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1.
为评估不同激素诱导花鳗鲡卵巢发育的效果并探究促性腺激素在花鳗鲡发育过程中的作用,实验比较了不同激素组合处理后花鳗鲡性体指数(gonadosomatic index,GSI)的变化,并采用实时荧光定量PCR(qRT-PCR)对处于不同发育阶段雌鱼脑垂体中促性腺激素基因GtHα(促性腺激素亚基),LHβ(促黄体生成素亚基)及FSHβ(卵泡刺激素亚基)的表达进行了定量研究.结果发现,鲤脑垂体萃取液(CPE)与人类绒毛膜促性腺激素(hCG)组合能够有效促使雌性花鳗鲡性腺发育成熟,GSI平均达22.9％,与对照组相比差异显著.单独注射雄烯二酮(ADSD)和注射ADSD、CPE、hCG混合制剂诱导效果不明显,GSI仅为1％ ～3％.荧光定量发现,经CPE与hCG处理的亲鱼LHβ和GtHα的表达量不断上调,其中发育早期GtHα的表达量极显著升高,而FSHβ的表达量呈现下调趋势.研究表明,CPE与hCG组合注射能够成功诱导花鳗鲡卵巢发育成熟,而ADSD对花鳗鲡卵巢发育无明显促进作用.LH在花鳗鲡卵巢发育整个过程中扮演重要角色;FSH在花鳗鲡性腺发育早期作用显著,可能是诱导鳗鲡性腺早期发育的关键因素. 相似文献
2.
雄烯二酮和甲基睾酮诱导雌性日本鳗鲡性腺发育的反馈调节作用 总被引：3，自引：1，他引：2
采用间隔15d多次埋植雄激素雄烯二酮(4-androstene-3,17-dine,ADSD)或甲基睾酮(17α-methyl-testosterone,MT)诱导雌性日本鳗鲡(Anguilla japonica)性腺发育成熟;并着重研究埋植雄激素后,雌鳗血清中促性腺激素(GtH)及脑和垂体中哺乳类促性腺激素释放激素(mGnRH)含量的动态变化.一次或多次埋植ADSD后,1～5d的血清GtH含量上升,然后下降;并且,血清GtH含量上升的幅度随埋植次数的增加而增加;对于MT处理组,只在埋植7次后第15天测得血清GtH水平显著高于对照组,但仍显著低于ADSD处理组.这表明埋植ADSD和MT可促进GtH的分泌,但两者促进GtH分泌的作用存在显著差异.埋植ADSD 1d后,脑和垂体中mGnRH含量明显增加,第2天后和对照组无明显差别,表明ADSD促进了mGnRH的合成,并可能有一定程度的释放.研究表明雄激素对性腺未发育成熟的雌性日本鳗鲡在脑和垂体两个水平存在正反馈调节作用. 相似文献
3.
用含HCG及鲤脑垂体（PG）匀浆液提取物（CPE）的W／O／W复乳，对塘养雌鳗进行注射催熟实验，雌鳗平均GSI达35．18％，最高达56．5％，其催熟效果较常规注射方法（平均GSI 27．9％，最高50．4％）好，用含LHRH－A，HCG，CPE的复乳和DOM生理盐水混悬剂对部分达到性成熟的鳗鲡进行催产，用W／O／W复乳诱导成熟的鳗鲡，排卵率为75％，用常规方法催熟的鳗鲡排卵率为55％，注射复乳制剂后，鳗鲡血清GtH含量可较长时间的保持较高水平，血清GtH的变化较常规注射方法缓和，注射乳剂还可使鳗鲡脑垂体GtH含量升高。 相似文献
4.
探讨了间隔15d多次埋植雄烯二酮（4－androstene-3,17-dine,ADSD)或甲基睾酮（17α-methyl-testosterone,MT)诱导日本鳗鲡性腺发育过程中，血清睾酮（testosterone,T)和17β－雌二醇（17β-estradiol,17β-E2）含量的变化。在雌鳗中，埋植ADSD后血清T和17β-E2含量显著升高，随后缓慢下降；埋植后第15d的血清T含量随埋植次数的增加呈下降趋势，而血清17β-E2含量随埋植次数的增加而逐渐增加。埋植MT则使雌鳗血清中T含量显著降低，而雌鳗血清17β-E2含量在埋植MT2次后显著升高。在雄鳗中，埋植ADSD后第15天的血清T和17β－E2水平均显著升高，并随埋植次数的增加而增加；而埋植MT后第15天的血清T含量也显著升高，并随埋植次数的增加而增加，但血清17β-E2水平仅在埋植第3次后显著高于对照组。研究结果表明：埋植ADSD和MT对日本鳗鲡血清T和17β-E2的影响存在明显的性别差异。 相似文献
5.
鱼类促性腺激素(GtH)的分泌和生殖活动已经证明为双重的神经内分泌系统所调节，即促性腺激素释放激素(GnRH)刺激GtH分泌和多巴胺作为促性腺激素释放的抑制因素(GRIF)抑制GnRH的作用以及GtH的自行释放。我们先前对养殖鱼类的研究已证明多巴胺受体的拮抗物(如pimozide，PIM)，排除剂(如reserpine，RES)和多巴胺合成抑制剂都能显著增强LRH-A诱导GtH分泌和排卵的作用。 相似文献
6.
人工诱导花鳗鲡卵巢发育成熟及相关激素和组织的作用 总被引：3，自引：2，他引：1
采用多次肌肉注射黄体生成素释放激素(luteinizing hormone releasing hormone,LHRH-A2)和鲤脑垂体匀浆(carp pituitary extract,CPE)的方法诱导花鳗鲡卵巢发育成熟。在任意挑选的15尾实验组鱼中,5尾卵巢发育完全成熟,平均性腺系数(gonadosomatic index,GSI)为(20.9±5.04)%(最大达到27.3%);5尾卵巢发育至成熟期,平均GSI为(7.2±2.86)%;5尾卵巢发育至卵黄生成期,平均GSI为(2.32±1.5)%;而对照组的性腺停留在未发育的Ⅱ期[GSI为(1.18±0.39)%],这表明注射的激素能诱导雌性花鳗鲡性腺发育直到完全成熟。检测卵巢发育过程中脑垂体GtH的mRNA水平,血清中类固醇激素水平以及肝脏和消化道组织学变化。结果表明,脑垂体中GtHα、LHβ和FSHβ的mRNA水平随着卵巢的发育而逐渐增加,在卵巢发育成熟后下降,其中GtHα和LHβ的含量在卵巢发育成熟时虽比发育时期略有下降,但仍然呈现高表达量,而FSHβ在卵巢发育成熟时的表达量极低,几乎检测不到。血清雌二醇的含量在卵巢开始发育和卵黄生成期时的含量... 相似文献
7.
为证明日本鳗鲡(Anguilla japonica)生活史最后一步一产后鳗的命运,本研究模拟产后的日本鳗鲡继续在海水中养殖,观察其存活率及繁育情况.结果表明,产后鳗在海水中停食约18 d后,体能得到恢复,部分亲鱼开始出现摄食,1个月左右全部恢复摄食,经244 d养殖,雌、雄鳗体质量增加,存活率达94.6%.随后,给产后鳗注射外源性促性腺激素(鲤鱼脑垂体匀浆CPE和人绒毛膜促性腺激素HCG)后激发其退化的性腺(卵巢和精巢)重新发育(与当年银鳗作对照).通过性腺组织切片观察产后鳗和对照鳗性腺发育成熟的全过程及其差异,发现产后鳗起初性腺发育比当年银鳗差,但经多次注射激素后,产后鳗性腺成熟与当年银鳗同步,证明产后鳗生殖细胞对激素的敏感件高.应用17α,20β-双羟孕酮和促性腺激素释放激素类似物(GnRH-A3)使催熟的产后鳗和对照鳗均产卵和排精,并孵化出仔鱼,从而有力地证明,鳗鲡产后虽体质弱,但待体能恢复后能够继续生存和繁殖.本研究旨在探讨利用产后鳗作为今后鳗鲡人工繁殖亲鳗的可行性. 相似文献
8.
1．冻冻干型鱼用绒毛膜促性膝激素(HCG)[用途]：促使鱼类卵胞发育成熟和诱导排卵，对雄鱼有促进雄性激素分泌的作用。 相似文献
9.
介绍系用提高水温和注射HCG使怀卵金鱼达到较高的排卵率的实验技术。如果在注射HCG(4Iu／g)6小时后再注射IM(10ng／g)能完全抑制排卵；未排出的卵母细胞迅速进入黄体萎缩。在鱼类用iM和HCG处理后。PGE1，PGE2α和PGF2α(5ug／g腹腔注射)能诱导排卵，当注射HCG11小时后注射PGE2是最有效的。这个实验结果认为在HCG刺激后，前列腺素的排卵作用是在卵巢水平，并且限制在注射促性腺激素后7和12小时之间的时期内。 相似文献
10.
用蛋白质快速液相层析(FPLC)分离俄罗斯鲟鱼脑垂体促性腺激素（GtH），共获得GtH纯化蛋白4.6mg。用SDS-PAGE变性胶电泳图谱初步分析纯化蛋白，用反相高效液相色谱（rpHPLC）分离出两个亚基，质谱测定α亚基分子量：15603KD，两个β亚基分子量分别为14338KD和14694KD。制备了鲟鱼GtH的兔抗血清多克隆抗体，采用氯胺T法用125I标记抗原，用羊抗兔γ球蛋白做二抗，建立鲟鱼GtH的放射免疫测定方法。测定了催产前后不同时间史氏鲟血清中GtH含量的变化，统计分析表明成功排卵的雌鱼比未排卵和阴性对照组在催产后12小时和16小时GTH分泌量升高显著，最高达到234ng/ml；催产效应时间与催产后血清中GtH的含量紧密相关。 相似文献
11.
鲤脑垂体匀浆液和人绒毛膜促性腺激_省略_性腺激素及性类固醇激素含量的影响 总被引：7，自引：0，他引：7
雄鳗注射５－６次、雌鳗注射９－１０次鲤脑体匀浆液（ＣＰＥ）＋人绒毛膜促性腺激素（ＨＣＧ）能分别诱导精巢和卵巢发育成熟。在雌雄鳗鲡,注射ＣＰＥ＋ＨＣＧ可显著增加端脑、间脑、中脑和下丘脑ｍＧｎＲＨ的含量,而对后脑和延髓ｍＧｎＲＨ的影响较小;注射ＣＰＥ＋ＨＣＧ增加雄鳗后脑和延髓ｃＧｎＲＨ－Ⅱ含量,对雌鳗脑区ｃＧｎＲＨ－Ⅱ则无显著影响。雌雄鳗鲡每次注射ＣＰＥ＋ＨＣＧ后１天,血清促性腺激素（ＧｔＨ）急剧上升 相似文献
12.
Wild female catfish Silurus asotus (Linnaeus, 1758) were injected with domperidone (DOM) alone, [d ‐Ala6, Pro9 Net]‐luteinizing hormone‐releasing hormone (LHRH‐A) alone once or twice, LHRH‐A plus DOM once or twice simultaneously at 6‐h intervals, LHRH‐A plus carp pituitary extract (CPE) twice simultaneously at 6‐h intervals and LHRH‐A plus human chorionic gonadotropin (HCG) twice simultaneously 6 h apart respectively. The results indicated that injection of LHRH‐A at a dosage of 0.01–0.02 μg g?1 body weight (BWt) alone induced a low but significant increase in serum gonadotropin (GtH) (P<0.05) and resulted in a very low ovulation rate, while DOM at a dosage of 5 μg g?1 BWt alone did not induce an increase in the serum GtH levels and ovulation; in contrast, LHRH‐A at a dosage of 0.01 μg g?1 BWt plus DOM at a dosage of 5 μg g?1 BWt (termed the Linpe technique) increased the serum GtH (P<0.05) significantly and induced an ovulatory rate of 100%, while LHRH‐A plus CPE or HCG resulted in an increase in the serum GtH (P<0.05) and high ovulatory rate, although the latency period was longer when fish were given LHRH‐A plus HCG or CPE. 相似文献
13.
H. Asanuma H. Ohashi H. Matsubara S. Ijiri T. Matsubara T. Todo S. Adachi K. Yamauchi 《Fish physiology and biochemistry》2003,28(1-4):383-384
Isolated hepatocytes from male Japanese eel at various stages of human chorionic gonadotropin (HCG)-induced spermatogenesis were cultured in the presence of estradiol-17β (E2). Hepatic vitellogenin (VTG) production in response to E2 increased during testicular development. This indicates that VTG production is influenced by gonadal maturity not only in females but also in males, where serum levels of 11-ketotestosterone (11KT) increase during testicular development. Recently, it has been confirmed that significant levels of 11KT are detected in maturing female eel. Therefore, in a next experiment, effect of 11KT on E2-induced VTG production was examined in vitro. As a result, in both male and female hepatocytes, 11KT enhanced E2-induced VTG production, although 11KT alone failed to induce VTG production. 相似文献
14.
用兔抗促黄体素生成素受体(LHR)或称绒毛膜促性腺激素受体(CGR)、雌激素受体(ER)和孕激素受体(PR)的抗体对LHR,ER和PR进行免疫组织化学定位。目的在于揭示外源性促性腺激素(鲤鱼脑垂体提取物,CPE和人绒毛膜促性腺激素,hCG)诱发日本鳗鲡卵子发生和卵母细胞成熟的内分泌机制。结果表明,注射激素前后卵巢发育和卵子发生出现了十分显著的变化。卵巢组织学切片观察显示激素处理前鳗鲡卵巢发育处于卵黄发生早期,卵母细胞平均直径(220±0.01)μm。第一次注射这两种激素后10d,实验组卵母细胞中卵黄核分散在核的周围,核仁数量显著增加,多达18～20个左右,而对照组8～10个。第3和4次激素处理后,卵母细胞发育进入卵黄发生早-中期至中期,卵黄颗粒数量增加。第6和7次激素处理后,卵母细胞进入卵黄发生中后期到成熟期,卵母细胞胞质中充满卵黄颗粒,胞径和核径增加,分别为(570±1.39)μm和(128±1.19)μm,而对照组没有变化。其次,免疫组织化学染色结果显示LHR、ER和PR均定位在鳗鲡卵巢中卵母细胞胞质、核膜、核质、卵被膜和体细胞上。这里值得指出的是,从第3次和第4次激素处理后,这三种受体的定位各有特点,L... 相似文献
15.
Lunar cycles and reproductive activity in reef fishes with particular attention to rabbitfishes 总被引：7，自引：0，他引：7
Akihiro Takemura Md. Saydur Rahman Sigeo Nakamura Young Ju Park & Kazunori Takano 《Fish and Fisheries》2004,5(4):317-328
Cues from the moon influence synchrony in growth, feeding, migration, behaviour and reproduction of many reef fishes. Compared with comprehensive studies on the annual and daily activities of fish, few physiological studies have paid attention to the importance of lunar cues in reproductive activities. We review mutual and interesting relationships between fish reproduction and environmental changes induced by the moon, with particular emphasis on the reproductive activity of the rabbitfishes (Siganidae). Rabbitfish species exhibit, in nature, a definitive reproductive season, which differs among the tropical areas. During the reproductive season, synchronous spawning of rabbitfish is associated with a particular lunar phase. The lunar phase used by the respective species is similar in different regions on the earth. Histological observations revealed that gonads develop synchronously towards a peak around the spawning lunar phase, after which the gonads return to spent condition. Concomitant with gonadal development, sex steroid hormones were produced under the influence of gonadotropin (GtH). Injections of human chronic gonadotropin (hCG) to the fish that are undergoing active spermatogenesis accelerated testicular maturation. These results suggest that hormonal response in maturing the gonads in rabbitfish is under the regulation of GtH, and that pituitary secretion of GtH according to the lunar cycle accounts for the lunar rhythm in gonadal development. We speculate that the cues from the moon can be recognized by the higher parts of the hypothalamus–pituitary–gonadal axis. Possible relationships between exogenous environmental factors and the lunar‐reproductive rhythm are also discussed. 相似文献
16.
采用海藻酸钠(Na Alg)-HCG缓释制剂进行激素埋植实验。实验开始时,雌性金鱼(Carassius auratus)卵母细胞处于Ⅲ期。实验期间记录雌性金鱼性腺发育、放免(RIA)法测定血清性激素含量并且通过RT-PCR检测激素相关基因表达。结果表明,埋植Na Alg-HCG缓释激素后,雌性金鱼性成熟系数(GSI)在6-21 d显著高于对照组,血清睾酮(T)和雌二醇(E2)水平在6-30 d显著高于对照组;性腺芳香化酶基因(CYP19A基因)和雌激素受体基因(ERα基因)m RNA相对表达量分别在2-21 d、14-30 d内显著高于对照组,其性腺GH基因m RNA相对表达量变化不显著。研究结果显示,一次性埋植Na Alg-HCG缓释制剂,与雌性金鱼繁殖相关的生物学指标、激素水平、基因表达量较对照组产生明显变化,同时这种缓释制剂可以作为埋植激素的载体。 相似文献
17.
18.
The initial appearance and the development of Leydig cells (LCs), the sites of steroid hormone production in the testis, were investigated ultrastructurally during testicular differentiation in the Japanese eel, Anguilla japonica. In addition, the effects of a single injection of human chorionic gonadotropin (HCG; 5 IU g body weight-1) on histological changes of the testes and serum 11-ketotestosterone (11-KT) were examined at various stages (15–18, 20–23, 26–29, 32–35, 38–41 and 46–50 cm body length (BL)) of testicular differentiation. Testicular differentiation was morphologically characterized by the development of loose connective tissue on the medial side in animals 18–29 cm in BL. Ultrastructurally, LCs were first identified in the loose connective tissue of the testis of the 23 cm fish. In the testes of fish over 32 cm, clusters of LCs were distributed throughout the interstitial region accompanying the increase in number of spermatogonia. In fish larger than 32 cm, spermatogenesis was induced by administration of HCG; serum 11-KT levels were also raised. On the other hand, there was no effect on spermatogenesis or serum 11-KT levels in fish less than 29 cm, or in the controls. These result suggests that morphological differentiation of LCs occurs in testis of the 23 cm eel, and subsequently, the testes of eels of BL more than 32 cm acquire the capability to produce steroid hormones. 相似文献