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1.
为调查山东省禽源致病性大肠杆菌流行的血清型及耐药性,从山东部分地区的45家养禽场分离到致病性大肠杆菌96株,应用微量平板凝集试验进行了血清型鉴定,共鉴定出18种血清型,其中优势血清型6种,分别为O78、O2、O15、O18、O143、O88,占定型致病性菌株的64％。抗菌药物敏感性试验发现,96株大肠杆菌对20种药物有不同程度的耐药性。75％以上的菌株对氨苄青霉素、阿莫西林、土霉素等5种抗菌药耐药,50％以上的菌株对卡那霉素、多西环素、环丙沙星等7种抗菌药表现为耐药;所有分离株存在多重耐药现象,75％的受检菌对9种或9种以上的被测药物耐药。结果表明,O78、O2、O15、O18、O143、O886种血清型是山东省部分地区近年来禽源致病性大肠杆菌的优势血清型,且禽源致病性大肠杆菌的耐药现象严重,有必要加强耐药性检测,以指导兽医临床合理使用抗菌药物。 相似文献
2.
禽病原性大肠杆菌1型菌毛主要亚单位结构基因的克隆、测序与表达 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
从禽源大肠杆菌037(O78)、166(O78)、120(O18)分离株和猪源大肠杆菌107／86分离株分别提取基因组DNA，并以此为聚合酶链反应(Polymerase chain reaction，PCR)的模板，扩增上述分离株的1型菌毛主要亚单位结构基因pilA，通过其编码的主要菌毛亚单位FimA蛋白氨基酸的序列比较发现：3个禽源株间FimA的同源性为94．3％至99．0％；禽源株和猪源株间FimA的同源性为89．6％至91．1％。通过对重组大肠杆菌的菌体裂解物的SDS-PAGE电泳分析及Western blot分析，禽源大肠杆菌O78 037株、O18 120株出现了一致的强反应，O78 166株反应较弱，而猪源大肠杆菌107／86株反应最弱。这些结果表明：禽源大肠杆菌与猪源大肠杆菌1型菌毛间存在抗原多样性，这种多样性甚至出现在禽病原性大肠杆菌同一血清型的2个不同分离株之间，如O78 037株O78 166株之间，尽管其FimA氨基酸的同源性很高，为99．0％。 相似文献
3.
大肠杆菌病是猪的重要细菌性疫病，它的发生形式为仔猪黄痢、仔猪白痢和仔猪水肿病三种形式。为了调查锦州地区猪大肠杆菌病的流行情况，从锦州地区的6个区县发病猪场采集36份疑似猪大肠杆菌病病料进行细菌的分离和生化鉴定，分离到致病性大肠杆菌30株。应用微量平板凝集试验，对分离的30株致病菌进行了血清型鉴定，鉴定出30株共有8种血清型O2、O5、O8、O60、O101、O138、O139、O141。致病性大肠杆菌菌株占疑似猪大肠杆菌病菌株的83．3％。该调查研究针对锦州地区防治猪大肠杆菌病菌苗和筛选防治猪大肠杆菌病敏感药物提供了依据。 相似文献
4.
为了解泉州地区猪源致病性大肠杆菌流行血清型分布及耐药性,无菌采集的患病仔猪肝脏、肛拭子和粪便等病料组织样品87份,通过细菌的分离鉴定得到了42株大肠杆菌,其中,30株为致病性大肠杆菌。利用玻板凝集法和K-B药敏纸片法分别检测30株猪源致病性大肠杆菌分离株的血清型和耐药性。结果显示,30株猪源致病性大肠杆菌分离株属于9个血清型中,定型的猪源致病性大肠杆菌分离株27株,定型率为90%(27/30),2株未鉴定出来,占分离菌菌株的64.3%(27/42),以O147和O141为该地区流行的优势血清型;30株猪源致病性大肠杆菌分离株对新霉素、环丙沙星、恩诺沙星等5种药物的耐药率在80.0%~100%之间,对克林霉素、多西环素、丁胺卡娜霉素等5种药物的耐药率在60.0%~73.3%之间;对其他的药物耐药率在33.3%~53.3%之间,且呈现多重耐药性。本研究为该地区的猪源致病性大肠杆菌病的防治提供了重要的参考价值。 相似文献
5.
《畜牧与兽医》2020,(8)
旨在研究徐州地区猪源大肠杆菌血清型分布及其耐药性。采集徐州周边猪场病料和样本117份,经分离纯化、PCR鉴定得到102株大肠杆菌。经血清型鉴定,致病性试验和耐药检测,O抗原血清型检出79株,分属18个血清型,其中O15、 O45、O78、O138 4种血清型分别占已定型血清菌株的17.7%、11.4%、13.9%和12.6%,合计占55.6%,为徐州周边地区优势血清型;强毒株25株,占O抗原菌株的31.6%,主要分布在O45、O15、O138 3种血清型;耐药率50%以上的药物多达17种,占到了临床常用药物85%,其中阿莫西林、氨苄西林钠、强力霉素、氟苯尼考、恩诺沙星、乳酸环丙沙星临床耐药尤其严重,高达80%以上。多重耐药菌株至少耐药12种以上,耐药谱型多达8种。研究表明,徐州地区猪源大肠杆菌检出率高,血清型复杂且致病性强,多重耐药现象严重,应结合本地菌株流行特点进行大肠杆菌病的防治。 相似文献
6.
研究从山西省主要养猪区80多个养猪场(户)的病死猪及疑似大肠杆菌病猪粪便、肠道、肛门等部位采集病料接种于营养琼脂平板、麦康凯琼脂平板、伊红美蓝培养基等纯化培养,将疑似菌落革兰氏染色、镜检;对初步分离菌经生化试验、致病性试验、大肠杆菌O抗原血清型鉴定等,对山西省流行的猪大肠杆菌病病原进行生物学特性研究。研究结果表明,病原菌纯化、镜检结果有123株疑似菌株符合猪大肠杆菌形态特征;生化试验中有8株病原菌产生H2S,有5株病原菌VP试验、枸橼酸盐利用试验是阳性,这13株病原菌不符合猪大肠杆菌的生化特性,其余110株病原菌符合大肠杆菌生化特性;致病性研究结果表明有97株病原菌是致病性猪大肠杆菌;大肠杆菌O抗原血清型鉴定结果:94株血清型分属于36个血清型,其中O138、O101、O9、O107、O141有35株,共占所鉴定分离菌株的37.2%,这几种血清型均为山西这80多个猪场目前流行的优势血清型,通过鉴定摸清了流行在山西省猪致病性大肠杆菌血清型特点、优势血清型菌株及分布状况。这一研究结果为山西省制定猪大肠杆菌病防治策略提供了依据。 相似文献
7.
《畜牧与兽医》2014,(8):94-97
对上海地区分离的199株猪源大肠杆菌分离株进行血清型鉴定和毒力因子检测,使用大肠杆菌标准抗O因子血清进行玻片凝集试验;采用普通和多重PCR方法,对分离株进行STa、STb、LT、Stx2e等4种肠毒素和K88、K99、987P、F18、F41等5种黏附素检测。结果:199株猪源大肠杆菌分离株有110株鉴定出血清型,占检测菌株的55.28%,覆盖了30种血清型,优势血清型为O8、O45、O64、O78、O138、O157、O163、O7+O8,占定型菌株的60%。共有32株大肠杆菌检测到毒力因子,阳性率为16.08%,检测出9种毒力因子。其中有21株单独检测到肠毒素,占65.63%,STa和STb+LT阳性的菌株分别为14和4;6株单独检测到黏附素,3株菌株K99阳性;5株同时检测到肠毒素和黏附素。在32株毒力基因阳性的大肠杆菌中,有15株血清型定型,覆盖7种血清型,其中O138、O7+O8与肠毒素STa相关,O8、O45与STb+LT相关。研究表明,上海地区猪源大肠杆菌分离株优势血清型至少覆盖了包括O8、O45、O64、O78、O138、O163等在内的8种血清型;大肠杆菌分离株以产肠毒素为主,主要毒力因子包括黏附素K99和肠毒素STa、STb+LT等。 相似文献
8.
采自云南昆明、曲靖、楚雄、大理、玉溪、保山等州(市)规模化养猪场疑似仔猪黄、白痢的病(死)猪直肠棉拭子、十二指肠和肠系膜淋巴结病料,分离158株大肠杆菌。通过40种主要致病性大肠埃希氏菌O抗原的血清型鉴定,除46株未能定型、6株自凝外,鉴定出106株分离株的O抗原血清型。这些分离株覆盖了23个血清型,其中O24、O119、O88、O8、O9、O85这6种血清型的菌株占总分离菌株的39.24%、占定型菌株的58.49%,为分离株的优势血清型。这些血清型与已报道的常见血清型间存在一定差异,O24、O119作为猪致病性大肠杆菌优势血清型在我国少见报道。 相似文献
9.
鸡源大肠杆菌的血清型分布与耐药性监测 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
对180株鸡源大肠杆菌分离菌株进行O血清型鉴定，鉴定出171个分离菌株的O血清型40种，占分离菌株的95％，其中O36血清型的菌株最多，有40株，占定型菌株的23．9％，为优势血清型菌株。采用微量稀释法药敏试验监测了180株鸡源大肠杆菌分离菌株对20种抗菌药物的耐药性，结果表明，除头孢曲松、头孢氨噻肟、头孢噻呋、阿米卡星、氟苯尼考外，分离菌株对其余15种抗生素均呈现出不同程度的耐药性，其中，172株大肠杆菌分离菌株对两种或多种抗生素有耐药性，对萘啶酸的耐药率最高(93．3％)，其次是四环素(88．9％)、氨苄青霉素(72．8％)、阿莫西林(7l、7％)、罗比沙星(64.4％)、沙拉沙星(62．8％)。大多数分离株对氟喹诺酮类药物有很高的耐药率(52．9％～93．3％)，并表现出多重耐药性，124株分离株表现为对2种以上氟喹诺酮类药物的耐药性。 相似文献
10.
11.
为了解陕西省宁强县部分地区引起仔猪黄白痢的致病性大肠埃希菌的主要血清型及其主要毒力因子,用细菌分离培养方法,从宁强县5个猪场采集的60份有疑似黄白痢症状仔猪的肛门拭子中分离出20个大肠埃希菌菌株。经菌落形态观察、革兰染色镜检、培养特性、生化试验、血清型鉴定,确定分离菌株均为致病性大肠埃希菌。血清分型表明,20个分离菌株中有18株能确定血清型,分布在7个血清型中,其中优势血清型为O8(8株),占总数的40%。药物敏感性试验表明,分离菌株对临床常用药物具有抗药性。毒力因子的PCR检测结果表明,分离菌株均不携带STa、STb、LT和SLT-2e四个毒力基因。 相似文献
12.
辽宁猪源大肠埃希菌的分离鉴定与药敏试验 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
为了调查辽宁省不同地区猪源大肠杆菌病的流行和耐药情况,无菌采集临床疑似大肠杆菌病病死猪或患病猪病料65份,经细菌分离培养及生化试验,共分离到65株大肠埃希菌,分离率为100%。对分离到的菌株进行药物敏感试验及超广谱β内酰胺酶(ESBLs)筛选和确证试验,结果显示,辽宁地区分离株均表现出不同程度的耐药,耐药菌株占98.46%,其中对四环素、青霉素及氨苄西林的耐药率分别为93.33%、81.54%和80.00%;对甲氧苄啶、磺胺异恶唑、氯霉素、恩诺沙星耐药性较高,分别为74.29%、74.29%、69.23%和68.57%;对米诺霉素及多粘菌素B较为敏感,耐药率仅为10%和9.23%;分离株多药耐药率较高,达92.31%。ESBLs确证试验结果发现,辽宁省分离株中29.23%的菌株能产生ESBLs。说明辽宁地区猪大肠埃希菌流行情况较为广泛,耐药情况较为严重。 相似文献
13.
青海省部分仔猪水肿病病原的血清型鉴定 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
就青海省仔猪水肿病多发区分离鉴定的45株溶血性大肠杆菌进行了血清学定型，结果表明：已鉴定出血清型的菌株33株，占73．3％，12株未定出血清型，占26．7％；其中O8 10株(22．2％)，O25 1株(2．2％)，O101 1株(2．2％)，O138 3株(6．7％)，O139 7株(15．5％)，O141 5株(11．1％)，O149 6株(13．3％)。O抗原优势菌株分别为：O8、O139、O141、O139，占全部菌数的62．2％。 相似文献
14.
The P fimbriae F11 and F165 that have been demonstrated on Escherichia coli septicaemic strains in poultry and calves, respectively, possess a nearly identical major subunit that demonstrates a serological cross-reaction. A polyclonal antibody-based sandwich ELISA (sELISA) that was specific for both F11 and F165 fimbriated strains was compared with a PCR method to detect F11/F165 fimbriated strains, in a collection of E. coli strains isolated from diseased animals. Of 298 isolates tested, 36 were positive by PCR of which only 14 were sELISA positive. There were no sELISA positive but PCR negative results. The 36 PCR positive isolates comprised 11 avian strains of which 10 were sELISA positive, 20 bovine strains of which 4 were sELISA positive and 3 ovine strains, 1 porcine strain and 1 equine strain all of which were sELISA negative. The F11/F165 incidence of 10.7% in 103 poultry and 18.3% in 109 bovine isolates demonstrates a moderate level of these factors in E. coli septicaemic cases in Northern Ireland. 相似文献
15.
165 (93.7%) of 175 E. coli strains isolated from various materials of different animal species were correctly identified as E. coli with help of commercially available Bactident E. coli (E. Merck, D-6100 Darmstadt). Further 52 strains of the family of Enterobacteriaceae (2x Providencia sp., 2x Salmonella sp., 7 Citrobacter sp., 9 Proteus sp., 15 Klebsiella sp., 17 Enterobacter sp.) were correctly not identified as E. coli by this test. Bactident E. coli is a suitable test for rapid identification of E. coli in veterinary bacteriology. 相似文献
16.
Sun ZF Huang FF Halbur PG Schommer SK Pierson FW Toth TE Meng XJ 《Veterinary microbiology》2003,96(2):165-176
Hepatitis E virus (HEV), the causative agent of human hepatitis E, is an important public health problem in many developing countries and is also endemic in many industrialized countries including the US. The discoveries of avian and swine HEVs by our group from chickens and pigs, respectively, suggest that hepatitis E may be a zoonosis. Current methods for molecular epidemiological studies of HEV require PCR amplification of field strains of HEV followed by DNA sequencing and sequence analyses, which are laborious and expensive. As novel or variant strains of HEV continue to evolve rapidly both in humans and other animals, it is important to develop a rapid pre-sequencing screening method to select field isolates for further molecular characterization. In this study, we developed two heteroduplex mobility assays (HMA) (one for swine HEV based on the ORF2 region, and the other for avian HEV based on the ORF1 region) to genetically differentiate field strains of avian and swine HEVs from known reference strains. The ORF2 regions of 22 swine HEV isolates and the ORF1 regions of 13 avian HEV isolates were amplified by PCR, sequenced and analyzed by HMA against reference prototype swine HEV strain and reference prototype avian HEV strain, respectively. We showed that, in general, the HMA profiles correlate well with nucleotide sequence identities and with phylogenetic clustering between field strains and the reference swine HEV or avian HEV strains. Field isolates with similar HMA patterns generally showed similar sequence identities with the reference strains and clustered together in the phylogenetic trees. Therefore, by using different HEV isolates as references, the HMA developed in this study can be used as a pre-sequencing screening tool to identify variant HEV isolates for further molecular epidemiological studies. 相似文献
17.
为了调查新疆某规模化奶牛场犊牛腹泻的原因并确定病原,无菌采集15份腹泻犊牛粪样进行病原的分离培养,采用形态学观察、生化试验、血清学和致病性分析等方法鉴定分离菌株,利用大肠杆菌16S rRNA通用引物进行基因序列扩增并测序,使用DNAStar软件将分离菌株测序结果与GenBank中的其他菌株序列进行同源性比对,采用Mega 6.0软件依据16S rRNA序列构建分离株系统进化树并进行分析,同时对分离菌株的黏附性基因进行鉴定。结果从15份样品中分离获得2株分离菌株;试验显示,分离株均发酵葡萄糖,MR试验、吲哚和甲基红试验呈阳性,硫化氢、氧化酶、DNA酶、VP试验呈阴性。2株分离菌株血清型均为O78,且均具有致病性。药敏试验显示,分离菌株均对环丙沙星、卡那霉素、氟哌酸、庆大霉素、磺胺甲唑、头孢哌酮、壮观霉素、多黏菌素B、呋喃妥因敏感。分离株16S rRNA基因序列与大肠杆菌菌株NF738(GenBank登录号:MT649856)同源性为≥99.7%,且处于同一大分支。经PCR鉴定,分离菌株具有K88黏附性基因。本研究结果证实了引起新疆某规模化奶牛场犊牛腹泻的病原为致病性产肠毒素型大肠杆菌。 相似文献
18.
本试验旨在研究β-内酰胺酶抑制剂舒巴坦、外排泵抑制剂利血平及膜通透促进剂乙二胺四乙酸二钠(EDTA)对鸭源大肠杆菌抗菌药物敏感性的影响。采用微量肉汤稀释法测定8株多重耐药鸭源大肠杆菌对头孢噻呋钠、恩诺沙星、阿米卡星、氟苯尼考、多西环素及其与舒巴坦、利血平和EDTA联用的最小抑菌浓度(MIC)。结果表明,舒巴坦能使5株鸭源大肠杆菌对头孢噻呋钠的MIC值下降4倍以上;利血平仅能使3株菌株对头孢噻呋钠的MIC值下降4倍以上;而EDTA能使7、5、3、6、8株菌对以上5种药物的MIC下降4倍以上;舒巴坦+利血平使4株菌株对头孢噻呋钠的MIC下降4倍以上,使5株菌株对氟苯尼考的MIC下降4倍以上;舒巴坦+EDTA使鸭源大肠杆菌对以上5类药物的MIC大幅度下降,分别使8、5、2、8、8株菌MIC下降4倍以上;利血平+EDTA使7株菌株对恩诺沙星MIC下降4倍以上,使所有分离株对其余4种药物的MIC显著下降;舒巴坦+利血平+EDTA和5类药物联用后,所用分离株的MIC下降4倍以上。由此可见,引起鸭源大肠杆菌对以上抗菌药物的耐药原因主要包括细胞膜通透性的下降、药物的主动外排作用和产生β-内酰胺酶的破坏作用,三者相协同提高了鸭源大肠杆菌的耐药水平。 相似文献
19.
Conservation of deduced amino acid sequence of FimH among Escherichia coli of bovine, porcine and avian disease origin 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
The FimH subunit of type 1 pili mediates adhesion of Escherichia coli to epithelium in different animal hosts. In this study, we sequenced and analyzed the fimH genes of 24 E. coli strains from bovine and porcine clinical cases. The obtained sequences were compared among each other and also with 24 known fimH sequences from avian E. coli strains. This comparison revealed a substantial homology (>99%) among strains from the different animal species origins. Moreover, specific mutations were found, some of which were present more frequently in avian strains or in bovine and porcine strains. 相似文献
20.
In early 2007, H2N3 influenza virus was isolated from a duck and a chicken in two separate poultry flocks in Ohio. Since the same subtype influenza virus with hemagglutinin (H) and neuraminidase (N) genes of avian lineage was also identified in a swine herd in Missouri in 2006, the objective of this study was to characterize and compare the genetic, antigenic, and biologic properties of the avian and swine isolates. Avian isolates were low pathogenic by in vivo chicken pathogenicity testing. Sequencing and phylogenetic analyses revealed that all genes of the avian isolates were comprised of avian lineages, whereas the swine isolates contained contemporary swine internal gene segments, demonstrating that the avian H2N3 viruses were not directly derived from the swine virus. Sequence comparisons for the H and N genes demonstrated that the avian isolates were similar but not identical to the swine isolates. Accordingly, the avian and swine isolates were also antigenically related as determined by hemagglutination-inhibition (HI) and virus neutralization assays, suggesting that both avian and swine isolates originated from the same group of H2N3 avian influenza viruses. Although serological surveys using the HI assay on poultry flocks and swine herds in Ohio did not reveal further spread of H2 virus from the index flocks, surveillance is important to ensure the virus is not reintroduced to domestic swine or poultry. Contemporary H2N3 avian influenza viruses appear to be easily adaptable to unnatural hosts such as poultry and swine, raising concern regarding the potential for interspecies transmission of avian viruses to humans. 相似文献