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以中品95-5383为供体材料,绥农14号大豆品种为受体回交,建立一个回交导入系。多次回交获得高世代回交品系,对后代材料 BC1F4进行接种鉴定,选择稳定抗 SMV 株系,利用绥农20×绥农14分离群体中的高油株系,分别与绥农14×中品95-5383中抗 SMV 的株系杂交,聚合高油、SMV 抗性基因到同一材料,筛选出抗 SMV 的高油大豆品系。通过轮回选择、种质资源中有利基因的深层发掘、严格和准确的目标性状选择,达到高效率培育能在产量、品质、抗病性上都有显著提高的优良大豆新材料。 相似文献
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甘蓝多抗性抗源筛选及抗病品种选配鉴定分析 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
通过对甘蓝种质材料815份自交系的主要经济性状和抗病性的初步选择,入选了比较优良的自交系612份。然后利用研究建立的甘蓝室内苗期TuMV、Br、CMV抗性鉴定方法,结合田间自然抗病性鉴定方法,鉴定筛选出H8501、B8502、J8806、B9505等4个抗源。并以抗源为母本,以经济性状优良,配合力高和抗病的另5个自交系为父本杂交18个组合。经对组合抗病性和主要经济性状鉴定分析,结果表现组合均抗病,同时优质性和丰产性均优良的有8个组合,其中4个组合参加品种区域试验并通过了省级和国家品种审定。 相似文献
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爆裂玉米膨爆特性的遗传及杂交种选育研究进展 总被引：25，自引：5，他引：25
综述了爆裂玉米膨爆特性的遗传及其与穗粒性状的相关性、爆裂玉米的育种方法等方面的国内外研究进展。爆裂玉米的膨爆特性是由多基因控制的数量性状，与籽粒产量及大多数穗粒性状呈显著负相关。通过不同爆裂玉米间相互杂交及其与普通玉米杂交、回交或长期的轮回选择，可有效地聚集分散在不同材料、不同个体中的优良性状和有利基因，显著提高育种效果。 相似文献
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小麦抗叶锈病聚合品种中间材料的分子标记辅助选择 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
《分子植物育种》2015,(11)
为高效筛选多小麦抗叶锈聚合品种中间材料中含有的目的基因,加速多抗品种的培育,本研究对以生产上高产优质小麦品种、含有多个高抗叶锈病基因的抗病小麦材料为亲本杂交获得的杂交优势F2代材料进行目的基因的选择,利用Lr10、Lr24、Lr34、Lr37和Lr38的分子标记对目的基因进行分子辅助鉴定。结果从根据目标性状选择的54份材料中快速选择出含有聚合目的基因Lr10、Lr34或Lr24、Lr37、Lr38或含Lr24、Lr38的聚合中间材料47份,鉴定出表现抗叶锈病,但不含有目的基因的聚合材料7份。研究减少了假阳性的选择,缩短育种中的大量筛选与鉴定的过程,提高了目的基因的选择的准确度,并为加速育种进程奠定了基础。 相似文献
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邯6305是以丰产、抗病、低酚品种邯无23为母本,以优质、早熟、抗病虫品种邯5158为父本,经过回交及多代定向选择培育而成的低酚棉花品种。该品种与常规棉产量相当,纤维品质较好,具有高抗枯萎病、抗黄萎病等优良性状,2018年通过河北省农作物品种审定委员会审定(审定编号:冀审棉20189004)。 相似文献
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摘要：针对我国玉米种质遗传基础狭窄,缺少优良抗性种质资源的问题,利用外引温热带玉米种质改良国内种质的方法,即鉴定并发掘外引玉米种质的优良抗病、抗逆基因,通过与国内骨干系杂交或组建抗病、抗逆群体后,鉴别筛选出含抗病、抗逆基因的材料回交纯合,最终选育出新的自交系用于我国杂交种的培育,从而提高国内玉米的抗病性和抗逆性,并利用外来种质的优良抗逆基因选育出特早熟玉米新品种植9831。 相似文献
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以珍汕97B和9311为背景的导入系构建及其筛选鉴定 总被引：9，自引：0，他引：9
以我国主要推广的优良杂交稻亲本（珍汕97B和9311）为受体亲本,以从国际合作网络所征集的品种资源150多份为供体材料,进行了大规模杂交、3-4次回交,1～2次自交,培育珍汕97B和9311为背景的近等基因导入系近5000多份。通过对导入系材料进行品质、耐盐、耐旱、磷高效、氮高效利用等性状的筛选鉴定,获得了大量目标性状的导入系。通过对品质性状导入系的基因型分析,定位了影响粒型的15个染色体区段（或基因）。同时,构建了一套来源于粳稻日本晴的单片段导入系群体。创建的近等基因导入系（群体）为目标基因的发掘、新品种的培育提供重要的材料基础。 相似文献
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Summary Crosses were made between wheat varieties Joss Cambier, Nord Desprez and Maris Bilbo, all classified as susceptible to yellow rust in field tests, and between Cappelle Desprez and Maris Huntsman, both classified as moderately and durably resistant. Selection for resistance to yellow rust among the progeny was carried out using races of Puccinia striiformis able to overcome all the known race-specific components of resistance in both parents of each cross. Lines with greater resistance than in both parents were obtained from each cross, those with greatest resistance being obtained from the cross between the moderately resistant parents. Three lines selected for resistance from the cross of Joss Cambier with Nord Desprez and one from the cross of Cappelle Desprez with Maris Huntsman, together with the parents, were tested in the field with 12 races of P. striiformis. Nord Desprez possessed a previously undetected race-specific component. The selected lines also displayed race-specific resistance, some of which was clearly related to race-specificity of the parents, and a component of resistance, greater than in both parents, that was effective against all 12 races. The possible origin and potential durability of this transgressive level of resistance is discussed. It is suggested that such transgressive resistance is more likely to be durable if it is derived from parents that have shown durable resistance. 相似文献
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J. Robinson 《Euphytica》1999,110(3):175-180
A half-diallel was made between five six-rowed Nordic spring barleys to study the genetics of resistance to net blotch. Twenty-five
doubled-haploid (DH) lines from each cross and the parents were sown in hill plots in Finland in 1997 and 1998. The plots
were artificially inoculated with Pyrenophora teres Drechs. f. teres Smedeg. and assessed for resistance to net blotch. There were statistically significant differences in resistance of the
five parents to net blotch. General combining ability (GCA) of the parents and specific combining ability (SCA) effects in
the progeny were statistically significant in both years, but GCA effects predominated. Evidence for additive epistasis was
minimal. Progeny of a particular cross were less resistant to net blotch than the better parent. The most resistant progeny
were derived from the cross between the two most resistant parents, Pohto and WW7977, and resistance was governed by at least
eleven effective factors. Narrow sense heritability estimates for resistance to net blotch were high during both years (0.84–0.99).
It appears that net blotch resistance of progeny from crosses can be largely predicted from reactions of the parents. Quantitative
resistance to net blotch can be further advanced by identification and incorporation of superior parents, from a screening
such as reported here, into a recurrent selection breeding programme.
This revised version was published online in August 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献
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为了选育持久抗耐多种病害的小麦核心抗病种质,以奥地利黑麦、中间偃麦草和野生二粒小麦为抗源,采用单交、复合杂交、回交、阶梯式杂交等多种组配方式,将基因逐步累加、聚合到一起。选育中以不丢失抗性基因为前提,以抗旱耐寒为适应性选择的基本标准。育成的小麦新品系远丰139半冬性,耐寒、抗旱,株型结构好,产量高,品质好。经西北农林科技大学植保系鉴定对条锈病免疫,对白粉病和叶枯病高抗,中抗赤霉病。经农业部谷物品质检测中心分析,品质达到国标精制级面条用小麦粉标准。2005年陕西省区试较对照小偃22增产5.6%。 相似文献
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Summary In studies of the inheritance of resistance, pea seedlings of seven lines in which stems and leaves were both resistant to Mycosphaerella pinodes were crossed with a line in which they were both susceptible. With seven of the crosses resistance was dominant to susceptibility. When F2 progenies of five crosses were inoculated on either stems or leaves independently, phenotypes segregated in a ratio of 3 resistant: 1 susceptible indicating that a single dominant gene controlled resistance. F2 progenies of one other cross gave ratios with a better fit to 9 resistant: 7 susceptible indicating that two co-dominant genes controlled resistance. The F2 progeny of another cross segregated in complex ratios indicating multigene resistance.When resistant lines JI 97 and JI 1089 were crossed with a susceptible line and leaves and stems of each F2 plant were inoculated, resistance phenotypes segregated independently demonstrating that leaf and stem resistance were controlled by different genes. In two experiments where the F2 progeny of the cross JI 97×JI 1089 were tested for stem and leaf resistance separately, both characters segregated in a ratio of 15 resistant:1 susceptible indicating that these two resistant lines contain two non-allelic genes for stem resistance (designated Rmp1 and Rmp2) and two for leaf resistance (designated Rmp3 and Rmp4). Evidence that the gene for leaf resistance in JI 1089 is located in linkage group 4 of Pisum sativum is presented. 相似文献
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Summary Barley powdery mildew was used as a model to evaluate the potential of barley composite cross populations for conservation of disease resistance. The objective was to determine if increases in resistance to powdery mildew could be detected over periods of time in composite cross populations developed in California, where the disease might have had a selective influence on the populations, and the same populations grown in Montana, where no selective influence of powdery mildew was expected. Four isolates of Erysiphe graminis f. sp. hordei were used to monitor the frequencies of plants with specific mildew resistances through early, intermediate and late generations of three composite cross populations (CCII, CCV, CCXII) grown at Davis, California, and Bozeman and Moccasin, Montana. Changes in frequencies of plants resistant to the four isolates were observed between generations in all populations from the three locations. Trends in the frequencies of resistance are discussed in relation to selection pressure applied by E. graminis. It is suggested that associations with gene complexes other than resistance to E. graminis might help to explain the increased resistance observed in these studies.This research was funded in part by U.S. Agency for International Development Contract No. AID/DSAN-C-0024. The authors are grateful to Dr A. L. Kahler for seed of the composite cross populations and to Dr J. G. Moseman for the powdery mildew cultures.Cooperative investigations of the Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture; the Department of Plant Pathology, Montana State University; and The Montana Agricultural Experiment Station. Journal Series Paper No. 1381 of the Montana Agricultural Experiment Station. 相似文献
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养殖废水中抗生素与重金属交叉抗性微生物的筛选及其抗性研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
为了探索废水中具有抗生素和重金属交叉抗性的微生物的抗性机制以及抗性微生物的种类,直接从含养殖场废水的选择培养基中分离菌种,通过设计试验,观察其在含有重金属(Pb2+：33.33 mg/L,Cr6+：34.67 mg/L,Hg2+：16.67 mg/L,Cu2+：33.33 mg/L)和抗生素（阿莫西林A：3.33 mg/L,诺佛沙星N：2.67 mg/L,头孢拉定C：4.17 mg/L）的二元交叉培养基上的生长情况。结果表明：分离得到的7株菌中,4株为G-杆菌,3株为G+杆菌。所有二元交叉培养基上均有抗性菌生长,G-菌的抗性明显强于G+菌,其中1#菌具有六重交叉抗性(Pb+A、Cr+N、Hg+N、Hg+C、Cu+A、Cu+C),4#和7#菌均只具有一重交叉抗性,分别为Cu+N和Cr+C,具有Hg+N交叉抗性的菌最多,有4株,而具有Cr+N、Pb+C、Cu+C或Cr+C交叉抗性的菌均只有1株,菌种对抗生素的抗性强于对重金属的抗性。因此,养殖废水排放可能引发抗生素和重金属交叉抗性微生物的公众健康危害。 相似文献
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Catherine Dogimont Angelica Bussemakers Jérôme Martin Sofiane Slama Hervé Lecoq Michel Pitrat 《Euphytica》1997,96(3):391-395
The genetic control of resistance to cucurbit aphid-borne yellows luteovirus (CABYV) in Cucumis melo L. was studied in three
progenies obtained from the cross between a resistant Indian line, PI 124112, and a susceptible cultivar of Charentais type,
Védrantais. An F2 progeny and recombinant inbred lines were screened respectively in 1993 and 1995 under natural infection
conditions in open field at Montfavet, France whereas the back cross (PI 124112 × F1) was inoculated by viruliferous Myzus
persicae in controlled conditions. ELISA was used for assessing degree of virus multiplication in the plants resistance. In
the three trials performed, segregation analysis were consistent with the hypothesis that the resistance to CABYV in PI 124112
is conferred by two independent complementary recessive genes, for which the symbols cab-1 and cab-2T are proposed.
This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献
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Stenocarpella ear rot of maize caused by Stenocarpella maydis (Berk.) Sutton is one of the most important ear rot diseases in South Africa. The objective of this study was to identify
suitable maize inbred lines and top cross hybrids with Stenocarpella ear rot resistance and high grain yield. The study was conducted using 54 inbred lines and 54 top crosses with selected standard
checks under natural and artificial disease inoculations. A split-plot design was used with three replications. There were
considerable variations among tested inbred lines and top crosses for Stenocarpella ear rot resistance and grain yield. Two promising inbred lines GCI-35 and GCI-50 were selected possessing resistance to Stenocarpella ear rot and increased grain yield. Inbred line GCI-35 had a grain yield of 6.31 and 6.27 t/ha under natural and artificial
inoculations, respectively. Line GCI-50 yielded 5.8 and 5.7 t/ha when tested under natural and artificial disease infestations,
respectively. Two top cross hybrids GCT-14 and GCT-30 were selected with greater grain yield and high level of Stenocarpella ear rot resistance. Top cross entry GCT-14 yielded 7.5 and 9.33 t/ha, respectively, whereas GCT-30 had yield of 7.65 and
9.21 t/ha, respectively. The selected inbred lines and top cross hybrids will be useful in maize improvement for Stenocarpella ear rot resistance and increased grain yield in South Africa or other similar environments. 相似文献
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Inheritance of resistance to Neovossia indica was studied in a Triticum aestivum line HD 29. To overcome the influence of environment on disease expression, the study was conducted by extensive evaluation of advanced generation (F8) recombinant inbred lines (RILs) developed by single seed descent from the cross WL 711 (susceptible) × HD 29 (resistant. The results suggested that HD 29 possesses three major genes for resistance to isolated Ni7 and two genes for resistance to isolate Ni8. One of the two genes controlling resistance to Ni8 is common with one of the genes conferring resistance to Ni7. These observations have important implications in breeding for Karnal bunt resistance. 相似文献