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1.
We established an advanced protocol for in vitro propagation of Aloe vera via comparison of basal media, sucrose contents, growth hormone combinations, and additional supplementation with various polyamines. The maximal number and growth of shoots after 5 weeks was obtained using MS media including 30 g L?1 sucrose supplemented with 1.0 mg L?1 BA and 0.1 mg L?1 NAA. To improve shoot production, various concentrations of putrescine, spermidine, and spermine were added under optimal growth hormone conditions (MS media supplemented with 30 g L?1 sucrose, 1.0 mg L?1 BA, and 0.1 mg L?1 NAA). Maximal shoot number and growth after 5 weeks were achieved with supplementation of 50 mg L?1 spermidine. Regenerated plants were successfully acclimatized in soil with 100% efficiency. Cytogenetic inspection revealed that the regenerated plants maintained intact chromosomes identical to those of plants grown in field conditions. This protocol provides a valuable alternative for mass production of elite Aloe vera.  相似文献   

2.
Potato leaf roll virus (PLRV) is causing serious loss in yield and quality of potatoes. In the present study, the effect of seven antiviral chemicals viz. Acyclovir, 5-Azacytidine, Cytarabine, 5-Bromouracil, Ribavirin, 2-Thiouracil and Zidovudine on regeneration response and production of PLRV-free plants under in vitro conditions is reported. MS medium supplemented with 0.1 mg L?1 GA3, 0.1 mg L?1 NAA and 500 mg L?1 malt extract was used for regeneration of plantlets from nodal explants. DAS-ELISA and RT-PCR was used for virus indexing of the mother plant and in vitro-regenerated plantlets. Explants of PLRV positive potato plants were cultured on this medium containing different concentrations (5 – 30 mg L?1) of antiviral chemicals. Shoot regeneration response varied between tested antiviral chemicals and was decreased with increase in concentration of antiviral chemicals from 5 to 30 mg L?1. Antiviral chemicals at 30 mg L?1 concentration showed strong inhibitory effect on regeneration response of shoots. In vitro regenerated plantlets tested negative in both ELISA and RT-PCR were only considered as virus free. When regeneration response and number of virus-free plants produced was compared, 2- thiouracil and ribavirin (25 mg L?1) were found to be effective. 2- thiouracil (25 mg L?1) gave 38.68% PLRV free plants with 30.55% cultures showing shoot regeneration and ribavirin (25 mg L?1) gave 39.62% PLRV-free plants with 36.80% cultures showing shoot regeneration. Regeneration response of explants was better on 5-Bromouracil at 30 mg L?1 concentrations but it was found least effective in production of PLRV-free potato plants.  相似文献   

3.
The present study is an attempt to prepare synthetic seeds using alginate encapsulation of nodal explants of Sterculia urens. Regeneration potential of encapsulated nodal segments was tested on MS basal, MS + BA (3.0 mg L?1), MS + TDZ (0.2 mg L?1), and MS + BA (0.5 mg L?1) + NAA (2.0 mg L?1). The regeneration potential was maximum (73.33 ± 1.33) on MS + TDZ (0.2 mg L?1) followed by (69.33 ± 1.76) on MS + BA (3 mg L?1) even after 6 months of storage at 4°C, whereas controls did not show any regeneration potential after 1 week. These findings suggest synthetic seed technology as an alternative method for micropropagation and germplasm conservation of Sterculia urens an endangered species.  相似文献   

4.
As a medicinal plant, the importance of evening primrose (Oenothera biennis L.) is due to its unsaturated fatty acids in the seeds and roots, and also oenotherine and comfarol in the leaves. Low germination and difficulties in seed production are the main problems encountered with growing this plant in the field. As an alternative approach, an in vitro experiment was set up for the evaluation of evening primrose production via direct and indirect regeneration of the cultivars NC-1 and VNK. For callogenesis and direct regeneration, the explants from the apical bud and petiole were cultured on MS medium supplemented with 0.25, 0.75, and 1.25 mg L?1 of both BAP and Kinetin (KIN). Indirect regeneration was performed by placing apical buds, petioles, and leaf explants on MS medium supplemented with 0.5 and 1 mg L?1 2,4-D and 0.5, 1, and 1.25 mg L?1 of both BAP and KIN. The highest shoot induction from direct regeneration was obtained with apical bud explants of VNK treated with 0.75 mg L?1 BAP. The highest callus weight (3.17 g) obtained from indirect regeneration was with petiole explants treated with 1 mg L?1 2, 4-D and 1 mg L?1 BAP in VNK cultivars. The highest number of torpedo embryogenic clusters (23.8) was obtained from the VNK petiole explants treated with 0.5 mg L?1 2, 4-D and 1.25 mg L?1 BAP. BAP had higher positive effects on in vitro production of evening primrose than KIN in both direct and indirect regeneration. In general, results indicated that VNK was more potent for regeneration than NC-1 and concentrations of 0.75 mg L?1 BAP for direct and 0.5 mg L?1 2, 4-D and 1.25 mg L?1of BAP for indirect regeneration had a higher efficiency for increasing in vitro production of evening primrose.  相似文献   

5.
Kaempferia angustifolia is an aromatic, essential oil-yielding plant of the Zingiberaceae family with an ethno-medicinal repute. We standardized an effective system for micropropagation of K. angustifolia, and this is probably the very first report of in vitro culture of this species. Axillary buds were cultured on a Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium supplemented with various concentrations and combinations of plant growth regulators (PGRs) and spermidine. Highest multiplication occurred when the MS medium was supplemented with a combination of 2.0 mg L?1 6-benzylaminopurine (BAP), 2.0 mg L?1 kinetin (KIN) and 1.0 mg L?1 α-naphthalene acetic acid (NAA). Addition of spermidine (2.0 mM) along with optimum PGRs had further improved the multiplication rate with a maximum of 6.6 ± 0.36 shoots per explant within 60 days of implantation. The number of multiplied shoots per explant increased with each subsequent regeneration cycle; and the shoots per explant increased from 6.6 ± 0.36 on the 1st regeneration cycle to 10.3 ± 0.42 on the 2nd regeneration cycle and further increased to 13.7 ± 0.37 on the 3rd regeneration cycle on the same medium composition. The best result for in vitro root induction of multiplied shoot was achieved on a half-strength MS medium fortified with 2.0 mg L?1 IBA, with a maximum of 18.5 ± 0.28 roots per shoot. Regenerated plantlets were acclimatized with 88.9 % survival rate. After 9 months of field-transfer, all these plants were harvested and rhizomes were collected. However, the present protocol can definitely be applied for large-scale propagation and commercial cultivation of K. angustifolia.  相似文献   

6.
In the present study, attempt was made to compare agar with gum karaya as gelling agent in micropropagation of rough lemon (Citrus jambhiri Lush.). Initially nodal segments were cultured on agar-gel MS medium containing benzyladenine (BA), kinetin (KN), zeatin (ZN) (1.0–2.5 mg L?1) and malt extract (200–1,200 mg L?1) to standardize the medium. Maximum shoot regeneration (66.66%) was observed with KN 2 mg L?1 with an average shoot length of 0.73 cm. Gum karaya and agar was then evaluated at different concentration and combinations in same medium. The shoot regeneration response on media gelled with 30 g L?1 gum karaya was 62.49% with an average shoot length of 0.80 cm. Regenerated shoots were rooted on MS medium gelled with agar and supplemented with different concentrations (0.5–2.5 mg L?1) of indole-3-acetic acid (IAA), naphthalene acetic acid (NAA), and indole-3-butyric acid (IBA). Maximum response (52.77 %) was observed with IBA 2.0 mg L?1 with an average number of 2.58 roots/shoot. A maximum of 53.47% cultures showed root regeneration with an average number of 2.91 roots/shoot in 30 g L?1 gum karaya-gel medium. Texture measurements revealed that firmness of gum karaya-gel medium was nowhere near to that of agar. However, in their capability of supporting growth and differentiation of explants they are equal to agar medium. Gum karaya forms less adhesive and gummy medium as compared to agar. This study indicates that gum karaya can be used as gelling agent in place of agar.  相似文献   

7.
Mungbean (Vigna radiata) and rice bean (V. umbellata) (both species 2n = 2x = 22) have desirable traits that complement each other. In this study, we rescued embryos from a cross between mungbean cv. “Kamphaeng Saen 2” and rice bean cv. “Miyazaki” and resolved the hybrid sterility problem by colchicine treatment. The interspecific hybrids were obtained when Kamphaeng Saen 2 was used as the female parent. Four out of 80 immature seeds at 12 days old were able to germinate on an MS medium supplemented with 1 mg L?1 IAA, 0.2 mg L?1 kinetin, and 500 mg L?1 casein hydrolysate. Forty random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) primers were screened for polymorphism among the parents, and two specific primers were finally chosen for testing of hybridity. Using the two primers, all putative F1 hybrids were confirmed as the interspecific hybrids. To observe their fertility, some of the hybrid seedlings were transplanted. The hybrid produced flowers profusely but failed to set pods. To overcome the sterility, plants were induced to become tetraploid by colchicine treatment in vitro. The ploidy level of the regenerated seedlings was confirmed from leaf DNA using a flow cytometer. Three out of 20 hybrid seedlings (15%) were successfully induced from diploid to tetraploid by a colchicine concentration of 2 g L?1. The tetraploid hybrids were able to produce flowers and set pods normally.  相似文献   

8.
In the present study, in vitro propagation of tribal endemic medicinal plant, Andrographis lineata has been established using mature nodal explants. High frequency of regeneration (91.4%) was achieved on MS medium containing BA (3.0 mg L–1) along with IAA (0.2 mg L–1). Strikingly, irrespective of the season and collection period, we observed axillary flower induction and fruit formation from the above in vitro cultures supplemented with BA and NAA. Transition from the vegetative to the reproductive phase occurred within 2 months of culture, and importantly was influenced by factors such as sucrose and cytokinins. In vitro-regenerated flowers were morphologically identical to in vivo flowers. Furthermore, our scanning electron microscopic studies revealed that pollen external morphology of both in vitro and in vivo flowers were similar. The flowers self-fertilized and produced fruits in vitro. Elongated shoots rooted well on half-strength MS basal medium, and were successfully acclimatized to the garden conditions. Altogether, our established protocol can be utilized in plant breeding for the purpose of ex situ conservation, quick flowering, and fruit set.  相似文献   

9.
The effect of plant growth regulators and natural supplements on the morphogenetic response of Pogostemon cablin Benth. was investigated. Murashige and Skoog (MS) media supplemented with 0.5 mg L?1 benzyl-6-adenine and 0.5 mg L?1 kinetin was effective in inducing multiple shoots (63.20 ± 0.15) with an average shoot length of 5.27 ± 0.15 cm and biomass of 5.20 ± 0.10 g shoot?1. Among the natural supplements, 10% coconut water supplemented to MS media showed a better response in all the morphological parameters studied. The use of 10% tomato extract, 20% banana extract, 10% carrot extract, and 10% papaya extract in MS medium have efficiently increased multiple shoots, shoot length, and fresh weight of the shoots. The natural supplements also effectively increased the chlorophyll content, total protein, and total carbohydrate content in the plant. The frequency of rooting (93%) was highest when shoots were implanted on 1/2 strength MS media with 100 mg L?1 activated charcoal. The in vitro rooted plants were successfully acclimatized and established in soil. Also, RAPD analysis showed no variation suggesting true-to-type nature of the micropropagated plants. Hence, this protocol can effectively reduce the cost of in vitro multiplication of plants.  相似文献   

10.
Crosses were made to produce interspecific hybrids between Brassica napus × B. juncea and their reciprocals with the aid of embryo culture techniques. A better response of hybrid embryo culture was obtained from two cross combinations of B. juncea × B. napus (Ames 24521 × Huyou 15 and Vittasso × Zheshuang 72) than from their reciprocals. Embryo culture was more effective in terms of plant regeneration when embryos were cultured in vitro at 15 days after pollination (DAP), while more calli were initiated when embryos were excised and cultured at 10 DAP. A better response was observed on the MS medium with 0.3 mg l?1 naphthylacetic acid (NAA) + 1.5 mg l?1 6‐benzylaminopurine (BAP) and with 0.3 mg l?1 NAA + 2.0 mg l?1 BAP. Callus formation and plant regeneration on these two media reached 55.43 and 26.65 %, and 66.98 and 24.61 %, respectively.  相似文献   

11.
The genus Crocus comprises plants with a potential to be developed as a new ornamental crop but to date, there are not many reports on in vitro propagation of many members of this genus. The present study involves in vitro propagation of Crocus cancellatus with ornamental and horticultural value. Two different types of corm explants (apical and basal halves of corms) were cultivated onto Murashige and Skoog’s (MS) medium supplemented with different levels of α-naphthalene acetic acid (NAA) and 6-benzylaminopurine (BAP). One to five cormlets emerged from every responding explant through direct organogenesis. Apical halves of corms were more highly responsive than basal halves and produced a maximum multiplication rate with 3.45 ± 0.06 cormlets per explant in 95.33 ± 2.33% of the explants in MS medium supplemented with 3% sucrose and 2 mg L−1 NAA and 1 mg L−1 BAP. The effect of cold storage temperature on in vitro cormlets sprouting was studied. Cormlets stored at 4°C for 8 weeks had more statistically significant positive effects on cormlets sprouting from the controls. In vitro rooting of cormlets was induced on MS medium without plant hormones.  相似文献   

12.
Jatropha curcas, the energy plant has attained great attention in recent years because of its biodiesel production potential; however, oil and deoiled cakes are toxic. A non-toxic variety of J. curcas is reported from Mexico. A simple and efficient protocol has been developed for plant regeneration using cotyledonary petiole explants of non-toxic variety of J. curcas. The percentage of induction of shoot buds (59.11%), and the number of shoot buds (5.01) per explant was achieved on Murashige and Skoog’s (MS) medium supplemented with 2.27 μM thidiazuron (TDZ). These induced shoot buds multiplied when subcultured on MS medium supplemented with 10 μM kinetin (Kn), 4.5 μM 6-benzyl aminopurine (BAP), and 5.5 μM α-naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA) for 4 weeks and subsequent elongation achieved on MS medium supplemented with 2.25 μM BAP and 8.5 μM indole-3-acetic acid (IAA). Shoots more than 2 cm long were harvested and cultured on MS medium containing different concentrations and combinations of IBA, IAA, NAA, and 0.25 mg L?1 activated charcoal, and 19.91% rooting was achieved in 15 μM IBA, 5.7 μM IAA, and 16.5 μM NAA after 4 weeks with more than 90% survival rate.  相似文献   

13.
The present study describes the procedure for micropropagation of Dracocephalum kotschyi L. using shoot tips from in vitro-germinated plants. The best response was observed for shoot tips on MS medium containing 5 mg 6-benzylaminopurine L?1 and 0.2 mg 1-naphthaleneacetic L?1 acid. Regeneration for other types of the explant hypocotyls and cotyledons did not show satisfactory results so that the explants did not develop into normal shoots and in turn developed into the calli after 12 days of culture. Histochemical analysis showed that only the shoot tip revealed a direct induction of more teratological protuberances that arise around the cut end of the explants. Elongation of shoot buds was obtained on MS medium containing 1 mg BAP L?1 + 0.5 mg IBA L?1. Regenerated shoots rooted best on the same medium of elongation. After hardening, the rooted plants were transferred to the greenhouse where they grew, matured, and flowered normally with a survival rate of 95%. We concluded that the present protocol can be efficiently used for mass propagation of Dracocephalum kotschyi.  相似文献   

14.
Using three varieties of Brassica rapa, cv. Hauarad (accession 708), cv. Maoshan-3 (714) and cv. Youbai (715), as the maternal plants and one variety of B. oleracea cv. Jingfeng-1 (6012) as the paternal plant, crosses were made to produce interspecific hybrids through ovary culture techniques. A better response of seed formation was observed when ovaries were cultured in vitro at 9–12 days after pollination on the basal MS and B5 media supplemented with 6-benzylaminopurine (BA) and naphthylacetic acid (NAA). The best response was observed for cross 714×6012 with the rate of seeds per ovary reaching 43.0%. Seeds for cross 715×6012 showed the best germination response (66.7%) on the regeneration medium (MS+1.0 mg l–1 BA+0.05 mg l–1 NAA). In all three cross combinations, good response in terms of root number and length of plants was observed on the root induction medium (MS+1.0 mg l–1 BA+0.1 mg l–1 NAA). A better response was observed for the regenerated plants cultured for 14 days than for 7 days. The ovary-derived plants with well-developed root system were hardened for 8 days and their survival rate reached over 80%. Cytological studies showed that the chromosome number of all plants tested was 19 (the sum of both parents), indicating that these regenerated plants were all true hybrids of B. rapa (n = 10) × B. oleracea (n = 9). The regenerated plants were doubled with colchicine treatment, and the best response in the crosses 708×6012, 714×6012 and 715×6012 was observed when treated with 170 mg l–1 colchicine for up to 30 h and their doubling frequency reached 52, 56 and 62%, respectively.  相似文献   

15.
Anthers of Brassica nigra, excised from fresh as well as cold-pretreated (3 days at 3 ± 2°C) buds cultivated on modified B5 medium (Gamborg et al. 1968) containing sucrose level varying from 2 % to 10 %, along with 1O?6M BAP (benzylaminopurine) and 9 × 10?6M 2,4-D (2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid), developed calli and/or embryos. The latter response was observed only in anthers reared on media containing 6 % or higher levels of sucrose. On media containing two or four per cent sucrose, the anthers produced calli, exclusively. The growth of embryos was inhibited or else they started callusing if left on the media containing higher levels of sucrose. However, on transfer to MS medium (Murashige and Skoog 1962), containing 2 % sucrose, embryos started callusing and subsequently a few secondary embryos differentiated. Such embryos were sub-cultured on MS + 5 × 10?6M BAP + 2 % sucrose, wherein numerous shoots developed from embryos. The shoots were rooted by transferring to a medium containing 5 × 10?6M NAA (naphthalene acetic acid). Within two months of culture, some of these plants started flowering in vitro.  相似文献   

16.
Due to its vegetative reproduction, saffron has a narrow genetic base and induced in vitro variations provide opportunities for expanding new cultivars. The objectives of this study were to evaluate sodium azide-induced variations in saffron’s corm culture in order to increase salt tolerance and pharmaceutical ingredients. Corm explants from the well-known ecotypes, Estahban and Kashmar, were subjected to various concentrations of sodium azide (NaN3) (0.09, 0.12, and 0.22 mg L?1) and NaCl (1.5, 2.5, and 4.0 dS equivalent to 0.07, 0.12, and 0.20 g NaCl in 100 mL water) in Murashige and Skoog medium supplemented with 1 mg L?1 2-4-D, 1 mg L?1 BAP, and 30 g L?1 sucrose and in a second pot culture experiment. The active pharmaceutical ingredients (crocin, picrocrocin, and safranal) were measured by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Variations in sodium azide-treated plants were more broadened for callus fresh weight (0.57–7.57 g), embryo weight (1.24–10.29 g), and regenerated seedlings (3.0–21.25) compared with those (0.12–3.77 g, 0.56–4.56 g, and 0.25–11.50, respectively) that were not treated with sodium azide. Under 0.20% salt, flowering failed in some of plants developed from sodium azide-untreated corms. HPLC analysis indicated wider ranges for crocin (11.92–18.03 mg g?1), picrocrocin (8.99–14.76 mg g?1), and safranal (2.13–7.36 mg g?1) in sodium azide-treated plants compared to the ranges (0.0–16.1, 0.0–12.5, and 0.0–6.66 mg g?1, respectively) in untreated plants. From a breeding perspective, induced variations found in this study would be useful to improve saffron’s quality and salt tolerance.  相似文献   

17.
An in vitro propagation method for female plants of Momordica dioica (Roxb.) has been established. The nodal segments were harvested and the cut ends of the explants were sealed with wax and then surface sterilized and cultured. Bud breaking occurred on Murashige and Skoog’s (MS) agar-gelled medium + 2.0 mg L−1 6-Benzylaminopurine (BAP) + 0.1 mg L−1 Indole-3 acetic acid (IAA). The cultures were amplified by passages on MS medium supplemented with 1.0 mg L−1 BAP + 0.1 mg L−1 IAA. Further, shoot amplification (29.2 shoots per vessel) was achieved by subculturing of in vitro regenerated shoot clump on MS medium + 0.5 mg L−1 BAP + 0.1 mg L−1 IAA. The micropropagated shoots were subsequently transferred for root formation on half-strength MS medium + 2.0 mg L−1 Indole-3 butyric acid (IBA) with 89% success rate. The in vitro-regenerated shoots were also rooted ex vitro with 34% success. These plantlets were hardened in the greenhouse and transferred to the field. The established protocol is suitable for true to type cloning of mature female plant of M. dioica.  相似文献   

18.
为解决生产上‘蕲山药’脱毒种药供不应求的问题,以其茎节为试验材料,研究不同植物生长调节剂配比对‘蕲山药’不定芽再生的影响以及不同碳源对试管微块茎形成的影响,建立‘蕲山药’的离体再生体系及高效形成试管微块茎的方法。结果表明,在不同植物生长调节剂配比对‘蕲山药’诱导不定芽分化的影响中,MS+ 6-BA 0.5 mg/L+ NAA 0.1 mg/L或MS+ ZT 0.2 mg/L+ NAA 0.2 mg/L对‘蕲山药’不定芽分化较好,形成不定芽频率分别达到81.33%、82.67%;MS+ 6-BA 0.2 mg/L + NAA 0.02 mg/L对‘蕲山药’不定芽增殖效果最好,增殖系数高达4.7;MS+ NAA 0.02 mg/L适合‘蕲山药’不定芽生根,生根率高达96.32%。150 mg/L PVP能有效降低‘蕲山药’组织培养的褐化现象。试验还发现,MS+ BA 0.5 mg/L+ NAA 0.05 mg/L+ 60 g/L蔗糖,最有利于‘蕲山药’试管微块茎的形成与生长,其微块茎形成率最高,达到了97.50%;其60、120天微块茎质量分别达到了0.18 g和0.39 g。  相似文献   

19.
R. K. Jain  Ulrike Brune  W. Friedt 《Euphytica》1989,43(1-2):153-163
Summary Protocols for plant regeneration from cotyledon explant and anther cultures of Sinapis alba have been developed for creating doubled-haploids and somaclonal variation. Among the several cultivars tested in this study, only Arda responded well to in vitro plant regeneration both from anther-as well as cotyledoncultures. Multiple shoot formation in cotyledon explants, which always followed a brief callusing phase, was found to be the best on MS medium with ZEA (1.0mg/l) and NAA (0.1mg/l). Regeneration frequency declined sharply in the absence of auxin or presence of other cytokinins and/or auxin. The frequency of shoot regeneration also declined with reduction in the photoperiod to 16h. On MS + BAP (1.0mg/l) + NAA (1.0mg/l) medium, cotyledonary explants showed profuse callusing, which could regenerate shoots on high ZEA + low NAA/IAA medium. However, it declined with progressing time in culture. Anthers, excised from fresh as well as cold pretreated buds, cultured on 10% sucrose containing MS media with different hormonal constitution, developed calli and/or embryos. Initial culture temperature was important with embryogenesis occurring only in anthers cultured at 30°C for 3 weeks. A high temperature (35°C) treatment was lethal for both callus as well as embryo formation. While BAP + NAA and ZEA + NAA/IAA supported embryogenesis, further plant regeneration from anther-or embryo-callus could be achieved in ZEA + NAA/IAA media. Some of the regenerants flowered already in vitro and had small and sterile flowers. Cytological examination of some of the root differentiating calli indicated the presence of haploid as well as diploid cells. Shoots were rooted during prolonged incubation on the same medium or on transfer to MS (reduced)/ B5 + ZEA + NAA media.  相似文献   

20.
The aim of this study is to introduce the suitable protocol for indirect regeneration from seedling-derived leaf segment of Ficus religiosa. The leaf explant successfully produced callus on MS medium containing various concentrations of auxin in combination with BAP. The maximum callus induction (100%) was achieved in MS medium containing 0.5 mg/l 2,4-D plus 0.05 mg/l BAP and MS medium containing 1.5 mg/l NAA plus 0.15 mg/l BAP as well. MS medium consisting of 2,4-D produced yellow-brownish and friable callus (type I) while the yellowish and compact calli (type II) were obtained in MS medium consisting of NAA. On the other hand, MS medium supplemented with IBA formed greenish and compact calli (type Ш). The regeneration rate in type II callus was less than the type I, and there was no shoot induction observed on type Ш calli. MS medium supplemented with 1.5 mg/l BAP in combination with 0.15 mg/l IBA had the highest regeneration frequency (100%) and maximum shoot numbers (5.16) as well as shoot length (2.56 cm) in type I callus. A maximum of 93.33% root induction was observed in MS medium supplemented with 2.0 mg/l IBA plus 0.1mg/l NAA. The plantlets were successfully transferred to the greenhouse. This system could be utilized for large-scale multiplication of Ficus religiosa.  相似文献   

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