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1.
Plasma clearance of creatinine was evaluated for assessment of glomerular filtration rate (GFR) in dogs. In 6 healthy dogs (Experiment 1), we determined 24-hour urine clearance of endogenous creatinine, plasma, and urine clearances of exogenous creatinine administered at 40, 80, and 160 mg/kg in a crossover design (linearity study), plasma iothalamate clearance, and plasma and urine clearances of 14C-inulin. In Experiment 2, plasma creatinine and iothalamate clearances were compared, and a linearity study was performed as for Experiment 1 in 6 dogs with surgically induced renal impairment. Experiment 3 compared plasma creatinine clearance with plasma iothalamate clearance before and 3 weeks after induction of moderate renal impairment in 6 dogs. Plasma creatinine clearances were calculated by both noncompartmental and compartmental analyses. In Experiment 1, plasma inulin clearance was higher (P < .001) than other clearance values. Plasma creatinine clearances at the 3 dose rates did not differ from urine inulin clearance and each other. In Experiment 2, plasma creatinine clearances were about 14% lower than plasma iothalamate clearance (P < .05). In Experiment 3, decreases in GFR assessed by plasma clearances of iothalamate and creatinine were similar. Renal failure decreased the daily endogenous input rate of creatinine by 25%. Limiting sampling strategies for optimizing GFR calculation were proposed, allowing an error lower than 6.5% with 4 blood samples. These results suggest that determination of plasma creatinine clearance by a noncompartmental approach offers a reliable, inexpensive, rapid, and convenient means of estimating GFR in routine practice.  相似文献   

2.
The objective of this study was to determine if plasma iohexol clearance, computed by a 1-compartment model defined by 3 plasma samples. was an accurate measure of glomerular filtration rate (GFR) in dogs. Twenty-two adult Beagle dogs of both genders were studied. Ten dogs had intact kidneys, and 12 dogs had surgically reduced renal mass. A bolus injection of iohexol was made, and blood was obtained for plasma iohexol assay after 120, 180, and 240 minutes. Plasma was analyzed for iohexol concentration by means of 3 assay methods: chemical, high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), and inductively coupled plasma emission spectroscopy (ICP). Urinary clearance of exogenous creatinine was used to measure GFR for three 30-minute periods occurring between 150 and 240 minutes after iohexol injection. Plasma clearance of iohexol and renal clearance of creatinine were compared by linear regression analysis and by limits of agreement techniques. Plasma iohexol clearance and urinary exogenous creatinine clearance were significantly correlated (chemical R2 = .90; HPLC R2 = .96; and ICP R2 = .96). The 1-compartment iohexol clearance:exogenous creatinine clearance ratios were 1.04 +/- 0.17, 1.05 +/- 0.14, and 1.10 +/- 0.15 for the chemical, HPLC, and ICP methods of assay, respectively, indicating that plasma iohexol clearance slightly overestimated GFR. Assuming a +/- 2 standard deviation interval for error, corrected plasma iohexol clearance measured GFR with +/-34% accuracy for the chemical, +/-26% accuracy for the HPLC, and +/-27% accuracy for the ICP method. These results indicate that plasma iohexol clearance should have utility for detection of renal dysfunction earlier in the course of progressive renal disease than is possible with measurement of plasma creatinine or urea concentrations.  相似文献   

3.
OBJECTIVE: To compare glomerular filtration rate (GFR) measured via urinary clearance of inulin (UCI) with plasma clearance of technetium Tc 99m pentetate (99mTc-pentetate) and creatinine in dogs. ANIMALS: 6 healthy Beagles and 18 Beagles with reduced renal function. PROCEDURE: 13 blood samples were obtained between 5 and 600 minutes after i.v. bolus injections of (99m)Tc-pentetate and creatinine. Plasma clearance of (99m)Tc-pentetate was computed on the basis of 1, 2, or 13 samples, and plasma clearance of creatinine was computed on the basis of 2, 5, or 13 samples. During plasma clearance procedures, constant i.v. infusion of carboxyl carbon 14 inulin was begun and UCI was determined in urine collected from 90 to 120, 120 to 180, and 180 to 240 minutes. Clearance procedures were repeated in 12 dogs to evaluate reproducibility of results. RESULTS: Significant association between UCI and plasma clearance was determined via all methods. However, plasma clearances were moderately to markedly different from UCI, depending on test substance, GFR, and sample numbers used for plasma clearance computations. Comparisons were particularly discordant when some methods of limiting samples were used to define plasma clearance. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Values derived from plasma clearance methods for (99m)Tc-pentetate and creatinine were not interchangeable with UCI results, which raises questions about their reliability as clinical research tools for measurement of GFR. Plasma clearance methods that are relative indices of renal function should not be interpreted as accurate measures of GFR without validation.  相似文献   

4.
Methods of renal clearance to measure glomerular filtration rate (GFR) were compared with plasma creatinine concentration in clinically normal and partially nephrectomized dogs. Glomerular filtration rate was measured by use of a simple 24-hour creatinine clearance method in 36 normal female Beagles. Mean values were 57.6 +/- 9.3 ml/minute/m2 of body surface or 3.7 +/- 0.77 ml/minute/kg of body weight. Variability of this measurement was considerable, as determined in 4 dogs studied on 4 consecutive days. Glomerular filtration rate was measured in the same 36 dogs while they were under anesthesia, using short clearance periods to compare inulin and endogenous creatinine clearance. Mean values for inulin were 41.8 +/- 13.9 ml/minute/m2 of body surface. A close agreement with creatinine clearance was found (correlation coefficient, 0.998). Mean plasma creatinine concentration was 0.82 (range, 0.5--1.0) mg/100 ml. The value of GFR measurement compared with plasma creatinine concentration was determined in 10 dogs after 75% nephrectomy. Sixty days after partial nephrectomy, GFR was reduced to 61% of normal. Mean plasma creatinine and blood urea nitrogen were 1.2 +/- 0.14 mg/100 ml and 20.4 +/- 7.1 mg/100 ml, respectively. Thus, the detection of reduced renal function may be uncertain when plasma creatinine or blood urea nitrogen are used as a means of evaluating renal function. It was concluded that a simple method of creatinine clearance is a sensitive and useful measurement to detect early or borderline reduction in glomerular function.  相似文献   

5.
Simultaneous measurement of the renal clearance of endogenous creatinine and exogenous inulin in eight sheep showed similar mean +/- SD (n = 32) values of 13.8 +/- 1.3 and 13.2 +/- 2.0 ml min-1 (10 kg)-1 bodyweight respectively. These results demonstrate that the renal clearance of endogenous creatinine is a satisfactory measure of glomerular filtration rate (GFR) in sheep. The plasma concentrations of endogenous creatinine and urea were significantly higher because of haemoconcentration during summer, resulting in lower GFR than in winter. Besides glomerular filtration and back diffusion, the renal handling of urea in sheep seems to involve mechanisms analogous to active tubular secretion.  相似文献   

6.
Measurement of renal function in horses poses a particular challenge because plasma creatinine is influenced by muscle mass which is highly developed and variable between individuals, while conventional clearance methods involve potentially daunting problems, particularly urine collection and bladder washout. This paper provides data which enable technetium-diethyleneaminopentacetic acid (Tc-DTPA) clearance to be used to calculate glomerular filtration rate (GFR)/extracellular fluid volume (ECFV) as an expression of GFR in horses, as previously validated in humans, dogs and calves. Apart from being arguably a more physiological expression of GFR than using derivatives of body weight, the use of GFR/ECFV eliminates a source of delay and error, namely measurement of the injected dose, and offers the convenience of requiring only three blood samples. It therefore has advantages for both research and clinical applications.  相似文献   

7.
A suitable method in the routine veterinary practice for the quantitative determination of the glomerular filtration rate (GFR) in dogs and cats has not been available until to date. Therefore, we modified the known plasma clearance model (=P-CL). The resulting P-CLterminal was assessed concerning its diagnostic value. P-CL of exogenous creatinine (P-CLcrea) and of inulin were determined in dogs (n=12, Beagle, 6 months of age) and cats (n=11, Domestic Short Hair, 14 months of age). The marker substances were administered as a bolus injection. In fasted dogs, P-CLcrea was 84.3 +/- 14.85 ml/min/m2 after a creatinine dose of 2.4 g/m2. An electrolyte infusion during the clearance determination did not alter the resulting values (p>0.05). In fasted cats, P-CLcrea was 54.7 +/- 5.8 ml/min/m2 (creatinine dose 2.0 g/m2). The inulin clearance, determined at the same time, was 104.5 +/- 19.81 ml/min/m2. Feeding the cats just before and during the test increased P-CL of both markers significantly (p<0.05). In order to adapt the clearance method for diagnostic assessment of GFR in the small animal practice, we aimed at minimizing the number of required blood samples (3 instead of 7 or more) and introduced the modified exogenous creatinine clearance (P-CLterminal). These values determined were 108.4 +/- 20.81 ml/min/m2 in fasted dogs and 66.3 +/- 11.81 ml/min/m2 in fasted cats. An electrolyte infusion (dogs) and feeding (cats) had the same effect on P-CLterminal values as described above for P-CL. In conclusion,the modified exogenous creatinine clearance is a suitable renal function test for the early diagnosis of renal disease in dogs and cats presented in small animal practices.  相似文献   

8.
The glomerular filtration rate (GFR) was determined with the single injection 51Cr-EDTA clearance in 48 dogs with renal disease and the results were compared with the plasma Creatinine (PC) and plasma urea (PU) levels. The superiority of PC values over PU values for the assessment of the GFR is represented by the power functions PC = 78.2 CR(-0.67) mmol per litre and PU = 10.3 Cr(-0.52) mmol per litre, in which Cr is the relative glomerular filtration rate. The higher correlation between PC and Cr (r = 0.834) than between PU and Cr (r = 0.693) also demonstrates this superiority. An extended two compartment analysis of the 51Cr-EDTA plasma disappearance curve is not essential for diagnostic purposes.  相似文献   

9.
Proteinuria and systemic hypertension are well recognised risk factors in chronic renal failure (CRF). They are consequences of renal disease but also lead to a further loss of functional kidney tissue. The objectives of this study were to investigate the associations between proteinuria, systemic hypertension and glomerular filtration rate (GFR) in dogs with naturally occurring renal and non-renal diseases, and to determine whether proteinuria and hypertension were associated with shorter survival times in dogs with CRF. Measurements of exogenous creatinine plasma clearance (ECPC), urine protein:creatinine ratio (UPC), and Doppler sonographic measurements of systolic blood pressure (SBP) were made in 60 dogs with various diseases. There was a weak but significant inverse correlation between UPC and ECPC, a significant inverse correlation between SBP and ECPC and a weak but significant positive correlation between UPC and SBP. Some of the dogs with CRF were proteinuric and almost all were hypertensive. Neoplasia was commonly associated with proteinuria in the dogs with a normal ECPC. CRF was the most common cause leading to hypertension. In the dogs with CRF, hypertension and marked proteinuria were associated with significantly shorter survival times.  相似文献   

10.
Free-flow and stop-flow procedures conducted on 2 female and 2 testosterone-treated castrated male ponies indicated that [14C]inulin and exogenous creatinine clearance values were the same. These results indicated that creatinine was neither reabsorbed nor secreted by the renal tubules and that exogenous creatinine clearance was an accurate method for determining glomerular filtration rate. As in other species which have been studied, endogenous creatinine clearance probably underestimated glomerular filtration rate because of the presence of noncreatinine chromogens in plasma.  相似文献   

11.
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate accuracy of measuring plasma clearance of inulin as an alternative renal function test for estimation of glomerular filtration rate (GFR) in cats. ANIMALS: 10 cats, first studied with intact kidneys and subsequently studied following partial nephrectomy. PROCEDURE: Clearance studies were performed in 10 clinically normal cats; those same cats then underwent partial nephrectomy, and clearance studies were performed again. Plasma concentration of inulin was determined after administration at 50 mg/kg of body weight to cats while renally intact and 45 mg/kg after the partial nephrectomy. Plasma clearance of inulin (PCin) was determined by dividing the dose by the area under the plasma inulin concentration versus time curve. Results for PCin were compared with values obtained simultaneously for urinary clearance of exogenously administered creatinine (Ccr), a widely accepted method for measurement of GFR in cats with intact kidneys and cats with reduced renal mass. RESULTS: Results of PCin were strongly correlated (r2 = 0.912, P < 0.001) with Ccr. Repeatability of determination of PCin was similar to that of Ccr. Sensitivity and specificity of PCin were superior and equivalent to that of Ccr, respectively. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Determination of PCin provides a reliable estimate of GFR in cats and is a promising alternative to determining Ccr in cats.  相似文献   

12.
Background: Hypothyroidism affects renal function in a manner opposite the effects of hyperthyroidism.
Objective: To evaluate the effects of experimentally induced hypothyroidism on glomerular filtration rate (GFR) and basal plasma creatinine concentration in dogs.
Animals: Sixteen anestrous, female dogs.
Methods: Hypothyroidism was induced by administration of 131I in 8 dogs, and 8 healthy euthyroid dogs acted as controls. Exogenous plasma creatinine clearance (an estimate of GFR) was measured in all dogs before (control period) and 43–50 weeks after induction of hypothyroidism (posttreatment period). Other pharmacokinetic parameters of creatinine were also determined.
Results: No significant difference was observed for basal plasma creatinine concentration and creatinine clearance between control and hypothyroid dogs in the control period. In the posttreatment period, mean ± SD creatinine clearance in the hypothyroid group (2.13 ± 0.48 mL/min/kg) was lower ( P < .001) than that of the control group (3.20 ± 0.42 mL/kg/min). Nevertheless, basal plasma creatinine concentrations were not significantly different between the hypothyroid and control groups (0.74 ± 0.18 versus 0.70 ± 0.08 mg/dL, respectively) because endogenous production of creatinine was decreased in hypothyroid dogs (22 ± 3 versus 32 ± 5 mg/kg/d, P =.001).
Conclusion and Clinical Importance: Hypothyroidism causes a substantial decrease in GFR without altering plasma creatinine concentrations, indicating that GFR evaluation is needed to identify renal dysfunction in such patients.  相似文献   

13.
Cystatin C is a cysteine protease inhibitor produced by all nucleated cells. It is freely filtered by the glomerulus and is unaffected by nonrenal factors such as inflammation and gender. Because of greater sensitivity and specificity, cystatin C has been proposed to replace creatinine as a marker of glomerular filtration rate (GFR) in humans. The aims of this study were to validate an automated assay in canine plasma and to evaluate the usefulness of cystatin C as a marker of GFR in dogs. Western blotting was used to demonstrate cross-reactivity of an anti-human cystatin C antibody. An immunoturbidimetric assay was used to detect cystatin C in 25 clinically healthy dogs and 25 dogs with renal failure. Mean cystatin C concentration in the healthy dogs and the dogs with renal failure was 1.08 +/- 0.16 mg/L and 4.37 +/- 1.79 mg/L respectively. Intra- and interassay variability was <5%. The assay was linear (r = .974) between 0.14 and 7.53 mg/L. Both cystatin C and creatinine concentrations were measured in banked, frozen serum from 20 remnant kidney model dogs and 10 volume-depleted dogs for which GFR measurements by exogenous creatinine clearance had been determined previously. In the remnant kidney model, cystatin C was better correlated with GFR than creatinine (r = .79 versus .54) but was less well correlated with GFR in volume-depleted dogs (r = .54 versus .95). GFR measurements were repeated in the remnant kidney model dogs 60 days after initial GFR measurements. At this time, cystatin C and creatinine concentrations correlated equally well with GFR (r = .891 versus .894, respectively). Cystatin C concentration is a reasonable alternative to creatinine for screening dogs with decreased GFR due to chronic renal failure.  相似文献   

14.
Established renal function tests for the quantitative determination of the glomerular filtration rate (GFR) in small animals by means of an exogenous clearance marker like creatinine are based on the intravenous or subcutaneous administration of the marker. In order to simplify performing the test, the suitability of the peroral administration of the marker substance was tested. Exogenous creatinine was administered to 17 Beagle dogs successively by the peroral (dose: 4 g/m2 BSA) and the subcutaneous route (dose: 2 g/m2 BSA). Both routes were tested sequentially in fasted and fed animals. In addition to the peroral administration of creatinine, the absorption marker D-Xylose (dose: 0.5 g/kg body weight) was given per os. Pharmacokinetic parameters were calculated based on serum concentration--time data of both markers. Maximum serum concentrations of the exogenous creatinine (C(max) = 1284 +/- 173 micromol/l) were observed 92 +/- 19 min post-dose (t(max)) in fasted dogs after peroral administration of creatinine. C(max) (956 +/- 209 micromol/l) and t(max) (67 +/- 13 min) were statistically significantly reduced in fed animals. The exogenous plasma clearance of creatinine was about 1/3 lower in fasted animals (94 +/- 15 ml/min/m2) than in fed ones (134 +/- 28 ml/min/m2). The apparent terminal disposition half-life of the exogenous creatinine showed mean values of about 170 min (fasted) and 200 min (fed). After peroral administration of D-Xylose, fasted animals showed higher C(max) (3.9 +/- 0.99 mmol/l) and t(max) values (60 +/- 18 min) than fed dogs (C(max) = 2.2 +/- 0.55 mmol/l, t(max) = 40 +/- 15 min). C(max) and t(max) did not differ between fed and fasted dogs after subcutaneous administration of creatinine. Creatinine clearance was again higher in fed (124 +/- 12.8 ml/min/m2) than in fasted dogs (104 +/- 9.0 ml/min/m2) after subcutaneous administration of the marker. The terminal disposition half-live was, however, similar with about 130-140 min. The route of administration (peroral vs. subcutaneous) did not influence the calculated clearance (no statistical significance when p < 0.01 is required). Creatinine in a dose of 4 g/m2 BSA can be administered by the peroral route of administration for assessing the GFR. For the quantitative determination of GFR standardized condition are required, i.e. animals have to be fasted for > or = 6 hours.  相似文献   

15.
The clearance of inulin and creatinine were almost identical in horses, indicating that creatinine clearance can be used for estimation of the glomerular filtration rate in horses. Trimethoprim (TMP) is excreted in urine by glomerular filtration, active tubular secretion and back-diffusion. The clearance of TMP is highly influenced by urine pH, but also by the plasma concentration of the drug and by the degree of diuresis. The results indicate self-depression of the active tubular secretion of TMP at plasma concentrations above 1–2 μg/ml. The renal excretion of sulphadoxine in horses involves glomerular filtration and a pronounced back-diffusion. The clearance of sulphadoxine is dependent on urine pH and increases with increasing pH. The clearance of N4-acetyl sulphadoxine was higher than the clearance of the parent compound. The renal excretion of N4-acetyl sulphadoxine was shown to involve glomerular filtration, active tubular secretion and back-diffusion.  相似文献   

16.
Objective-To determine the effects of carprofen and etodolac on renal function in euvolemic dogs and dogs with extracellular fluid volume depletion induced via administration of furosemide. Animals-12 female Beagles. Procedures-Dogs received a placebo, furosemide, carprofen, etodolac, furosemide and carprofen, and furosemide and etodolac. The order in which dogs received treatments was determined via a randomization procedure. Values of urine specific gravity, various plasma biochemical variables, glomerular filtration rate (GFR [urinary clearance of creatinine]), and renal plasma flow (urinary clearance of para-aminohippuric acid) were determined before and after 8 days of drug administration. A washout time of approximately 12 days was allowed between treatment periods. Results-Administration of furosemide, furosemide and carprofen, and furosemide and etodolac caused changes in urine specific gravity and values of plasma biochemical variables. Administration of carprofen or etodolac alone did not have a significant effect on renal plasma flow or GFR. Concurrent administration of furosemide and carprofen or furosemide and etodolac caused a significant decrease in GFR. After 12-day washout periods, mean values of GFR were similar to values before drug administration for all treatments. Conclusions and Clinical Relevance-Results indicated GFR decreased after 8 days of concurrent administration of furosemide and carprofen or furosemide and etodolac to dogs. Administration of preferential cyclooxygenase-2 inhibitors to dogs with extracellular fluid volume depletion or to dogs treated with diuretics may transiently impair renal function.  相似文献   

17.
BACKGROUND: Glomerular filtration rate (GFR) measurement is an indicator of kidney function. However, its usefulness in dogs at early stages of spontaneous chronic kidney disease (CKD) of glomerular origin, where routine laboratory techniques are not sufficiently sensitive, remains unproved. HYPOTHESIS: That GFR is reduced in proteinuric nonazotemic or mildly azotemic dogs with CKD secondary to leishmaniasis. ANIMALS: Twenty-six dogs with CKD secondary to leishmaniasis and 10 healthy dogs (control group). METHODS: CBC, serum biochemistry, and urinalysis (microalbuminuria and urine protein/creatinine ratio [UPC]) were performed in all dogs. GFR was calculated by measuring exogenous creatinine clearance. Based on degree of proteinuria and serum creatinine concentration (SCr), dogs were classified as group A (control; n = 10): UPC < 0.2, SCr < 1.4 mg/dL; group B (n = 8): UPC, 0.2-0.5, SCr < 1.4 mg/dL; group C (n = 10): UPC > 0.5, SCr < 1.4 mg/dL; group D (n = 5): SCr, 1.4-2 mg/dL; group E (n = 3): SCr > 2 mg/dL. Results: GFR (mL/kg/min) was 3.9 +/- 0.29, 4.4 +/- 0.74, 4.5 +/- 1.44, 2.8 +/- 0.97, and 1.5 +/- 0.43 for groups A, B, C, D, and E, respectively. Eleven dogs (1 from group B, 3 from group C, 4 from group D, and all 3 dogs from group E) had an abnormally low GFR. Four dogs from group B and 5 dogs from group C had a GFR above the upper reference range (>4.5 mL/min/kg). CONCLUSION AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Some proteinuric nonazotemic or mildly azotemic dogs with leishmaniasis have low GFR, but glomerular hyperfiltration occurs in other dogs.  相似文献   

18.
The goals of this study were to determine if the glomerular filtration rate (GFR) in dogs could be estimated by plasma inulin clearance and/or infusion inulin clearance analyses without urine collection, and to compare these results with GFR values obtained by urinary inulin clearance analysis. The dogs included in this study were healthy 20 beagles. Inulin clearance values were obtained by urinary inulin clearance, infusion inulin clearance, and plasma inulin clearance techniques. Urinary inulin clearance was 4.09±0.52 ml min(-1) kg(-1) (body weight); infusion inulin clearance, 4.01±0.49 ml min(-1) kg(-1); and plasma inulin clearance, 4.14±0.66 ml min(-1) kg(-1). The urinary inulin clearance was strongly correlated with infusion inulin clearance and weakly correlated with plasma inulin clearance. The GFR for dogs can be estimated by infusion and plasma inulin clearance analyses by blood sampling alone, without urine collection.  相似文献   

19.
Renal mass was surgically reduced in 78 dogs by uninephrectomy or by combined renal infarction and uninephrectomy. Renal clearance of inulin and renal clearance of exogenous creatinine were determined simultaneously, and the creatinine to inulin clearance (C/I) ratio was calculated. Clearance procedures were performed 2 to 3 months after reduction of renal mass, and were repeated at intervals thereafter. Overall, the C/I ratio was 1.008 +/- 0.007 for 192 determinations, with a highly significant correlation (R2 = 0.994, P less than 0.0001) between creatinine clearance and inulin clearance. There was no significant effect of gender of dogs, time after partial renal ablation, or dietary protein intake on C/I ratios. Degree of renal ablation did not affect C/I ratios. The results indicated that exogenous creatinine clearance is a valid measure of glomerular filtration rate in both male and female dogs with reduced renal mass.  相似文献   

20.
BACKGROUND: Important characteristics determining the usefulness of a method for glomerular filtration rate (GFR) measurement are convenience, availability, and reproducibility. HYPOTHESIS: The use of different plasma clearance methods could lead to different results and differences in reproducibility. ANIMALS: Twelve healthy cats: 6 young adult cats (age 7-12 months), and 6 aged cats (age 9-12 years) were included in this study. METHODS: A cross-over design was used to compare the plasma clearance of exogenous creatinine (PECCT), exo-iohexol (PexICT), endo-iohexol (PenICT), and chromium-51 ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (51Cr-EDTA), and to investigate reproducibility of these methods. Cats of different ages were included to determine if differences in GFR in young adult versus aged cats would be detected with these methods. The PECCT, PexICT, and PenICT were performed in a combined manner. Plasma data were subjected to noncompartmental (creatinine, exo-iohexol, and endo-iohexol) or bicompartmental (51Cr-EDTA) analysis with a statistical moment approach. Area under the concentration-time curve was calculated using the trapezoidal rule with extrapolation to infinity. Statistical analyses were carried out using a random effects model. RESULTS: Globally, the 4 methods differed significantly (P < .0001) in GFR assessment. Clearance of exo-iohexol and chromium-51 ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (51Cr -EDTA) showed the highest and lowest reproducibility, respectively. Only plasma clearance of creatinine differed significantly between young adult and aged cats. CONCLUSION AND CLINICAL IMPORTANCE: We found considerable differences in reproducibility of different GFR measurements. These findings should be taken into account not only in practice but also in future studies involving GFR measurement.  相似文献   

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