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1.
采用人工模拟不同的光照条件(100%全光照、40%光照、20%光照、10%光照)进行盆栽试验,探讨不同光照条件对掌叶木幼苗生长、生理指标的影响。结果表明:在不同光照环境条件下,掌叶木1年生幼苗高生长量差异显著,地径生长量差异不显著;总生物量、叶生物量、茎生物量、根冠比均随光照强度降低而减少,各器官生物量分配均为:叶根茎;随着光照强度的减弱,幼苗净光合速率、蒸腾速率、叶绿素a/叶绿素b均表现出下降的趋势,叶片中SOD、MAD、质膜相对透性、叶绿素a、叶绿素b、叶绿素总量均呈不同程度的上升趋势。研究表明适当遮荫有利于掌叶木幼苗的培育。  相似文献   

2.
通过不同遮荫处理(全光照、遮荫30%、遮荫60%和遮荫85%)研究了光照强度对日本荚蒾Viburnum japonicum幼苗生长及生理特性的影响,为该植物的引种驯化和苗木培育提供理论依据。结果表明,随着光照强度的减弱,日本荚蒾幼苗叶片比叶重(SLW)逐渐降低,在遮荫30%和60%处理下幼苗的相对生长速率(RGR)较大,而在全光照条件下日本荚蒾幼苗的生长受到明显抑制。日本荚蒾幼苗叶片花色素苷含量随着光照强度的减弱而逐渐减小;不同程度的遮荫处理均降低了叶片的丙二醛(MDA)含量,处理60 d和90 d时,遮荫60%处理叶片的MDA含量最低;在全光照下叶片可溶性糖含量最高。处理90 d时,遮荫60%处理叶片的可溶性糖含量最低;随着处理时间的延长,不同遮荫处理叶片的可溶性蛋白含量均有所增加,但遮荫60%处理叶片的可溶性蛋白含量显著低于其他处理(P0.05);处理60 d和90 d时,叶片超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性随着遮荫强度的增大而逐渐降低,遮荫60%处理叶片的过氧化物酶(POD)活性低于遮荫30%和遮荫85%处理。综上分析,全光照下日本荚蒾生长受到严重抑制,遮荫60%处理较适宜该植物的生长。  相似文献   

3.
在不同光照梯度(55.44%自然全光照、21.12%自然全光照、3.47%自然全光照和0.86%自然全光照)的人工遮荫条件下,研究了不同光照强度对臭椿Ailanthus altissima幼苗早期生长的影响。结果表明:移栽后约3个月的臭椿幼苗株高、基径、复叶数、主根长、单株叶面积、总干质量、根冠比、相对生长率和净同化率等生长参数均以55.44%自然全光照处理最大,分别为77.30 cm、13.82 mm、17.80、67.20 cm、4 852.22 cm2、60.57 g、0.24、49.76×10-3g.d-1和5.62×10-5g.cm-2d-1,而且随着光照强度的减弱而减小。研究结果可为臭椿苗木繁育与造林实践提供参考。  相似文献   

4.
采用1年生铁力木苗木为试验材料,应用4种光照条件(CK、T_1、T_2、T_3,透光率分别为100%、45.7%、13.9%、6.3%)进行盆栽试验,探索铁力木幼苗对光照强度的适应性,以确定铁力木幼苗的最佳光照环境。结果表明,在T_1条件下,苗木苗高、高径比为最高,在低遮荫条件下促进苗木生物量积累,在T_3条件下苗木生长受到了抑制。因此,得出铁力木苗木在T_1条件(透光率45.7%)下最有利于铁力木苗木的生长。  相似文献   

5.
遮荫和光照对缺苞箭竹发育的影响   总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4  
据观察,缺苞箭竹通常在迹地和疏林地比郁闭度大的林地衰老快、开花多,说明缺苞箭竹发育与林地遮荫度有关,为了证实这一现象,在全光照(sun)、林地部分遮荫(约为全光照下光量的50%)和深度遮荫(约为全光照下光量的2%)的条件下,分植零星开花竹丛,观察其发育变化。结果表明:在深度遮荫的条件下,原有的花穗不开放,花芽不继续发育,未花枝也不继续发育成花枝,竹丛中也不再出现新的开花植株,而未花竹和发笋量则逐年增加;在全光照和部分遮荫的条件下,原有的花穗很快开放,特别是全光照条件下,花茅和未花枝继续发育成花穗和花芽的速度更快,而且新的开花植株逐年增加,未花植株和发笋量逐年减少。结果也表明:光照时间和光照强度是控制缺苞箭竹开花的最明显的气象因子。  相似文献   

6.
以不同遮荫条件(50%、25%和自然光)下适应生长1 a后的珙桐幼苗为研究对象,测定分析了珙桐幼苗的生理生化指标和生长的变化特征,结果表明:(1)不同的遮荫处理下,珙桐幼苗的净光合速率日变化曲线均为双峰型,有"午休"现象。但不同光强下出现峰值的大小和时间有差异。不同的光强下蒸腾速率日变化趋势也是不一致的,全天蒸腾速率大小顺序为一层遮荫(50%)两层遮荫(25%)全光照。(2)遮荫下珙桐的单叶面积、比叶面积和叶柄长均大于全光照下,表明珙桐利用弱光的能力很强,提高了对有限光资源的吸收。遮荫试验结果说明:适度的遮荫(50%透光率)有利于珙桐幼苗生长。  相似文献   

7.
光照对沙棘幼苗生长、生物量分配及光合特性的影响   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
为探索沙棘幼苗对光照强度的适应性,通过设置100%光照强度、60%光照强度、20%光照强度3个光照梯度,分析沙棘幼苗的生长、光合特性及生物量分配特征对不同光环境的响应。结果表明:光照显著促进沙棘幼苗的生长,苗高、基径、冠幅、叶长、叶宽、叶面积、净光合速率等指标均在100%光照强度下最大,而且均随光照强度的减弱而减小;沙棘幼苗的根、茎、叶和单株生物量均在100%光照强度下最大;根冠比、叶生物量比、茎生物量比及根生物量比在3种光环境下无显著差异;沙棘幼苗通过改变光合特性和生物量积累来适应光环境的变化,其中光照强度的降低限制了生物量的积累,但并未显著改变生物量在地上和地下部分的分配比例,在3种光环境下生物量分配比例并无显著的改变;幼苗的比叶面积随着光照强度减弱而增大,在20%光照强度下达到最大值。  相似文献   

8.
以地稔(Melastoma dodecandrum)为研究材料,设置两种光照强度(全光照和半光照)对地稔生长影响。结果表明,随着光照强度的加强,地稔生长覆盖度较快,以半光照组的成坪密度较好;适度的遮荫地稔的植被厚度高于全光照组。无论是全光照还是半光照,地稔开花数量在早期时间段差异不大,但在后期地稔开花数量以全光照组最多。相关性分析结果显示,不同光照强度下地稔的生长覆盖度、植被厚度和开花数量呈显著相关,反映了光照强度是影响地稔生长的主要因子之一。研究结果在生产上可考虑在其不同生长阶段采取不同的光照程度以利于地稔的生长。  相似文献   

9.
为了探明不同光照强度对细叶云南松种子萌发的影响,采用人工模拟不同光照强度(100%全光照、90%全光照、75%全光照、50%全光照、25%全光照、15%全光照、5%全光照、0%全光照,即CK、90%NS、75%NS、50%NS、25%NS、15%NS、5%NS、0%NS)的方法研究了其种子萌发、胚轴和胚根长度的变化。试验结果表明:在为期17d的发芽期,90%NS下细叶云南松种子发芽率、发芽势、发芽速、发芽指数、胚轴长度均为最佳,胚根长度也相对较优;较弱的光照强度不利于细叶云南松种子发芽以及胚轴、胚根长度的生长。因此,在细叶云南松种子萌发时营造适宜的光照环境可提高种子发芽质量及出苗率。  相似文献   

10.
不同遮荫梯度下扁穗牛鞭草(H.compressa(L.f.))的最大净光合速率分别为全光照的84.2%、66.8%、44.3%、42.5%,且长期在遮荫条件下生长的扁穗牛鞭草叶绿体微结构或叶绿素含量可能发生了一定程度的变化;遮荫16%和48%时扁穗牛鞭草的表观光合量子速率(AQY)略大于全光照下的值,扁穗牛鞭草有基本适应此环境的趋势和可能,初步结论显示,48%及其以下的遮荫度范围在林草模式植被恢复上是可以参照的指标。  相似文献   

11.
在大田条件下研究不同遮阴程度对凤丹白(牡丹)苗期光合特性和叶绿素荧光参数的影响。结果表明:在夏季晴天、自然光照条件下,凤丹白苗期的光合速率日变化表现为"双峰型",有明显的"光合午休"现象,净光合速率显著低于遮阴处理;当年生苗遮阴75%条件下,净光合速率没有出现"光合午休"现象,2年生苗遮阴60%条件下,净光合速率显著高于其他处理。自然光照条件下,2年生苗的最大净光合速率和表观量子效率显著高于1年生苗。经过遮阴处理的F_v/F_m均显著高于全光照植株。试验结果说明:夏季大田中午强光、高温条件下,凤丹白幼苗光合作用受光抑制显著,遮阴可有效减轻光抑制,综合比较各参数可知,遮阴60%最适合凤丹白播种苗的生长。  相似文献   

12.
ABSTRACT

The exotic grass, Saccharum spontaneum L., has invaded abandoned agricultural lands in the Panama Canal Watershed for decades. The grass aggressively competes with regenerating tree seedlings preventing natural forest regeneration. To estimate effectual light level for controlling the grass, the growth of S. spontaneum was measured under a range of artificial shading conditions. Five shade treatment subplots–light intensities of 100% (full sunlight), 50, 25, 15, and 5%–were established at each of eight plots in land adjacent to the Panama Canal Watershed. Each site was cleared of S. spontaneum and then the regrowth was harvested. The regrowth of the grass was harvested and measured four times every one and half months for six months. The biomass of S. spontaneum was significantly less in lower light conditions than in full sunlight. The results showed that comparing growth of the grass at each harvest date, except for the first harvest date, there were significant differences between full sunlight and light intensities of 5, 15 and 25%. When compared by different harvest dates for each light level, only full sunlight showed a significant difference in biomass of the grass. The study demonstrates that shading is an effective method for controlling S. spontaneum. The results can be applied to developing reforestation strategies for abandoned lands occupied by S. spontaneum.  相似文献   

13.
光强对无瓣海桑幼苗的生长和光合特性的影响   总被引:5,自引:1,他引:4       下载免费PDF全文
根据实地测定人工无瓣海桑红树林不同环境下的光照强度,研究了不同光强环境对无瓣海桑幼苗的生长和光合特性的影响.结果表明:随着光照强度的降低,无瓣海桑幼苗的生长和光合特性指标水平均呈下降趋势,且不同光强处理间差异显著.在光照强度为全光照的80%和40%时,幼苗的各项生长指标下降,长势较全光照环境下的幼苗差;在荫蔽初期(2~4个月),弱光环境对幼苗的茎高、叶面积和叶片长宽比的增加有促进作用,随着荫蔽时间的延长,则产生抑制作用,不利于幼苗的生长;当光强达全光照的20%时,幼苗生长极为缓慢.在荫蔽处理180 d时,Sa80、Sa40、Sa20的幼苗死亡率分别为42%、70%、100%;在弱光环境下,无瓣海桑幼苗根、茎、叶的生物量分别下降了90%、80%、91%;随着环境光强水平的下降,无瓣海桑幼苗叶片的叶绿素含量、净光合速率等生理参数均呈下降趋势,各处理间差异显著.试验说明光强不足是造成无瓣海桑幼苗生长和光合水平低下及死亡率较高的主要原因,并对无瓣海桑幼苗的天然更新与自然扩散和人工造林技术进行了讨论.  相似文献   

14.
In Mediterranean climates, seedlings are frequently shaded in the nursery to avoid heat damage and save water. However, the impact of this shading on the seedling quality and transplanting performance of Mediterranean species is not well known. We studied the effect of nursery shading on pre-planting features and post-planting performance of two Mediterranean tree species: the shade-intolerant pioneer Pinus halepensis and the shade-tolerant late-successional Quercus ilex. We grew one-year-old seedlings of both species under 100, 40 and 5% full sunlight. Shade had a low impact on the morphology and physiology of Q. ilex seedlings. In pines, only the deep shade treatment produced low quality seedlings with poor root development. In both species, transference to high light at planting in autumn did not impose any additional stress than that caused by frosts, but initial root growth was impaired in the two shaded treatments in pine. Post-planting growth and survival of oak seedlings showed no difference between treatments. Pine seedlings grown in deep shade showed higher mortality and lower growth after planting than those grown in full sun and intermediate light treatments, while intermediate light only reduced growth. For the nursery culture of Q. ilex seedlings, we advise using low light levels during summer to save water without impairing field performance. In P. halepensis, seedlings should be cultured under full sunlight conditions to maximize post-planting growth, but they can be cultured under intermediate light without impairing survival.  相似文献   

15.
为了解不同光照条件下野鸦椿幼苗的生长发育状况和光合生理特性,探讨野鸦椿幼苗生长发育的最佳光照条件。采用遮光方式模拟不同光照强度(全光照,遮光30%、60%和90%),研究野鸦椿幼苗的生长、生物量、光合色素含量、生理指标和光合日变化等光合特性的响应规律。结果表明:随着遮光程度的增加,野鸦椿幼苗的生长量均高于对照,以遮光60%的苗高、地径、根长、根幅的增幅最大;遮光30%、60%处理下其生物量积累较多,植株长势良好,叶色较深;遮光处理后,野鸦椿幼苗的叶绿素a、叶绿素b及叶绿素总量(Chla+Chlb)的含量增加,叶绿素a/b值降低;遮光处理使野鸦椿幼苗叶片可溶性蛋白含量降低,使叶片可溶性糖含量增加;遮光30%、60%处理条件下,叶片中MDA的含量显著低于全光照和遮光90%;随着遮光程度的加强,光合速率不断下降,以遮光30%处理下光合速率较高。因此,在育苗生产中,建议有效辐射强度保持在遮光率为30%~60%的范围,可培育出优良健壮的野鸦椿苗木。  相似文献   

16.
  • ? The combined effect of water stress and light on seedlings of forest species is a key factor to determine the best silvicultural and afforestation practices in the Mediterranean area.
  • ? The aims of this work was (1) to determine the optimal light level for the early development of cork oak seedlings under mild water stress and (2) to test if the combined effect of water stress and light followed the trade-off, the facilitation or the orthogonal hypothesis.
  • ? Shade reduced instantaneous photosynthetic rates and water use efficiency in cork oak. However, seedlings grown under moderate shade (15% of full sunlight) were capable to accumulate similar amount of biomass than those grown under more illuminated environments by increasing their specific leaf area. Absolute differences in net photosynthesis between light treatments were higher in well watered than in water stressed seedlings. However, the impact of both factors on overall growth was orthogonal.
  • ? We concluded that cork oak development is impaired under deep shade (5% of full sunlight) but it can be optimal under moderate shade (15% of full sunlight) even under moderate water stress. Implications of these patterns on regeneration, cultivation and afforestation of cork oak are discussed.
  •   相似文献   

    17.
    以赪桐(Clerodendrum japonicum)扦插苗为材料,研究了 3 种光照强度:100% 光照强度 (CK)、36.1% 光照强度(3 针遮荫网遮荫)和 17.8% 光照强度(6 针遮荫网遮荫)处理条件下的生长及光 合特性。结果表明:遮荫处理下,赪桐苗高、地径增长量、地下部分干质量和地上部分干质量显著增加 (P<0.05);随着光照强度的减弱,赪桐的叶面积、叶周长、根长、根表面积、根体积和 SPAD 值显著增 加(P<0.05);与对照处理相比,17.8% 光强处理下赪桐的表观量子效率(AQY)增加,光补偿点 (LCP) 和暗呼吸速率 (Rd) 降低。该研究表明,赪桐具有较强的耐荫性及对弱光的利用能力;遮荫能促进赪桐生 长;100% 光照条件会抑制其生长,17.8% 光照强度更适宜赪桐生长。  相似文献   

    18.
    Genipa americana L. (Rubiaceae) is a late successional neotropical fruit tree used in riparian forest restoration programs. We analyze the effects of light availability and soil flooding on the growth and photosynthetic characteristics of G. americana seedlings under nursery and natural light conditions. Two light levels (full sunlight and shade), and two levels of soil water (flooded and control) were used in the experiment. Flooding induced significant changes in the total seedling biomass (P < 0.01). The differences among water treatments were 70 and 10% at full sunlight and shade, respectively. These changes were explained by alterations in the maximum quantum efficiency of the photosystem 2 (Fv/Fm), light-saturated net photosynthetic rates (A sat) and intrinsic water use efficiency (WUE). G. americana has high physiological plasticity in relation to the light availability and flooding, although significant interactive effects between high light exposure and soil flooding were observed in several photosynthetic and growth variables. The results highlight the importance of the synergistic effects between physical environmental variables on the establishment and growth of G. americana seedlings. In the practical point of view we can indicate that, in degraded riparian forests subjected to soil flooding, seedlings of this species should be planted under partially shaded environments.  相似文献   

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