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1.
抗菌肽PR-39（proline-arginine-rich39-amino acidpeptide）是cathelicidins家族中富含脯氨酸的小分子肽,最初从猪小肠上部分离得到,随后在猪的其它器官以及鼠的巨噬细胞、人的结肠腺癌细胞中均分离得到（Wu et al.,1999）。具有广谱抗菌活性,在动物机体免疫中发挥着重要的作用（Marone et al.,2000;Pierelli et al.,2000）。本实验用半定量RT-PCR（反转录-聚合酶链式反应）方法，以18S rRNA为内参，研究日龄及断奶对杜长大仔猪股骨骨髓组织抗菌肽PR-39mRNA相对表达量的影响，为如何促进猪体内抗菌肽的表达和探讨仔猪非特异性免疫的形成提供基本资料。 相似文献
2.
断奶前后仔猪十二指肠、空肠和回肠SGLT1 mRNA表达的变化及半胱胺的影响 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
研究断奶前后仔猪十二指肠、空肠和回肠SGLT1mRNA表达丰度的变化,并同时观察半胱胺对其表达的影响,从分子水平探讨半胱胺对断奶仔猪葡萄糖吸收的影响与可能的机制。新生仔猪随机分为对照组和实验组,12日龄(D12)起对照组饲喂基础乳猪料,实验组在基础乳猪料中添加120mg/kg半胱胺,两组仔猪均于35日龄断奶,每组分别于断奶前1周、断奶当天、断奶后3d、1周以及断奶后10d随机选取仔猪各6头,宰杀后采集十二指肠、空肠和回肠粘膜,采用RT-PCR方法测定钠-葡萄糖共转运载体1(sodium-glucosecotransporter1,SGLT1)mRNA表达的相对丰度。结果表明,回肠SGLT1mRNA的表达量最高,空肠其次,十二指肠最低;SGLT1mRNA在不同肠段的表达呈现截然不同的发育模式,十二指肠SGLT1mRNA表达量在45d显著上升(P<0.05),而空肠则在42和45d时显著下降(P<0.01),回肠SGLT1mRNA表达在整个实验期间无显著变化;此外,日粮添加半胱胺显著提高38d十二指肠以及42和45d空肠SGLT1mRNA表达,而对回肠SGLT1mRNA表达无显著影响。小肠SGLT1mRNA表达以及日粮添加半胱胺促进SGLT1mRNA表达的作用均呈现时空特异性规律。 相似文献
3.
酰基辅酶A:二脂酰甘油酰基转移酶(acyl-coA:diacylglycerol acyltransferase,DGAT)是催化甘油三酯合成最后一步反应的关键酶,包括DGAT1和DGAT2两种;阐明其在发育过程中的表达规律对于找到控制中外猪种脂肪沉积能力差异的基因十分必要.本研究分别用RT-PCR和实时荧光定量RT-PCR的方法分别对莱芜猪和杜洛克3日龄仔猪和成年猪背膘组织中DGAT1和DGAT2 mRNA表达量进行了分析.结果表明,莱芜猪和杜洛克成年猪DGAT1 mRNA的表达量均高于3日龄仔猪,分别为5.0倍和2.7倍;成年猪DGAT2 mRNA表达量高于3日龄仔猪,分别为27.6倍(P＜0.01)和4.8倍(P＜0.05).两品种成年猪和3日龄仔猪DGAT2基因表达量的变化均高于DGAT1.品种间同一发育时期比较,杜洛克3日龄仔猪背膘组织中DGAT2基因的表达量高于莱芜猪,但成年莱芜猪背膘组织中DGAT2基因的表达量高于杜洛克,差异均不显著(P＞0.05).提示DGAT2基因可能与中外猪品种脂肪沉积能力的差异有关. 相似文献
4.
摘要：目的：胰高血糖素样肽-2（GLP-2）与小肠上皮生长关系密切。研究断奶前后仔猪十二指肠、空肠和回肠GLP-2 mRNA 表达丰度的变化规律，探讨断奶前后仔猪小肠上皮更新缓慢，是否与编码GLP-2的基因 — 胰高血糖素原（Proglucagon）的时空特异性表达有关。方法：本实验随机选取新生仔猪9窝，于35日龄（d）断奶。分别于断奶前1周（28d）、断奶当天（35d）、断奶后72h（38d）、断奶后1周（42d）、断奶后10天（45d）随机选取仔猪6头，屠宰，迅速采取十二指肠、空肠（后段）和回肠粘膜，用RT-PCR检测样品中胰高血糖素原 mRNA表达量。结果：胰高血糖素原基因在小肠中的表达呈现明显的空间（肠段）特异性，空肠和回肠表达丰度较高，而在十二指肠表达很少。胰高血糖素原 mRNA在仔猪空肠和回肠的表达显示截然不同的时间（日龄）特异性模式：空肠胰高血糖素原 mRNA表达在42日龄之前保持较高水平，而在断奶后1周和断奶后10天显著下降；而回肠中胰高血糖素原 mRNA表达水平在本实验观察期内保持稳定，未检测到日龄相关的变化。结论：断奶仔猪小肠GLP-2 mRNA表达呈现时空特异性规律。 相似文献
5.
来自6窝健康、体重相近的杜长大哺乳仔猪34头随机地分为两组，分别于断奶后饲喂基础日粮或基础日粮＋甘露寡糖(MOS)，收集仔猪断奶当天（实验前）及断奶后7、14、21和28 d粪样，利用PCR/DGGE技术对粪样细菌16S rDNA的V6～V8可变区进行了分析，以研究日粮中添加MOS对断奶仔猪粪样菌群稳定性及多样性的影响。结果表明，断奶前同窝仔猪带谱相似性较高(81%~88%)，但存在个体差异；断奶后同窝仔猪的相似性下降(61%～70%)；断奶后7、14、21和28 d相邻时间段之间，基础日粮组仔猪菌群相似性维持在61%左右，MOS组菌群相似性在断奶第一周下降后，逐渐增加至70%，说明断奶可引起菌群发生变化，而MOS具有使菌群快速稳定的作用。多样性结果显示，断奶7 d后MOS组菌群多样性增加，基础日粮组下降，14 d后两组的差异增加，28 d时基础日粮组多样性为1.52，MOS组为1.38，差异由断奶当天的0.09上升至28 d的1.14，但差异不显著（P >0.05）；条带数分析获得类似结果，即断奶7 d时两组条带数均减少，14 d后MOS组条带数增加，对照组的条带数却减少，实验期内MOS组条带数均高于对照组。 结果提示，断奶导致了菌群的变化，日粮中添加MOS可加速菌群多样和稳定。 相似文献
6.
水通道蛋白(AQP)作为一种膜转运蛋白,对于调控肠道组织的水分子转运具有重要作用。本实验利用同源序列克隆法设计引物,从仔猪(Susscrofa)的消化道组织中克隆AQPs家族基因(AQP2~AQP11)(GenBank登录号分别为EU636238、EU161094、EU165525、EU192130、EU620575、EU024116、EU220426、EU220427、EU582021和EU220425),并对其进行生物信息学分析。采用荧光定量PCR研究断奶应激对于仔猪胃肠道组织中AQP1、AQP3、AQP8和AQP11的mRNA表达影响。生物信息学分析发现,猪AQPs家族基因含有高度保守的天冬酰氨-脯氨酸-丙氨酸(NPA)结构序列,基因表达分析发现,断奶组仔猪的AQP1基因在十二指肠、回肠和结肠组织的mRNA表达量与对照组相比显著上调(P<0.05);AQP3基因在胃和小肠组织的mRNA表达有显著上调(P<0.05);AQP8基因在胃和回肠组织中mRNA表达有显著上调(P<0.01),在其他组织中没有显著差异;AQP11基因在空肠组织的mRNA表达量显著上调了1.7倍(P<0.05)。这些研究结果表明,AQP基因可能在断奶应激引起的仔猪肠道腹泻中发挥重要作用。 相似文献
7.
半定量RT-PCR法评定不同生长阶段猪抗菌肽pr-39基因表达差异 总被引：12，自引：2，他引：12
根据已报道的猪抗菌肽pr-39基因和看家基因β-肌动蛋白(β-actin)基因序列，分别设计pr-39和β-actin的引物，探讨了PCR体系中适宜的MgCl2浓度、循环次数，以及2对引物间竞争情况。实验揭示，要保证半定量RT-PCR的可行性与可靠性，适宜的MgCl2浓度为2．5mmol／L，循环次数为29；由于2对引物之间的杂交配对，两对引物需分别进行扩增。根据以上信息构建一优化的半定量RT—PCR法，以β-actin为内标，研究不同生长阶段猪抗菌肽pr-39基因表达的差异。结果显示，不同生长阶段猪pr-39基因表达有差异，从出生到断奶前pr—39表达量呈增加趋势，断奶时表达量下降，断奶后随日龄增加pr-39表达量再逐渐增加。 相似文献
8.
采用荧光定量PCR技术分析阉割与非阉割金华猪甲状腺组织中甲状腺球蛋白(TG)和甲状腺过氧化酶(TPO)基因在60、90和120日龄时表达水平.结果表明:(1)组内日龄间比较,阉割组猪TG和TPO基因在90日龄时的表达量均显著高于60和120日龄(P＜0.05);非阉割组猪TG基因在120日龄时的表达量显著低于60和90日龄(P＜0.05),TPO基因在不同日龄间的表达量差异不显著(P＞0.05).(2)组间同日龄比较,发现阉割后TG和TPO基因在60,90和120日龄的表达量都显著高于或低于非阉割组(P＜0.05).研究结果提示,阉割后,TG和TPO基因表达量的升高可能会加快猪的生长发育和提高猪肉的肌内脂肪含量. 相似文献
9.
摘要： 采用反转录多聚酶链式反应（RT-PCR）方法检测了绍兴蛋鸭出雏至90日龄卵巢GnRH-I和ER-β mRNA表达丰度的变化。结果表明：从1~90日龄卵巢GnRH-I mRNA含量逐渐升高，1日龄水平最低， 60和90日龄时水平显著高于1和30日龄（P <0.01）；卵巢ER-β mRNA含量呈先升后降趋势，60日龄时表达量最高， 显著高于1、 30 （P <0.01）和90日龄（P < 0.05）。提示：绍兴鸭卵巢内GnRH-I mRNA表达的上调可能对后期等级卵泡的形成起重要调节作用；而ER-β mRNA则主要参与介导E2对卵巢早期发育调节。 相似文献
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11.
Renal protection of s-allyl cysteine (SAC) and s-propyl cysteine (SPC) in diabetic mice against inflammatory injury was examined. Each agent at 0.5 and 1 g/L was added to the drinking water for 10 weeks. SAC or SPC intake significantly reduced the plasma blood urea nitrogen level and increased creatinine clearance (P < 0.05). These treatments significantly lowered the renal level of reactive oxygen species, nitric oxide, interleukin-6, tumor necrosis factor-α, and prostaglandin E(2) in diabetic mice (P < 0.05). Renal mRNA expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase, cyclooxygenase-2, protein kinase C (PKC)-α, PKC-β, and PKC-γ was enhanced in diabetic mice (P < 0.05); however, SAC or SPC treatments dose dependently declined mRNA expression of these factors (P < 0.05). Nuclear factor κB (NF-κB) activity, mRNA expression, and protein production in kidney of diabetic mice were significantly increased (P < 0.05). SAC or SPC intake dose dependently suppressed NF-κB activity, NF-κB p65 mRNA expression, and protein level (P < 0.05). Diabetes also enhanced renal protein expression of mitogen-activated protein kinase (P < 0.05). SAC and SPC, only at a high dose, significantly suppressed protein production of p-p38 and p-ERK1/2 (P < 0.05). Renal mRNA expression and protein generation of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR)-α and PPAR-γ were significantly down-regulated in diabetic mice (P < 0.05), but the intake of SAC or SPC at high dose up-regulated PPAR-α and PPAR-γ (P < 0.05). These findings support that SAC and SPC are potent anti-inflammatory agents against diabetic kidney diseases. 相似文献
12.
The neuroprotective effects of s-allyl cysteine, s-ethyl cysteine, and s-propyl cysteine in D-galactose (DG)-treated mice were examined. DG treatment increased the formation of Aβ(1-40) and Aβ(1-42), enhanced mRNA expression of β-amyloid precursor protein (APP) and β-site APP cleavage enzyme 1 (BACE1), and reduced neprilysin expression in brain (P < 0.05); however, the intake of three test compounds significantly decreased the production of Aβ(1-40) and Aβ(1-42) and suppressed the expression of APP and BACE1 (P < 0.05). DG treatments declined brain protein kinase C (PKC) activity and mRNA expression (P < 0.05). Intake of test compounds significantly retained PKC activity, and the expression of PKC-α and PKC-γ (P < 0.05). DG treatments elevated brain activity and mRNA expression of aldose reductase (AR) and sorbitol dehydrogenase as well as increased brain levels of carboxymethyllysine (CML), pentosidine, sorbitol, and fructose (P < 0.05). Test compounds significantly lowered AR activity, AR expression, and CML and pentosidine levels (P < 0.05). DG treatments also significantly increased the formation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and protein carbonyl and decreased the activity of glutathione peroxidase (GPX), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and catalase (P < 0.05); however, the intake of test compounds in DG-treated mice significantly decreased ROS and protein carbonyl levels and restored brain GPX, SOD, and catalase activities (P < 0.05). These findings support that these compounds via their anti-Aβ, antiglycative, and antioxidative effects were potent agents against the progression of neurodegenerative disorders such as Alzheimer's disease. 相似文献
13.
早期限饲对肉鸡肌肉生长及肌纤维类型的影响 总被引：7，自引：0，他引：7
采用隔日限饲的方式对1～14日龄三黄肉鸡仔鸡进行早期限饲处理,后恢复自由采食直至63日龄试验结束,以分析早期限饲对肉鸡肌肉生长和肌纤维类型的影响。分别于14和63日龄随机选取对照组和早期限饲组肉仔鸡各20羽,屠宰后采样,记录腓肠肌外侧头重量并采用相对定量RT-PCR的方法检测其不同类型肌纤维肌球蛋白重链mRNA基因表达。结果表明,早期限饲组体重及腓肠肌外侧头重均低于对照组(P<0.05,n=20)。14日龄早期限饲组慢肌及快红肌肌球蛋白重链mRNA表达水平显著高于对照组(分别为P<0.01和P<0.05,n=10),快白肌肌球蛋白重链基因表达显著低于对照组(P<0.05,n=10)。63日龄早期限饲组慢肌肌球蛋白重链mRNA基因表达显著低于对照组(P<0.05,n=10),快红肌和快白肌肌球蛋白重链与对照组相比均无差异(P>0.05,n=10)。结果提示:(1)早期限饲阻碍了肌纤维类型的转化,延缓了肌肉的发育及增重,最终引起整体体重的下降;(2)早期限饲对肌肉肌纤维成分具有持久影响,其影响一直持续到63日龄上市。 相似文献
14.
Effects of soil storage on the microbial community and degradation of metsulfuron-methyl 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
Trabue SL Palmquist DE Lydick TM Singles SK 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2006,54(1):142-151
The effect storage had on the microbial biomass in two soils (Trevino and Fargo) was compared to the effect storage had on each soil's capacity to degrade metsulfuron-methyl. Soils were collected from the field and used fresh (<3 weeks old) or stored at 20 and 4 degrees C for 3 or 6 months. The phospholipid fatty acid content of the soils was used to monitor changes in the microbial biomass during storage and incubation in a flow-through apparatus. In both soils, [phenyl-U-14C]metsulfuron-methyl was used to monitor changes in the route and rate of degradation along with 14CO2 evolution (mineralization). Total microbial biomasses in both soils were significantly reduced for soils incubated in the flow-through apparatus, whereas only the Trevino soil's microbial biomass was significantly reduced as a result of storage. The microbial communities of both soils were significantly different as a result of storage as shown by discriminant analysis. In both soils, degradation rate, pathway of degradation, and mineralization of metsulfuron-methyl were significantly affected by storage compared to fresh soil. The half-life of metsulfuron-methyl increased significantly (P < 0.05) in the Trevino soil from 45 days (fresh) to 63 days (stored soil), whereas in the Fargo soil half-lives increased significantly (P < 0.05) from 23 days (fresh) to 29 days (soils stored for 6 months). In both soils, mineralization of [14C]metsulfuron-methyl was significantly (P < 0.05) higher in fresh soils compared to stored soils. The degradation pathways of metsulfuron-methyl changed with storage as evidenced by the loss of formation of one biologically derived metabolite (degradate) in stored soils compared to fresh soils. 相似文献
15.
Tsai SJ Huang CS Mong MC Kam WY Huang HY Yin MC 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2012,60(1):514-521
Renal protective effects of naringenin at 0.5, 1, and 2% of the diet in diabetic mice were examined. Naringenin supplemented at 1 and 2% increased its deposit in liver and kidney of diabetic mice. Compared with the diabetic control group, naringenin treatments at 1 and 2% lowered plasma levels of glucose and blood urea nitrogen, as well as increased insulin level and creatinine clearance (P < 0.05). Naringenin treatments dose-dependently reduced renal tumor necrosis factor-α level and expression (P < 0.05) but only at 1 and 2% significantly decreased production and expression of interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (P < 0.05). Naringenin intake at 2% decreased renal formation and expression of type IV collagen, fibronectin, and transforming growth factor-β1 (P < 0.05). This compound at 1 and 2% lowered protein kinase C activity and suppressed nuclear factor κB (NF-κB) p65 activity, mRNA expression, and protein production in kidney. However, this agent only at 2% diminished NF-κB p50 activity, mRNA expression, and protein production (P < 0.05). These results indicate that naringenin could attenuate diabetic nephropathy via its anti-inflammatory and antifibrotic activities. 相似文献
16.
有机物料对山核桃林地土壤的培肥改良效果 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
17.
《Cereal Chemistry》2017,94(5):903-908
Infrared‐stabilized rice bran was substituted into Turkish noodles (erişte) at the levels of 10, 20, and 30%, and the effects of the incorporation on proximate composition, color, cooking properties, thiamin and riboflavin contents, mineral composition, and sensory and textural properties were investigated. Crude fat, protein, dietary fiber, B vitamins, Mg, K, P, Mn, Ca, and Se contents of the noodles increased significantly with increasing substitution level (P < 0.05). Optimum cooking time increased with increasing levels of incorporation. Swelling volume and water absorption of the noodles substituted with 20 and 30% rice bran increased significantly (P < 0.05). However, cooking loss was not significantly affected by the substitution. The effect of rice bran inclusion was insignificant on hardness (P > 0.05), whereas adhesiveness, cohesiveness, and springiness of rice bran substituted noodles were significantly lower when compared with the control (P < 0.05). Structure/texture, taste/flavor, and overall acceptability scores of the control noodles and the noodles substituted with rice bran at the level of 10% were not significantly different (P > 0.05). However, substitution levels higher than 10% negatively affected the sensory scores. 相似文献
18.
为研究饲料中不同枣粉添加量(0,10%,15%,20%和25%)下陕北白绒山羊肉的抗氧化性能,选取初始体质为(20.15±1.63)kg的40只6月龄健康白绒山羊,随机分为5组,分别饲喂无枣粉添加(对照组)、10%(I试验组)、15%(II试验组)、20%(III试验组)、25%(IV试验组)的日粮,饲养试验预试期10d,饲喂期70d;分别饲喂基础日粮和试验日粮,测定瘤胃降解率和生长性能。饲喂试验结束后屠宰全部试验羊,以山羊背最长肌为试验材料,分别测定羊肉的色泽、丙二醛、肌红蛋白氧化状态、抗氧化能力和抗氧化酶基因并进行比较分析。结果表明:随着枣粉添加量增加,绒山羊的干物质消化率(Dry Matter Digestibility,DMD)、粗蛋白消化率(Crude Protein Digestibility,CPD)、平均日采食量(Average Daily Feed Intake,ADFI)、平均日增重(Average Daily Gain,ADG)、肌红蛋白(Myoglobin,Mb)含量、超氧化物歧化酶(Superoxide Dismutase,SOD)和SOD基因表达量逐渐增加,而料肉比(Feed Conversion Ratio,FCR)和丙二醛(Malondialdehyde,MDA)含量逐渐降低;其中III组的DMD、ADFI和ADG均显著高于对照组(P 0.05)。III组的红度值、肌红蛋白含量、氧合肌红蛋白(Oxymyoglobin,OMb)相对含量显著高于对照组、I和II组(P 0.05);在抗氧化中,III组的SOD酶活、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GlutathionePeroxidase,GSH-Px)活力显著高于对照组和I组(P0.05);III组的过氧化氢酶(Catalase,CAT)活力显著高于对照组、I和IV组(P0.05);在抗氧化酶基因中,III组的SOD、GSH-Px基因表达量显著高于对照组、I和II组(P 0.05),而脂氧合酶(Lipoxygenase,LOX)基因表达量低于对照组、I和II组(P0.05)。总体上饲料中添加枣粉能够增加羊肉的抗氧化机制,抑制脂质氧化并改善肉色,在枣粉水平为20%时,能有效缓解山羊肉组织中的氧化应激,提高抗氧化能力。 相似文献
19.
对30只西农萨能奶山羊母羔的初情期体重、日龄、发情表现,发情周期及17β—雌二醇(17β-E_2)和孕酮(P_4)水平变化进行了研究。研究结果表明:1.初情期体重和日龄分别为10.2(8.0—12.9)kg和54.7(43—71)天,初情期体重和日龄的相关系数为0.798,初情期日龄和出生日期的相关系数则为0.963;2.第一个发情周期平均为8.3(2—37)天,其中短周期(2—8天)羊占62.4％;3.发情表现的特点是阴道和阴门下角有灰白色粘液;4.初情期17β—E_2(pg/ml)/P_4(ng/ml)比值为141.1,17β-E_2和P_4的分泌关系有同步、反步和部分同步部分反步现象。 相似文献
20.
探讨沉默信息调节因子1(Sirt1)对小鼠脂肪沉积的抑制作用和雷帕霉素靶蛋白(mTOR)信号通路的影响。用Sirt1的激动剂白藜芦醇(100mg·kg-·1d-1)和抑制剂尼克酰胺(500mg·kg-·1d-1)灌胃处理小鼠(Mus mussulus)15d,记录小鼠体质量变化,测定小鼠皮下脂肪、附睾脂肪和肾周脂肪的沉积量,试剂盒测定血脂指标,同时利用Real-timePCR分析与脂肪生成密切相关的转录因子过氧化物酶体增殖物激活受体γ(PPARγ)、固醇调节元件结合蛋白1(SREBP1)和脂解基因甘油三酯水解酶(ATGL)、激素敏感性脂肪酶(HSL)、围脂滴蛋白(Perilipin)及生脂基因脂肪酸合成酶(FAS)mRNA的表达水平,检测mTOR通路关键因子雷帕霉素靶蛋白(mTOR)、核糖体S6蛋白激酶1(S6K1)和真核启动因子4E结合蛋白1(4EBP1)mRNA表达水平。与对照组相比,白藜芦醇处理组小鼠体质量增加量和体脂含量均显著降低(P<0.01),血清中甘油三酯(TG)、总胆固醇(TC)和低密度脂蛋白(LDL-C)浓度均显著降低(P<0.01),而高密度脂蛋白(HDL-C)浓度升高(P<0.01),mTOR通路关键因子mTOR、4EBP1和S6K1mRNA表达水平降低(P<0.01),脂代谢相关基因PPARγ、SREBP1及成脂基因FASmRNA表达水平显著降低(P<0.01),脂解相关基因ATGL、HSL和PerilipinmRNA表达水平显著升高(P<0.01);烟酰胺处理组小鼠体质量、附睾脂肪以与皮下脂肪沉积量增加缓慢(P>0.05),肾周脂肪沉积量增加(P<0.05),血清中LDL-C浓度升高(P<0.05),HDL-C浓度降低(P<0.01),mTOR通路关键因子mTOR和4EBP1mRNA表达水平升高(P<0.01),而脂代谢调控相关因子PPARγ和SREBP1mRNA水平升高(P<0.05),ATGLmRNA表达量显著降低(P<0.05),FAS、HSL和PerilipinmRNA表达量变化不显著(P>0.05)。表明激活Sirt1可减少脂肪合成,增加脂肪分解,从而降低体脂沉积,而mTOR信号通路参与这个过程。 相似文献