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1.
加工型马铃薯品种对块茎干物质含量、淀粉含量、还原糖含量等品质指标有严格要求,这些指标与养分供给息息相关。为了解不同加工型马铃薯品种对氮钾肥的偏好,在东北黑土条件下,以‘东农314’和‘东农322’两个自主选育的加工型新品种为供试材料、‘大西洋’为对照,设置常肥、高钾、高钾高氮3个不同的氮钾配比,从块茎膨大期开始取样直至收获,比较分析3个加工型品种块茎干物质含量、淀粉含量、还原糖含量以及粗蛋白含量的差异。‘东农322’在施用常肥N 109.5 kg/hm2、K2O 112.5 kg/hm2时块茎的加工品质较好,‘东农314’和对照品种‘大西洋’对氮钾肥的吸收规律相同,在常肥基础上增施37.5 kg/hm2钾肥可以增加块茎中干物质含量、降低还原糖含量,提升其加工品质。因此,‘东农314’和‘东农322’两个新品种施用合适的氮钾肥均可作为加工型品种推广应用。 相似文献
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筛选适应于低温贮藏的马铃薯加工品种 总被引：9，自引：0，他引：9
通过对不同贮藏温度下马铃薯块茎的还原糖含量及加工品质色泽指数的测定，筛选出在简易库房贮藏下知于加工的品种为国引１、１１、１３、２、１２号，这品种经过３个月的低温贮存还原糖积累水平较低，色泽指数小，加工品质好，冷贮和冷贮一回暖处理结果表明，冷贮导致块茎中还原糖含量大幅率提高，色泽指数显著增大，而经过回暖处理后，还原糖含量下降，色泽拽数变小，但不同的品种经不同的处理时间回暖效果不一。 相似文献
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以当地主栽的马铃薯品种大西洋、克新19号为材料,于2007年9月至2008年5月进行了山体库和恒温库贮藏比较试验,比较山体库与恒温库马铃薯不同贮藏时期温度、湿度变化与干物质、淀粉、还原糖的含量及变化。试验结果表明:山体库贮藏马铃薯期间温度、湿度的变化不大,通风情况良好,贮藏的薯块没有出现发热、失水现象。经多次分品种进行还原糖含量、淀粉含量和干物质含量三项理化指标的测定,测定结果都符合马铃薯种薯和商品薯贮藏标准。在马铃薯加工利用时,对于山体库低温长时间存贮的马铃薯根据加工利用目的,如淀粉加工、食品加工必须进行升温贮藏;山体库与恒温库在3℃条件下贮藏的马铃薯各项指标变化趋势一致,符合马铃薯种子和商品薯贮藏标准,在冷凉地区适合山体库推广应用。 相似文献
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<正> 马铃薯块茎还原糖含量的高低,直接影响油炸片的产品质量。含量高于4‰的马铃薯容易褐化变糊,不适于油炸加工。以马铃薯为原料的淀粉加工以及马铃薯商品经营都要求还原糖含量低。不同的品种,还原糖含量不同.而且不同贮藏条件对还原糖含量的消长有着直接影响。因此,探讨马铃薯还原糖的变化规律及其调节方法对选育适合加工的马铃薯品种、马铃薯原料贮藏、食品加工及商业经营无疑是十分重要工作。在国 相似文献
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不同窖藏条件下马铃薯块茎营养物质含量的变化 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
以克新1号为供试材料,研究了4种不同窖藏条件下马铃薯块茎中干物质、淀粉、还原糖、Vc、可溶性蛋白含量的变化。结果表明:在4种不同窖藏条件下,马铃薯块茎中干物质、淀粉、还原糖、Vc、可溶性蛋白含量变化趋势相同,但变化幅度不同。窖内平均温度越高,湿度越小,块茎干物质、Vc、可溶性蛋白含量降低幅度越大,而淀粉含量降低幅度与还原糖增加幅度越小;反之,窖内平均温度越低,湿度越大,块茎干物质、Vc、可溶性蛋白含量降低幅度越小,淀粉含量降低幅度与还原糖含量增加幅度越大。 相似文献
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马铃薯高淀粉栽培研究进展 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
淀粉含量是马铃薯品质优劣的重要指标,人们从多方面开展了提高马铃薯淀粉含量的研究。有利于马铃薯块茎淀粉含量的增加的因素或措施包括:马铃薯淀粉积累期,温度下降较慢,昼夜温差大,较长的日照时数;结薯中后期和淀粉积累初期,土壤湿度维持在80%左右;适宜的栽培密度;生育中后期叶柄较高的氮、磷、钾的含量;马铃薯叶片及茎秆较高的干物率、可溶性糖含量、还原糖含量、淀粉含量。此外,马铃薯块茎淀粉积累速度与淀粉磷酸化酶活性呈正相关,与蔗糖转化酶活性呈负相关,AGPase是马铃薯块茎中淀粉合成的限速酶。马铃薯叶片及块茎ABA含量与块茎中淀粉的不断积累过程相一致,而GA3、IAA对茎叶的生长和块茎的增大有一定促进,但对淀粉的积累可能有抑制。 相似文献
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通过对不同贮藏温度下马铃薯块茎的还原糖含量及加工品质色泽指数的测定，筛选出在简易库房贮藏条件下（４～１０℃）适于加工的品种为国引ｌ、１１、１３、２、１２号，这些品种经过３个月的低温贮存还原糖积累水平较低（＜０．５％），色泽指数小（＜２０），加工品质好．冷贮（０～２℃）和冷贮一回暖（１５～１７℃）处理结果表明，冷贮导致块茎中还原糖含量大幅度提高，色泽指数显著增大．而经过回暖处理后，还原溏含量下降，色泽指数变小，但不同的品种经不同的处理时间回暖效果不一。国引１、２号经过３０天的回暖处理，加工品质达到商业要求． 相似文献
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本试验以高淀粉品种晋薯2号、中淀粉品种内薯3号和低淀粉品种紫花白为试验材料,设置了小区试验,在生育期间从还原糖和可溶性糖的代谢与块茎淀粉含量积累变化的相关关系进行了研究,其结果:(1)块茎淀粉含量的积累变化与叶片可溶性糖含量变化呈显著正相关关系.因此,叶片可溶性糖含量可做为马铃薯高淀粉育种早期选择和品质预测的重要生理指标;(2)块茎淀粉含量积累变化与叶片还原糖含量变化呈正相关,故叶片还原糖含量亦可做为马铃薯高淀粉育种早期选择和品质预测的生理指标;(3)块茎淀粉含量积累变化与茎秆、块茎可溶性糖、还原糖含量变化相关性不强,但生育后期与茎秆可溶性糖含量呈显著正相关. 相似文献
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针对豫北地区的大豆生产现状，从气候、土壤、品种、生态因素及市场需求等方面提出了优质大豆的发展策略与途径。 相似文献
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Sena L.P. VanderJagt D.J. Rivera C. Tsin A.T.C. Muhamadu I. Mahamadou O. Millson M. Pastuszyn A. Glew R.H. 《Plant foods for human nutrition (Dordrecht, Netherlands)》1998,52(1):17-30
In the western Sahel, indigenous plants become important staples when cereal harvests are inadequate to support populations inhabiting that region of Africa. The purpose of this study was to assess the nutrient content of several of these edible wild plants. The leaves of the following seven plant foods were analyzed: Ziziphus mauritiana, Cerathotheca sesamoides, Moringa oleifera, Leptadenia hastata, Hibiscus sabdarifa, Amaranthus viridi, and Adansonia digitata. The fatty acid, vitamin E, carotenoid, selected mineral and amino acid contents of these plant foods were determined. These same analyses were performed on the fruit of the Adansonia digitata. In quantitative and qualitative terms, Amaranthus viridis was found to be an excellent source of protein. Its amino acid composition compared favorably to that of a World Health Organization (WHO) protein standard. It also contained considerable amounts of the two fatty acids that are essential in humans (linoleic and -linolenic) and a number of minerals including iron, magnesium, calcium and zinc. The leaves of Hibiscus sabdarifa contained an appreciable quantity of protein the composition of which was comparable to the WHO standard. The mineral content of the leaves of this plant was also exceptionally high; noteworthy was its high zinc content. H. sabdarifa also contained significant quantities of the two essential fatty acids. Ziziphus mauritiana was an excellent source of the essential fatty acid linoleic acid and several of the metals including iron, calcium, magnesium and zinc. Its content of other essential nutrients, however, was rather low. In general, Adansonia digitata leaves were nutritionally superior to the fruit of the tree; however, the fruit did contain useful quantities of potassium, phosphorus, zinc and -linolenic acid. The Leptadenia hastata leaves were an especially good source of lutein and -carotene. These data should be useful to the people who inhabit the western Sahel in helping them devise healthy diets during times when cereal staples are in short supply. 相似文献
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通过电解质外渗法和匍匐茎恢复试验对‘阳江’狗牙根及其12个通过形态鉴定选出的坪用价值高且花序密度低的诱变后代进行抗寒性鉴定。电解质外渗法结果表明:诱变后代间的抗寒性具有较大差异,其叶片半致死温度(LT50)的变异范围为-7.6～-0.2℃(最低值与最大值相差7.4℃);参试材料抗寒性由强到弱依次为M18>M4>M26>M28> M22>阳江>M29>M31>M10>M37>M16>M1>M25,其中,有5个诱变后代抗寒性优于亲本,分别是M18、M4、M26、M28、M22。匍匐茎恢复实验结果表明:诱变后代M1、M22、M26、M31、M25在0℃和-5℃低温胁迫后的恢复生长率都高于亲本,恢复能力均优于亲本;M10、M37、M28在-5℃低温胁迫下,恢复生长能力低于亲本,抗寒性相对较弱,M16和M4在0℃和-5℃低温胁迫下,恢复生长率都低于亲本,抗寒性明显弱于亲本。综合2种方法鉴定结果显示:诱变后代M1、M25的恢复能力较强;M4、M28的叶片抗寒性较好,青绿期较长;M22、M18、M26的叶片抗寒性和匍匐茎恢复能力均较强;M29,M31的叶片抗寒性和匍匐茎恢复能力与亲本相似;M10、M16、M37的叶片抗寒性和匍匐茎恢复能力均较弱,整体抗寒性较弱。 相似文献
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1 吉林省平安农业科学院大豆研究工作简介吉林省平安农业科学院大豆研究所 ,设在吉林省长春市西安大路种子大厦内。现有科技人员 6人 ,其中研究员 2人 ,农艺师 2人 ,技术员 2人 ,定向培养研究生 2人。大豆研究所的主要任务是选育稳产、高产、优质及抗病虫大豆新品种 ;同时密切 相似文献
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Irrigation of Netted Gem potatoes was scheduled during three growing seasons by three methods: (a) when plants displayed first visual symptoms of moisture stress, (b) when indicated by a soil moisture budget involving estimated evapotranspiration, and (c) on the basis of tensiometer readings of soil moisture suction. When the tensiometer method of scheduling was used, the mean yields of tubers were 55.0 and 25.8 cwt/acre (6160 and 2890 kg/ha) higher than those obtained with the other two scheduling methods. Methods did not affect the specific gravity of potatoes. Method (a) scheduled irrigations least frequently. Scheduling by the budget method was not always adequate because it was based on the assumption that the crop extracted water from a constant 4 ft (1.2 m) profile from planting to full vegetative growth. In one year the budget method scheduled the first irrigation earlier than necessary and delayed the second irrigation during a critical period of crop growth. From full vegetative cover to harvest the irrigation schedules were alike for both the budget and tensiometer methods. 相似文献
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以长沙县高桥相同嫩度茶鲜叶原料采用卷曲形毛尖茶加工工艺制绿茶为对照,分别对沅陵县齐眉翠峰、凤娇碣滩茶、干发茶和军大坪茶4种绿茶的主要生化成分与感官品质进行初步分析。结果表明,沅陵4种绿茶的茶多酚总量28.76%~30.34%,游离氨基酸总量2.35%~3.22%,咖啡碱含量3.00%~3.63%,水浸出物含量37.26%~40.07%,可溶性糖总量5.46%~5.65%,可溶性蛋白含量1.50%~1.74%,类黄酮化合物总量1.16%~1.79%,叶绿素总量1.36%~2.01%,儿茶素总量13.53%~16.20%。与对照相比,4种绿茶的茶多酚、可溶性糖和儿茶素总量均高于对照,除齐眉翠峰外其余3种茶样水浸出物和叶绿素总量均高于对照,除干发茶外其余3种茶样类黄酮化合物总量均高于对照。 相似文献
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M. D. Harrison Gestur Johnson R. D. Barmington 《American Journal of Potato Research》1970,47(10):386-393
A broadcast application of PCNB (Terraclor) resulted in a reasonably uniform distribution of the chemical in the soil with the concentration decreasing in a linear fashion with increasing depth in the soil profile. A banded application resuluted in a considerably higher chemical concentration at the 4–6 inch depth than at the 0–2 or the 2–4 inch depths. The problem of the lack of uniformity of chemical distribution could probably be solved by altering nozzle placement and size and allow use of the band method of application to minimize grower cost. More complete disking in the case of the broadcast treatment would probably result in a relatively uniform distribution of the chemical but at higher cost to the grower. PCNB application rates of 10, 15 and 25 lbs per acre broadcast and 71/2, 10 and 121/2 lbs per acre in a band significantly reduced the severity ofRhizoctonia infection of Russet Burbank potatoes but did not increase potato yields significantly. 相似文献
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P. Mésochina W. Martin-Rosset † J.-L. Peyraud ‡ P. Duncan § D. Micol† S. Boulot¶ 《Grass and Forage Science》1998,53(2):189-196
Data from in vivo digestibility trial with four to six horses fed twenty-seven forage-based diets are used to calculate prediction equations for the digestibility of dry and organic matter, based on the crude ash (CA), crude protein (CP) and crude fibre (CF) contents of diets and faeces. The most precise prediction of dry-matter digestibility (r.s.d. = 0.032, R2= 0.80) was derived from a multiple regression including faecal (CP, CF) and dietary parameters (CF). Among faecal parameters, CP was the best single predictor of both digestibility (r.s.d) = 0.040, r2= 0.63) and dietary CP content (r.s.d = 0.028, r2= 0.59). For biological reasons we propose a non-linear model that allows prediction of dry- and organic-matter digestibility from faecal CP Content with reasonable Precision (r.s.d = 0.038, 0.036, r2= 0.65, 0.74, respectively). This will be adequate for many studies, especially for free-living animals in rangelands. 相似文献
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橡胶树丛枝病病原的抗血清制备与应用 总被引：5，自引：1，他引：4
以感染橡胶树丛枝病病原的长春花为材料,制备得到橡胶丛枝病病原菌抽提液,以抽提液为抗原免疫家兔,制备抗血清,经微量沉淀测定,抗血清效价为１：２０４８。应用橡胶丛枝病抗血清检测橡胶褐皮病,无症苗木检出率达３０％－３７％,可疑的褐皮病树检出率达８５．７％。 相似文献