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性信息素加病毒诱芯技术可行性林间试验 总被引：6，自引：1，他引：6
性信息素加病毒诱芯技术是利用昆虫性信息素和昆虫病毒控制害虫种群水平的一种新的自传播技术。风洞试验已证实该技术的可行性。林间试验结果表明，在每５株泡桐树上悬挂１个诱芯的条件下，在３００ｍ×３００ｍ的处理区中央设置的诱捕器在试验期间每日都诱捕到了接触过诱芯而污染上病毒的大袋蛾雄蛾。在处理区中央人工悬挂的２９．２％的处女雌虫因与带有病毒的雄蛾交尾而被污染上病毒。被病毒污染的雌虫产的卵中孵化出的幼虫中，其ＣＶＮＰＶ病虫的死亡率达７３．２％。因此，该试验证实了性信息素加病毒诱芯技术在林间条件下的可行性。 相似文献
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昆虫性信息素研究现状 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
该文对昆虫性信息素的产生与释放的部位、释放位置、释放方式,产生与释放的影响因素,性信息素感受机制,目前昆虫性信息素常用的分析技术和性信息素应用领域进行了阐述,旨在为昆虫性信息素研究提供参考。 相似文献
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我国昆虫性信息素的研究进展 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
我国昆虫性信息素的研究进展庞正轰（广西森防站）１一般进展早在１８３２年人们就发现了昆虫雌雄之间存在性引诱现象。一个多世纪以来，尤其是本世纪六十年代以来，昆虫学家对昆虫性信息素的基础理论及应用技术作了大量的研究，并在害虫防治实践中得到了应用。昆虫性信息... 相似文献
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[目的]本文陈述国内外迷向技术的应用进展及影响迷向技术开展的生态因素,进而探讨不同缓释载体的剂型,旨在为利用昆虫性信息素迷向干扰害虫提供技术借鉴和参考。[方法]通过文献检索及个人研究方向,重点介绍国内外迷向干扰技术的应用情况及环境影响因素,探索常见缓释载体的类型(毛细管迷向丝、微胶囊、Puffer、SPLAT、蜡滴、空气纤维、静电纺丝/纳米纤维),指出不同缓释装置的优缺点。[结果]昆虫性信息素迷向干扰技术作为一种高效专一、环境友好的新型绿色防控害虫技术,已经成为害虫综合防控体系IPM(Integrated Pest Management)的重要组成部分,在全球范围内广泛应用于鳞翅目害虫的防治,鞘翅目、同翅目、半翅目、膜翅目等也有少量报道,尤以舞毒蛾、苹果蠹蛾、葡萄花翅小卷蛾的应用最为成功;明确了昆虫性信息素缓释载体及释放速率控制是有效实施性信息素迷向干扰技术的前提,揭示昆虫性信息素迷向干扰技术的应用机理,得出限制昆虫性信息素迷向干扰技术的经济及政策因素,旨在为我国更好的开展性信息素迷向干扰技术防控害虫提供参考。[结论]昆虫性信息素迷向干扰防控害虫的应用前景广泛,在农林业害虫的绿色防控中至关重要。 相似文献
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象甲科昆虫性信息素与聚集信息素研究及应用进展 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
象甲科 Curculionidae是 动 物 界 中 种 类 最 多 的 一 个 科, 其 中 红 棕 象 甲 Rhynchophorus
ferrugineus、油茶象甲 Curculio chinensis 和棉铃象甲 Anthonomus grandis Boheman 等昆虫是我国经济作物
上的重大害虫,因此研究和应用象甲科昆虫信息素进行害虫防治具有重要意义。目前研究应用较多的昆
虫信息素为性信息素和聚集信息素,因此文章针对国内外象甲科昆虫性信息素和聚集信息素成份鉴定、
信息素合成及应用等进行汇总,综述了国内外学者对 30 种象甲科昆虫信息素的相关研究和应用进展,其
中 4 种昆虫性信息素和 23 种昆虫聚集信息素成份已鉴定确认。 相似文献
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昆虫信息素的化学特性 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
昆虫信息素是由昆虫分泌而释放到体外,并能引起其它个体产生行为反应的物质。也就是说,昆虫信息素是昆虫间传递信息的化学物质,它包括性信息素、聚集信息素、追踪信息素、报警信息素以及离散信息素等。其中性信息素是目前活性最强的一种。用信息素引诱害虫可达到歼灭害虫的目的,在森林资源保护方面有重要的应用价值。近半个世纪以来,大多数昆虫专家已将注意力集中在信息素的研究方面。到目前为 相似文献
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<正> 信息素(Pheromone)是1959年提出来的,信息素的研究属于新发展起来的边缘学科——化学生态学的范畴、至今20多年来,这个领域的研究进展很快,特别是昆虫信息素中——昆虫性信息素的研究,取得了很大进展。昆虫性信息素(Insest ses Pheromone)是传导昆虫雌虫或雄虫等待交配的信息的信息素。性信息素在昆虫中几乎普遍存在,一般多是脂肪醇及其它的酯、醛、酮、烃类,许多是复合成分,由两种或多种化合物混合在一起。我国已人工合成并进行试验的有红铃虫、梨小食心虫、桃小食心虫、舞毒蛾、马尾松毛虫、白杨透翅蛾等二十多种昆虫的性信息素。性信息素在害虫 相似文献
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王淑芬 《中南林业科技大学学报(自然科学版)》1999,(2)
分月扇舟蛾ＣｌｏｓｔｅｒａａｎａｓｔｏｍｏｓｉｓＬｉｎｎ．是危害杨树的重要害虫之一．为了做好防治该虫的基础工作，首先对雌蛾求偶特性及雄蛾风洞行为进行了观察，然后采用毛细管气相色谱及ＧＣ－ＭＳ分析对雌蛾性信息素进行了研究．结果表明：在光周期Ｌ∶Ｄ＝１４∶１０的条件下，黑暗８ｈ的性信息素抽提物已具有引诱活性，雌蛾求偶在黑暗９ｈ达高峰，求偶率高达９０％；雄蛾风洞行为反应以２日龄的反应较强；比较黑暗６～９ｈ雌蛾性信息素腺体的正已烷抽提液的气相色谱图，从色谱峰的消长并综合考虑风洞试验及求偶规律，确定了活性峰；微量化学反应及ＧＣ－ＭＳ分析结果表明，分月扇舟蛾性信息素活性组分为含有两个双键的Ｃ１４醛． 相似文献
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金钱松小卷蛾性信息素的研究 总被引：8，自引：0，他引：8
本文对金钱松小卷蛾（ＣｅｌｙｐｈａｐｓｅｕｄｏｌａｘｉｃｏｌａＬｉｕ）雌性信息素进行了研究。室内观察的结果表明，在光周期为１４：１０的条件下，雌蛾求偶在黑暗４ｈ时达到高峰，求偶百分率达到８５％。对雌蛾性信息素腺体的正己洗抽提液用高效毛细管色谱仪进行分析，获得了五个信息素组分。利用乙酰化反应，色谱分析，标样对照以及色－质联用证实，鉴定出这五个化合物分别是１２：ＯＨ、Ｚ１０－１２：ＯＨ、１２：Ａｃ、Ｚ９－１２：Ａｃ和Ｚ１０－１２：Ａｃ。它们的比例是：６．８：５．４：２４．５６：１：２２．２９。在风洞中用雌蛾性信息素腺体抽提物、合成性信息素组分作为诱芯，均能引诱雄蛾产生从起飞、定向、到降落在信息素源这一系列性行为反应。林间生物试验亦证实了这一结果。 相似文献
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通过观察和研究表明,灰斑古毒蛾的处女雌蛾对林间雄蛾有较强的引诱作用,而雄蛾对林间的雌蛾没有引诱作用。林间的雄蛾对处女雌蛾的昼夜反应节律发生在全天,每天有两个反应高峰,强峰为8:00—9:00,弱峰为22:00—23:00。其他时段虽有趋性反应,但反应强度比较弱,认为雄蛾对处女雌蛾的昼夜节律为"双峰式-全天型"。顺6-二十一碳烯-11-酮对灰斑古毒蛾具有一定的引诱作用,可能是其性信息素组分之一,而且,在所有的供试剂量中,1 000μg的顺6-二十一碳烯-11-酮诱捕效果最好,为该虫的最佳剂量。利用信息素诱捕器对灰斑古毒蛾成虫发生期监测表明,第2代成虫扬飞的开始时间为9月13日,扬飞高峰期为9月17日,扬飞末期为10月22日,成虫扬飞的持续期为40天。 相似文献
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Giovanni Benelli Adriano Carpita Sandro Simoncini Alfio Raspi Angelo Canale 《Journal of pest science》2014,87(3):449-457
The braconid parasitoid Psyttalia concolor foraging for larvae of Bactrocera oleae (Diptera: Tephritidae) uses olfactory cues from the larval microhabitat. However, it could rely on the sex pheromones of adults of its host, since B. oleae mating leks usually occur on olive plants and a high number of infested fruits can be easily located in their close proximity. We quantified the behavioural responses of P. concolor towards different doses of the two major sex pheromone components of B. oleae, the female-borne 1,7-dioxaspiro[5.5]undecane (DSU) and the male-borne (Z)-9-tricosene (ZT). Results showed that P. concolor females and males were attracted only to the highest amounts of ZT (10 B. oleae male equivalents), regardless of the mating status. Wasps remained longer on the surfaces treated with high ZT amounts over the control. P. concolor females could exploit the ZT produced by lekking olive fruit fly males as a foraging kairomone. This could allow them to rapidly track B. oleae-infested olive plants, thus raising their chances to locate host larvae during their lifespan. On the other hand, the perception of ZT by P. concolor males could raise their chances to locate receptive females emerging from parasitised B. oleae pupae or also ovipositing in olive fruits. This study increases the knowledge of the reproductive biology of P. concolor, highlighting a case of chemical espionage in which a sex pheromone component from adult stages of the host is exploited both as a foraging kairomone by female parasitoids and as a sexual kairomone by male wasps. 相似文献
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Prof. Dr. D. Otto 《Journal of pest science》1997,70(2):30-33
The female sex pheromone ofL. decemlineata is an aphrodisiacum, switching on mating behaviour in contacting males. A biotest is described to estimate quantitatively the exciting power of a subject (female, isolated elytrae, glass dummy coated with extract) to males. The pheromone is present only in fertile females, also in freshly killed ones. It can be extracted by organic solvents. A dummy imitating a beetle's abdomen and contaminated with the residue of a female s wash solution is exciting to males too. Suitable solvents are ethylalcohol, acetonet, hexane. By this, the pheromone of 0,1 female is detectable. The residue can be taken up again with the same or an other solvent. The solution can be stored at ?18°C without significant losses, but at temperatures>+5°C their efficacy diminishes during 2 weeks. The exciting efficacy of the dry residue desreases to about 50% during nearly 4 weeks (at+22°C) or 9 weeks (at+5°C). The pheromone resists heating to about+160°C and is destroyed at higher temperatures. 相似文献
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Takashi Kuriwada Norikuni Kumano Keiko Shiromoto Dai Haraguchi 《Journal of pest science》2011,84(1):93-97
In sterile insect technique (SIT) programs, the released sterile males are important for their effectiveness. The use of sex
pheromones to collect males is economical; however, pre-exposure to sex pheromones may affect male mating behavior, and would
thus reduce the effectiveness of the SIT programs. Males exposed to sex pheromone may become attractive to other males due
to pheromone adsorption on their body impregnation, prevent mating and reduce the dispersal of sterile males. We examined
the effect of pre-exposure to sex pheromone on the mating behavior of male sweetpotato weevil Cylas formicarius. Pre-exposure to high-dose sex pheromone for 24 h did not affect the male mating behavior of C. formicarius, and the exposed males did not attract other males. These results suggest that male C. formicarius that were collected from a mass-rearing facility using sex pheromone can be effectively used in SIT programs. 相似文献
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Rakefet Sharon Tirtza Zahavi Victoria Soroker Ally R. Harari 《Journal of pest science》2009,82(2):187-193
The European vine moth Lobesia botrana Denis & Schiff. (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) is a key pest in the vineyards of Israel and Europe. Traps baited with the female
sex pheromone are commonly used to monitor the pest population. However, the role of the vine cultivars on monitoring the
moth population using pheromone-baited traps was not yet studied. The present study aimed to identify the effect of grape
cultivars on L. botrana adult distribution patterns in the field, in order to achieve a better understanding of the monitored data in respect to
male and female’s host preference. The 3-year study in commercial vineyards used four cultivars: Carignan, Emerald Riesling,
French Colombard, and Cabernet Sauvignon. The moth population of each generation was estimated from male counts in pheromone
traps; three generations were observed in all experimental orchards, each year. Female host choice was studied by monitoring
freshly deposited eggs and newly hatched larvae on vines. The study showed a significant effect of cultivar on numbers of
trapped males in most years, and a cultivar effect on female host choice. For both males and females and for all phenological
stages of the grapes, Carignan and French Colombard attracted the most and Cabernet Sauvignon the fewest specimens. The results
show that cultivar blend within the vineyard can affect the distribution pattern of the pest. Knowledge of the expected choice
of the female moth, and of the timing of its decision could lead to an improved monitoring system, with the preferred cultivar
as an indicator. 相似文献
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天牛信息素的研究进展 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
天牛是对林木健康生长最具破坏力的重要蛀干害虫之一,对天牛信息素的研究是探索基于化学生态学和行为特性的防治技术的重要方面。雌雄二性天牛受寄主植物挥发物,特别是幼虫危害诱导的寄主挥发物的吸引,聚集在取食地点附近。雌雄二性天牛都可释放性信息素吸引异性。雄性在触角接触雌性天牛后,对雌性产生的接触信息素产生反应,识别雌性后才试图和雌性进行交配,雌性天牛表皮蜡质层的烃类或雌雄二性表皮中相对含量比较多的物质成为特有的信号物质。雄性天牛产生聚集信息素吸引雌雄二性。随着对天牛信息素的深入研究,使用信息素复合技术将有利于提高天牛林间诱捕量,对监测天牛种群动态和无公害防治天牛具有极其重要的意义。 相似文献