits related to RP ability were evaluated in 110 recombinant inbred lines (RILs) derived from a cross between 'Jennah Khetifa' and 'Cham1' using paraffin-Vaseline (PV) discs. QTL analyses were made for the number of roots penetrating the PV disc (PVRN), total number of seminal and crown roots (TRN), RP index (PVRN/TRN) and root dry weight (DW). 'Jennah Khetifa' had higher PVRN, RP index and root DW values than 'Cham1', and the RILs showed significant differences for these traits. Two closely-linked markers, Xgwm617a and Xgwm427b , on the long arm of chromosome 6A were associated with PVRN and RP index. For root DW, a QTL was linked to marker Xgwm11 on chromosome 1B. Alleles of 'Jennah Khetifa' were associated with increased PVRN, RP index and root DW. No QTL was detected for TRN in this mapping population. The absence of co-located QTLs suggested that RP ability was controlled separately from TRN and root DW. Although the population size and number of replications were small, this study helps in understanding the complexity of root growth and the potential of marker-assisted selection for selecting genotypes with high RP ability in durum wheat populations.  相似文献   

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