共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 31 毫秒
1.
REASONS FOR PERFORMING STUDY: Repair of spiral and long diaphyseal metacarpal and metatarsal fractures under anaesthesia can be problematic and associated with a high incidence of complications, including fracture propagation necessitating euthanasia. OBJECTIVE: To report on a practical repair technique for which general anaesthesia is not required. METHODS: Thirteen racehorses with a spiral/propagating condylar fracture had the fracture repaired using local anaesthesia and sedation, without the need for general anaesthetic. RESULTS: Ten of the horses returned to training and 8 raced again. Two horses were retired directly to stud. One horse had propagation of the fracture 3 days post surgery, and was subjected to euthanasia. CONCLUSIONS AND POTENTIAL RELEVANCE: Results achieved were comparable to those gained using standard repair techniques under general anaesthesia. The described technique removes the need for general anaesthesia for repair of selected condylar fractures. 相似文献
2.
S B Adams 《Veterinary Clinics of North America: Food Animal Practice》1985,1(1):109-129
External fixation is a very useful method of treating selected fractures in cattle. The economics of therapy and the availability of the techniques to all veterinarians will continue to make external fixation the most frequently used method of fracture repair in cattle. 相似文献
3.
James K Roush 《Veterinary Clinics of North America: Small Animal Practice》2005,35(5):1137-54, vi
Fracture repair in small animals has arrived at a crossroads because of advances in fracture repair and client demands. Research into bone healing and repair techniques, collective professional experience,economics, and client demands are obligating veterinarians to greater expertise in the actual act of repairing fractures. The influx of surgery specialists into burgeoning private practices has improved access to specialty service beyond what the limited number of academic practices could previously provide and has raised the local standard of practice for orthopedic surgery at the same time. The necessity to deal with the preoperative and postoperative management of traumatized small animals by the general practitioner has not changed, however.Treatment of the small animal patient with a fractured bone does involve accurate definition of the fracture, selection of an appropriate method of fracture fixation from the variety of devices available, and correct application of the fixation. Far more than these, however, it involves assessment and treatment of the traumatized patient as a whole,including preanesthetic evaluation of critical body systems, preoperative preparation of the patient and client, and postoperative management of the repaired fracture and patient. 相似文献
4.
Burton NJ 《Journal of Feline Medicine and Surgery》2011,13(5):376-382
CLINICAL SUMMARY: The surgical repair of comminuted ilial wing fractures (comprising a long oblique fracture with ventral multiple fragmentation) in three cats using composite internal fixation is reported. The technique comprised the use of pins, screws, wire and polymethylmethacrylate. All cases had an excellent outcome with uneventful bone healing. One case had a very mild reduction in pelvic canal diameter postoperatively. There was no evidence of implant loosening or migration in any cat on follow-up radiographs. PRACTICAL RELEVANCE: This technique provided a quick and highly adaptable means of stabilising this fracture configuration, as well as restoring pelvic symmetry, when limited buttressing support and bone stock were available cranial and ventral to the acetabulum. This method of fixation may have biomechanical advantages over lateral or dorsal plating techniques for this particular type of fracture configuration. 相似文献
5.
A Palomino gelding presented for evaluation of a mandibular fracture and physical examination revealed swelling and excoriation of the skin over the ventral mandible. Upon further examination, malalignment of the incisors was appreciated in addition to instability and crepitance of both the rostral aspect and vertical ramus of the mandible. Radiographic examination revealed a comminuted fracture within the interdental space and fractures of both vertical ramii of the mandible. Under general anaesthesia via tracheotomy intubation, the fractures of the vertical ramii were reduced and compression plating techniques used along the caudal‐lateral border of both ramii for stabilisation. Intraoral tension band wires were used for repair of the interdental space fracture. A type II external skeletal fixator using Steinmann pins and polymethyl methacrylate connecting bars was applied to increase stability. The horse was maintained on broad spectrum antibiotics and phenylbutazone and discharged following 6 days of hospitalisation. Radiographs were taken 10 weeks after surgery and revealed evidence of adequate healing. On follow‐up 20 months later, the horse was reported to have no difficulties eating and was maintaining its bodyweight. This case is unique due to the severity of the mandibular fracture. The authors are unaware of any previous reports of such a severely comminuted mandibular fracture and its successful reconstruction employing multiple surgical techniques. 相似文献
6.
M.A.E. Rex M.A. Vet.M.B. M.R.C.V.S. 《New Zealand veterinary journal》2013,61(2):45-46
Extract The use of an intra-medullary pin for repair of a midshaft fracture of the dog's femur is usually followed by excellent bone healing. Untoward sequelae may follow poor technique, or the use of pins in cases in which other techniques are indicated. This communication records an unusual sequel to intra-medullary pinning which the writer has not observed previously. 相似文献
7.
R E Oakley 《Veterinary Clinics of North America: Small Animal Practice》1999,29(5):1083-1095
The goal of any method of fracture repair should be the early return of total limb function and the prevention of fracture disease. This can be accomplished through adhering to the basic principles of good patient and fracture assessment, choosing the correct method of fracture repair, and appropriate patient care. The complications of external coaptation can be minimized by appropriate patient and fracture assessment as well as correct cast and splint application. Choosing external coaptation as a method of fracture repair can be rewarding as long as the appropriate steps are taken to ensure success. 相似文献
8.
Susan E Orosz 《Veterinary Clinics of North America: Exotic Animal Practice》2002,5(1):31-48, v-vi
The avian skeleton is significantly different from the mammalian skeleton, and these differences are important when providing fracture repair and postoperative care for the avian patient. Successful repair depends on an understanding of fracture management and healing and of the anatomical, physiologic, and behavioral concerns of avian patients. Having knowledge of fracture repair without an understanding of the unique needs of avian patients' results in a disappointing treatment response. 相似文献
9.
Legendre L 《Journal of veterinary dentistry》2003,20(2):70-78
Maxillofacial fractures in dogs and cats occur secondary to vehicular trauma, falls, kicks, gunshots, and fights with other animals. Pathologic mandibular fracture may occur secondary to periodontal disease, neoplasia, and metabolic diseases. The primary objective for repair of maxillofacial fractures in small animals is return to normal function. Therefore, it is necessary to maintain occlusal alignment while providing adequate stability for bony union. Basic principles of maxillofacial fracture repair include anatomic reduction and restoration of occlusion, application of a stable fixation to neutralize negative forces on the fracture, gentle handling of soft tissues, avoidance of iatrogenic dental trauma, extraction of diseased teeth within the fracture line, and minimizing excessive soft tissue elevation. This review article will describe the application of intraoral acrylic splints for maxillofacial fracture repair. 相似文献
10.
Reasons for performing study: Standing fracture repair in the horse is a recently described surgical procedure and currently there are few follow‐up data. This case series contains 2 novel aspects in the standing horse: repair of incomplete sagittal fractures of the proximal phalanx and medial condylar repair from a lateral aspect. Objectives: To describe outcome in a case series of horses that had lower limb fractures repaired under standing sedation at Rossdales Equine Hospital. Method: Case records for all horses that had a fracture surgically repaired, by one surgeon at Rossdales Equine Hospital, under standing sedation and local anaesthesia up until June 2011, were retrieved. Hospital records, owner/trainer telephone questionnaire and the Racing Post website were used to evaluate follow‐up. Results: Thirty‐four horses satisfied the inclusion criteria. Fracture sites included the proximal phalanx (incomplete sagittal fracture, n = 14); the third metacarpal bone (lateral condyle, n = 12, and medial condyle, n = 7); and the third metatarsal bone (lateral condyle, n = 1). One horse required euthanasia due to caecal rupture 10 days post operatively. Twenty horses (66.7% of those with available follow‐up) have returned to racing. Where available, mean time from operation to return to racing was 226 days (range 143–433 days). Conclusions: Standing fracture repair produced similar results to fracture repair under general anaesthesia in terms of both the number of horses that returned to racing and the time between surgery and race. Potential relevance: Repair of lower limb fracture in the horse under standing sedation is a procedure that has the potential for tangible benefits, including avoidance of the inherent risks of general anaesthesia. The preliminary findings in this series of horses are encouraging and informative when discussing options available prior to fracture repair. 相似文献
11.
Reasons for performing study: Fractured ribs are encountered quite frequently in newborn Thoroughbred foals, often with fatal outcome. Surgical repair of fractures therefore requires consideration as a means of reducing mortality. Objectives: To evaluate the repair of rib fractures using internal fixation techniques in foals at 2 different equine hospitals following similar diagnostics and case selection. Methods: The records of 14 foals that underwent internal fixation of fracture ribs were reviewed. Subject details, clinical presentation, diagnosis, surgical technique, post operative care and complications were recorded. Follow-up information was obtained in 7 foals. Results: The fractured ribs were reduced and stabilised using reconstruction plate(s), self-tapping cortical screws and cerclage wire in 12 cases, Steinmann pins and cerclage wires in 1 case and both techniques in 1 case. Not every rib was reduced on each case. Surgical reduction was performed on an average of 2 ribs, range 1-3 ribs in each foal. At the time of writing, 4 foals had been sold, one age 2 years was in training and 2 others died from unrelated causes. Conclusions: Our data support the use of surgical stabilisation utilising reconstruction plates, self-tapping cortical screws and cerclage wire for selected cases of thoracic trauma in neonatal foals. The use of Steinmann pins may be suboptimal due to cyclic failure, implant migration and the potential for iatrogenic internal thoracic trauma. Potential relevance: Foals with existing extensive internal thoracic trauma resulting from rib fracture(s), or the potential for such trauma, previously considered to have a guarded to poor prognosis for survival, may be successfully managed with internal fixation of selected fracture sites. 相似文献
12.
Understanding both the benefits and the limitations of screw and plate fixation, while considering the ultimate objective of returning the limb to full function, ensures acceptable and repeatable results. The basic principles of fracture repair using plating techniques are no more complicated than those applied to more "simple" methods using pin, wire, and external skeletal fixation; however, familiarity with the additional necessary instrumentation and technical aspects are required. 相似文献
13.
An adult llama and four alpacas were referred with long bone fractures. The llama presented with a closed, comminuted fracture of the right metatarsal bones. Two of the alpacas presented with comminuted fractures of the proximal radius. One fracture was closed and one was open. One alpaca had a closed, comminuted fracture of the distal radius, and the final alpaca had a closed, oblique fracture of the metatarsus. A diagnosis was made in each animal on the basis of clinical examination and radiographs. All fractures were managed by open reduction and internal fixation using selective placement of lag screws and dynamic compression plates. Four animals made uneventful recoveries and no long-term complications were encountered. One alpaca was re-admitted for plate failure and non-union of the fracture 5 weeks after surgery. The plate and screws were removed and a transfixation cast was applied. The fracture healed, however the alpaca showed signs of radial nerve paralysis after the cast was removed. With confinement in a small yard, full function gradually returned to the leg over the ensuing 4 months. Using techniques recommended in other species, South American camelids are suitable candidates for long bone fracture repair using open reduction and internal fixation. 相似文献
14.
Comparison of Three Methods of Ulnar Fixation in Horses 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
PETER D. HANSON DVM MS Diplomate ACVS HEATHER HARTWIG BS MARK D. MARKEL DVM PhD Diplomate ACVS 《Veterinary surgery : VS》1997,26(3):165-171
Objective- This study compares the mechanical properties of three methods of equine ulnar fixation: dynamic compression plating, pins and wires tension band, and a prototype grip system.
Study Design- The mechanical properties of dynamic compression plating, pins and wires tension band, and a prototype grip system repair of equine ulnar fractures were evaluated in a cadaveric osteotomy model.
Animals or Sample Population- Fifteen pairs of the radius and ulna from equine cadavers.
Methods- The three repair techniques were evaluated to mimic the pull of the triceps brachii muscle in single cycle to failure and in cyclic fatigue loading. Single cycle results were evaluated as the axial and angular displacement. Cyclic fatigue results were evaluated as the number of cycles to failure.
Results- Dynamic compression plate fixation and pins and wires tension band had significantly less axial displacement of the proximal fragment than the grip system ( P <.05). No significant difference in angular rotation of the proximal fragment was present between the three techniques. Dynamic compression plating had significantly greater fatigue resistance than the grip system ( P <.05). Cyclic failure was characterized by screw loosening or breakage and wire breakage.
Conclusions- Dynamic compression plates were better than the other techniques at maintaining compression of a transverse ulnar osteotomy at the level of the anconeal process just proximal to the trochlear notch.
Clinical Relevance- Knowledge of fixation technique mechanical properties is essential for surgeons to select the proper method of fracture repair. 相似文献
Study Design- The mechanical properties of dynamic compression plating, pins and wires tension band, and a prototype grip system repair of equine ulnar fractures were evaluated in a cadaveric osteotomy model.
Animals or Sample Population- Fifteen pairs of the radius and ulna from equine cadavers.
Methods- The three repair techniques were evaluated to mimic the pull of the triceps brachii muscle in single cycle to failure and in cyclic fatigue loading. Single cycle results were evaluated as the axial and angular displacement. Cyclic fatigue results were evaluated as the number of cycles to failure.
Results- Dynamic compression plate fixation and pins and wires tension band had significantly less axial displacement of the proximal fragment than the grip system ( P <.05). No significant difference in angular rotation of the proximal fragment was present between the three techniques. Dynamic compression plating had significantly greater fatigue resistance than the grip system ( P <.05). Cyclic failure was characterized by screw loosening or breakage and wire breakage.
Conclusions- Dynamic compression plates were better than the other techniques at maintaining compression of a transverse ulnar osteotomy at the level of the anconeal process just proximal to the trochlear notch.
Clinical Relevance- Knowledge of fixation technique mechanical properties is essential for surgeons to select the proper method of fracture repair. 相似文献
15.
There have been few studies on the process of fracture repair in avian species. Most of the information shows similarities between avian and mammalian bone growth and fracture repair, but there are differences. The main finding confirms that fractures must be reduced properly, stabilized, and immobilized with an adequate blood supply to the bone fragments for optimal healing. The return to function of extremities, particularly the legs and wings, is an important consideration when internal fixation methods are used. Causing little or no collateral damage to soft tissue and joint when implanting internal hardware is ideal and reduces the likelihood of impaired function. Whether internal or external fixation methods are used for fracture reduction, the knowledge of avian bone growth and fracture repair is essential for veterinarian understanding and when discussing the healing process with clients. 相似文献
16.
BRYAN T. TORRES DVM JONATHAN N. CHAMBERS DVM Diplomate ACVS STEVEN C. BUDSBERG DVM MS Diplomate ACVS 《Veterinary surgery : VS》2009,38(1):87-91
Objective— To report repair of a periprosthetic acetabular fracture with concurrent component displacement after cementless total hip arthroplasty (THA).
Study Design— Clinical case report.
Animals— Dog (n=1) with an acetabular fracture after THA.
Methods— Acetabular repair was performed on a highly comminuted periprosthetic acetabular fracture after cementless THA. A bulk, structural corticocancellous autograft from the ipsilateral ilial wing was used for repair and reconstruction of the dorsal acetabular wall before reimplantation of a cementless acetabular component.
Results— Repair of a periprosthetic acetabular fracture with a bulk structural autograft was successful in reconstruction of the dorsal acetabular wall and in reestablishing a stable, functional cementless THA acetabular prosthesis.
Conclusions— Structural corticocancellous autografts from the ilium can be successfully used in repair of periprosthetic acetabular fractures after THA.
Clinical Relevance— Structural corticocancellous grafting from the ilium can be considered as a treatment option for repair of periprosthetic acetabular fractures after THA. 相似文献
Study Design— Clinical case report.
Animals— Dog (n=1) with an acetabular fracture after THA.
Methods— Acetabular repair was performed on a highly comminuted periprosthetic acetabular fracture after cementless THA. A bulk, structural corticocancellous autograft from the ipsilateral ilial wing was used for repair and reconstruction of the dorsal acetabular wall before reimplantation of a cementless acetabular component.
Results— Repair of a periprosthetic acetabular fracture with a bulk structural autograft was successful in reconstruction of the dorsal acetabular wall and in reestablishing a stable, functional cementless THA acetabular prosthesis.
Conclusions— Structural corticocancellous autografts from the ilium can be successfully used in repair of periprosthetic acetabular fractures after THA.
Clinical Relevance— Structural corticocancellous grafting from the ilium can be considered as a treatment option for repair of periprosthetic acetabular fractures after THA. 相似文献
17.
OBJECTIVE: To describe treatment and outcome of humerus fractures in llamas and alpacas. STUDY DESIGN: Retrospective study. ANIMALS: Llamas (n=4) and alpacas (3) with humerus fracture. METHODS: Medical records (January 1, 1998-August 1, 2004) were reviewed for small camelids with a humeral fracture. Retrieved data were signalment, history, physical examination and radiographic findings, surgical and medical treatment, and outcome. RESULTS: Humeral fracture occurred in 7 of 38 (18%) camelids admitted with fractures. Affected animals were aged from 1 month to 3 years old. Fracture configuration included long-oblique (n=4), short-oblique (2), and Salter-Harris Type II fracture of the proximal physis (1). One adult llama was managed by stall confinement and surgical repair was attempted in the other camelids: fixation by screws inserted in lag fashion (n=3), intramedullary pinning and fixation by screws inserted in lag fashion (1), rush pinning (1), and bone plating (1). A Velpeau sling was used for additional support in 3 animals. All fractures healed but temporary radial nerve paresis occurred in 3 animals. Limb shortening and permanent lameness occurred in the llama managed conservatively. CONCLUSIONS: Humerus fractures in small camelids are amenable to surgical repair which may offer better long-term outcome than medical treatment alone. CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Surgical treatment of humerus fractures should have a good prognosis in llamas and alpacas. In select cases, minimally invasive techniques, such as rush pinning or fixation by screws inserted in lag fashion are sufficient for fracture healing. 相似文献
18.
H. R. SUKHIANI DVM DVSC Diplomate ACVS D. L. HOLMBERG DVM MVSC Diplomate ACVS 《Veterinary surgery : VS》1997,26(5):398-407
Objective— To compare the biomechanical properties of five intramedullary (IM) pin fixation techniques for Salter-Harris type I fractures of the distal femur in dogs.
Study Design— Randomized, one-way factorial design composed of five treatment groups: (1) single IM pin, (2) dynamic IM crossed pins, (3) paired convergent pins, (4) crossed pins, and (5) crossed polyglycolic acid (PGA) rods.
Sample Population— Forty pairs of cadaver canine femurs.
Materials— One femur of each pair was manually fractured and subsequently repaired; the contralateral intact femur served as its control. Each femur was loaded in torsion until failure occurred and load-deformation curves were generated.
Results— The crossed-pin technique sustained the greatest load to failure (116.8%) followed by the paired convergent pins (104.8%), dynamic IM pins (90.6%), single IM pin (72.1%), and crossed PGA rods (71.9%). Statistically significant differences in strength at failure were detected between the crossed-pin and single IM pin and the crossed-pin and crossed PGA rod techniques. All fixation techniques underwent greater deformation (1.5 times as much) and had a lower stiffness (66% to 75%) compared with the intact controls; however, there was no significant difference between techniques. Failure in the paired convergent and crossed-pin techniques occurred by fracture of the bone; failure in the other techniques occurred by distraction at the fracture site.
Conclusion— The rotational stability of any of the fixation techniques appears to be primarily determined by the ability to prevent distraction and maintain interdigitation of the physis.
Clinical Relevance— When choosing a particular fixation technique for repair of a distal femoral physeal fracture, consideration should be given to the technique's relative biomechanical merits. 相似文献
Study Design— Randomized, one-way factorial design composed of five treatment groups: (1) single IM pin, (2) dynamic IM crossed pins, (3) paired convergent pins, (4) crossed pins, and (5) crossed polyglycolic acid (PGA) rods.
Sample Population— Forty pairs of cadaver canine femurs.
Materials— One femur of each pair was manually fractured and subsequently repaired; the contralateral intact femur served as its control. Each femur was loaded in torsion until failure occurred and load-deformation curves were generated.
Results— The crossed-pin technique sustained the greatest load to failure (116.8%) followed by the paired convergent pins (104.8%), dynamic IM pins (90.6%), single IM pin (72.1%), and crossed PGA rods (71.9%). Statistically significant differences in strength at failure were detected between the crossed-pin and single IM pin and the crossed-pin and crossed PGA rod techniques. All fixation techniques underwent greater deformation (1.5 times as much) and had a lower stiffness (66% to 75%) compared with the intact controls; however, there was no significant difference between techniques. Failure in the paired convergent and crossed-pin techniques occurred by fracture of the bone; failure in the other techniques occurred by distraction at the fracture site.
Conclusion— The rotational stability of any of the fixation techniques appears to be primarily determined by the ability to prevent distraction and maintain interdigitation of the physis.
Clinical Relevance— When choosing a particular fixation technique for repair of a distal femoral physeal fracture, consideration should be given to the technique's relative biomechanical merits. 相似文献
19.
Repair of a type IV Monteggia fracture in a foal 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
A Monteggia fracture is a humero-radial luxation combined with a fracture of the ulna. It is a rare injury, infrequently reported in the horse. This case report describes the surgical repair of such a fracture in a 4-month-old filly. 相似文献
20.
Vertebral fractures in horses are relatively common and often occur due to trauma. Clinical signs may range from neck pain and mild neurological dysfunction to tetraplegia and death. Severity of signs and prognosis depends on extent of damage to the spinal cord. In this Case Report, serial radiographs, which track the bony changes associated with fracture healing, were performed over one year. Although surgical techniques have been described to repair fractures to the vertebrae, patients with minimal neurological deficit may have a favourable outcome with conservative medical management, as in this case. 相似文献