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<正> 苜蓿是最优质的多年生豆科牧草,含粗蛋白质,多种维生索和矿物质高,被评为“牧草之王”。并且苜蓿的地下根瘤菌具固氮肥土的作用,澳大利亚新西兰等国验试证明,混播苜蓿的人工草场产草量同每公顷施氮肥三百公斤的黑麦革人工草场产草量相当。目前国内外都大量栽培苜蓿。据调查藏北草原所有的可食优良豆科牧草极少,因此在高寒牧区栽培苜蓿成 相似文献
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在21~23℃,湿度50%~70%,光照时间14 h的人工气候箱条件下,组建生命表并用其参数测定评价了5个苜蓿品种对2种色型豌豆蚜的抗生性。结果表明,同一苜蓿品种和不同苜蓿品种之间对2种色型豌豆蚜的抗生性都存在差异。以内禀增长率为抗性指标,俄罗斯杂花苜蓿对绿色型豌豆蚜的抗性高于红色型;阿尔冈金对红色型豌豆蚜抗性高于绿色型;甘农5号对2种色型豌豆蚜均具有一定的抗性;不同苜蓿品种对红色型豌豆蚜抗性大小为:俄罗斯杂花苜蓿<陕北野生苜蓿<阿尔冈金=甘农3号<甘农5号;绿色型豌豆蚜抗性为:阿尔冈金<俄罗斯杂花苜蓿<陕北野生苜蓿=甘农3号<甘农5号。 相似文献
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<正> 甘农一号杂花苜蓿(Medicago mediaL、CV、Gannong Nol)是甘肃农大草原系在天祝县金强河甘肃农大高山草原试验站经多次引种、用紫花苜蓿x黄花苜蓿杂交育种,在连续10年抗寒筛选的基础上,采用改良混合法育成的抗寒新品种(原代号甘农杂18)。1990年11月经全国牧草品种审定委员会审定通过命名为甘农一号杂花苜蓿,准予在适应地区正式推广应用。 特征特性:甘农一号杂花苜蓿是豆科多年生草本植物。它具有粗壮的主根,侧根也较发达,并具有6％的根蘖特征。茎秆多为半匍匐型,抗寒性强,在天祝金强河冬季无积雪,极端最低气温零下30℃的环境条件下,越冬率达84.5％。每公顷鲜草产量可达31984.5kg,比对照品种草原一号增产55％,比公农一号增产50.3％。 相似文献
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北方农区栽培牧草品种比较及营养品质研究 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
为了调整农业种植结构，于2000－2001年进行了36种牧草的引种栽培试验。通过2年试验，间比淘汰，筛选出13种豆科牧草（甘农1号杂花苜蓿、甘农2号杂花苜蓿、肇东苜蓿、和田苜蓿、草原1号杂花苜蓿、敖汉苜蓿、美国苜蓿、俄罗斯苜蓿、公农1号苜蓿、科学院苜蓿、龙牧2号沙打旺、苦草、白花草木樨），2种禾本科（林肯无芒雀麦、公农无芒雀麦）和1种蓼科（杂交酸模）牧草。结果表明：16种牧草适应北方春早春寒气候，抗旱耐寒能力强，其生产性能和营养价值高，达6134.0kg/hm^2。由此认为，筛选出的牧草品种是吉林省建立人工草地和调整农业种植结构的优质牧草。 相似文献
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研究了甘农3号、甘农5号、陕北、游客、俄罗斯5个苜蓿品种在15、18、21、25和28℃及相对湿度为80%条件下,对豌豆蚜（Acyrthosiphon pisum）生长发育的影响。结果表明,不同温度条件下5个苜蓿品种对豌豆蚜成若蚜生长发育的影响不同,成若蚜发育历期均以陕北苜蓿上的最长,在各温度下甘农5号苜蓿上的最短,在各温度下,2个品种间均差异极显著（P〈0.01）;不同苜蓿品种上豌豆蚜成若蚜的历期大小均为陕北〉甘农3号〉游客〉俄罗斯〉甘农5号;5个供试苜蓿品种上豌豆蚜的存活率以俄罗斯和陕北苜蓿最小,甘农3号和甘农5号最高。 相似文献
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为探究不同苜蓿品种对低磷土壤条件的适应性,以甘农3号、甘农5号、甘农9号、甘农10号、WL358HQ、WL343HQ、WL363HQ、WL354HQ、金皇后9个苜蓿品种为研究对象,采用盆栽试验方法,对不同苜蓿品种的株高、生物量、磷含量、磷吸收和利用效率进行了研究,并采用灰色关联度对不同品种苜蓿的表现进行综合评价.结果表明:低磷条件下,结合鲜重和干重,WL343HQ品种生长速度较其他品种快;9个苜蓿品种的磷含量排序为:甘农10号>WL354HQ>WL343HQ>WL358HQ>WL363HQ>金皇后>甘农3号>甘农5号>甘农9号;WL343HQ磷吸收效率最高,为1.32 mg/pot,金皇后最低,为0.58 mg/pot,总体表现为WL343HQ>WL358HQ>甘农5号>甘农9号>WL363HQ>甘农10号>甘农3号>WL354HQ>金皇后;甘农3号磷利用效率最高,为0.84 g/mg,甘农10号最低,为0.53 g/mg.灰色关联度综合评价得出WL343HQ、WL358HQ、WL354HQ和甘农5号为低磷土壤条件下表现较好的4个品种,适宜在土壤有效磷含量较低的土壤上种植. 相似文献
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大兴安岭地区优良牧草引种栽培试验研究 总被引：5，自引：2，他引：3
于2000－2001年在大兴安岭进行了10种多年生牧草和6种一年生牧草引种栽培试验。通过2年的试验研究，间比淘汰，优选出了适宜当地种植的4种豆科牧草（甘农1号杂花苜蓿、甘农2号杂花苜蓿、肇东苜蓿、和田苜蓿）和1种菊科牧草（苦荬菜）。结果表明：5种多年生牧草的越冬返青率、生产性能和营养价值均随栽培年限的延长而升高，年度间产草量差异显著（P＜0.05)，一年生牧草均适宜当地种植。由此认为，筛选出的牧草品种是大兴安岭建立人工饲草饲料基地的优质牧草。 相似文献
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9个苜蓿品种引种对比试验研究 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
为满足畜牧业发展的要求,选育出适宜哈密地区两县一市种植的紫花苜蓿品种,2005～2007年对引自国内外的9种紫花苜蓿品种进行引种对比试验,通过物候期、株高、产量、干鲜比、茎叶比等各个指标的观测得出:甘农三号苜蓿、新牧一号杂花苜蓿、敖汉苜蓿产量较高,美国金皇后苜蓿、三得利苜蓿、美国WL232苜蓿次之,中牧一号苜蓿最低;三得利和美国WL232苜蓿茎叶比较高,甘农三号苜蓿最低;综合评价:9个苜蓿品种中,甘农三号苜蓿、新牧一号杂花苜蓿、敖汉苜蓿、美国金皇后苜蓿、三得利苜蓿、美国WL232苜蓿的综合性状好,产量高且稳定,草质好,适宜哈密地区推广种植。 相似文献
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The prevalence of Salmonella in fresh pork cuttings in Denmark in the years 2002 and 2006 was investigated at retail and compared with the retail supply pattern. A total of 1025 and 3473 samples were taken in 2002 from butcher's shops and supermarkets, respectively. The corresponding numbers in 2006 were 259 from butchers' shops and 628 from supermarkets. In 2002, 1.2% of all samples were positive for Salmonella; butchers' shops and supermarkets had 1.8% and 1.0% positive samples, respectively. The overall prevalence in 2006 was 4.2%, with prevalence of 8.1% and 2.6% for butchers' shops and supermarkets, respectively. Hence, increases around 3- to 5-fold were found. There was neither observed any parallel increase in Salmonella positive carcasses in Danish slaughterhouses during the study period, nor were any changes in supply routes towards slaughterhouses with higher prevalence observed, which could explain the apparent increase. We hypothesize that hygiene levels and ability to avoid cross-contamination and prevent growth of the organism, in the meat processing chain after slaughter were the most likely responsible factors. Results from this study indicate that the hygiene performance, particularly at retail, has a significant impact on the occurrence of Salmonella. This implies that there is no direct link between slaughterhouse Salmonella surveillance data and the level of Salmonella contamination at retail. To improve risk assessment of Salmonella in fresh pork meat, this study underlines the need for comprehensive retail data. 相似文献
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Helminth and protozoan parasites in dogs and cats in Belgium 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
This study investigates the level of helminthic and protozoal infestation over the last 10 years in strays, well-cared-for dogs and cats. Determination of the prevalence of infections was based either on faecal examination or on worm counts at necropsy. Of 2324 faecal flotations (NaCl sp.gr. 1.20) of stray dogs, 34.2% had eggs or proglottids of one or more worm species consisting of Toxocara canis (17.4%), Toxascaris leonina (10.1%), Uncinaria stenocephala (11.4%), Trichuris vulpis (7.0%) and cestodes (2.1%). Isospora oocysts were observed in 5.2% of the dogs. The data on the distribution of the various worm species in the positive dogs indicate that T. canis eggs were by far the most common (50.9%). Necropsy data from 212 infected dogs indicate that 38.9% were infected with T. canis and 33.7% with T. leonina. The overall prevalence of worm infestation of 246 well-cared-for kennel dogs, based on worm egg counts by the McMaster technique, was 36.1%. Of 30 feline faecal samples examined by flotation, 83.3% were positive for parasites, including Toxocara cati (60%), Ancylostoma tubaeformae (36.6%), Taenia (Hydatigera) taeniaeformis (20%) and coccidia (30%). Toxocara cati was the most frequently found worm species at the necropsy of 25 cats (52%). Toxoplasma was not observed. 相似文献
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Yong Wu Na-Jiao Zhao Yan Cao Zhuo Sun Qin Wang Zhao-Ying Liu Zhi-Liang Sun 《Journal of veterinary pharmacology and therapeutics》2020,43(2):208-214
Sanguinarine (SA) is a benzo[c] phenanthridine alkaloid which has a variety of pharmacological properties. However, very little was known about the pharmacokinetics of SA and its metabolite dihydrosanguinarine (DHSA) in pigs. The purpose of this work was to study the intestinal metabolism of SA in vitro and in vivo. Reductive metabolite DHSA was detected during incubation of SA with intestinal mucosa microsomes, cytosol, and gut flora. After oral (p.o.) administration of SA, the result showed SA might be reduced to DHSA in pig intestine. After i.m. administration, SA and DHSA rapidly increased to reach their peak concentrations (Cmax, 30.16 ± 5.85, 5.61 ± 0.73 ng/ml, respectively) at 0.25 hr. Both compounds were completely eliminated from the plasma after 24 hr. After single oral administration, SA and DHSA rapidly increased to reach their Cmax (3.41 ± 0.36, 2.41 ± 0.24 ng/ml, respectively) at 2.75 ± 0.27 hr. The half-life (T1/2) values were 2.33 ± 0.11 hr and 2.20 ± 0.12 hr for SA and DHSA, respectively. After multiple oral administration, the average steady-state concentrations (Css) of SA and DHSA were 3.03 ± 0.39 and 1.42 ± 0.20 ng/ml. The accumulation indexes for SA and DHSA were 1.21 and 1.11. The work reported here provides important information on the metabolism sites and pharmacokinetic character of SA. It explains the reasons for low toxicity of SA, which is useful for the evaluation of its performance. 相似文献
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Chlortetracycline in swine-bioavailability and pharmacokinetics in fasted and fed pigs 总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1
C. R. KILROY W. F. HALL D. P. BANE R. F. BEVILL G. D. KORITZ 《Journal of veterinary pharmacology and therapeutics》1990,13(1):49-58
Chlortetracycline hydrochloride was administered intra-arterially (11 mg/kg) and as an oral drench (33 mg/kg) to ten 21.0-31.5-kg pigs. Five of the pigs were fasted 18 h prior to dosing and five of the pigs were fed ad libitum prior to dosing. The mean volume of distribution determined by area-under-the-curve calculations for the fasted pigs (0.967 +/- 0.210 l/kg) was significantly less (P less than 0.05) than the mean volume of distribution for the fed pigs (1.39 +/- 0.31 l/kg). Mean total body clearance of the drug was also significantly less (P less than 0.05) in the fasted pigs (0.165 +/- 0.055 l/kg/h) as compared to the fed pigs (0.307 +/- 0.053 l/kg/h). The elimination constants (beta) were not found to be statistically different (P less than 0.05): 0.1811 +/- 0.0057 for the fasted pigs; 0.2260 +/- 0.0461 for the fed pigs. The bioavailability for both groups was similar; 19.12 +/- 8.3% for the fasted pigs and 17.88 +/- 5.3% for the fed pigs. In a second experiment three groups of six pigs which weighed 34.5-44.1 kg were fed a corn-soy diet ad libitum. The rations were fortified with chlortetracycline at 100, 400 or 1000 mg chlortetracycline hydrochloride/kg feed. Chlortetracycline concentrations were determined in plasma samples collected over a 6-day period. Plasma chlortetracycline concentrations reach a plateau within 24 h after initial access to the trial diets and were highly correlated with the dose of the drug consumed (r2 = 0.97). 相似文献
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2005年如果没有年底的禽流感疫情,对于我国蛋鸡、肉鸡生产来说应该是一个非常完美的丰收年,是哪些因素导致了2005年蛋鸡市场如此好的行情?2006年我国家禽市场又将走向何方?……作者对以上热点问题进行了深入分析研究,供读者参考。 相似文献
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b. bengtsson s-o. jacobsson j. luthman & a. franklin 《Journal of veterinary pharmacology and therapeutics》1997,20(4):258-261
Concentrations of penicillin-G in serum were determined after single intravenous doses of potassium penicillin-G (10 mg/kg body wt) to ewes and cows in late pregnancy and in early lactation. Penicillin-G in serum was analysed by a microbiological method and pharmacokinetic parameters were calculated by model-independent methods. Serum concentrations were lower in early lactation than in late pregnancy in both ewes and cows. The differences were statistically significant at most sampling times in ewes but only during the first hour in cows.
Weight corrected values of clearance and volume of distribution were significantly higher in early lactation than in late pregnancy in both ewes and cows. Mean residence time and elimination-half life were shorter in lactating than in pregnant ewes, however for the latter parameter the difference was not statistically significant. Neither of these parameters changed in cows.
It is concluded that in both ewes and cows pharmacokinetic parameters of penicillin-G are altered from late pregnancy to early lactation but that these changes have little practical impact and do not call for a revised dosage regime of the studied drug. 相似文献
Weight corrected values of clearance and volume of distribution were significantly higher in early lactation than in late pregnancy in both ewes and cows. Mean residence time and elimination-half life were shorter in lactating than in pregnant ewes, however for the latter parameter the difference was not statistically significant. Neither of these parameters changed in cows.
It is concluded that in both ewes and cows pharmacokinetic parameters of penicillin-G are altered from late pregnancy to early lactation but that these changes have little practical impact and do not call for a revised dosage regime of the studied drug. 相似文献
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Siamudaala VM Bwalya JM Munang'andu HM Munag'andu HM Sinyangwe PG Banda F Mweene AS Takada A Kida H 《The Japanese journal of veterinary research》2006,54(1):15-23
Anthrax is endemic in Western and North-western Provinces of Zambia. The disease occurs throughout the year and impacts negatively on the economy of the livestock industry and public health in Zambia. During 1989-1995, there were 1626 suspected cases of anthrax in cattle in Western province and of these 51 were confirmed. There were 220 cases of human anthrax cases in 1990 alone and 248 cases during 1991-1998 with 19.1% and 7.7% case fatality rates, respectively. Interplay of the ecology of affected areas and anthropogenic factors seem to trigger anthrax epidemics. Anthrax has drawn considerable attention in recent years due to its potential use as a biological weapon. In this paper, the history, current status and approaches towards the control of the disease in Zambia are discussed. Quarantine measures restrict trade of livestock and exchange of animals for draught power resulting in poor food security at household levels. Challenges of anthrax control are complex and comprise of socio-political, economical, environmental and cultural factors. Inadequate funding, lack of innovative disease control strategies and lack of cooperation from stakeholders are the major constraints to the control of the disease. It is hoped that the information provided here will stimulate continued awareness for the veterinary and medical authorities to maintain their surveillance and capabilities against the disease. This may lead to a culminating positive impact on livestock and human health in the southern African region. 相似文献