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辽宁省谷子育种成就及今后育种目标 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
辽宁省西部地区为谷子主产区,朱碌科的小米在国际上享有盛誉。辽宁省从58年开始谷子新品种选育工作。已选育出20多个谷子新品种在生产上推广应用,特别是朝谷9号、朝谷11、朝谷12号、朝谷13号、铁谷5、铁谷7等谷子新品种已成为辽宁省谷子产区的主栽品种。今后辽宁省谷子育种工作重点是:坚强基础研究,利用多种育种方法选育出高产、稳产、抗逆性强,光能利用率高的谷子新品种。 相似文献
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辽宁省辽西地区谷子播种面积约占全省谷子播种面积的80％左右。该区丘陵山地较多,土质瘠薄,气候干旱。由于该区独特的自然条件适合谷子抗旱耐瘠、喜光喜温的特性,谷子一直是该区主栽的粮食作物之一,在辽宁省旱地农业发展中发挥着重要作用。近年来,随着人们生活水平的提高,食疗保健意识增强,谷子因其营养丰富、医食同源、具有良好的保健作用而备受消费者关注,国内外市场对谷子产品需求的不断增长, 相似文献
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从谷子的营养价值出发，总结了谷子精量穴播高产栽培技术应用的主要成效．阐述了谷子的高产栽培技术要点，包括品种选择、整地播种、田间管理、病虫害防治等方面. 相似文献
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盐碱地不同种植模式对谷子花生生长发育及产量形成的影响 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
本试验以谷子、花生单作为对照,设置谷子花生2:2和4:4两种间作模式,研究黄河三角洲滨海盐碱地不同种植模式对谷子花生干物质积累、作物群体覆盖、产量及其构成因素的影响°结果表明:盐碱地花生谷子间作下,谷子干物质积累量在抽穗期、灌浆期和收获期均显著高于单作,且灌浆期和收获期2:2间作模式显著高于4:4间作模式;而间作下花生干物质量各生育期均低于单作°各生育期间作谷子单株叶面积和叶面积指数均高于单作,且两种间作模式差异不显著;而间作花生花针期、结荚期和饱果期单株叶面积和叶面积指数均低于单作,收获期则高于花生单作,且2:2间作高于4:4间作模式°两种间作模式下花生产量差异不显著,但其净面积产量均低于单作;而2:2间作模式谷子产量显著高于4:4间作模式,且两种间作模式下谷子净面积产量均显著高于谷子单作°谷子花生2:2间作模式土地当量比大于4:4间作模式,且均大于1.0°可见,间作谷子在干物质积累、作物群体覆盖、产量等方面均优于单作,而谷子花生2:2模式又优于4:4模式’因此,在黄河三角洲滨海盐碱地区,推广谷子花生2:2间作种植模式利于提高作物群体覆盖、土地生产力,从而促进作物高效共生、盐碱地改良利用和生态可持续发展。 相似文献
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从介绍宁夏西吉县光、热、水与土地资源条件出发,分析了谷子在西吉县种植的比较效益,阐述了扩大谷子生产对西吉县支柱产业发展的影响,并提出了扩大谷子生产过程中应注意的问题。 相似文献
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针对豫北地区的大豆生产现状，从气候、土壤、品种、生态因素及市场需求等方面提出了优质大豆的发展策略与途径。 相似文献
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Irrigation of Netted Gem potatoes was scheduled during three growing seasons by three methods: (a) when plants displayed first visual symptoms of moisture stress, (b) when indicated by a soil moisture budget involving estimated evapotranspiration, and (c) on the basis of tensiometer readings of soil moisture suction. When the tensiometer method of scheduling was used, the mean yields of tubers were 55.0 and 25.8 cwt/acre (6160 and 2890 kg/ha) higher than those obtained with the other two scheduling methods. Methods did not affect the specific gravity of potatoes. Method (a) scheduled irrigations least frequently. Scheduling by the budget method was not always adequate because it was based on the assumption that the crop extracted water from a constant 4 ft (1.2 m) profile from planting to full vegetative growth. In one year the budget method scheduled the first irrigation earlier than necessary and delayed the second irrigation during a critical period of crop growth. From full vegetative cover to harvest the irrigation schedules were alike for both the budget and tensiometer methods. 相似文献
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以长沙县高桥相同嫩度茶鲜叶原料采用卷曲形毛尖茶加工工艺制绿茶为对照,分别对沅陵县齐眉翠峰、凤娇碣滩茶、干发茶和军大坪茶4种绿茶的主要生化成分与感官品质进行初步分析。结果表明,沅陵4种绿茶的茶多酚总量28.76%~30.34%,游离氨基酸总量2.35%~3.22%,咖啡碱含量3.00%~3.63%,水浸出物含量37.26%~40.07%,可溶性糖总量5.46%~5.65%,可溶性蛋白含量1.50%~1.74%,类黄酮化合物总量1.16%~1.79%,叶绿素总量1.36%~2.01%,儿茶素总量13.53%~16.20%。与对照相比,4种绿茶的茶多酚、可溶性糖和儿茶素总量均高于对照,除齐眉翠峰外其余3种茶样水浸出物和叶绿素总量均高于对照,除干发茶外其余3种茶样类黄酮化合物总量均高于对照。 相似文献
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1 吉林省平安农业科学院大豆研究工作简介吉林省平安农业科学院大豆研究所 ,设在吉林省长春市西安大路种子大厦内。现有科技人员 6人 ,其中研究员 2人 ,农艺师 2人 ,技术员 2人 ,定向培养研究生 2人。大豆研究所的主要任务是选育稳产、高产、优质及抗病虫大豆新品种 ;同时密切 相似文献
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Sena L.P. VanderJagt D.J. Rivera C. Tsin A.T.C. Muhamadu I. Mahamadou O. Millson M. Pastuszyn A. Glew R.H. 《Plant foods for human nutrition (Dordrecht, Netherlands)》1998,52(1):17-30
In the western Sahel, indigenous plants become important staples when cereal harvests are inadequate to support populations inhabiting that region of Africa. The purpose of this study was to assess the nutrient content of several of these edible wild plants. The leaves of the following seven plant foods were analyzed: Ziziphus mauritiana, Cerathotheca sesamoides, Moringa oleifera, Leptadenia hastata, Hibiscus sabdarifa, Amaranthus viridi, and Adansonia digitata. The fatty acid, vitamin E, carotenoid, selected mineral and amino acid contents of these plant foods were determined. These same analyses were performed on the fruit of the Adansonia digitata. In quantitative and qualitative terms, Amaranthus viridis was found to be an excellent source of protein. Its amino acid composition compared favorably to that of a World Health Organization (WHO) protein standard. It also contained considerable amounts of the two fatty acids that are essential in humans (linoleic and -linolenic) and a number of minerals including iron, magnesium, calcium and zinc. The leaves of Hibiscus sabdarifa contained an appreciable quantity of protein the composition of which was comparable to the WHO standard. The mineral content of the leaves of this plant was also exceptionally high; noteworthy was its high zinc content. H. sabdarifa also contained significant quantities of the two essential fatty acids. Ziziphus mauritiana was an excellent source of the essential fatty acid linoleic acid and several of the metals including iron, calcium, magnesium and zinc. Its content of other essential nutrients, however, was rather low. In general, Adansonia digitata leaves were nutritionally superior to the fruit of the tree; however, the fruit did contain useful quantities of potassium, phosphorus, zinc and -linolenic acid. The Leptadenia hastata leaves were an especially good source of lutein and -carotene. These data should be useful to the people who inhabit the western Sahel in helping them devise healthy diets during times when cereal staples are in short supply. 相似文献
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通过电解质外渗法和匍匐茎恢复试验对‘阳江’狗牙根及其12个通过形态鉴定选出的坪用价值高且花序密度低的诱变后代进行抗寒性鉴定。电解质外渗法结果表明:诱变后代间的抗寒性具有较大差异,其叶片半致死温度(LT50)的变异范围为-7.6～-0.2℃(最低值与最大值相差7.4℃);参试材料抗寒性由强到弱依次为M18>M4>M26>M28> M22>阳江>M29>M31>M10>M37>M16>M1>M25,其中,有5个诱变后代抗寒性优于亲本,分别是M18、M4、M26、M28、M22。匍匐茎恢复实验结果表明:诱变后代M1、M22、M26、M31、M25在0℃和-5℃低温胁迫后的恢复生长率都高于亲本,恢复能力均优于亲本;M10、M37、M28在-5℃低温胁迫下,恢复生长能力低于亲本,抗寒性相对较弱,M16和M4在0℃和-5℃低温胁迫下,恢复生长率都低于亲本,抗寒性明显弱于亲本。综合2种方法鉴定结果显示:诱变后代M1、M25的恢复能力较强;M4、M28的叶片抗寒性较好,青绿期较长;M22、M18、M26的叶片抗寒性和匍匐茎恢复能力均较强;M29,M31的叶片抗寒性和匍匐茎恢复能力与亲本相似;M10、M16、M37的叶片抗寒性和匍匐茎恢复能力均较弱,整体抗寒性较弱。 相似文献
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