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1.
Through rearing tests and observations under laboratory conditions, biological characters and mating behavior of Dahurian
casebearer (Coleophora dahurica Flkv.) adults were studied in this paper. Results discovered that the time of emergense of male adults was 24h to 36h earlier
than that of female adults. The peak of sex pheromone secretion of the female adults appeared of 24h to 42h after the emergence.
The reaction of male adults on the sex pheromone was most sensitive during 30h to 48h after emerged, so the earlier emergence
of the male adults was favorable to mating. The phenomenon of repeated mating did not exist in female adults, but the male
adults could mate for several times, with maximum of 4 times. There was a definite behavioral reaction during the mating period
of male and female adults, and the certain period of feeding and mating times could affect the adults longervity to a certain
degree. 相似文献
2.
Takashi Kuriwada Norikuni Kumano Keiko Shiromoto Dai Haraguchi 《Journal of pest science》2011,84(1):93-97
In sterile insect technique (SIT) programs, the released sterile males are important for their effectiveness. The use of sex
pheromones to collect males is economical; however, pre-exposure to sex pheromones may affect male mating behavior, and would
thus reduce the effectiveness of the SIT programs. Males exposed to sex pheromone may become attractive to other males due
to pheromone adsorption on their body impregnation, prevent mating and reduce the dispersal of sterile males. We examined
the effect of pre-exposure to sex pheromone on the mating behavior of male sweetpotato weevil Cylas formicarius. Pre-exposure to high-dose sex pheromone for 24 h did not affect the male mating behavior of C. formicarius, and the exposed males did not attract other males. These results suggest that male C. formicarius that were collected from a mass-rearing facility using sex pheromone can be effectively used in SIT programs. 相似文献
3.
枣粘虫性行为时辰节律的研究 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
本文利用腺体提取、瓶内收集、触角电位和田间试验等方法对枣粘虫产生和释放性信息素时辰节律进行了研究。其中瓶内收集性信息素的方法,在研究昆虫释放性信息素时辰节律方面报道很少,更重要的是,此法在我们的实验中取得了比较满意的效果。研究结果表明:(1)羽化后1—6天的提取物产生的触角电位无明显差异,说明性信息素在此期间的产生与日龄无关(2)腺体中性信息素的含量高峰在凌晨4点,而从体内往体外释放的高峰在早晨7点。(3)利用处女雌蛾不同时辰的诱蛾量的田间试验也进一步证明了枣粘虫产生和释放性信息素与交配行为在时辰节律上的同步性。 相似文献
4.
田间采集老熟幼虫或蛹,在室内分时段观测杨扇舟蛾成虫羽化、交尾和产卵规律.结果表明:杨扇舟蛾在河北沧州地区1 a发生4代,个别5代.成虫主要在傍晚羽化,雄虫羽化高峰出现在15:00-18:00,雌虫在18:00-21:00,单体成虫羽化需13～28 min.雌虫自羽化至初次交尾时间为34.82～54.62 h,成虫交尾起始时间在04:00-05:00,交尾结束时间在19:01-20:00,整个交尾持续时间15.4～16.17 h.雌雄成虫均可进行2次交尾,交尾高峰期和羽化高峰期相差7～11 h.成虫羽化后多在第2和第3天交尾,7日龄以后雌虫不再释放性信息素与雄虫交尾.雌虫交尾后大多当晚或第2天晚上产卵,产卵时间主要集中在20:00-24:00,产卵方式为块产,个别单产.单个卵块平均卵量50～80粒,卵块单层平铺,总卵量220～420粒.雌虫可孤雌产卵,但卵不能孵化. 相似文献
5.
[目的]为摸清金斑蝶成虫的行为特征,[方法]在田间的网室内跟踪观察其飞行、取食、求偶、交配和产卵行为。[结果]表明:金斑蝶成虫羽化主要集中在8:00—10:00,成虫羽化当天基本处于停歇状态;羽化第2天起至交配前,雌雄成虫的日平均飞行次数及日平均飞行时间均逐渐增加,雄成虫的日飞行高峰在13:00—15:00,雌成虫的日飞行高峰期在9:00—11:00和15:00—17:00,雌雄成虫的日平均飞行次数、平均飞行时间和日飞行规律的差异均不显著(p0.05);飞行次数与飞行时间均呈显著正相关(雌蝶:r=0.978,p0.05;雄蝶:r=0.957,p0.05)。金斑蝶雌雄成虫羽化次日开始取食,自羽化第2天起,雌雄成虫的日平均取食次数及日平均取食时间均逐渐增加,雄虫的日取食活动高峰期在9:00—11:00,雌虫日访花高峰期在11:00—13:00和15:00—17:00,雌雄成虫的日平均取食次数、平均取食时间和日取食规律的差异均不显著(p0.05);取食次数与取食时间均呈不显著正相关(雌蝶:r=0.949,p0.05;雄蝶:r=0.853,p0.05)。最早交配时间发生在羽化第4天,雌雄成虫均可多次交配,交配主要发生在14:00—16:00。产卵时间主要在11:00—13:00,雌成虫的产卵方式为散产,主要产卵于寄主植物叶片背面。[结论]金斑蝶成虫期可分为运动器官成熟阶段、补充营养和促进生殖器官发育阶段、求偶和交配阶段、产卵等4个阶段,各阶段内行为有交叉。 相似文献
6.
柳杉大痣小蜂的寄生及防治 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
综合比较几种寄生率考查方法，以剖粒法是为简便，也符合客观，可在生产上应用；据室内观察成虫的羽化始期为4月15日，最迟至4月24日，羽化高峰期为4月22～24日，低峰期为4月28日；成虫雌雄性比平均为1：1、31。本研究为防治提出了几种方法，其中较为经济方便的是除掉当年受害球果，消灭越冬虫源；在成虫羽化盛期的4月15日至5月初，在柳杉林内进行喷药，杀死成虫。 相似文献
7.
Andrea Lucchi Paolo Sambado Anna B. Juan Royo Bruno Bagnoli Giovanni Benelli 《Journal of pest science》2018,91(4):1327-1334
Pheromone-mediated mating disruption (MD) is currently considered an effective strategy to control the European grapevine moth (EGVM), Lobesia botrana, with a successful interference on natural female calling during the male searching flight. However, little is known on the impact of the hour of the day on EGVM male flight. While various models forecasting the day of maximum presence of males per flight have been developed, field research on the male flight activity over 24 hours is scarce. Hence, we used video camera-assisted pheromone traps to allow a continuous monitoring of EGVM flights over daylight and night hours, quantifying captures of males. Experiments were carried out in three vineyards located in northern Spain over two years (2016 and 2017). Results showed that EGVM flight mainly occurred between 21:00 and 23:00 h (GMT+1, daylight saving time). Furthermore, male catches significantly differed over the study year, annual flight period and vineyard. Most of the dispensers used worldwide for EGVM MD continuously release the main sex pheromone component [(7E,9Z)-7,9-dodecadien-1-yl acetate], except for some automatic devices releasing puffs of sex pheromones at selected time intervals. The findings presented here can be useful to optimize the MD technique, identifying selected time intervals when the release of EGVM synthetic pheromones can be concentrated, boosting MD efficacy against this important pest, minimizing the release of synthetic sex pheromone molecules in the environment and reducing application costs. 相似文献
8.
杨扇舟蛾雌蛾性信息素腺体提取物的生物活性 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
通过EAG和行为测定方法.研究了杨扇舟蛾雄蛾对雌蛾性信息素腺体提取物的电生理反应和行为反应.结果显示,雄蛾对羽化第2天的雌蛾腺体提取物的EAG反应值大于第1天的反应值,之后随日龄增加缓慢衰减,说明杨扇舟蛾求偶和释放性信息素的高峰期应在羽化后的1～2d内.随着雌蛾腺体提取物剂量的增加,雄蛾的EAG反应值增大,表明雄蛾对雌蛾雌蛾腺体提取物反应的强弱与性信息素含量呈正相关.行为测定结果表明,杨扇舟蛾雄蛾对不同剂量的雌蛾腺体提取物均具有趋性,但无规律性变化.处女蛾的性信息素腺体提取物引起的雄蛾趋性反应强于交尾蛾,杨扇舟蛾雌蛾具重复交配的特性. 相似文献
9.
Giovanni Benelli Adriano Carpita Sandro Simoncini Alfio Raspi Angelo Canale 《Journal of pest science》2014,87(3):449-457
The braconid parasitoid Psyttalia concolor foraging for larvae of Bactrocera oleae (Diptera: Tephritidae) uses olfactory cues from the larval microhabitat. However, it could rely on the sex pheromones of adults of its host, since B. oleae mating leks usually occur on olive plants and a high number of infested fruits can be easily located in their close proximity. We quantified the behavioural responses of P. concolor towards different doses of the two major sex pheromone components of B. oleae, the female-borne 1,7-dioxaspiro[5.5]undecane (DSU) and the male-borne (Z)-9-tricosene (ZT). Results showed that P. concolor females and males were attracted only to the highest amounts of ZT (10 B. oleae male equivalents), regardless of the mating status. Wasps remained longer on the surfaces treated with high ZT amounts over the control. P. concolor females could exploit the ZT produced by lekking olive fruit fly males as a foraging kairomone. This could allow them to rapidly track B. oleae-infested olive plants, thus raising their chances to locate host larvae during their lifespan. On the other hand, the perception of ZT by P. concolor males could raise their chances to locate receptive females emerging from parasitised B. oleae pupae or also ovipositing in olive fruits. This study increases the knowledge of the reproductive biology of P. concolor, highlighting a case of chemical espionage in which a sex pheromone component from adult stages of the host is exploited both as a foraging kairomone by female parasitoids and as a sexual kairomone by male wasps. 相似文献
10.
【目的】明确苹果不套袋栽培模式下梨小食心虫的发生动态、危害情况及性迷向素的防治效果,为不套袋苹果园中梨小食心虫的精准防控提供试验依据。【方法】通过性信息素诱芯监测烟台等3个地区不套袋栽培苹果园中梨小食心虫的发生动态,调查梨小食心虫蛀果率,分别研究在越冬代、第1代和第2代成虫羽化前期施放梨小食心虫性迷向素对梨小食心虫的防治效果。【结果】烟台、威海、泰安3个地区梨小食心虫成虫田间始发期为 3月中下旬至4月上旬,发生末期均为10月上旬,共出现5个高峰,7—9月为群体数量高峰期;3个地区不套袋苹果园中性信息素诱芯对梨小食心虫的全年诱捕数量为每诱芯213~1 837头,显著低于套袋苹果园(每诱芯729~ 3 715头)( P <0.05),而不套袋苹果园的梨小食心虫蛀果率为3.38%~6.13%,显著高于套袋苹果园(0.13%~0.50%)( P <0.05)。在不套袋苹果园中,性迷向素在梨小食心虫越冬代、第1代和第2代成虫羽化前期施放对梨小食心虫雄成虫交配行为均具有显著干扰效果,迷向率为87.28%~99.80%,不同时期施放处理间差异显著( P <0.05)。第5 代幼虫危害盛期(09-11—10-08)的蛀果率调查发现,性迷向素在第1代和第2代成虫羽化前期施放对梨小食心虫蛀果防治效果分别为92.89%和95.53%,显著高于越冬代羽化前施放(81.77%)( P <0.05)。【结论】烟台、威海、泰安3个地区梨小食心虫的发生动态趋势、成虫发蛾高峰期和持续时间在套袋和不套袋苹果园中差异不明显,但梨小食心虫在不套袋果园中的危害重于套袋果园。在不套袋栽培苹果园中使用性迷向素结合常规化学防治对梨小食心虫的防效显著高于单独常规药剂防治,其中在梨小食心虫第1代和第2代成虫羽化前期施放性迷向素对梨小食心虫的防治效果最佳。 相似文献
11.
本研究利用透射电子显微镜对油松毛虫成虫飞翔肌超显微结构进行了观察．结果表明，油松毛虫成虫具有善于飞翔的超显微结构；初羽化时，肌纤维中的肌节及线粒体发育已基本成熟；但肌纤维中的横管系统则是随着蛾龄的增加而明显变化，可以肯定成虫的飞翔能力与肌纤维的横管系统密切相关；从飞翔肌的基本结构来看，羽化后１～３日龄为油松毛虫成虫的最适飞翔阶段，这与室内成虫吊飞模拟实验相一致；同日龄吊飞与未吊飞的成虫，其飞翔肌结构基本一致，所以油松毛虫成虫飞翔与否对其飞翔肌的发育无明显影响． 相似文献
12.
天牛信息素的研究进展 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
天牛是对林木健康生长最具破坏力的重要蛀干害虫之一,对天牛信息素的研究是探索基于化学生态学和行为特性的防治技术的重要方面。雌雄二性天牛受寄主植物挥发物,特别是幼虫危害诱导的寄主挥发物的吸引,聚集在取食地点附近。雌雄二性天牛都可释放性信息素吸引异性。雄性在触角接触雌性天牛后,对雌性产生的接触信息素产生反应,识别雌性后才试图和雌性进行交配,雌性天牛表皮蜡质层的烃类或雌雄二性表皮中相对含量比较多的物质成为特有的信号物质。雄性天牛产生聚集信息素吸引雌雄二性。随着对天牛信息素的深入研究,使用信息素复合技术将有利于提高天牛林间诱捕量,对监测天牛种群动态和无公害防治天牛具有极其重要的意义。 相似文献
13.
[目的]本文陈述国内外迷向技术的应用进展及影响迷向技术开展的生态因素,进而探讨不同缓释载体的剂型,旨在为利用昆虫性信息素迷向干扰害虫提供技术借鉴和参考。[方法]通过文献检索及个人研究方向,重点介绍国内外迷向干扰技术的应用情况及环境影响因素,探索常见缓释载体的类型(毛细管迷向丝、微胶囊、Puffer、SPLAT、蜡滴、空气纤维、静电纺丝/纳米纤维),指出不同缓释装置的优缺点。[结果]昆虫性信息素迷向干扰技术作为一种高效专一、环境友好的新型绿色防控害虫技术,已经成为害虫综合防控体系IPM(Integrated Pest Management)的重要组成部分,在全球范围内广泛应用于鳞翅目害虫的防治,鞘翅目、同翅目、半翅目、膜翅目等也有少量报道,尤以舞毒蛾、苹果蠹蛾、葡萄花翅小卷蛾的应用最为成功;明确了昆虫性信息素缓释载体及释放速率控制是有效实施性信息素迷向干扰技术的前提,揭示昆虫性信息素迷向干扰技术的应用机理,得出限制昆虫性信息素迷向干扰技术的经济及政策因素,旨在为我国更好的开展性信息素迷向干扰技术防控害虫提供参考。[结论]昆虫性信息素迷向干扰防控害虫的应用前景广泛,在农林业害虫的绿色防控中至关重要。 相似文献
14.
采用昆虫触角电位(EAG)记录方法,测定了松小蠢(Tomicuspiniperda)成虫对18种松小蠢和云南松挥发性聚集信息化合物样品的EAG反应,分析了松小蠢雌、雄成虫触角对几种高活性化合物剂量的反应。EAG测定表明,松小蠹雌、雄成虫对虫体挥发性单组分聚集信息化合物MBXS和MBXT,以及由虫体和云南松挥发物为主组成的复组分化合物α-PX+MBXT和α-Px+β-PX+MBXS有较强的触角电位反应,其剂量反应曲线呈现"S"型,并且反应阈值较低,其中主要成分为α-PX和MBXT的复组分化合物引起松小蠹成虫触角的EAG反应最大。初步确定了松小蠢成虫聚集信息素的候选化合物。 相似文献
15.
友恩蚜小蜂生物学特性研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
文章对松突圆蚧（Hemiberlesia pitysophila Takagi）天敌友恩蚜小蜂（Encarsia amicula Viggiani et Ren）的生物学特性进行了观察。试验表明,短时间的低温（5℃）对小蜂的活动影响不大,小蜂能恢复正常活动,时间越长,影响越大。低温持续24h,小蜂就会死亡。该小蜂一天中在上午11：00～下午13：00及下午15：00～17：00有两个出蜂高峰。松突圆蚧蚧壳大小与虫体大小的关系并不紧密,有的蚧虫蚧壳大,虫体并不大。蚧壳大小与友恩蚜小蜂羽化孔大小也没有相关性。观察还发现,友恩蚜小蜂可在自己、同种或异种小蜂产过卵的松突圆蚧上产卵,嗜好孕卵期的雌蚧上产卵。小蜂不寄生雄蚧,寄生范围是二龄以上雌蚧。友恩蚜小蜂的产卵量随体长增长而增加,变化曲线呈生长曲线型。在喂食蜂蜜的条件下,羽化第一天产卵占整个产卵量的68％,平均产卵率为65．79％。友恩蚜小蜂自然性比约为40：1,未经交配的友恩蚜小蜂可以繁殖,其子代均为雌性。小蜂在下午4：50左右寄生活动最为频繁。 相似文献
16.
皮暗斑螟性信息素研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
通过室内人工饲养与枣树林间定时定点观测相结合的方法,对皮暗斑螟的生殖生物学进行观测.傍晚(17-20时)羽化的成虫占总量的45.71%,交尾多于午夜后至凌晨前进行.在室内通过气相色谱与触角电位测定相结合的方法,测定皮暗斑螟雄蛾对来自雌蛾性腺的不同化合物的反应,通过应用全二维气相色谱飞行时间质谱分析技术,初步明确了皮暗斑螟性信息素组分为(Z9,E12)-十四碳-9,12-二烯-1-醇[(Z,E)-9,12-14:OH]和(Z9)-十四碳-9-烯-1醇(Z9-14:OH).对二组分及其同分异构体的单体和混合物进行了林间引诱试验,初步结果表明(Z,E)-9,12-14:OH的诱虫效果较好.5,50,500和1 000 μg不同剂量诱芯的田间引诱试验证明,500 μg剂量诱芯诱虫量最多. 相似文献
17.
小木蠹蛾雄蛾对雌蛾性信息素提取物及合成标准化合物的电生理反应 总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1
小木蠹蛾 (ＨｏｌｃｏｃｅｒｕｓｉｎｓｕｌａｒｉｓＳｔａｕｄｉｎｇｅｒ)是北京、天津等地园林树木白蜡、国槐、丁香、银杏、海棠等主要蛀干害虫 ,据 1 979年对北京市行道树的调查 (高瑞桐等 ,1 983;蒋三登等 ,1 983) ,遭此虫危害严重的地方被害株率高达 80 %以上。 1 998年再次调查发现 ,虫害程度有增无减 ,在一根长 50ｃｍ、直径8ｃｍ白蜡树段内幼虫达 2 63头。受害树株常发生风折、枯枝甚至整株死亡。同时幼虫从树干内排出粪屑挂满树枝树干或飘落地上 ,有碍市容卫生。防治方法主要是修除被害树干和施用化学药剂 ,长期使用这些方法不仅… 相似文献
18.
Prof. Dr. D. Otto 《Journal of pest science》1997,70(2):30-33
The female sex pheromone ofL. decemlineata is an aphrodisiacum, switching on mating behaviour in contacting males. A biotest is described to estimate quantitatively the exciting power of a subject (female, isolated elytrae, glass dummy coated with extract) to males. The pheromone is present only in fertile females, also in freshly killed ones. It can be extracted by organic solvents. A dummy imitating a beetle's abdomen and contaminated with the residue of a female s wash solution is exciting to males too. Suitable solvents are ethylalcohol, acetonet, hexane. By this, the pheromone of 0,1 female is detectable. The residue can be taken up again with the same or an other solvent. The solution can be stored at ?18°C without significant losses, but at temperatures>+5°C their efficacy diminishes during 2 weeks. The exciting efficacy of the dry residue desreases to about 50% during nearly 4 weeks (at+22°C) or 9 weeks (at+5°C). The pheromone resists heating to about+160°C and is destroyed at higher temperatures. 相似文献
19.
性信息素加病毒诱芯技术的风洞试验 总被引：7，自引：1，他引：7
性信息素加病毒诱芯技术的风洞试验赵博光，杨秀莲，柯立明（南京林业大学南京２１００３７）关键词自传播技术，性信息素，核型多角体病毒，风洞，大袋蛾Ｉｇｎｏｆｆｏ将有目的地利用昆虫本身传播昆虫病原生物以控制害虫种群的方法，定义为自传播法或自传播技术［１］。... 相似文献
20.
Data from a 3-yr study (1985–1987) suggest that seasonal emergence ofAdoxophyes orana as determined by sex pheromone traps and collected samples, is about the same during these years. Moth catches were noticed from early May to early June, late June to early August and early September to mid October. Some moths were also noticed in mid November in 1985 and 1987. Oviposition and hatching of larvae closely followed adult emergence. Overlapping was observed only between the late instar larvae of some generations and the earlier instar larvae of the following one. 相似文献