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兰州百合叶枯病病原菌形态特征及生物学特性研究 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
百合叶枯病是兰州百合生产中的主要叶部病害,在多雨年份危害尤其严重。由于2012 年
6～8 月降水偏多,兰州百合叶枯病大发生,至8 月中旬重病田兰州百合枯死株率达50%～70%,部分田
块兰州百合地上部全部枯死。经致病性测定和形态特征比对,将兰州百合叶枯病病原菌鉴定为椭圆葡萄孢
Botrytis elliptica（Berk.） Cooke。病菌菌丝在5～30 ℃均可生长,适宜生长温度为20～25 ℃ ;30 ℃菌
丝生长受抑制,菌丝褐化;35 ℃菌丝不生长,但在35 ℃培养7 d 后转放至20 ℃培养,可于5 d 后恢复生
长。菌 核产生温度为5～25 ℃,菌核的产生时间、位置及大小在不同菌株、不同培养温度及同一菌株的不
同重复间均存在较大的变幅。性孢子稀少至极丰富。分生孢子在自来水中20 ℃条件下3～5 h 即开始萌发,
15 h 萌发率达50%～99%,通常萌发产生1～2 个芽管,并在孢子中间形成0～2 个隔膜。 相似文献
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《中国食用菌》2016,(4)
以可正常出菇的梯棱羊肚菌M83和不能正常出菇的梯棱羊肚菌M101作为供试菌株,对2种菌株在不同的温度、p H、光照、碳源、氮源上的菌丝生长速度、长势及菌核生长情况等进行分析和比较。结果表明,2种菌株菌丝的最适生长温度为15℃~25℃,但M83菌丝在5℃~30℃能正常生长,而M101菌丝在30℃不能正常生长;2种供试菌株菌丝生长最适p H为7~8,M83的生长速度明显快于M101;2种菌株菌丝在黑暗条件下的生长速度、长势均优于光暗交替条件;2种菌株可利用多种碳源和氮源,但M83对麦芽糖和可溶性淀粉的利用能力显著强于M101;2种菌株菌丝生长最适氮源为蛋白胨,对硝态氮的利用能力均强于对铵态氮的利用。 相似文献
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高温蘑菇浙Ag HWZ—1生物学特性的研究 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
浙Ag HWZ-1是一株性状与大肥茹（Agaricus bitorquis）相似,风味近似于双孢蘑菇（A.bisporus）的高温四孢蘑菇菌株。出菇适宜温度为27～30℃,菌丝生长温度18～34℃,最适为27℃,为至今国内报道的出菇温度最高的蘑菇菌株。PH值范围为4～9,最近为6。基质（棉籽壳）最适含水量为60～66％。菌丝在黑暗下生长良好,光照对菌丝生长具抑制作用,高浓度CO_2可促进菌丝生长,子实体纽结和发育仅需很少的新鲜空气。菌株对碳源利用以麦芽糖为优,淀粉、乳糖和甲基纤维素较差;有机氮比无机氮更有利于菌丝生长,以酵母粉最优,尿素最差。菌丝在供试的三种基质上均能生长,在麦粒上生长最快。 相似文献
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真姬菇融合菌株生物学特性及生产性能的研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
运用原生质体融合与漆酶转化体系筛选到一株真姬菇融合菌株(金山1号),研究了不同培养基配方、温度、pH及含水量对该菌株菌丝生长的影响,并对该菌株的漆酶活性、生产特性进行了初步分析。结果表明,金山1号在PDA胡萝卜培养基上菌丝生长最快、活力较强,菌丝最适生长温度为25℃,最适pH为6.5,最适含水量60%～65%,漆酶活力为3.95 U·mL-1,生产周期可缩短3 d～5 d,生物学效率72.86%,与真姬菇相比提高了17.15%,表现出该融合菌株具有良好的生产应用价值。 相似文献
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温度是影响黑木耳菌丝生长的主要因素之一。在适宜温度下,黑木耳菌丝生长迅速、健壮,抗逆性强。据报道,黑木耳菌丝生长最适温度为20～32℃,33℃以上对菌丝生长不利。也有报道,最适温度为24～32℃,达38℃菌丝即受到抑制。此外,还有不同温度的报道资料,不一一列出了。我们于1984年7、8月,在一间西晒的小房里栽培黑木耳,白天温度达35℃以上,菌丝生长仍然良好,9月中旬正常出耳。本文叙述了该菌株在不同温度条件下,菌丝的生长情况。供试菌种引自湖南益阳县微生物所的黑木耳7号菌株。试验采用直径9厘米的培养皿,装棉籽壳培养基30克(含水量60％),经20磅/cm~2灭菌1小 相似文献
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鸡腿菇的快速制种技术 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
我所于 1999～ 2 0 0 0年引进 2个鸡腿菇菌株 ,进行制种与栽培试验 ,已获成功。本文主要介绍其制种技术及注意事项。1 生长特性 鸡腿菇是一种中温型菌类 ,孢子萌发适宜温度为 2 2～ 2 6℃ ,以 2 4℃左右萌发最快 ;菌丝耐低温能力强 ,其生长温度 3～ 3 5℃,最适 2 4～ 2 6℃。菌丝体生长期培养基适宜含水量为 65 % ,经发酵的培养料含水量 70 %时菌丝生长仍旺盛。菌丝生长不需要光线 ,但子实体生长阶段需适量散射光 ,一般 70～ 80 lx即可。鸡腿菇又是一种好氧性腐生菌 ,生长中需要大量氧气。菌丝在 p H4～9均能生长 ,最适 p H6.5～ 7.5。… 相似文献
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白灵菇菌丝发育生长期管理要点 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
白灵菇属高档珍稀菇类 ,具有很高的食用价值和药用价值。近年来白灵菇产品在国内、外市场供不应求 ,售价昂贵 ,为了满足市场需求 ,近两年人工栽培白灵菇迅猛发展 ,由于部分栽培者在白灵菇养菌期间失误 ,造成失败 ,付出惨重经济代价。为此笔者依据多年的实践 ,阐述对白灵菇菌丝生长发育期的见解 ,供栽培者参考。1 升温期 接种后的 1～ 7d ,为升温期管理 ,白灵菇菌丝生长温度 5～ 37℃的范围温度 ,2 5～ 30℃为峰值温度 ,15～ 2 5℃为安全温度 ,32～ 35℃为危险温度 ,5℃以下 37℃以上为极限温度 ,在 2 5～ 2 8℃接种 2 4h后菌种就开始萌发 … 相似文献
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AIM: Although endovascular radiotherapy inhibits neointimal hyperplasia, the exact alterations induced by β-particles irradiation remain to be elucidated. The objective of this study was to investigate the ability and the cellular mechanism of local β-particles emission from 188Re to inhibit vascular smooth muscle cells (SMCs). METHODS: The SMCs in vitro were irradiated by 188Re with single doses of 2.6 Gy-25.8 Gy. The effects of β-particles on SMCs, such as effective irradiate doses, the period of inhibition for SMCs proliferation, the changes of cell proliferation rate and DNA synthesis rate, cell cycle progression and related gene expression, were investigated by cell count, [3H]-TdR incorporation, cell cycle progression analysis, cell viability and immunocytochemistry, respectivecy. RESULTS: β-particles irradiation with dose of 5.2 Gy could inhibit significantly SMCs proliferation. At dose of 20.6 Gy DNA synthesis inhibitory rate was 92%, SMCs proliferation rate was only 3%. Renoval of 188Re did not abolish the inhibitory effects of β-particles on SMCs proliferation. The expression of P53 was up regulation and PCNA was down regulation after irradiation. CONCLUSION: β-particles from 188 Re was significantly effective and permanent in inhibiting SMCs proliferation, and inhibitory effect was in dose-dependet manner ED50was 5 Gy, the best dose to inhibit SMCs proliferation was 20 Gy. β-particles irradiation induced SMCs to occur G0/G1 arrest, damaged the ability of SMCs reproliferation and led to cell clonogenic death. P53 and PCNA had regulatiory effects on SMCs proliferation after β-particles irradiation. 相似文献
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AIM:To study the effect of L-Arg on plasma content of endothelin (ET) and the expression of proto-oncogene c-fos mRNA in the left ventricle of rats with renovascular hypertensive hypertrophy. METHODS: The level of c-fos mRNA were measured by in situ hybridization. The ET in plasma were measured by radioimmunoassay. RESULTS:After eight weeks of treatment with L-Arg, the expression of c-fos decreased markedly (P＜0.01). The ET content in plasma also decreased significantly by L-Arg(P＜0.01).CONCLUSION: Plasma ET content and the expression of c-fos in the left ventricle of rats with renovascular hypertensive hypertrophy could be decreased by L-Arg administration. 相似文献
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AIM: To examine the autoantibody against α1-adrenoceptor and its biologic activities during the development of renal hypertension. METHODS: Renal hypertension of rat was achieved by clipped renal artery, the titre of autoantibody to α1-adrenoceptor was detected using ELISA immunoassay. Furthermore, the biological offects of these autoantibodies on cultured cardiomyocytes were also examined. RESULTS: After two weeks of clipping renal arteries, both the frequency of occurrence and the titre of autoantibodies to cardiac α1-adrenergic receptor were significantly increased as compared with the control of pre-treatment. The increased autoantibodies lasted for several weeks and then automatically decreased gradually to the pre-clipping level at 12 weeks. The biological effects of these autoantibodies displayed an "agonistic-like" activities on the beating frequency of cultured neonatal cardiomyocytes. CONCLUSION: Autoantibodies against α1-adrenoceptor may play a role in the elevation of peripheral vascular resistance and in the development of cardiac hypertrophy in rats with renal hypertension. 相似文献
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《International Journal of Fruit Science》2013,13(3):101-120
Abstract Saskatoon berry (Amelanchier alnifolia Nutt., Rosaceae) and blueberry (Vaccinium corymbosum L., Ericaceae) are substantially equivalent in all characteristics that are important to the consumer, including fruit color, shape, size, nutrition, texture, and uses. In addition, both fruits are native to North America and they have practically identical historical uses and known health benefits. Their composition, processing, nutritional value and metabolism, intended uses, and levels of undesirable substances are compared. 相似文献
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The objective of this study was to establish a cryopreservation protocol for hawthorn shoot apices (Crataegus pinnatifida Bge.). Cryopreservation was carried out via encapsulation–dehydration, vitrification, and encapsulation–vitrification on shoot apices excised from in vitro cultures. We began by showing that cold-acclimation enhanced the regrowth of cryopreserved apices from 10.0 to 65.5% in encapsulation–dehydration. We then decided that the encapsulation–dehydration method was an optimal cryopreservation method for hawthorn shoot apices in terms of its high recovery after cryopreservation as well as its ease of use compared with vitrification and encapsulation–vitrification. In encapsulation–dehydration, the protocol leading to optimal regrowth was as follows: after cold-acclimation at 5 °C in the dark for 2 weeks, excised shoot tips were pretreated for 24 h at 25 °C on hormone-free Murashige and Skoog [Murashige, T., Skoog, F., 1962. A revised medium for rapid growth and bioassays with tobacco tissue culture. Physiol. Plant. 15, 473–497] (MS) basal medium with 0.4 mol/L sucrose, then encapsulated and precultured in liquid MS medium with 0.8 mol/L sucrose for 16 h at 25 °C. Precultured beads were dehydrated for 6 h at 25 °C in the dessicator containing 50 g silica gel to a moisture content of 15.3% (fresh-weight basis) before cryostorage for 1 h. In addition, we examined the effect of adding glycerol to both the alginate beads and loading solution to enhance regrowth after cryopreservation in encapsulation–dehydration. In the present study, it was shown that adding 0.5 mol/L glycerol resulted in high regrowth percentages (82.5–90.0%) in four Crataegus species. 相似文献
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《International Journal of Fruit Science》2013,13(1):139-156
Abstract This review is based partly on complete articles and partly on abstracts. Three of the 60 articles deal with the total uptake of elements in strawberry plant organs in two different strawberry production systems, both considered as optimal concerning amount and balance of elements. The effect on fruit quality may be dramatic if the level of a particular element is outside this range, but there may also be effects initiated by differences within the optimal range of elements. Most articles refer to product oriented quality, but some focus on consumer oriented quality, as discussed by Shewfelt (1999). The discussion here is on a general basis, so one should keep in mind that there are cultivar differences and that specification of nutrition ideally should mirror the needs of a single cultivar, or a group of cultivars with similar requirements. Also, to get a complete understanding of the subject future reviews should embrace a broader access of information including the effect on plant development of individual elements, such as the role of calcium in fruit firmness and its importance in cell wall structure. However, the intention here is to narrow the information to results that suggest a direct connection between nutrient uptake and fruit quality. 相似文献
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多效唑对猕猴桃离体试管苗生长及内源激素的影响 总被引：18，自引：0，他引：18
多效唑（ＰＰ３３３）处理猕猴桃试管苗，降低了其生长强度；植株体内的ＧＡ３、ＩＡＡ和ＺＴ含量下降，ＡＢＡ的含量上升，乙烯释放率增加；并且能降低外源的ＧＡ３和ＩＡＡ促进生长的作用，而外源的ＧＡ３和ＩＡＡ又能不同程度地逆转多效唑的抑制作用，使植株恢复生长。 相似文献
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HU Zhi-cheng ZHU Jia-yuan ZHU Bin GUO Dong CHEN Bin ZHANG Kai HU Kun-hua LI Ming-tao TANG Bing 《园艺学报》2011,27(9):1802-1806
AIM: To investigate and screen the sensitive proteins in the formation mechanism of pathological scars by comparing the results of differential proteomic analysis between pathological scars and normal skin.METHODS: Two-dimensional gel electrophoresis was used to detect the protein expression profiles in 8 keloid patients, 8 hypertrophic scar patients and 3 matched normal skin patients.The proteins that showed differential expression of over 4-fold change were cut and analyzed by MALDI-TOF/TOF mass spectrometry.RESULTS: A two-dimensional protein profiling comparison between pathological scars and normal skin was successfully established.On average, 2 978 spots in keloid, 2 975 spots in hypertrophic scar and 3 053 spots in normal skin were identified using gel analysis software.Compared with normal skin, there were totally 36 differentially-expressed proteins in keloid and hypertrophic scar identified from the spots of over 4-fold change, including 16 proteins in both keloid and hypertrophic scar (8 up-regulated and 8 down-regulated), 11 only in keloid (9 up-regulated and 2 down-regulated) and 9 only in hypertrophic scar (4 up-regulated and 5 down-regulated).CONCLUSION: Proteomic analysis can identify the proteins with variance of pathological scars versus normal skin, thus providing probable new clues to reveal the formation mechanism of pathological scars. 相似文献
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AIM:To investigate the effect of metallothionein(MT) on proliferation of rat vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) stimulated by homocysteine and its mechanism. METHODS:VSMCs proliferation was measured by [3-H]-TdR incorporation, mitogen-activated protein kinase(MAPK)activity were determined by immunoprecipitation method, the intracellular contents of MT and malondialdehyde (MDA)were assayed by -hemoglobin saturation method and TBA reaction, respectively, and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) leakage was measured by NADH oxidation. RESULTS:Hcy(10-6-10-4 mmol/L) stimulated [3-H]-TdR incorporation by the VSMCs in a concentration-dependent manner. Compared with control, [3-H]-TdR incorporation in VSMCs treated with 0.1 mmol/L Hcy was increased by 4.2 fold (P＜0.01). Meanwhile, Hcy enhanced MAPK activity, MDA formation and LDH release (P＜0.01)in a concentration-dependent manner. Treatment of VSMCs with MT alone did not change above parameters, compared with control. However, MT (10-6-10-4 mol/L)attenuated significantly Hcy-stimulated proliferation of VSMCs (P＜0.01)in a concentration-dependent manner. And MT inhibited obviously Hcy-induced activation of MAPK activity, MDA formation and LDH release. Preincubation of VSMCs with 0.5 mmol/L ZnCl2 for 6 h induced an increase cellular MT content by 5.7-fold (P＜0.01). The MT-overexpressed VSMCs resisted Hcy-stimulating action on MAPK activity, MDA formation and LDH leakage (P＜0.01). CONCLUSION:These results show that MT has an inhibitory effect on Hcy-induced VSMCs proliferation, and that MT could inhibit Hcy-stimulated MAPK activity and lipid peroxidation. 相似文献
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Fulé Peter Z. Crouse Joseph E. Heinlein Thomas A. Moore Margaret M. Covington W. Wallace Verkamp Greg 《Landscape Ecology》2003,18(5):465-486
Fire regime characteristics of high-elevation forests on the North Rim of the Grand Canyon, Arizona, were reconstructed from fire scar analysis, remote sensing, tree age, and forest structure measurements, a first attempt at detailed reconstruction of the transition from surface to stand-replacing fire patterns in the Southwest. Tree densities and fire-/non-fire-initiated groups were highly mixed over the landscape, so distinct fire-created stands could not be delineated from satellite imagery or the oldest available aerial photos. Surface fires were common from 1700 to 1879 in the 4,400 ha site, especially on S and W aspects. Fire dates frequently coincided with fire dates measured at study sites at lower elevation, suggesting that pre-1880 fire sizes may have been very large. Large fires, those scarring 25% or more of the sample trees, were relatively infrequent, averaging 31 years between burns. Four of the five major regional fire years occurred in the 1700s, followed by a 94-year gap until 1879. Fires typically occurred in significantly dry years (Palmer Drought Stress Index), with severe drought in major regional fire years. Currently the forest is predominantly spruce-fir, mixed conifer, and aspen. In contrast, dendroecological reconstruction of past forest structure showed that the forest in 1880 was very open, corresponding closely with historical (1910) accounts of severe fires leaving partially denuded landscapes. Age structure and species composition were used to classify sampling points into fire-initiated and non-fire-initiated groups. Tree groups on nearly 60% of the plots were fire-initiated; the oldest such groups appeared to have originated after severe fires in 1782 or 1785. In 1880, all fire-initiated groups were less than 100 years old and nearly 25% of the groups were less than 20 years old. Non-fire-initiated groups were significantly older (oldest 262 years in 1880), dominated by ponderosa pine, Douglas-fir, or white fir, and occurred preferentially on S and W slopes. The mixed-severity fire regime, transitioning from lower-elevation surface fires to mixed surface and stand-replacing fire at higher elevations, appeared not to have been stable over the temporal and spatial scales of this study. Information about historical fire regime and forest structure is valuable for managers but the information is probably less specific and stable for high-elevation forests than for low-elevation ponderosa pine forests.This revised version was published online in May 2005 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献