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利用生物性状检测青蒿的遮阴性能 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
试验采取盆栽,三次重复,以2个不同青蒿为材料,在遮阴和正常两个条件下,利用生物性状检测青蒿的遮阴性能。结果表明,遮阴条件下,青蒿地上部干重、地下部干重、株高、叶面积、叶绿素含量、类胡萝卜素含量和青蒿素含量均减少,经过方差分析,2个青蒿材料各项指标遮阴和正常两个条件下差异显著, 青蒿叶片青蒿素与地上部干重、叶绿素含量和类胡萝卜素达1%显著相关。 相似文献
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本文从青蒿的形态、产地、种子、生长环境、栽培技术、采收时间等因素对青蒿中青蒿素含量可能产生影响的已有研究成果和结论进行了归纳,以期对强化青蒿育种、规范种植和管理、促进青蒿合理的开发起到一定的参考作用. 相似文献
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栽培型与野生型青蒿愈伤组织及毛状根的诱导 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
为了比较栽培型与野生型引种青蒿愈伤组织及毛状根的诱导差异,以2种类型青蒿种子为材料,在不加激素的MS培养基中诱导青蒿苗,并利用青蒿的根、茎和叶片在MS+6-BA 0.5 mg/L+IBA 0.5 mg/L诱导愈伤组织,发根农杆菌C58C1、ATCC15834和Accc10600诱导毛状根。结果表明青蒿愈伤组织诱导效率以根最佳,其次为茎和叶片。农杆菌C58C1和ATCC15834分别以青蒿的根和叶片的诱导率可达100%和70%;Accc10600菌种不能诱导青蒿叶片毛状根发生,但是可诱导根生出毛根的芽点。该研究为青蒿素的生物反应器规模化生产奠定了基础。 相似文献
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修剪对青蒿花蕾青蒿素含量的影响 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
研究修剪青蒿植株下部衰老叶片后青蒿花蕾青蒿素含量。试验采取盆栽,3次重复,以6个不同来源地的青蒿为材料,在修剪和未修剪2种栽培模式下,研究修剪青蒿植株下部衰老叶片后青蒿花蕾青蒿素含量、叶片总黄酮含量、叶片苯丙氨酸解氨酶(PAL)活性含量、叶片的叶绿素含量和叶片的磷酸烯醇式丙酮酸羧化酶(PEP)活性含量以及青蒿植株花蕾鲜重的变化。青蒿花蕾青蒿素含量、叶片总黄酮含量、叶片苯丙氨酸解氨酶活性含量、叶片的叶绿素含量和叶片的磷酸烯醇式丙酮酸羧化酶活性含量以及青蒿花蕾鲜重均增加。经过方差分析,6个青蒿材料各项指标在修剪和未修剪2种栽培模式下差异显著。 相似文献
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试验以3份青蒿为材料,在遮阴和正常两种条件下,研究遮阴条件下青蒿花蕾青蒿素含量、花蕾鲜重、花蕾直径、可溶蛋白质含量和可溶糖含量以及超氧化物歧化酶活性（SOD）、苯丙氨酸解氨酶(PAL)和总黄酮含量（Total Flavonoids）含量的变化。结果表明,遮阴条件下,青蒿花蕾青蒿素含量、花蕾鲜重、花蕾直径、可溶蛋白质含量和可溶糖含量均减少,SOD、PAL和总黄酮含量均增加,经过方差分析,3个青蒿材料各项指标遮阴和正常两个条件下差异显著。 相似文献
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本研究对36份三峡库区不同来源的青蒿种质资源的遗传多样性进行AFLP和RAPD分析,并对两种检测结果进行比较.AFLP分析结果表明青蒿种质资源的遗传距离在0.000 0～0.196 7 cM之间,平均为0.091 1 cM;RAPD分析结果表明青蒿种质资源的遗传距离在0.000 0～0.325 4 cM之间,平均为0.1614 cM.青蒿种质资源遗传相似系数按类平均法,AFLP和RAPD均可分为4类.其中,36份青蒿种质资源中的20份(55.6%)AFLP的分类结果与RAPD的分类有较好的一致性. 相似文献
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青蒿又名香蒿，是一种来源十分丰富的饲料与良药。青蒿春天生长，茎长1米左右，分枝生长，叶细裂如丝，色鲜绿。干青蒿含水分10．2％、粗蛋白5．4％、粗脂肪2．2％、粗纤维28．2％、无氮浸出物44．6％、灰分9．4％，营养价值比稻草高。 相似文献
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正2015年10月5日,瑞典卡罗琳医学院宣布中国女药学家屠呦呦荣获2015年诺贝尔生理学或医学奖,获奖理由是"有关疟疾新疗法的发现"——可以显著降低疟疾患者死亡率的青蒿素。一时间,"青蒿素"一词火遍大江南北。青蒿,为菊科一年生或二年生草本植物,我国是青蒿的主要产地,占全球总产量的90%以上。而重庆三峡库区武陵山一带,以其适宜的气温、降雨及土壤等条件,特别适合优质青蒿生长,是全国青蒿资源最 相似文献
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RAPD和AFLP标记分析中国马铃薯主要品种的遗传多样性 总被引：17，自引：0，他引：17
采用RAPD 和AFLP两种方法分析71份中国各地马铃薯主要品种,均可将其完全区分,并可对其进行分子鉴定;证明中国马铃薯主要品种遗传组成上差异小,遗传多样性差。由于标记方法的原理差异和栽培马铃薯遗传组成复杂性,用2种方法分类的结果有所差异。AFLP标记检测获得的Shannon-weaver指数和Simpson指数均高于RAPD标记检测的结果,AFLP标记检测多态性的能力远高于RAPD标记。AFLP标记平均每个引物组合检测到100.1个位点,其中54.9条为多态性位点,而RAPD标记的相应数据分别为12.5和9.8个。不同的标记方法在马铃薯遗传多样性研究中存在差异,聚类结果从分子水平反映了中国现有主要马铃薯品种遗传基础的狭窄。 相似文献
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马铃薯品种遗传多样性的AFLP分析 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
利用AFLP分子标记技术对19份克新系列马铃薯品种进行了遗传多样性分析,用30对引物组合进行了初筛,选出7对有多态性的引物组合进行了详细研究。每对AFLP引物组合扩增出54~90条带,共获得495条带,其中多态性条带为302条。AFLP分析表明19个材料的遗传距离介于0.2091~0.7679之间,平均值为0.4811。聚类分析将19份材料划分为4类,其中第2类包括14个品种,占总数73.86%,表明多数品种亲缘关系较近,但有少数品种亲缘关系较远,说明克新系列马铃薯的遗传基础有所拓宽。研究表明：AFLP指纹分析技术具有很高的分辨率,适于进行马铃薯遗传多样性研究 相似文献
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用RAPD、ISSR和AFLP标记分析系谱关系明确的甘薯品种的亲缘关系 总被引：24，自引：1，他引：24
用RAPD、ISSR和AFLP标记对系谱关系明确的7个甘薯品种进行了亲缘关系分析。24个RAPD引物、14个ISSR引物和9对AFLP引物分别扩增出173、174和168条多态性带。3种分子标记在检测甘薯品种间遗传差异上相关程度高，其中RAPD与ISSR之间的相关系数最大为0.9328。用ISSR标记估计的品种间遗传距离为0.1286~1.0932，平均0.4883，大于其余2个标记的估计值。3种分子标记皆可揭示甘薯品种的亲缘关系，其中ISSR标记产生的聚类图与系谱图最吻合，认为ISSR标记更适于分析甘薯品种的亲缘关系。 相似文献
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Karim Sorkheh Behrouz Shiran T. M. Gradziel B. K. Epperson Pedro Martínez-Gómez E. Asadi 《Euphytica》2007,156(3):327-344
Amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) analysis is a rapid and efficient method for producing DNA fingerprints and
molecular characterization. Our objectives were to: estimate genetic similarities (GS), marker indices, and polymorphic information
contents (PICs) for AFLP markers in almond cultivars; assess the genetic diversity of almond cultivars and wild species, using
GS estimated from AFLP fingerprints and molecular characterization; and facilitate the use of markers in inter-specific introgression
and cultivar improvement. The genetic diversity of 45 almond cultivars from Iran, Europe, and America, were studied assaying
19 primer combinations. In addition, several agronomic traits were evaluated, including flowering and maturity times, self-incompatibility,
and kernel and fruit properties. Out of the 813 polymerase chain reaction fragments that were scored, 781 (96.23%) were polymorphic.
GS ranged from 0.5 to 0.96, marker indices ranged from 51.37 to 78.79, and PICs ranged from 0.56 to 0.86. Results allowed
the unique molecular identification of all assayed genotypes. However, the correlation between genetic similarity clustering
as based on AFLP and clustering for agronomic traits was low. Cluster analysis based on AFLP data clearly differentiated the
genotypes and wild species according to their origin and pedigree, whereas, cluster analysis based on agronomic data differentiated
according the pomological characterization. Our results showed the great genetic diversity of the almond cultivars and their
interest for almond breeding. 相似文献
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Forty-one apple (Malus × domestica Borkh.) cultivars were screened for RAPD (Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA) and AFLP(Amplified Fragment Length Polymorphism)
markers. RAPD analysis was performed with 35 arbitrary 10-mer primers, selected from 60 primers tested (kits A, C and E, Operon
Technologies, Inc.). Of a total of 362bands observed, 208 (57.5%) were polymorphic. Three-hundred-and-eighty-one AFLP fragments
were obtained with 8primer combinations, of which 218 (57.2%) were polymorphic. Cultivars differentiated through mutation
were included in this study and showed identical patterns when analysed with both RAPD and AFLP analysis. The estimated genetic
relationships were correlated (r = 73.7%) between the analysis with the two different markers. UPGMA analysis was performed
and dendrograms were constructed using either the data apart from each(RAPD and AFLP) method or combined in a single joint
matrix. The relationships among the forty-one studied cultivars were basically consistent with the known lineage and geographic
origins of the cultivars. The four Portuguese cultivars included in this study clustered together and diverged from the other
cultivars. Apparently they constitute an independent genetic pool, which could be of interest for apple plant breeders.
This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献
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亚麻种质资源遗传多样性与亲缘关系的AFLP分析 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
选取18个中国品种和67份来自世界各地的亚麻材料(包括油用亚麻,农家种和野生种),采用7对引物通过扩增片段长度多态性(AFLP)分子标记分析, 获得168个位点具有多态性,平均每对引物可扩增出24条带。利用NTSYS 2.1采用非加权配对算术平均法(UPGMA)方法聚类分析,计算遗传距离和构建遗传系统进化树。结果显示85份材料在遗传相似系数0.53处分为4类,可以将栽培种和3个野生种区分开来;在遗传相似系数0.67处可以将纤维亚麻划为1类,而绝大多数油用亚麻分成4类,油用亚麻的遗传多样性远高于纤维亚麻;国产纤维亚麻中黑字号品种相似度极高,遗传背景狭窄,而双字号品种多样性稍好。还证明Linum bienne与亚麻栽培种(Linum usitatissimum L.)关系密切,并支持纤维亚麻来自油用亚麻的假说。 相似文献
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AFLP分子标记鉴别大白菜品种 总被引：11，自引：0，他引：11
本试验采用AFLP技术,研究了90份来自7个不同栽培地区的大白菜品种材料。共筛选了20对引物,不同引物组合检测多态性谱带的能力有很大的差异,多态性谱带的数量从9条到32条不等。其中E—ACA／M—CTG是大白菜品种十分高效的引物组合,共产生7l条清晰的扩增带,其中有32条多态性谱带,多态性谱带的百分率为45．7％。通过该引物组合,能将90个品种全部区分开来。同时应用该引物组合检测2个大白菜杂交品种(北京新2号,京夏王)各10株,其中有1株北京新2号的谱带异常,其余同一品种不同单株的带型完全一致。表明AFLP标记用于研究品种指纹图谱,并鉴别品种是完全可行的。 相似文献
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Variation in Capsicum annuum revealed by RAPD and AFLP markers 总被引：16，自引：0，他引：16
Genetic relationships were examined among thirty-four pepper (Capsicum annuum) cultivars of different types. Two types of
PCR-based markers were used, RAPD and AFLP, and their relative effectiveness was compared. A dendrogram based on RAPD markers
separated the large-fruited sweet cultivars from the small-fruited pungent peppers, and the former group showed less divergence
than the latter. The percentage of polymorphic markers was lower for AFLP than for RAPD markers (13 and 22% respectively).
However, AFLP primers amplified on average six times more products than RAPD markers. The average numbers of polymorphic products
per primer were 1.6 and 6.5 for RAPD and AFLP primers, respectively, i.e., AFLP primers were four times more efficient than
RAPD primers in their ability to detect polymorphism in pepper. While four blocky type cultivars were indistinguishable by
RAPD, two AFLP primer pairs were sufficient to distinguish the four cultivars from each other.
This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献