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1.
音乐与蟋蟀鸣声的混合声频对食用菌生长的影响   总被引：3，自引：1，他引：2  
为了考察声波对食用菌生长、产量及营养成分等方面的影响,采用自行开发的声频设备,播放古典音乐与蟋蟀鸣声混合而成的声频,对茶树菇、高温姬菇、黑平、杏鲍菇、秀珍菇、小白菇等6种食用菌的菌丝体进行了7次声波助长试验,对姬菇、黑平和姬菇18号3种食用菌的子实体进行了4次试验。结果表明,此声频可使食用菌的菌丝体生长速度加快10.2%～21%;使子实体提早出菇,提前1～5 d采菇,并可延长采菇天数;4次子实体试验的产量分别增加了15.76%、13.38%、13.05%和7.95%。经对2种子实体成分检测比较表明,姬菇18号的脂肪、蛋白质和粗多糖质量分数分别增加5.88%、8.74%和2.78%,黑平的蛋白质、粗多糖的质量分数分别提高2.37%和43.27%。研究结果为声波助长技术在食用菌生产上的推广应用提供科学依据。  相似文献   

2.
部分大型真菌有媲美甚至超过超累积植物的重金属富集能力,如蛹虫草(Cordyceps militaris)对Zn富集浓度可达20 000mg·kg-1以上,因而在污染环境的生态修复方面有着重要的应用前景。本文综述了近年报道的部分大型真菌的重金属富集能力,分析了不同生长时期、生长部位对重金属的富集特性,并对不同品种做了对比分析。大型真菌对自身重金属富集能力的调控有多种机制,包括胞外聚合物沉淀、细胞壁吸附和细胞内吸收,进入细胞的重金属可通过螯合、转运或引起氧化胁迫应激等途径来降低对细胞的毒害。基于大型真菌重金属富集能力强的优势,本文提出了拓展应用的方向及对目前存在问题的若干对策,从而为国内这一方向的发展提供参考。  相似文献   

3.
The effects of fruiting body maturity on chemical composition and antimicrobial activity of the wild mushrooms, Lactarius deliciosus and Lactarius piperatus, were evaluated. Immature and mature samples were analyzed for proximate constituents (moisture, fat, crude protein, ash, carbohydrates), nutritional value, and individual composition in fatty acids and sugars. Protein content, MUFA (monounsaturated fatty acids), and PUFA (polyunsaturated fatty acids) percentages increased with the fruiting body maturity stage, while carbohydrate and SFA (saturated fatty acids) content decreased. The maturity stage did not significantly affect the individual sugar profile. The antimicrobial activity of the mushrooms was screened against Gram positive and Gram negative bacteria and fungi, and correlated to the amounts of phenols, flavonoids, ascorbic acid, beta-carotene, and lycopene present in the immature and mature fruiting bodies. Mature fruiting bodies with mature spores presented lower antimicrobial activity, which was in agreement with the bioactive compound content found in those samples.  相似文献   

4.
Raspberry fruits were harvested at five developmental stages, from green to red ripe, and the changes in cell wall composition, pectin and hemicellulose solubilization, and depolymerization were analyzed. Fruit softening at intermediate stages of ripening was associated with increased pectin solubilization, which occurred without depolymerization. Arabinose was found to be the most abundant noncellulosic neutral sugar in the cell wall and showed dramatic solubilization late in ripening. No changes in pectin molecular size were observed even at the 100% red stage. Subsequently, as fruit became fully ripe a dramatic depolymerization occurred. In contrast, the hemicellulosic fractions showed no significant changes in content or polymer size during ripening. The paper discusses the sequence of events leading to cell wall disassembly in raspberry fruit.  相似文献   

5.
杏鲍菇是中国等亚洲国家广泛栽培的一种食用菌,培养基中重金属影响杏鲍菇的生长和品质。采用常规袋栽培技术,通过对杏鲍菇栽培过程中添加不同水平Pb、As、Hg和Cd,研究了其毒害效应、耐受性以及对生长发育、产量的影响。结果表明,在试验设置的浓度范围内,外源添加Pb、Hg、Cd的处理对杏鲍菇菌丝生长均产生抑制作用,菌丝生长速度最低值分别比空白对照降低了24.0%、31.0%、18.7%;但浓度为5～50mg.kg-1的As可能会促进菌丝生长,且添加As的处理促进杏鲍菇提早出菇。杏鲍菇对4种重金属的耐性指数排列顺序为As〉Cd〉Pb〉Hg。添加一定浓度的重金属可导致杏鲍菇细胞变形、细胞壁溶解,且细胞质中形成大量黑色颗粒状结晶异物。因此,在杏鲍菇栽培中应控制其培养料中的重金属含量。  相似文献   

6.
This article investigated the mycochemical profiles and the antioxidant activities of the lipophilic extracts of the white and brown button mushrooms. We found that only free ergosterols were present in both mushrooms at 2.04-4.82 mg/g dry matter (DM). Ergosterol concentration was higher in early growth stages but decreased as the mushrooms grew, and it distributed evenly between the caps and stems during early developmental stages but accumulated more in the caps after maturation. The photochemiluminescence (PCL) values of the two mushrooms were 5.49-10.48 nmol trolox equivalent/mg DM, and the EC50 values of 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) assay ranged 20.19-41.49 mg DM/μg DPPH. The ergosterol content positively correlated with the antioxidant activities (r2>0.89). The total fatty acid content was 8.7 mg/g DM in the white and 5.1 mg/g DM in the brown button mushroom and contained mainly linoleic, palmitic, and stearic acids. Our data provide guidance for optimized harvesting time of mushrooms and maximized health benefits.  相似文献   

7.
Olive fruits at three stages of ripening (green, cherry, and black) have been studied. After cell wall isolation, the compositions of the cell wall and that of the phosphate-soluble polysaccharides were determined. In cell walls, decreases in arabinose, xylose, glucose, and uronic acid levels were observed, together with a slight increase in mannose on ripening. At the beginning of ripening, fragments of pectic polymers were the major constituents of the phosphate-soluble fraction, with the hemicellulosic ones increasing toward the end of the process. The molecular weight of the fragments solubilized was approximately 6 kDa. After cell wall fractionation, the pectic polysaccharides soluble in imidazole and sodium carbonate were also studied. In both fractions, between the green and cherry stages of ripening, a significant loss of homogalacturonans took place. Between the cherry and black stages of ripening, rhamnogalacturonan side chains were also released in addition to homogalacturonans. In any of the pectic fractions, changes in apparent molecular weight were quantified.  相似文献   

8.
The essential oil yield and chemical composition of Salvia officinalis L. (Dalmatica origin) have been analyzed. Leaf samples for essential oil analysis were harvested at different developmental stages after treatment with foliar fertilizer Agroleaf® and foliar fertilizer + thidiazuron. In total, 10 constituents were identified and quantified. The main compounds in the essential oil that increased during the vegetative to the fruiting‐set stage are α‐thujon and camphor, whereas borneol, viridoflorol, and manool decreased. The effect of thidiazuron applied together with foliar fertilizer was established mainly at the flowering stage, increased essential oil yield by 16% over the control, and positively affected the percentage of β‐caryiophylene, α‐humulene, viridoflorol, and manool. Application of foliar fertilizer resulted in a greater increase of essential oil yield at the flowering stage in the combined foliar and thidiazuron application over the control. Both treatments decreased camphor at flowering and fruiting stages.  相似文献   

9.
Select mushrooms were analyzed for proximate constituents and carbohydrate profiles either raw or cooked and at different stages of maturity. White button mushrooms (Agaricus biporus) contained high concentrations of ash (12.5 and 11.9% for immature and mature mushrooms, respectively). Starch and total dietary fiber (TDF) concentrations were higher in maitake (Grifola frondosa) and shiitake (Lentinus edodes) mushrooms. Crude protein (CP) and acid-hydrolyzed fat (AHF) were highest in crimini (Agaricus bisporus) and white button and maitake mushrooms, respectively. Chitin concentrations were highest in portabella (Agaricus bisporus) and enoki (Flammulina velutipes) mushrooms (8.0 and 7.7%, respectively). Oligosaccharides were found in low concentrations in some mushrooms. CP and TDF accounted for 86.4 and 49.3% of mushroom organic matter. Cooking increased starch, TDF, and AHF but decreased CP and chitin concentrations. The chitin concentration increased with mushroom maturity. These results detail the complete carbohydrate profile of several important mushroom varieties.  相似文献   

10.
Cell wall material from Vitis vinifera L. cv. Cabernet Sauvignon grape skin and flesh was isolated at different stages of grape maturity to determine whether developmental changes in cell wall composition in different tissue types influence the binding of proanthocyanidins (PAs). Trends in cell wall adsorption of, and selectivity for, PAs were determined using two skin PAs that differed in their average molecular masses. Flesh cell walls consistently bound a higher amount of PA than those from skin. Key structural differences that reduced PA adsorption in skin cell walls by comparison with flesh cell walls were endogenously higher concentrations of insoluble PA, Klason lignin, and lower cell wall-bound protein. These differences may confer reduced flexibility and porosity of skin cell walls relative to flesh cell walls. Analysis of skin and flesh cell wall properties revealed that the onset of ripening was associated with a loss of type I arabinogalactan and galacturonic acid, which indicated a degradation of pectin within the cell wall. Flesh cell walls consistently bound PAs of larger molecular mass, and changes in PA adsorption properties after the onset of ripening were minor. For skin cell walls, adsorption of PA was lowest immediately following solubilization of galacturonic acid, and high molecular mass PAs were poorly bound. As ripening progressed, PAs of higher molecular mass were selectively adsorbed by skin cell walls, which indicates that ongoing cell wall remodeling during ripening may confer an increased porosity within the skin cell wall matrix, resulting in a greater adsorption of PA within a permeable structure.  相似文献   

11.
The current study was undertaken to measure the antioxidant potential from water and methanolic extracts of fruiting bodies of 23 species of mushrooms naturally grown in different geographic locations of India. The antioxidant ability of each species was analyzed for the total antioxidative status, employing multimechanistic antioxidative assays such as inhibition of lipid peroxidation, determination of reducing power, and free radical scavenging ability, in addition to determination of total phenolics and identification of phenolic acids by HPLC analysis, because the phenolics are known to contribute largely to antioxidant potential. The antioxidant potential of these varieties of mushrooms was determined by summing the antioxidative activity (AOA) of each variety by varied antioxidant assays followed by determining the relative percent of AOA defined as the "antioxidant index" (AI). On the basis of the AI, the mushroom species were graded as very high, high, moderate, and low. Termitomyces heimii was identified as the best variety, which showed 100% AI with 37 mg of phenolics/g of sample, 418 units of reducing power ability (RPA)/g, and an IC50 of approximately 1.1 mg (dry weight)/mL, free radical scavenging activity (FRS) in the water extract followed by 11.2 mg of phenolics/g, 275 units of RPA/g, and an IC50 of approximately 2.7 mg (dry weight)/mL of FRS in the methanolic extract. Following T. heimii, Termitomyces mummiformis exhibited an AI of 86% within the "very high" group. Potent inhibitions of lipid peroxidation of approximately 100 and 69% was also observed in T. heimii and T. mummiformis, respectively. Water extracts ranged from 34 to 49% and methanolic extracts varied from 20 to 32% on dry weight of mushroom fruiting body. Total phenolic compounds were higher in the water extracts (2-37 mg/g) than in methanolic extract (0.7-11.2 mg/g). The AOA measured in the water extract was better than that from the methanolic extract. HPLC analysis of phenolic acids in the two mushroom species, namely, T. heimii and T. mummiformis, displaying maximum AOA potential indicated a preponderance of tannic acid, gallic acid, protocatacheuic acid, and gentisic acid. Studies thus provide the precise antioxidant status of 23 indigenous species of mushrooms, which can serve as a useful database for the selection of mushrooms for the function of preparation of mushroom-based nutraceutics.  相似文献   

12.
热风干燥过程相对湿度对香菇品质的影响   总被引：4，自引：4，他引：0  
为了研究干燥介质相对湿度对香菇品质的影响,该研究将计算机视觉在线检测技术应用于基于温湿度过程控制的热风干燥技术中,利用4种不同的相对湿度控制方法对去柄香菇进行干燥：连续排湿、全程设定恒定相对湿度（40%,30%,20%）、阶段降低相对湿度以及后期迅速降低相对湿度（30%优化,阶段降湿优化）。利用图像信息实时获取香菇外观品质,探究了香菇干燥过程中收缩率、圆度、表面褶皱率（Ratio of Wrinkled Surface Area,RWSA）与纹理特征（对比度、能量）的变化,并利用扫描电镜图像上香菇细胞的长宽比表示干香菇的微观结构,采用气相色谱-离子迁移谱联用（Gas Chromatography-ion Mobolity Spectrometry,GC-IMS）技术获取干香菇的风味成分。研究结果表明,相对湿度对香菇细胞的收缩率、圆度、纹理特征以及结构与复水比均有显著性影响（P < 0.05）,全程40%与全程20%组分别由于其相对湿度过高与维持时间过长,导致干燥时间延长,香菇表面硬化程度降低,收缩率增加,圆度降低,表面褶皱增多且更细密,表面颜色对比度降低,香菇表面褶皱率达到最大值的时间与香菇复水比呈正相关关系（r2 = 0.88）,香菇表面褶皱率达到最大值的时间越晚,香菇复水比越高,通过香菇褶皱率变化可预测香菇复水比。而优化组（30%优化、阶段降湿优化）可缩短干燥时间,加速香菇表面硬化,保持香菇外观品质,虽然其干制品复水比,微观结构与风味成分均不如连续排湿组,但其咀嚼度（P < 0.05）与弹性更高。综合考虑干燥时间与干香菇的品质,优先采用连续排湿,其次采用30%优化的方式干燥香菇。  相似文献   

13.
The characteristics of Cs accumulation and localization in edible mushrooms were examined using the mycelia of Pleurotus ostreatus-Y1. Scanning electron microscope images revealed the existence of white spots, and energy dispersive X-ray microanalyzer analysis indicated the presence of larger amounts of Cs and P in these spots in mycelia cultured on medium containing 25 mM CsCl. The (137)Cs activities in the mycelia were approximately 4-6 times higher than those in water used for (137)Cs elution. Higher Cs concentrations in the sediment fraction including vacuolar pellets were obtained compared to the upper fractions. It was observed that yellowish spots caused by the fluorescence of 4',6-diamidino-2-phenylindole (DAPI)-stained polyphosphate were localized in the mycelia. The higher fluorescence intensity of the yellowish-grained spots was measured in comparison with other regions in the mycelium. These results suggested that Cs in the mycelia was trapped by polyphosphate in vacuoles or other organelles.  相似文献   

14.
菌根真菌对3种兰花幼苗生长作用研究   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  
菌根真菌在兰科植物生活史中具有重要作用。为获得促进兰科植物生长的共生真菌,阐明菌根真菌对兰科植物的作用,本研究对从野生建兰中分离获得的3株共生真菌进行形态学和系统进化分析,并将3株真菌与建兰、硬叶兰和铁皮石斛幼苗在不同浓度燕麦琼脂培养基(OMA)条件下共培养,进行比较研究。结果表明,3株真菌分属于胶膜菌属(Tsc)、角担菌属(Cej3)和蜡壳菌属(Sec),且菌丝和菌落特征存在明显差异;系统进化分析发现,Tsc菌株与Cej3菌株亲缘关系较近,与Sec菌株亲缘关系较远;与兰科植物共培养结果表明,Tsc菌株可在全部OMA浓度条件下与3种兰科植物幼苗建立共生关系,且定殖率均为100%;Cej3菌株和Sec菌株与3种兰科植物在不同OMA浓度条件下定殖时间及定殖率存在差异,且具有一定的专一性;与对照组相比,与真菌共生的兰科植物幼苗的平均鲜重、干重、苗高、根长增长率均明显提高。本研究结果为深入研究兰科植物与真菌共生的分子机制奠定了一定的理论基础,并为兰花种质资源的保护提供了参考。  相似文献   

15.
为揭示不同沙地生境下灌丛化草地土壤有机碳及其组分的分布特征,以宁夏盐池县沙化草原不同沙地生境(丘间低地、固定沙地、半固定沙地、流动沙地)下不同发育期的柠条灌丛斑块及其对应的草地斑块为研究对象,对土壤颗粒组成、土壤有机碳(soil organic carbon,SOC)、颗粒有机碳(particulate organic carbon,POC)及易氧化有机碳含量(labile organic carbon,LOC)进行分析。结果表明:1)各沙地生境发育中期灌丛斑块的SOC、POC、LOC及POC/SOC极显著高于草地斑块(P0.01),而LOC/SOC在灌丛和草地斑块间差异性不显著;2)从丘间低地、固定沙地、半固定沙地到流动沙地,灌丛斑块及其对应的草地斑块SOC、POC、LOC及LOC/SOC均在固定沙地出现峰值,然后呈下降趋势,表明固定沙地及不同沙地生境发育中期的灌丛斑块和草地斑块是SOC、LOC及POC变化的临界点;3)相关分析发现,发育中期2种斑块SOC与POC及LOC间及SOC与LOC/SOC间均呈极显著相关(P0.01),但土壤黏粉粒与各组分有机碳及其分配比率间没有显著相关,因此LOC和POC可作为表征草地退化最敏感的指标。研究可为沙化草原土壤恢复研究提供理论依据。  相似文献   

16.
The montado is an agro-silvo pastoral system characterized by an open oak formation combined with shrubs or a rotation of cultures/pastures/fallow. A key, but frequently overlooked, component of these systems is the fungal community associated with the dominant oaks. We present a study of the basidiomycete community in montado areas of Quercus suber L. from Central-Western Portugal, based on fruiting body assessment and PCR-DGGE of soil mycelium. Soil available phosphorus and organic matter content were also determined. The most frequent fruiting body found in the cork oak montados belonged to Lactarius, Clitocybe, Russula and Cortinarius species. Lactarius chrysorrheus was the most widely distributed species. Soil management practices cause a temporal increase in soil available phosphorus, and harrowing and fertilizer application also result in an increase in soil organic matter content. Mechanical clearing with recent soil disturbance had a negative effect on the richness and diversity of the basidiomycete community assessed using fruiting body. The molecular analysis of the basidiomycete community separated the sites with recent shrub-removal from the others sites. Our results show that soil management techniques that avoid disturbance of the top-soil layers are the best way to preserve the structure and diversity of the soil fungal community in the montado.  相似文献   

17.

Purpose

The subjects of this study were to investigate the remediating potential of the co-cultivation of Pleurotus eryngii and Coprinus comatus on soil that is co-contaminated with heavy metal (cadmium (Cd)) and organic pollutant (endosulfan), and the effects of the co-cultivated mushrooms on soil biochemical indicators, such as laccase enzyme activity and bacterial counts.

Materials and methods

A pot experiment was conducted to investigate the combined bioremediation effects on co-contaminated soil. After the mature fruiting bodies were harvested from each pot, the biomass of mushrooms was recorded. In addition, bacterial counts and laccase enzyme activity in soil were determined. The content of Cd in mushrooms and soil was detected by the flame atomic absorption spectrometry (FAAS), and the variations of Cd fractions in soil were determined following the modified BCR sequential extraction procedure. Besides, the residual endosulfan in soil was detected by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS).

Results and discussion

The results indicated that co-cultivation of P. eryngii and C. comatus exerted the best remediation effect on the co-contaminated soil. The biomass of mushroom in the co-cultivated group (T group) was 1.57–13.20 and 19.75–56.64% higher than the group individually cultivated with P. eryngii (P group) or C. comatus (C group), respectively. The concentrations of Cd in the fruiting bodies of mushrooms were 1.83–3.06, 1.04–2.28, and 0.67–2.60 mg/kg in T, P, and C groups, respectively. Besides, the removal rates of endosulfan in all treatments exceeded 87%. The best bioremediation effect in T group might be caused by the mutual promotion of these two kinds of mushrooms.

Conclusions

The biomass of mushroom, laccase activity, bacterial counts, and Cd content in mushrooms were significantly enhanced, and the dissipation effect of endosulfan was slightly higher in the co-cultivated group than in the individually cultivated groups. In this study, the effect of co-cultivated macro fungi P. eryngii and C. comatus on the remediation of Cd and endosulfan co-contaminated soil was firstly reported, and the results are important for a better understanding of the co-remediation for co-contaminated soil.
  相似文献   

18.
Detection and surveillance of food commodities containing cyanide is a crucial issue of food safety. In this study, five strains of Pleurotus eryngii (P. eryngii) were grown in submerged culture of yeast malt broth (YMB) with the suspected production of HCN. A safety-warranted U-bent glass distilling collector with three enlarged bulbs on each arm was designed to recover the broth vapor. When AgNO(3) solution was used as an absorbent to interact with the vapor, a white precipitate was formed. The precipitate was isolated and identified as AgCN by FT-Raman spectroscopic analysis. When the absorbent was substituted by KOH, after evaporation to dryness, dissolved in D(2)O, and followed by (13)C-NMR analysis, a KCN spectrum was achieved. Formation of AgCN and KCN confirmed HCN production in the broth by P. eryngii. When a sodium picrate solution (1.4%) was used as an absorbent and various authentic KCN solutions were applied for distillation and followed by absorbance determination at 510 nm, a linear dose-dependent relationship was obtained and the procedure was applied for HCN quantification of the marketed P. eryngii mushrooms (fruiting body). As estimated, 67.3% of the products contained HCN less than 1.0 mg/kg, 17.3% between 1.0 and 2.0 mg/kg, and 15.4% higher than 2.0 mg/kg. When the mushrooms were sliced and cooked in water at 95 degrees C for 6 min, 89.1% of the original HCN was lost. When the P. eryngii strains were respectively grown by submerged cultivation in YMB or YMB supplemented with 2.5% glycine for 16 days, HCN content was slightly higher in the latter than in the former for each strain.  相似文献   

19.
【目的】通过分析果实不同生育期叶片光谱反射率对N、 P、 K的响应,探寻采用叶片光谱指数诊断N、 P、 K敏感时期,为新疆莎车‘叶尔羌’扁桃简便快捷的非破坏性营养诊断提供最佳时间窗。【方法】采用“3414”肥料效应试验,利用Unispec-SC光谱仪测定莎车‘叶尔羌’扁桃在不同N、 P、 K施肥水平下果实座果期、 膨大期、 硬核期、 成熟期叶片的光谱反射率。【结果】‘叶尔羌’扁桃果实不同生育期叶片光谱反射率波动取决于波长,在可见光波段变异最小。光谱反射率总体上呈现硬核期＞座果期＞膨大期＞成熟期。在不同N、 P、 K施肥水平下,‘叶尔羌’扁桃果实不同生育期光谱指数(ND705)之间均存在显著差异(P＜0.05)或者极显著差异(P＜0.01)。叶尔羌扁桃果实座果期、 膨大期、 硬核期、 成熟期叶片氮素的敏感波段分别为815~894 nm,375~398 nm,608~616 nm,429~437 nm; 磷素的敏感波段为766~802 nm,1023~1063 nm,708~713 nm,1130 nm; 座果期、 膨大期、 成熟期叶片钾素的敏感波段分别为815~894 nm,345~368 nm,475~491 nm。【结论】果实成熟期与硬核期是N、 P、 K叶片光谱营养诊断的敏感时期。叶尔羌扁桃果实座果期、 膨大期、 硬核期、 成熟期叶片N素的敏感波段分别为815~894 nm,375~398 nm,608~616 nm,429~437 nm; P素的敏感波段为766~802 nm,1023~1063 nm,708~713 nm,1130 nm; 座果期、 膨大期、 成熟期叶片钾素的敏感波段分别为815~894 nm,345~368 nm,475~491 nm。  相似文献   

20.
Total concentrations of mercury were determined using cold-vapor atomic absorption spectroscopy (CV-AAS) in the fruiting bodies of 16 species of wild mushrooms and underlying soil (0-10 cm) substrates collected in the areas of the Communes of Morag and ?ukta in the county of Ostróda in northeastern Poland in 1997-1998. A total of 174 composite samples of caps, 174 stalks, 80 whole fruiting bodies (collectively 1254 specimens), and 252 soils were examined. Among several species of mushrooms analyzed, the greatest concentrations were between 1300 and 71000 ng.g(-1) of dry matter. These levels were found in the caps of Sweating mushroom (Clitocybe rivulosa), King Bolete (Boletus edulis), and Common Puffball (Lycoperdon perlatum) and also were characterized by the highest bioconcentration factors (BCF) for Hg, which ranged between 160 +/- 82 and 110 +/- 34. The cap to stalk quotient for mercury concentrations was approximately 2 for most of the species except Poison Pax (Paxilus involutus), which had a greater concentration in caps than in stalks and a quotient of 4.4 +/- 7.2. Hg concentrations in the underlying soil substrates (0-10 cm layer) ranged between 21 +/- 21 and 390 +/- 130 ng.g(-1) of dry matter. The results showed that the consumption of mushrooms, considered to be the sole dietary source of mercury at the highest or mean element concentrations found, is not hazardous at daily ingestion rates of less than 70 and 210 g of fresh product, which would result in a hazard index value of less than unity.  相似文献   

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