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《养殖与饲料．饲料世界》2019,(8)
动物营养与动物的生长、繁殖、疾病息息相关,均衡的营养供给是动物健康的基础,也是衡量动物园动物福利的内容之一。本文就国内外动物园行业内圈养野生动物营养平衡问题进行了探讨,从野生动物对营养物质需求、饲料原料的选择及营养对野生动物繁殖与疾病的影响等方面进行了分析与总结,为动物园野生动物饲养管理及饲料的选择提供参考。 相似文献
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疣鼻天鹅是著名的观赏游禽之一。在动物园圈养的过程中,生活环境的改变会对疣鼻天鹅生活习性、繁殖等造成一定影响,给饲养和疾病的治疗也带来了难度。笔者对太原动物园疣鼻天鹅进行了调查研究,经过不断摸索,总结出了圈养疣鼻天鹅在馆舍设置、饲料配比、繁殖等方面的饲养管理经验;着重介绍了在饲养过程中常见疾病的防治及日常疫苗免疫、驱虫等情况,以期为疣鼻天鹅的饲养管理及疾病治疗工作提供参考。 相似文献
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近年来,动物园野生动物饲料逐渐商品化,政府相关部门也逐渐的在减少动物园野生动物饲料的投入。在自然中,野生动物可能会自行根据自身的需要来进行养分的摄取,而在动物园,野生动物的养分是依靠人工喂养而摄取的。所以动物园在野生动物饲养的过程中,对饲料的供给技术的加强,在野生动物合适的时期喂养安全、适合的饲料,不仅关乎着野生动物的生命安全,更与动物是否能健康的成长发育以及繁殖后代息息相关。 相似文献
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黄振华 《上海畜牧兽医通讯》2020,(5)
耳廓狐以其大耳朵以及呆萌的形象深受游客的喜爱。目前国内动物园耳廓狐饲养数量比较少,繁殖成功率也较低。本文论述了上海野生动物园人工圈养耳廓狐的饲养和繁殖管理技术要点,以期为国内相关人员饲养耳廓狐提供参考。 相似文献
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绿猴广泛分布于非洲西部地区,是动物园灵长类观赏动物的一种.笔者结合温州动物园绿猴日常饲养管理实践经验,从饲养和繁殖管理两个方面,对绿猴人工圈养技术要点进行阐述和总结,为动物园绿猴饲养提供参考. 相似文献
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《Journal of Veterinary Behavior: Clinical Applications and Research》2007,2(6):219-222
The amount of space available to animals in zoos is always limited by a range of factors that has little to do with animal biology. Most zoos exist on confined sites, their absolute boundaries are usually fixed. The starting point in a discussion about an animal's perceived needs is necessarily immediately to be considered in terms of other demands on the space available. Nonetheless, a detailed scientific understanding of the wild biology of a species has come to be regarded as essential to the determination of what constitutes appropriate captive conditions of zoos for that species. An examination of how zoos have confined animals through the last 2 centuries shows a trend away from the closest forms of confinement in cages, toward larger spaces, often with open viewing for visitors. Elephants represent an anomaly. They continue to be maintained in zoos according to traditions involving extraordinarily close human control, as if they were working animals. Looking at traditional captive elephant management practices, however, does not provide any reasonably complete view of elephant needs. Wild biology suggests that zoo elephants should enjoy a naturalistic social life and live more independently than they traditionally have done in zoos. For this, zoo elephants need far more extensive living spaces than those with which they are currently provided. 相似文献
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野生动物的移地保护和保护教育是现代动物园的主要功能,兽医在保障野生动物健康方面承担着重要的使命。动物园兽医在本质上是医学的一个特殊分枝,由于野生动物及其疾病种类的复杂性和个人精力、能力的局限性,动物园兽医的职业化和专业化是提高野生动物健康保障能力的根本出路;应激因素对圈养动物的健康造成很大的威胁,而适度驯化则可以最大限度地减少应激的发生;在国内建立区域动物园兽医服务网络、建立兽医行业内部信息交流平台是提高动物园兽医行业整体水平的基本思路：正确的疾病诊断和规范的处方,以及全面关注动物的基本需求、积极主动的疾病防疫等在兽医日常工作中占有同等重要的地位。由于兽医掌握了动物发病和死亡的第一手资料,动物园应当为兽医参与动物管理提供条件。 相似文献
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记录了南昌动物园l雄1雌2只扭角羚的发情、交配、分娩、哺育等一系列繁殖行为,并与其栖息地野外行为习性进行了比较,为动物园在扭角羚的异地保护中制定科学的管理、营养及展出策略提供了必要的依据。观察结果显示:与野生扭角羚的行为相比,一方面圈养扭角羚基本保持了其野生状态下的繁殖行为习性,如雌性表现出较强的母性行为。但另一方面,圈养扭角羚的群体行为比较单调、呆板,如雄性常有强制性的交配行为发生:圈养扭角羚的觅食行为受到动物园食谱的限制,在营养失衡时容易产生异食癖行为;圈养扭角羚在缺少自然隐蔽空间时,容易产生应激而引发亚健康状态,可导致雌性的繁殖失败。 相似文献
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SUMMARY: Data are presented on the duration of survival of platypus held in the collections of the 5 Australian zoos displaying the species over the period 1987–1991. Of 10 living platypus, five had survived for 7 or more years. Similarly, of 10 captive animals that died during the period, six had survived for 6 or more years. Five purpose-caught animals were integrated into captive collections over the period; all of these were alive at the end of 1991. The high survival of captive platypus documented in this study contrasts with the conclusion of Whittington (1991) that the duration of survival of platypus in captivity is generally short. This primarily reflects differences in the nature of the two sets of data: Whittington's analysis was based on incomplete records dating back to 1934, and also categorised as managed in captivity those wild platypus that died at zoos while under veterinary care. A series of recommendations on current captive management issues includes the need for improved veterinary knowledge of platypus. 相似文献
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Tiemann JC Rodrigues AA de Souza SL Duarte JM Gennari SM 《Veterinary parasitology》2005,129(3-4):341-343
Neospora caninum is a coccidian parasite that causes disease in captive and domesticated animals and has been found in wild animals such as cervids. Sera from 150 cervids of the genus Mazama, were collected from 31 captive herds and 16 zoos from different Brazilian regions and analyzed by indirect fluorescent antibody test for anti-N. caninum antibodies. Positive reactions were found in 42% (63) of the samples and the titers varied from 50 to 51,200. Of the 86 cervids from the captive herds, 38 (44.2%) had anti N. caninum antibodies and of the 64 samples from the zoo, 25 (39.1%) were positive. No significant difference (p>0.05) was found for the occurrence values observed between the animals from captive herds and zoos as well as within the values documented for each one of the species analyzed. Therefore, the results indicate that the agent is prevalent from cervids in captivity in Brazil. 相似文献
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S B Adams L Horstman F J Hoerr 《Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association》1983,182(11):1255-1256
Serum samples (n = 1,146) representing 100 species of exotic ruminants now captive in United States zoos were assayed for neutralizing antibody to infectious bovine rhinotracheitis (IBR) virus (bovine herpesvirus 1). Thirty-four animals (3%) of 11 species had antibody to IBR virus. Because of the low prevalence of IBR antibody found, it was concluded that vaccination against IBR virus probably is not necessary for captive wild ruminants in United States zoos. 相似文献
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中国黑叶猴圈养种群现状分析 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
应用种群管理软件SPARKS 1.6及PMX对中国黑叶猴圈养种群的现状进行了统计分析。截至2012年12月31日,黑叶猴谱系记录了574只个体,目前种群存活个体数量为318只,分布在34家动物园或机构中。圈养种群野外捕获个体主要来源于20世纪70-90年代,目前保持稳定状态。圈养出生个体数则一直保持上升状态,是维持黑叶猴圈养种群增长的主要来源,2012年圈养出生数量占种群总数的87.4%。种群周期增长率λ=1.042,性比M：F=1：1.04,目前种群中能够繁殖的个体共1 10只（♂48只,♀62只）,显示为一个增长的种群;黑叶猴国内圈养种群有58个建立者,基因多样性GD=96.67%,平均近亲系数F=0.0207。建议增加各机构之间的合作繁殖,避免小种群的近亲繁殖,保证黑叶猴圈养种群的自我维持和健康发展。 相似文献
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《Journal of Exotic Pet Medicine》2008,17(4):273-284
Venomous snakes may be maintained as captive animals and are commonly exhibited in both zoos and private zoological collections. Veterinarians who treat reptile species may be asked to provide medical care to venomous snakes. The addition of venomous snakes to the practice can be exciting and rewarding. Training and experience handling venomous snakes are required before treating these animals in a veterinary practice. Both training and experience with handling venomous snakes are important not only to protect hospital personnel but the owner and patient as well. Veterinarians who wish to provide care for venomous snakes need to be familiar with the many tools used to make restraint and handling venomous animals as safe as possible. 相似文献
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RJ WHITTINGTON 《Australian veterinary journal》1991,68(1):32-35
Data are presented on the duration of survival of 228 platypuses at six Australian zoos between 1934 and 1988. Only 22.4% of all platypuses survived more than 1 year in captivity. Of 15 living platypuses, 3 had been held in captivity for less than 1 year, 5 for between 1 and 5 years, 6 for between 5 and 10 years and 1 for 21 years. Of 213 platypuses that died in captivity, 81.7% had died within 1 year; most within the first month. The duration of survival was unrelated to the age of animals at acquisition or to sex. The survival rate of animals donated to zoos, including "refugees", was similar to that of purpose-caught animals. Clearly, only a small proportion of platypuses adapted to captive husbandry. The cause of death of most platypuses was not established. However, infectious disease did not appear to be significant. Approximately 28% of deaths were related to inadequate husbandry. Recommendations are made to improve the survival of platypuses in captivity. Research has commenced in zoos to facilitate this goal. 相似文献
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岩羊具有较强的耐寒性和适应恶劣环境的本领,不怕寒冷,不畏风雪,耐干旱,多在海拔4 000～6 000 m雪线以上的不毛之地生活,喜群居。学者对岩羊的野外行为研究较多,但对岩羊圈养的研究文章不多。2009～2012年,在长春动植物公园岩羊馆内对6只成年岩羊进行观察,在非原产地的平原地区通过圈养的方式对岩羊的饲养、食物组成、防疫、繁殖进行分析总结,为以后岩羊在非原产地的饲养提供了理论基础和实践经验。 相似文献