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转Cry1Ac+Cry2Ab抗虫棉对3种害虫的存活、生长发育及中肠相关酶活性的影响 总被引：4，自引：3，他引：1
以转Cry1Ac基因棉花和常规非转基因棉花为对照,系统研究了转Cry1Ac+Cry2Ab基因棉花对棉铃虫、斜纹夜蛾、甜菜夜蛾的存活、生长发育及中肠酶活性的影响。研究结果表明,与常规棉对照相比,转Cry1Ac+Cry2Ab基因棉花和转Cry1Ac基因棉花叶片对3种害虫的慢性毒性差异较大,对每种害虫的抗性程度也有一定的差异;饲喂转Cry1Ac+Cry2Ab基因棉花和转Cry1Ac基因棉花叶片的3种害虫幼虫生长发育进度明显缓慢、体重明显减轻,相关酶活性也有不同程度的变化,但每种酶的变化有一定的差异。 相似文献
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Spatio-temporal expression of an insecticidal gene (Cry1Ac) in pre existing transgenic lines of transgenic cotton was studied. Seasonal decline in expression of Cry1Ac differed significantly among different cotton lines tested in the field conditions. The leaves of the Bt cotton plants were found to have the highest levels of toxin expression followed by squares, bolls, anthers and petals. Expression
of the gene decreased consistently with the age of plants. Toxin expression in fruiting parts was not enough to confer full
resistance against bollworms. The reduction in efficacy of transgenic cotton plants late in the season was attributed to reduction
in promoter activity. For this purpose, ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase (Rubisco) small subunit (rbcS) promoter was isolated from Gossypium arboreum that was further cloned upstream of an insecticidal gene (Cry1Ac) in expression vector pCAMBIA 1301. A local cotton cultivar NIAB-846 was transformed with Cry1Ac driven by rbcS promoter. The same cotton cultivar was also transformed with Cry1Ac gene driven by 35SCaMV promoter to compare the expression pattern of insecticidal gene under two different promoters. The
results showed that rbcS is an efficient promoter to drive the expression of Cry1Ac gene consistent throughout the life of cotton plant as compared to 35S promoter. The use of tissue specific promoter is also
useful for addressing the biosafety issues as the promoter activity is limited to green parts of plants, hence no gene expression
in roots, cotton seed and other cotton products and by products. 相似文献
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复合性状转基因棉花杀虫蛋白表达量及对4种鳞翅目害虫的抗性 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
为了探讨复合性状棉花在长江流域对主要鳞翅目害虫的影响,本文以转Cry1Ac+Cry2Ab2+Cp4-epsps棉花Daiza24为材料,对其外源杀虫蛋白的时空表达及对棉铃虫、红铃虫、斜纹夜蛾、甜菜夜蛾4种主要鳞翅目害虫的抗性进行了测定。结果表明:Cry1Ac杀虫蛋白在复合性状棉花Daiza24和单价抗虫棉Tai D-5的各生育期不同组织器官中均能相对稳定地高表达,除铃期叶片外2个品种无显著差异。Daiza24各生育期不同组织器官中的Cry2Ab2杀虫蛋白含量高于Cry1Ac蛋白。同时,随着棉花逐渐生长,两种杀虫蛋白在棉花繁殖器官中的含量出现逐步下降的现象。室内生物测定和田间调查结果表明,在2、3、4代棉铃虫发生盛期,Daiza24不仅对棉铃虫、红铃虫有较好的控制效果,而且对斜纹夜蛾和甜菜夜蛾等非靶标害虫也有较好的控制作用,其室内杀虫效果分别为74.81%~81.81%、76.14%~85.14%,显著高于当地主栽抗虫棉品种Tai D-5,这与其杀虫蛋白表达量基本一致。 相似文献
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D. J. Luckett 《Euphytica》1989,42(1-2):177-182
Summary Seedlings of the cotton cultivar Sicot 1 were treated with either 1%, 2% or 5% colchicine in lanolin which was topically applied to the apical meristem four days after emergence. Of 293 1%-treated seedlings 64 survived to produce fertile C1 shoots which gave rise to 84 C2 single boll families. C2 and C3 generations were examined in field experiments for morphological variants and for a number of quantitative characters (yield components and fibre quality). No morphological mutants were seen but considerable heritable variation for metrical characters of economic importance was detected. Of 18 extreme C2 families consisting of 54 C3 progenies, 19 were shown in a replicated spaced-plant trial to be significantly different to the Sicot 1 parental material for at least one (usually more) characters. The 222 C3 progenies of the 66 non-extreme C2 families were tested in an unreplicated plot experiment and at least 14 were suspected of exhibiting variation in metrical characters. Although no light has been shed on the mechanism responsible for the production of variants by this method, it is argued that the colchicine technique results in higher levels of genetic variation than found in commercial cultivars; variation which can be readily exploited by cotton breeders. 相似文献
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转双价基因棉花对根际土壤酶活性和养分含量的影响 总被引：5，自引：2，他引：3
在田间试验条件下,以3种转双价基因棉和常规棉石远321为研究对象,比较分析转双价基因棉和常规棉石远321根际土壤酶活性及养分的变化。结果表明,转双价Cry1Ac+CpTI基因棉sGK321与石远321根际土壤速效磷和铵态氮含量无显著差异,而硝态氮含量则显著高于石远321;转双价Cry1Ac+Cry2Ab基因棉(双Bt抗虫棉)速效磷和铵态氮含量均显著低于石远321,而硝态氮含量与石远321无显著差异;转双价Cry1Ac+Epsps基因棉(抗虫抗除草剂棉)速效磷和硝态氮含量均显著高于石远321,而铵态氮含量显著低于石远321。sGK321棉与石远321根际土壤脲酶、碱性磷酸酶和过氧化氢酶活性均无显著差异;双Bt抗虫棉土壤脲酶活性显著低于石远321,碱性磷酸酶和过氧化氢酶活性与石远321均无显著差异;抗虫抗除草剂棉与石远321土壤脲酶活性无显著差异,碱性磷酸酶活性显著高于石远321,而过氧化氢酶活性显著低于石远321。表明sGK321棉与石远321根际土壤养分(硝态氮除外)含量和酶活性无显著差异,而双Bt抗虫棉和抗虫抗除草剂棉所呈现的差异是因不同品种所致。 相似文献
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转双价基因(Cry1 Ac+CpTI)抗虫棉(ZGK 9 71 2)对小地老虎抗虫性研究 总被引：9，自引：1，他引：9
室内测定了转 Cry1 Ac基因抗虫棉和转双价基因 (Cry1 Ac+Cp TI)抗虫棉对小地老虎的存活、生长发育、繁殖及营养效应的影响。结果表明 ,两种转基因抗虫棉对小地老虎幼虫均有一定的抗性 ,转 Cry1 Ac基因抗虫棉对低龄幼虫的抗性好于转双价基因抗虫棉 ,而转双价基因抗虫棉对高龄幼虫的抗性好于转 Cry1 Ac基因抗虫棉 ,但两种转基因抗虫棉对小地老虎幼虫的控制作用均不理想。两种转基因抗虫棉对小地老虎幼虫的生长发育、繁殖和营养效应均有较大的影响。表现为发育历期延长 ,虫重和蛹重减轻 ,羽化率、化蛹率、产卵量和卵孵化率降低 ;相对生长率、相对取食量、近似消化率、食物转化率和利用率明显降低 ,而相对代谢速率明显增加。转双价基因抗虫棉的影响更为明显 相似文献
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进行农杆菌介导转抗虫基因试验，以期选育抗虫性优良的海岛棉新品系(品种)；本实验在海岛棉体细胞胚再生体系的基础上，将携带Cry1A基因的表达载体pBI121通过农杆菌介导法转化到‘新海33号’的胚性愈伤组织中。经培养基筛选、PCR检测、RT-PCR检测、抗虫性鉴定等筛选抗虫后代。经培养基筛选共获得12棵抗性植株。PCR检测结果显示，这12棵抗性植株均能扩增出了大小相符的片段，检测结果呈阳性；RT-PCR结果显示，12棵转基因植株目的基因已经整合入基因组，且能反转录出mRNA；Bt-Cry1Ab/Ac转基因试纸条检测结果表明这12棵转基因植株含有目的蛋白；抗虫性鉴定结果证实了这些转基因植株对棉铃虫幼虫具有一定的抗性。本研究成功将抗虫基因导入至海岛棉的体内，获得了具有抗虫性的植株，其结果对转基因抗虫海岛棉新品种的培育具有一定的参考价值。 相似文献
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A Fusarium sp. root pathogen of lupin is the causal agent of the most important disease that affects the cultivation of white lupin
(Lupinus albus L.) in Egypt. The aim of our research was to investigate whether host resistance to Fusariumroot disease was available in Egyptian landraces ofLupinus albus. Five Fusarium isolates collected from white lupin samples in Egypt were tested with an Egyptian landrace and a French cultivar. The most
aggressive isolate was used to screen an additional 15 Egyptian landraces, two cultivars released in Egypt after selection
among landraces, one Polish cultivar, and two French cultivars. The assessment of host response to Fusarium was performed in a field, and under controlled conditions in a greenhouse pot experiment. Most landraces and the two Egyptian
cultivars showed better resistance with good accordance between field and pot experiment. This experiment showed that Egyptian
genetic resources of white lupin possess partial resistance to Fusarium root rot. Egyptian germplasm may be an alternative genetic source for incorporating partial resistance to Fusarium root rot into the breeding pools.
This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献
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Variation of high molecular weight gluteninsubunits (HMW-GS) at the Glu-1 lociwas studied using SDS-PAGE method in 43advanced lines or cultivars commonly grownin Iran. Fourteen alleles and 21 alleliccompositions were detected. Among the 43bread wheats analysed only five showed aunique HMW-GS composition. The mostfrequent HMW-GS patterns were 2*, 7+8,2+12 and 2*, 17+18, 2+12 which wereobserved in 13 and six cultivars,respectively. In the remainings, each twoto three lines or cultivars showed a commonHMW-GS pattern. Therefore, allelicvariation at Glu-1 loci is of limitedvalue for cultivar identification comparedwith loci controlling gliadins. Sevencultivars were observed to consist of twoto three biotypes with different alleles.In cultivar Mahdavi a biotype showedinactivity at the Glu-B1 locus. Analready reported rare subunit pair'2***+12' at Glu-D1locus was found in cultivar Kavir. Theresults of scoring cultivars for theirquality based on the HMW-GS compositionswith an average score of eight, wasgenerally good. Cultivars Inia, Tajan, andadvanced lines N-75-11 and N-75-15 showedquality score equal to 10, whereas Alamootand C-75-5 showed quality scores equal tofive. The quality of former and latterlines and cultivars were considered highestand lowest, respectively. The resultsobtained in this study are useful inbreeding programs to improve bread makingquality, developing uniformity andimproving heterogeneous cultivars by meansof selection of the best genotypes. 相似文献
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转Cry1Ac+Cry2Ab基因棉与转Cry1Ac+EPSPS基因棉在黄萎病菌压力环境下检测技术和生存竞争能力研究 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
此研究为“十二五”转基因生物新品种培育项目中创建新的转基因棉花品种环境安全评价技术的建立而设。以转双价抗虫基因（Cry1Ac+Cry2Ab）棉、转双价抗虫抗除草剂基因（Cry1Ac+EPSPS）棉为观察材料,杂交抗虫棉赣棉杂1号和非转基因棉赣棉11号为对照材料,于黄萎病圃采用不同于抗病鉴定的方法,检测两种转双价基因抗虫棉在黄萎病菌压力下的发病情况、生长竞争能力和产量竞争能力。两个转双价基因棉抗黄萎病性不显著的强于两个对照;抗虫抗除草剂棉株高、覆盖度增长竞争能力相对较强,双Bt抗虫棉竞争力相对较弱;抗虫抗除草剂棉的单株成铃和果枝层数较高,增长竞争能力也较强,双Bt抗虫棉较弱;两个转双价基因棉最后的脱落率与两个对照差异不显著;抗虫抗除草剂棉籽棉、皮棉产量介于两个对照之间,而双Bt抗虫棉的产量低于两个对照。显示双Bt抗虫棉推广种植可行性相对较差,抗虫抗除草剂棉推广种植可行性一般。 相似文献
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In vitro selection of wheat callus tolerant to high levels of salt and plant regeneration 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
Summary Embryogenic calli isolated from immature embryos of four wheat cultivars were subjected to three in vitro selection methods for salt tolerance. The effect of NaCl on the selected and unselected cell lines has been investigated. The results indicated that the relative growth rate of callus decreased as the concentration of NaCl increased in both callus lines. The selected callus line gave a higher growth weight in the presence of NaCl in the medium and was highly significant as compared with unselected callus line across medium protocols in all wheat cultivars. The dry weight of both kinds of callus lines of all wheat cultivars increased markedly with increasing NaCl concentration in most cases. The Na+ and Cl- contents of both callus lines were increased with increasing salinity levels while K+ content was decreased. The selected callus line of each cultivar at the same salinity level produced significant amounts of Na+, K+ and Cl- higher than the unselected callus line in most salinity levels. However, the unselected callus lines of the cultivars Giza-157 and Sakha-90 at the same salinity level produced significant amounts of K+ higher than the selected callus line in most salinity levels. The proline content of both kinds of callus lines for all wheat cultivars was increased with increasing salinity level. However, the selected callus line gave a significantly higher proline content than the unselected callus line in all wheat cultivars at the same Salinity level. Results from the in vitro selection for NaCl tolerance showed that the stepwise method of increasing NaCl in the medium was more effective for plant regeneration than other methods. 相似文献
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Assessment of Gossypium sturtianum and G. australe as potential sources of Fusarium wilt resistance to cotton 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
When challenged with Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. vasinfectum (Fov) from vegetative compatibility groups (VCGs) 01111 and 01112 in glasshouse tests, Gossypium australe Mueller and Gossypium sturtianum Willis accessions showed a variety of disease responses ranging from highly resistant to highly susceptible. Under high disease
pressure G. sturtianum accession Gos-5275 was significantly more resistant than the commercial G. hirsutum cultivars that are designated standards for Fusarium resistance by Australian cotton breeders. Under low disease pressure
G. sturtianum accession Gos-5250 was more susceptible than a highly susceptible commercial cultivar. A series of glasshouse tests was performed
at two locations (Indooroopilly, QLD. and Canberra, ACT), and under low and high disease pressure. In these tests, a hexaploid
cross (Gos-5271) generated from a Fusarium-resistant G. sturtianum (Gos-5275) and a Fusarium-susceptible G. hirsutum L. (CPI-138969) was significantly more resistant to Fusarium wilt than its G. hirsutum parent. Thus G. sturtianum, with a diploid genome and a range of responses to Fov challenge, has the potential to provide the basis for the elucidation of the genetic basis of resistance to Fusarium wilt
in cotton species. In addition, resistant accessions of G. sturtianum are identified as a potential source of Fusarium wilt resistance genes for cotton breeding. In the glasshouse tests used
to assess the resistance of various Gossypium accessions to Fusarium wilt disease, the scoring of vascular browning was found to give a more reliable indication of disease
severity than the scoring of foliar symptoms.
This revised version was published online in August 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献
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Two transgenic Bt rice lines, KMD1 and KMD2, both containing a synthetic cry1Ab gene from Bt, were crossed with conventional rice varieties. The inheritance of resistance to SSB of KMD1 and KMD2was investigated
through LSB and field examination of their progenies, e.g. F1, BC1 and F2 populations. In LSBs, 100.0% of newly hatched SSB larvae died on the second day after feeding on leaf tissues of F1 and GUS positive BC1 plants, of which the area of leaf tissues consumed by SSB is also similar to that of transgenic parents. These results imply
that the resistance of Bt rice to SSB is dominantly controlled and could be easily exploited in hybrid rice production. Field
evaluation showed that segregation ratios for SSB resistance to susceptibility in BC1 populations fit the ratio of 1:1, which was also confirmed by LSBs. However, in F2 populations, the ratio was significantly smaller than 3:1 for resistant to susceptible plants in all 6 indica × japonica
(KMD1 and KMD2) crosses, though it fitted 3:1 in all 4 japonica × japonica crosses. The results implied that the resistance
of Bt rice to SSB was controlled by a dominant gene which was present in a homozygous condition in both KMD1 and KMD2, but
the inheritance could be affected by other factors. Assays for Cry1Ab protein showed that, in most crosses, the content of
Cry1Ab is significantly higher in leaves of GUS positive F1, BC1 and F2 plants than that in transgenic Bt parent plants, which accounts for the high resistance observed in these plants to SSB.
This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献
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The performance of insect-resistant transgenic poplar trees (Populusnigra) expressing a Cry1Ac gene from Bacillus thuringiensis subsp. Kurstaki HD-1 against poplar defoliators was evaluated in the field at the Manas Forest Station in Xinjiang Uygur
Autonomous Region during1994–1997. The results showed that the average percentage of highly damaged leaves on the transgenic
trees was 10% while that on the control trees in nearby plantations reached 80–90%. The average number of pupae per m2 of soil at 20cm depth in transgenic poplar plantation was 18 which was only 20% of that found in the non-transgenic control
field. The number of pupae and the leaf-damage on transgenic trees described above are all far below the threshold set for
chemical protection measures. The non-transformed poplar trees grown in the same plantation with the transgenic trees were
also protected indicating that cross protection occurred between these two kinds of trees. Insect-resistant transgenic poplar
trees have a potential application value in afforestation.
This revised version was published online in August 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献
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Inheritance and field performance of transgenic Korean Bt rice lines resistant to rice yellow stem borer 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Songjin Kim Choljun Kim Wonnam Li Tokyong Kim Yongsu Li Mohsin Abbas Zaidi Illimar Altosaar 《Euphytica》2008,164(3):829-839
Transgenic Korean rice plants containing the cry1Ab gene were developed for resistance against yellow stem borer (Scirpophaga incertulas, YSB). More than 100 independent transgenic lines from three Korean varieties (P-I, P-II and P-III) were generated. The amount
of Cry1Ab in transgenic T0 plants was as high as 2.88% of total soluble proteins. These levels were sufficient to cause 100% mortality of YSB larvae.
The majority of T1 transgenic lines originated from the varieties P-I and P-II followed a Mendelian fashion of segregation. Deviation from the
expected segregation ratio was observed in a small number of the transgenic lines of P-I and P-II origins. However, this deviation
was primarily observed in the P-III originated lines. Segregation analysis of the T1 generation indicated that 1–3 copies of the cry1Ab gene were integrated into the genome of the majority of the transgenic lines originating from varieties P-I and P-II. Stunted
and semi-fertile mutants were observed in some transgenic lines. These aberrations were either independent or closely linked
to the introduced cry1Ab gene loci in different transgenic lines. Reduction in GUS expression levels and loss of toxicity against YSB larvae were
found in some transgenic lines. The transgenic T3 and T4 lines causing 100% mortality of third instar YSB larvae in the lab were completely protected in the field. Analysis of important
yield components on nine selected transgenic lines indicated that stem length, panicle length, grain number per panicle, and
seed setting rates were reduced in transgenic plants compared to those in non-transgenic parental rice lines. Number of panicles
per cluster, however, was significantly higher in transgenic plants. The numerical value of the average yield was in general
greater in the controls than in all the transgenic lines, indicating some ‘yield drag’. Since some selected lines were highly
resistant to the YSB with good yielding potential, they offer effective potential for use in insect resistance management
programs. 相似文献
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Summary Registration and commercial release of crop cultivars improved using recombinant DNA technologies will require extensive field testing of the transgenic lines. In addition to testing the efficacy of the transferred gene(s), regulatory bodies and farmers need data from large scale agronomic studies to provide assurance that the foreign DNA does not adversely affect normal agronomic productivity or quality of the crop. Here, five transgenic sulfonylurea resistant flax (Linum usitatissimum) lines were included in a multiple location cultivar registration trial, evaluated and compared with four standard commercial cultivars and 24 other (conventionally produced) breeding lines. The transgenic lines did not appear to be affected by T-DNA for any quality or agronomic parameter tested, including yield. 相似文献