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1.
Borrelia anserina the agent of fowl spirochaetosis, has a worldwide distribution, where it is transmitted by Argas spp. ticks. The present study reports the first molecular characterization and in vitro isolation of an avian spirochaete strain from Brazil, presumably identified as B. anserina originated from naturally infected Argas miniatus ticks. DNA fragments of the rrs and flab genes were amplified by PCR and sequenced to determine phylogenetic similarities. The resulting sequences were 99.8% (483 of 484) and 98.7% (754 of 764) similar to GenBank corresponding sequences of B. anserina rrs and flaB genes, respectively. By neighbor-joining phylogenetic analysis, the flaB sequence of the Brazilian strain clustered in a monophyletic group with the sequence of B. anserina under 100% bootstrap support. The isolate was successfully isolated in BSK medium, with seven passages performed. The spirochaete strain isolated in the present study was genetically identified as B. anserina labeled as strain PL. 相似文献
2.
为了探究鹅绒委陵菜（Potentilla anserina L.）-丛枝菌根真菌（Arbuscular mycorrhiza fungi,AMF）共生体应答干旱逆境的机制,了解鹅绒委陵菜抗旱机理。本研究以鹅绒委陵菜与根内根生囊霉（Rhizophagus intraradices）为试验材料;采用控制变量的方法,以栽植在未接种根内根生囊霉的灭菌土壤的鹅绒委陵菜为对照组,以栽植在接种根内根生囊霉的灭菌土壤的鹅绒委陵菜为处理组;并分别测定其丙二醛（Malondialdehyde,MDA）含量、超氧化物歧化酶（Superoxide dismutase,SOD）活性、过氧化物酶（Peroxidase,POD）活性及可溶性蛋白含量。结果表明：干旱胁迫会影响土壤中丛枝菌根真菌的正常生长;与未接AMF的鹅绒委陵菜相比,鹅绒委陵菜-AMF共生体在干旱条件下,MDA含量降低、SOD和POD活性升高、可溶性蛋白含量升高,表明AMF能够有效减轻干旱胁迫对鹅绒委陵菜的伤害。 相似文献
3.
以不同优势种的6个草地植物群落中鹅绒委陵菜(Potentilla anserina)为材料,通过测定基株、母株、无性系3个等级的构件数量性状及生物量结构,分析鹅绒委陵菜在不同群落中的空间拓展及生物量分配差异,探讨其应对草地群落组成差异的生长策略。结果表明,1)群落组成对母株根系有极显著影响(P0.01),6个群落中母株根长和根数均显著下降(P0.05),基株的子株数及子株根长也显著降低,但子株根数未受显著影响。2)群落组成对无性系匍匐茎茎长、茎直径及间隔子长有显著影响(P0.05),群落中鹅绒委陵菜通过降低茎直径、增大间隔子长,增加基株的空间拓展能力。3)群落组成对基株纵向、横向拓展参数有显著影响(P0.05),群落中鹅绒委陵菜显著增加基株拓展面积和拓展空间,降低拓展熵和拓展效益,以游击型生长方式,觅养或逃离环境资源。4)群落组成显著降低了基株、母株、无性系生物量累积(P0.05),群落中基株生物量优先向母株分配,母株生物量优先向叶分配,群落中无性系生物量分配比虽下降,但匍匐茎分配比呈增加趋势。5)群落组成对基株生物量配置有显著影响(P0.05),多数群落中显著增大了基株根茎比、叶茎比。综上所述,鹅绒委陵菜通过形态可塑性,在6个群落中均可存活和生长,其基株拓展能力和生物量配置除受群落盖度影响外,或许还受群落物种的生物学特点和无性系子株间竞争的影响,有待深入研究。 相似文献
4.
Antigenic cross-reactivity between Borrelia burgdorferi and Borrelia anserina was studied using mouse immune sera and monoclonal antibodies. With immune sera, significant cross-reactivity between B. burgdorferi and B. anserina was demonstrated by indirect immunofluorescent assay. In immunoblots, most of the cross-reactivity was shown to be associated with the periplasmic flagella. Using monoclonal antibodies in immunoblots, it was shown that B. burgdorferi and B. anserina shared at least two flagellar epitopes, one of which was not shared with Borrelia hermsii or Borrelia coriaceae. Sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis profiles of whole cell lysates and the use of a species-specific monoclonal antibody (H5332) which reacts with a major outer surface protein (Osp A) of B. burgdorferi readily differentiated the two species at the molecular level. 相似文献
5.
During the first 10 years of its existence, the Department of Parasitology and Entomology of the Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ahmadu Bello University in Zaria, Nigeria, confirmed or described for the first time the occurrence of 25 different tick-borne parasites of domestic animals in the northern part of the country. Most of these organisms occur as inapparent infections but may serve as complicating factors in any adverse host condition. The transmission of Babesia bigemina by Boophilus decoloratus, Cowdria ruminantium by Amblyomma variegatum, and Borrelia anserina and Aegyptianella pullorum by Argas persicus was confirmed under Nigerian conditions. 相似文献
6.
A mild strain of Borrelia anserina was transmitted to chicks by an argasid tick identified as Argas (Persicargas)sanchezi Dugès, 1887. Disease was transmitted regularly to chicks less than 2 to 3 weeks old, and rarely to chicks 4 weeks old or older. This spirochete isolate was demonstrated to be immunologically and serologically diverse from an isolate obtained earlier in Arizona. This is the first report of transmission of B anserina by A(P) sanchezi and of the presence of different serologic and immunologic isolates of this spirochete in the United States. 相似文献
7.
K P Lander 《The British veterinary journal》1990,146(4):327-333
A transport and enrichment medium was developed for Campylobacter fetus. From inocula of between 10 and 35 organisms the medium was able to support the multiplication of 19 of 21 strains of C. fetus if the medium was incubated immediately after inoculation; when incubation was delayed for 3 days after inoculation, only seven of the 21 strains multiplied. From inocula of 100-350 organisms all 21 strains multiplied following immediate incubation, and 20 of 21 when incubation was delayed for 3 days. From inocula of about 10(4) organisms all strains multiplied following immediate or delayed incubation. The medium restricted the growth of Proteus vulgaris and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. 相似文献
8.
微卫星序列(SSR)因具有分布广、共显性遗传、稳定、多态性丰富等优点而被广泛应用于动植物遗传研究中。利用EcoRⅠ,MseⅠ2 种内切酶酶切蕨麻基因组,酶切片段与用生物素标记的探针(AG)15、(GT)15杂交,然后通过链霉亲和素磁珠富集、含有SSR片段的基因组片段被吸附,再经洗脱、PCR扩增、克隆和测序,完成微卫星序列的收集。共获得有效克隆236个,随机挑选其中80个进行测序,结果显示68条序列(85%)为唯一序列,挑选出其中40条含有SSR位点的序列,用引物设计软件Primer 5 成功设计出 40 对引物,经初步筛选,最终获得多态性丰富,可稳定扩增的SSR引物20对,扩增成功率达50%。对20对引物扩增结果做了初步分析,扩增出多态性位点共338个,平均每对引物扩增出17个,平均有效等位基因数(Ne)、多态性信息含量(PIC)、Nei’s 基因多样性指数(H)和Shannon’s 信息指数(I)平均值分别为1.2440、0.8996、0.1768和0.3078。20对SSR引物为蕨麻遗传变异研究提供了新的分子标记工具。 相似文献
9.
The traditional diagnostic test for Tritrichomonas foetus involves collection of preputial or vaginal samples followed by culture in a growth media and microscopic examination. Recently, polymerase chain reaction (PCR) techniques have been described for use as a diagnostic assay. The objective of this study was to evaluate a previously described PCR assay for detecting T. foetus in cultured preputial material. The detection limits of the assay for T. foetus organisms in a growth medium, in samples prepared from washing microscope slides, and in preputial material cultured in a growth medium were determined. Preputial samples were collected from 13 bulls uninfected with T. foetus. The PCR assay was able to detect 5 T. foetus organisms in the growth medium and the cultured preputial material. Amplification products were obtained from samples prepared from washes of microscope slides containing as few as 3 visualized organisms. The PCR assay was able to detect organisms in culture at a lower concentration than was possible by direct microscopic examination. This low detection limit may allow the PCR assay to be used to enhance the sensitivity of the current diagnostic test. In addition, the assay could be used to confirm the identification of T. foetus organisms observed by direct microscopic examination when other confirmation techniques, such as staining and phase microscopy, are not practical. 相似文献
10.
通过研究自然条件下模拟平流层臭氧破坏5%时近地表面增加的太阳UV-B辐射对高寒草甸4种典型植物(矮嵩草Kobresia humilis、垂穗披碱草Elymus nutans、麻花艽Gentiana straminea和鹅绒委陵菜Potentilla anserina)的抗氧化系统的影响表明,尽管各植物的抗氧化系统组分变化不同,但4种植物的膜脂过氧化程度没有加剧,长期增强UV-B辐射没有对膜系统造成损伤.在自然长期增强UV-B条件下,4种植物的膜脂过氧化产物--丙二醛(MDA)含量与对照相比无显著差异.垂穗披碱草、鹅绒委陵菜的谷胱甘肽(GSH)含量增加,麻花艽的超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性与鹅绒委陵菜的过氧化氢酶(CAT)活性上升,同时麻花艽的类胡萝卜素(Car)含量亦显著增加.可见这些植物已能很好地适应UV-B强辐射,其抗氧化能力除了与抗氧化系统各组分的协同作用有关外,也可能与种的适应性有关. 相似文献
11.
Biddle MK Fox LK Hancock DD 《Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association》2003,223(8):1163-1166
OBJECTIVE: To determine patterns of mycoplasma shedding in the milk of dairy cows with intramammary mycoplasma infection. DESIGN: Prospective clinical trial. ANIMALS: 10 Holstein cows with intramammary mycoplasma infection. PROCEDURE: Milk samples were collected from each cow daily for 28 days and plated on mycoplasma agar to evaluate shedding patterns. To determine whether enrichment improved recovery of organisms, some samples were also inoculated in mycoplasma enrichment medium and incubated for 4 days prior to plating. Somatic cell count (SCC) was determined in samples collected weekly. RESULTS: Mycoplasma organisms were not isolated from 81 of 280 (29%) composite milk samples, but > 10(6) colonies/mL were obtained from 151 (54%). Similarly, mycoplasma organisms were not isolated from 433 of 1,008 (43%) quarter milk samples, but > 10(6) colonies/mL were obtained from 392 (39%). For 71 of 104 (68%) samples, mycoplasma organisms were isolated both following direct plating and following enrichment; for 24 of 104 (23%), mycoplasma organisms were isolated only following enrichment; and for 9 of 104 (9%), mycoplasma organisms were isolated only after direct plating. There was a linear correlation between logarithm of the SCC and logarithm of the number of colony-forming units of mycoplasma per milliliter of milk for composite and quarter milk samples. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Shedding of organisms was inconsistent in dairy cows with intramammary mycoplasma infection, increasing the risk of misdiagnosis if multiple milk samples are not tested. 相似文献
12.
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the direct interaction between canine keratinocytes and live Malassezia pachydermatis and thereby determine the role of these organisms in the pathogenesis of epidermal hyperplasia associated with Malassezia dermatitis in dogs. SAMPLE POPULATION: Primary canine keratinocyte cultures established from skin samples obtained from clinically normal dogs. PROCEDURE: The proliferative response of keratinocytes co-cultured with Malassezia organisms for 1, 2, or 3 days was assessed by use of direct manual counting (to determine the number of keratinocytes in both the monolayer and the medium) and immunohistochemical staining techniques involving antibodies against proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) and another cellular proliferation marker, Ki-67. The potential cytotoxic effect of Malassezia organisms was investigated by use of an apoptosis detection kit to label keratinocytes co-cultured with M. pachydermatis that underwent apoptosis. RESULTS: No stimulatory effect of Malassezia organisms on canine keratinocyte proliferation was detected via cell counting and immunohistochemical techniques. However, there was a significant increase in dead keratinocytes in the medium with increasing numbers of Malassezia organisms in the co-culture. More apoptotic cells were observed in keratinocyte monolayers co-cultured with high numbers of M. pachydermatis than there were in monolayers cultured without Malassezia organisms, and the number increased after prolonged incubation. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE: M. pachydermatis did not stimulate canine keratinocyte proliferation in vitro. The results suggested that the epidermal hyperplasia observed in dogs with Malassezia dermatitis is unlikely to be caused by a direct effect of the organism on the keratinocyte cell cycle, but is likely to involve other mechanisms. 相似文献
13.
设置基株,母株,若干克隆片段被分别局部遮光处理,通过测定根,茎,叶的数量性状和生物量,分析局部遮光对鹅绒委陵菜母株,子株,基株形态塑性及生物量配置的影响.结果表明,1)局部遮光对母株株高,叶长,叶宽,叶面积及根系深度有显著影响(P<0.05),局部遮光均可提高母株的株高,叶片长度和总叶面积,不同遮光部位或遮光强度对母株叶宽,单叶面积和根长的影响不同;2)局部遮光对子株叶长,叶面积有显著影响,克隆片段遮光是影响子株叶片大小的主要因素,母株遮光次之;3)局部遮光对克隆片段子株数和新增子株数有显著影响(P<0.05),局部遮光可显著增加基株的克隆片段数(P<0.05),母株遮光对匍匐茎伸长和新克隆片段形成有重要的影响;4)局部遮光对基株根,茎,叶含水量及叶和根生物量累积有极显著影响(P<0.01),遮2个以上克隆片段或遮母株可显著增加基株根生物量累积,但基株完全遮光使根生物量显著低于CK;5)局部遮光对基株茎,叶,根生物量分配比均有极显著影响(P<0.01),遮光对叶分配比影响最大,对茎分配比次之,对根分配比较小;6)局部遮光对基株地上生物量比有极显著影响(P<0.01),遮光部位对基株茎根比和茎叶比有极显著影响(P<0.01),全遮光显著增加基株的茎根比和茎叶比.综上所述,局部遮光对克隆植物鹅绒委陵菜的母株,子株,克隆片段和基株形态塑性和生物量配置有直接的影响. 相似文献
14.
Erdogan HM Cripps PJ Morgan KL 《Journal of veterinary medicine. B, Infectious diseases and veterinary public health》2002,49(10):502-506
A culture technique employing cold enrichment at 4 degrees C followed by selective enrichment and plating at higher temperatures (30 degrees C) was used to isolate Listeria monocytogenes from faecal samples. The samples were held at 4 degrees C for 15 weeks and cultured weekly to assess the sensitivity of the culture after cold storage for different lengths of time. No media, Listeria selective enrichment broth (LSEB), nutrient broth (NB) and saline were used as cold storage medium. Cold storage increased the frequency of Listeria positive samples. The sensitivity of the culture for Listeria spp. and L. monocytogenes was 72 and 94%, and 56 and 61% after third and seventh week of cold storage, respectively. When the results of third and seventh week of cold storage were combined, the sensitivity was 100% for Listeria spp. and 94% for L. monocytogenes. LSEB and NB as storage medium increased Listeria positive samples after the first week of cold storage but did not maintain the increase thereafter while saline had an adverse effect on the growth of the bacteria. However, samples held in no media in a pilot study involving monthly sampling of a herd revealed better results. Detection limit of the culture media was also investigated. The lowest concentration detected by culture media was 3.17 organisms/ml. This was seven organisms/g for known Listeria positive sample. The faecal samples spiked with 10-fold dilutions of L. monocytogenes and held at 4 degrees C revealed that the sample spiked with 3.17 x 10-1 cfu/ml organisms resulted in growth after the second week of cold storage. The results suggest that the culture technique employing cold enrichment followed by selective enrichment and plating is more sensitive, the storage of faecal samples in no media when compared with the samples in storage medium, LSEB, NB and saline, during cold enrichment is a better application and culture of faeces, immediately after collection, at third and seventh week of cold enrichment produce more satisfactory results. 相似文献
15.
Cytotoxin (leukotoxin) production by Pasteurella haemolytica: requirement for an iron-containing compound 总被引：9，自引：0，他引：9
M J Gentry A W Confer E D Weinberg J T Homer 《American journal of veterinary research》1986,47(9):1919-1923
In studies of Pasteurella haemolytica type 1 cytotoxin, filter-sterilized culture supernatants from organisms grown in RPMI-1640 tissue culture medium generally have been used. Supplementation of the medium with 7% bovine fetal serum was shown to be necessary for maximal cytotoxin production, as measured by percentage of bovine peripheral blood leukocytes that were killed. The serum-induced increase in cytotoxicity could not be explained simply by a greater percentage of increase in the number of viable organisms produced in the enriched medium. There also was no correlation between encapsulation of the organisms and cytotoxin production. Several natural iron-containing proteins including transferrin, lactoferrin, conalbumin, and hemoglobin stimulated cytotoxin production in lieu of bovine fetal serum, leading to the conclusion that one function of serum supplementation may be to increase the medium's iron concentration. A number of additional iron-containing and iron-chelating compounds were tested, with the conclusion that the iron concentration of the growth medium, as well as the presence of a suitable carrier molecule, may be critical for efficient cytotoxin production by P haemolytica. 相似文献
16.
A P Britton H L Ruhnke R B Miller W H Johnson K E Leslie S Rosendal 《Canadian journal of veterinary research》1987,51(2):198-203
Ureaplasma diversum has been associated with infertility in the cow experimentally and in naturally occurring cases. However, the pathogenic mechanism is undetermined. The purpose of this study was to determine whether ureaplasmas are pathogenic for bovine morulae in vitro. Twenty-one morulae were recovered from three superovulated, mature, Holstein cows six or seven days postestrus. The embryos were divided into three groups (A,B,C) and incubated for 16 hours at 37 degrees C in humidified air with 10% CO2. Group A was incubated in embryo culture medium alone, Group B was incubated in culture medium with sterile ureaplasma broth added and Group C was incubated in culture medium containing 1.7 X 10(6) colony forming units Ureaplasma diversum strain 2312. After incubation, the morulae were examined using an electron microscope. Structures morphologically identical to U. diversum were present on the outer surface of the zonae pellucidae of all the morulae exposed to the organism and none were present on the unexposed control embryos. No other morphological differences were observed in either the ureaplasma-exposed embryos or the two groups of control embryos. Ureaplasma diversum was isolated from three of the five embryos incubated in culture medium with sterile ureaplasma broth added. These three embryos were recovered from one donor cow which cultured positive for U. diversum from the vulva and flush fluid. This finding suggests that the contaminating organisms entered the embryo culture wells either in the embryo collection medium or attached to the embryos.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS) 相似文献
17.
H K Zhao T Hiramune N Kikuchi R Yanagawa S Ito T Hatta S Serikawa Y Oe 《Zentralblatt für Veterin?rmedizin. Reihe B. Journal of veterinary medicine. Series B》1991,38(10):743-748
FNR medium containing fosfomycin, nalidixic acid, bovine blood and culture supernatant of Rhodococcus equi was prepared by the present authors, and the medium did not inhibit growth of Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis but completely hampered the growth of Bacillus subtilis, Staphylococcus aureus, and Escherichia coli. The culture supernatant of R. equi facilitated detection of suspected colonies of C. pseudotuberculosis due to synergistic hemolysis. Rate of isolation of the organisms (from the trachea, larynx and nasal cavity of 16 slaughtered sheep with caseous abscess in the lung) was higher with FNR, the selective medium, than with nonselective medium. The selective medium was thus found to be useful for isolation of C. pseudotuberculosis from sheep. 相似文献
18.
Elzein S Hamid ME Quintana E Mahjoub A Goodfellow M 《DTW. Deutsche tier?rztliche Wochenschrift》2002,109(10):442-443
Four of 10 donkeys, which showed lesions simulating fistulous withers, were examined clinically with the aim to cultivate and identify the causal agent. Aspiated purulent materials were subjected to bacteriological examination. The causal organisms were recovered in Tryptic Soya agar medium when incubated aerobically at 37 degrees C for up to 5 days. These organisms were found to be actinomycetes-like, Gam positive with stable branching filaments and to form heavy aerial hyphae on colony surface. The isolated organisms ere tentatively identified as Streptomyces sp. on the basis of morphological and cultural characteristics. The initial sequences analysis of the 16S rDNA gene conformed that one of the isolates (SD551) falls within the phylogenetic clade, which encompasses the genus Streptomyces. Studies are underway to further describe the disease and its causal agent. The report represents a good evidence to incriminate Streptomyces in the aetiology of the fistulous withers. 相似文献
19.
Antigenic analysis of Pasteurella haemolytica serovars 1 through 15 by crossed immunoelectrophoresis
Pasteurella haemolytica serovars 1 through 12, grown in broth and on agar plates, and 2 field isolates (types A1 and T10) were used to develop polyvalent crossed immunoelectrophoresis (XIE) reference systems. The maximal number of antigens was revealed by XIE when sonicates of agar plate-grown organisms were used as the immunogen (to produce antibodies) and as the soluble antigen for XIE. Antigens produced from agar plate-grown organisms were less contaminated (by antigenic components of the medium) than were those produced from organisms grown in broth. Seventy-two antigens were detected in sonicated preparations of agar plate-grown P haemolytica. The common antigen of gram-negative bacteria was identified in the P haemolytica XIE reference system; precipitation was observed with rabbit antiserum to the common antigen of gram-negative bacteria isolated from Escherichia coli, as well as with rabbit immunoglobulins (obtained from unvaccinated rabbits). Most preimmune sera from our vaccinated rabbits also precipitated the common antigen. Serovar-specific antigens in the P haemolytica XIE reference system were defined and presumptively identified as part of the bacterial lipopolysaccharide complex by use of the limulus amebocyte lysate test. Partial cross-reactions were found between serovar-specific antigens within each biovar (A and T). Pasteurella haemolytica biovar A-specific and biovar T-specific antigens were defined by crossed-line immunoelectrophoresis. When serovars A13, A14, and T15 were tested in the P haemolytica XIE reference system, they gave high matching coefficient values of 0.98, 0.98, and 0.87, respectively. The proposal to separate P haemolytica biovars A and T into 2 different species was supported by immunotaxonomic data obtained from crossed immunoelectrophoresis, but more extensive studies will be necessary to establish the appropriate taxonomic position of these 2 groups of organisms. 相似文献
20.
用卵黄Skirrow平板调查家禽空肠弯曲菌 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
选用卵黄Ｓｋｉｒｒｏｗ＇ｓ平板及烛缸法加焦性没食子酸制备的微需氧环境，对来自家禽的６５３份样品样进行了空肠弯曲菌的分离培养。其中，鸭盲肠内容物带菌率为７７．３％（８５／１１０）；鸡粪样带菌率３４．８％（４０／１１５）；鹅泄殖腔带菌率３１．７％（ ／１０１）：并对３２７份鸭胴体进行了污染情况调查。结果表明：鸭不仅带菌率高屠宰加工过程中肉品污染较严重（２７．２％，８９／３２７）。试验证实：卵黄Ｓｋｉｒｒｏｗ平板及本试验选用的制激需氧环境方法能满足空弯菌对营养及微需氧要求。同时，在检验程序上用增菌法优于直接法（Ｐ＜０．０１），可提高检出率，我们认为这种方法值得推广。 相似文献