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热带亚热带地区8种旋花科植物的元素含量分析 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
摘要：对热带亚热带地区8种18个旋花科植物样的元素含量特征进行了分析,结果显示,平均含量＞1%的有N、K、Ca,0.2～0.5%的有S、Mg、P,0.01～0.05%的有Fe、Mn,＜0.01%的有Zn、B、Cu、Hg、Pb、As、Cr、Mo、Cd,其含量顺序为N＞K＞Ca＞S＞Mg＞P＞Fe＞Mn＞Zn＞B＞Cu＞Hg＞Pb＞As＞Cr＞Mo＞Cd;参考全国有机肥料品质四要素分级标准和全国有机肥料品质总分分级标准对参试样品的肥用价值进行评价,18个参试样品富含N、K,而P的含量居中下等水平,其中云南多花山猪菜达到一级标准;6个常量元素的变异系数在0.30～0.60之间,微量元素中除B、Cu的变异系数较低外（分别为0.40和0.48）,其余均在0.70以上,其中Pb、Mo、Cd的变异系数超过了1.00（分别为1.13、1.32、1.54）;N与P,Ca与S,Cr与Mo、Cd,Pb与Mo、Fe间呈显著的正相关,K与B,Pb与Cr、Mo间呈极显著的正相关, 而As与Cu,N与Mn,P与Cd、Mn间呈显著的负相关;72%的植物中B的含量极低,云南多花山猪菜和云南山猪菜中Cu的含量极低,广西百色市掌叶山猪菜的Mo含量极低（未检测出）,50%的植物中Mn的含量超标;用测试植物的元素含量与一般植物元素含量范围上限比值分析植物污染量时, 云南山猪菜、海南厚藤及虎脚牵牛的As含量,4个植物样的Cd含量,约61%的Cr含量,空心菜的Zn含量,云南掌叶山猪菜和广西五爪金龙的Pb含量比值大于1。 相似文献
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汤庆伍 《农产品加工．学刊》2005,(3):31-32
随着生活水平的日益提高和保健意识的逐渐增强,人们越来越重视饮食与健康的关系。野生食物有很多常规食物没有的好处。野生食物在自然状况下生长,其营养成分大多高于栽培蔬菜。一般富含糖、蛋白质、纤维素、多种维生素、矿物质等,尤其富含维生素和无机盐。在《中国野菜图谱》一书中显示,香椿、蒲公英、水蓼等野生蔬菜的胡萝卜素含量比胡萝卜还高;白花菜、马齿苋菜等野生蔬菜的维生素C含量比辣椒、番茄还高。此外,野生蔬菜大多数都有一定的药用价值,如薇菜可用于治疗吐血、赤痢便血,外用可治创伤出血;蒲公英用于抗菌消炎;车前草、雷公根用于… 相似文献
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蒲公英为菊科蒲公英属多年生草本植物.又名婆婆丁、黄花苗、蒲公草、黄花地丁、黄花三七等.原产于欧洲,分布极为广泛,在我国除华南外,全国均有分布.蒲公英药食两用,营养全面,生长旺盛,病虫害较少,因此被视作绿色食品和营养保健品,受到国内外人士的青睐. 相似文献
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<正>纽发姆美国公司近期推出新型除草剂Q-Ball,可防除马唐草和三叶草、蒲公英、铜钱草、狐尾草、克育草、臂形草、虎尾草和铺地黍等其他夏季杂草。Q-Ba ll的水基配方稳定,可与大多数表面活性剂和苗后除草剂(如 相似文献
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J. R. Caradus A. C. MacKay D. R. Woodfield J. van den Bosch S. Wewala 《Euphytica》1989,42(1-2):183-196
Summary Morphology, flowering, cyanogenesis and leaf markings of 109 white clover (Trifolium repens L.) cultivars, grown as spaced plants and in small plots, were measured. Principal component analysis and cluster analysis were used to compare cultivars. Cultivars were classified into four broad groups. The most important criteria for distinguishing between groups were leaf size, cyanogenesis and combinations of these. Group I, termed small, included small-leaved, prostrate cultivars; Group II, termed intermediate, included the majority of the cultivars which were characterised by medium sized leaves and relatively low cyanogenesis levels; Group III, termed large, included the large-leaved highly cyanogenic cultivars; and Group IV, termed ladino, included large-leaved acyanogenic cultivars. 相似文献
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PEG干旱胁迫对红三叶抗性生理生化指标的影响研究 总被引：3，自引：3，他引：0
为快速比较红三叶(Trifolium pretense)植株抗旱性,采用不同浓度PEG-6000溶液对4个野生红三叶材料和1个红三叶品种进行不同程度的水分胁迫处理,研究不同水分胁迫对各材料叶片中生理生化指标的影响。结果表明：不同PEG干旱胁迫处理下,巫溪红三叶叶片含水量降幅较低,20% PEG处理下与对照相比下降幅度为28.49%,叶片电导率均最低,为对照的2.78倍,MDA含量增幅较小,为对照的2.84倍,叶片细胞膜系统有较强的抗旱能力;而红三叶06-4叶片含水量降幅最大,在强度渗透胁迫下与对照相比下降幅度为35.32%,叶片电导率在20% PEG处理时为对照5.01倍,MDA含量增幅最大,为对照的4.24倍,其忍耐干旱的性能相对较弱。渗透胁迫下各品种叶片游离脯氨酸含量显著增加,当PEG浓度为20%时,巫溪红三叶脯氨酸含量急剧上升,为对照的30.84倍。红三叶各材料的SOD活性在轻度干旱胁迫时均提高,胁迫程度增强时SOD活性下降。PEG胁迫导致红三叶各材料叶片相对含水量下降、细胞膜透性增大、MDA含量上升、脯氨酸含量增加而SOD活性下降,但4个材料和1个红三叶品种对应指标的变化幅度存在差异,巫溪红三叶表现出较强的抗旱性,而‘红三叶06-4’抗旱性较弱。 相似文献
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Numbers of chloroplasts and pollen grain pores in diploid and tetraploid varieties of some Trifolium species 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Summary In red clover (2n=14), berseem (2n=16) and in white clover (2n=32) the differences in the number of plastids in the leaf stomata and the number of germinal pores in the pollen grains between diploid and induced tetraploid plants was established.In all species the doubling of the chromosomes was followed by an increase in the number of plastids. This increase was about the same in all three species. The number of plastids in the stomata of the amphidiploid white clover was similar to that of the tetraploid types of red clover and berseem.The pollen grains of the diploid plants had almost exclusively three pores. The pollen grains of the chromosome doubled plants had predominantly more than three germinal pores.It was concluded that both characters can serve as useful indicators for establishing the polyploid level in the three clover species studied. 相似文献
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银杏的药用价值及组织培养研究 总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6
从银杏的果实、叶、种皮、种仁及木材等方面论述了其药用价值,并概述了银杏茎段培养、配子体培养、胚培养、愈伤组织诱导以及银杏组织培养中抑制褐化问题等方面的进展。愈伤组织培养的基本培养基为SH基本培养基中加2,4-D2mg/L,6-BA1mg/L和NAA0.5mg/L以及苹果汁10%以及在1.0kV/cm强度的高压静电和Cu2+条件下有利于愈伤组织生长。改良MS培养基和多效唑可以促进腋芽萌动和分化;MS+BA2mg/L+NAA0.5mg/L的培养基、蜂王浆和椰子乳汁对诱导银杏胚状体有很大促进作用。0.1%植酸(肌醇六磷酸酯)、5.0mg/L抗坏血酸或2000mg/L聚乙烯吡咯烷酮PVP有明显抑制褐变的作用。 相似文献
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白三叶种质资源主要数量性状的变异与相关性研究 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
为了探讨白三叶(Trifolium repens L.)种质资源农艺性状变异和相关性,揭示各种质材料的特征特性和种质资源群间的遗传关系,本研究对78份白三叶种质的12个主要数量性状的变异和相关性进行了分析。结果表明：这些种质材料存在着丰富的遗传多样性,各个数量性状间均呈正相关,植株高度与小叶长度、小叶宽度、小叶大小、叶柄长度呈显著正相关;小叶长度与小叶宽度、小叶大小呈极显著正相关,与叶柄长度、叶柄直径呈显著正相关;小叶宽度与小叶大小呈极显著正相关,与叶柄长度、花柄直径呈显著正相关;小叶大小与叶柄长度、叶柄直径、花柄直径呈显著正相关。该批种质材料能为各类白三叶育种和遗传研究提供较为丰富的亲本材料。 相似文献
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The use of bulked leaf samples from individual plants for amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) analysis was evaluated
as a tool for assessment of genetic diversity in white clover (Trifolium repens L.). Bulking of leaf samples produced slightly simpler AFLP profiles compared to the combined profiles of individual plants
from the same cultivar. Approximately 90% of bands which were present in individual plants were present in bulked samples
of the same cultivar. The majority of those absent were rare bands, shared by less than 25% of individual plants. Replicate
bulk samples gave almost identical banding patterns, demonstrating the robustness of the bulked AFLP technique. Cluster analysis
of AFLP data derived from individual plants resulted in a phenogram similar to that produced from data derived from bulked
samples of the same plants. AFLP analysis of bulked samples detected significant amounts of genetic variability among 52 cultivars
and accessions with genetic similarity values ranging from 0.42 to 0.92. However, cluster analysis of AFLP data only partially
reflected the geographic origin of cultivars and accessions and was not congruent with cluster analysis based on variation
for morphophysiological characters. Bulked AFLP analysis provides a powerful tool for rapid assessment of genetic variability
in white clover and may also be used for cultivar identification.
This revised version was published online in August 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献
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Paclobutrazol improves salt tolerance in quinoa: Beyond the stomatal and biochemical interventions 
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下载免费PDF全文 M. Waqas C. Yaning H. Iqbal M. Shareef H. Rehman Y. Yang 《Journal of Agronomy and Crop Science》2017,203(4):315-322
Quinoa is gaining importance on global scale due to its excellent nutritious profile and environmental stress‐enduring potential. Its production decreases under high salt stress but can be improved with paclobutrazol application. This study showed involvement of some potential protective mechanisms in root and leaf tissues of quinoa plants treated with paclobutrazol (PBZ) against high salinity. The treatment levels were based on preliminary experiments, and it was found that salt stress (400 mm NaCl) markedly reduced growth and photosynthetic pigments while PBZ (20 mg/L) application significantly improved these attributes. Stomata density and aperture declined on adaxial and abaxial surfaces of leaves due to salinity. Paclobutrazol application significantly improved the stomatal density on both surfaces of leaves. Concentration of proline and soluble sugars increased in root and leaf tissues under salinity, which was more obvious in PBZ‐treated plants. Salinity stress induced the oxidative damage by increasing lipid peroxidation (MDA) level in roots and more specifically in leaf tissues. However, PBZ treatments ameliorated the drastic effects of salinity and markedly reduced oxidative damage in salt‐stressed quinoa plants. Enhanced activity of enzymatic antioxidants such as superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and peroxidase (POD) was triggered by PBZ application, more pronounced in leaf than root tissues. Based on these findings, we conclude that PBZ application improves the salt tolerance in quinoa by activation of the above‐mentioned physiological and biochemical mechanisms specifically in leaves. 相似文献
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The effect of cold acclimation on the water status and the fate of carbohydrates was studied in white clover (Trifolium repens L., cv Huia) subjected to chilling and/or freeze-thaw cycles. Treatments were applied in a controlled environment, with a constant photoperiod, for 6 weeks to plants either acclimated or non-acclimated to low temperature.
Cold acclimated plants had a higher concentration of starch in the stolons at the end of the acclimation period than non-acclimated plants (54 vs. 15 mg g−1 DW). During the experiment, the leaves of cold acclimated plants subjected to frosts maintained a higher relative water content (RWC) than did leaves of plants not acclimated for which we observed a strong dehydration of 80%.
Under chilling, cold acclimated plants demonstrated an osmotic adjustment. We showed that only 30–40% of the variation of the osmotic potential was explained by variation in free sugar concentration, suggesting that compounds other than carbohydrates participated in the osmotic regulation.
Chilling increased the carbohydrate content and frost decreased the starch concentration in non-acclimated plants only.
We showed in white clover that the cold acclimation contributed to frost and chilling tolerance by the maintenance of the hydration of tissues. We demonstrated that osmotic adjustment was not completely explain by the accumulation of free sugars. 相似文献
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银杏愈伤组织诱导与生长的优化试验 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
采用正交试验研究了四种外植体、基本培养基、萘乙酸（NAA）、6-苄基嘌呤（6-BA）4因素4水平及银杏幼叶汁和胚乳汁对银杏愈伤组织诱导及生长的影响。结果表明：银杏愈伤组织诱导和生长的最佳组合均是以子叶为最佳外植体,而培养基最佳组合分别是MS+ NAA 3.0 mg／L + BA 2.0 mg／L和SH+ NAA 3.0 mg／L + BA 1.5 mg／L;四种因子影响次序是外植体 ＞基本培养基＞NAA ＞ 6-BA;银杏胚乳汁促进愈伤组织生长,而银杏叶汁却抑制愈伤组织生长。 相似文献