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1.
An experiment of 150 days was conducted on 42 male Nellore lambs (28.3 ± 0.64 kg) to determine the effect of zinc (Zn) supplementation
(0,15, 30 and 45 ppm) in diet from inorganic (ZnSO4) and organic (Zn proteinate) sources on immune response and antioxidant enzyme activities by allotting them randomly to 7
groups in completely randomized design. The basal diet (BD) contained 29.28 ppm Zn. The humoral immune response assessed at
75 d against B. abortus was higher (P<0.01) with 15 or 30 ppm Zn supplementation from organic source. The dose and source had no effect on titres
against chicken RBC antigen. The cell mediated immune response assessed as delayed type hypersensitivity (DTH) response against
phytohaemagglutinin-P and in vitro lymphocyte proliferative response against concanavalin A at 150 d was higher (P<0.05) at 15 ppm Zn supplementation compared
to BD fed lambs. Supplementation of 45 ppm Zn had no positive effect on immune response. The DTH response and antibody titres
against B.abortus were higher (P< 0.05) on Zn proteinate compared to ZnSO4 at 15 ppm Zn supplementation. The lipid peroxidase activity was lower (P < 0.01), while the RBC superoxide dismutase and
catalase activities were higher (P < 0.01) in lambs at 15 ppm Zn supplementation compared to BD diet fed lambs, assessed at
75 d of feeding. Serum globulin concentration and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity (75 d of experiment) was higher in Zn
supplemented lambs. The ALP activity increased (P < 0.01) with increase in Zn supplementation and being higher when supplementation
was from Zn proteinate compared to ZnSO4. The study indicated that 15 ppm zinc supplementation was required for obtaining higher immune response in lambs when fed
a basal diet containing 29.28 ppm Zn and supplementation as Zn proteinate had higher antioxidant enzyme activities and immune
response compared to ZnSO4. 相似文献
2.
C. B. Katongole F. B. Bareeba E. N. Sabiiti I. Ledin 《Tropical animal health and production》2009,41(8):1623-1631
Intake, growth and carcass yield of indigenous goats fed basal diets of market wastes of sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas) vines (SPV) and scarlet eggplant (Solanum aethiopicum) (SEP) were examined in two experiments. In experiment I, the effect of presentation method (chopping, hanging or adding
molasses) on the intake of SEP and SPV was evaluated. Presentation method did not influence the intake of SPV while hanging
resulted in the highest (P < 0.05) intake of SEP. In experiment II, 24 male growing goats were supplemented with a concentrate
(25% cottonseed cake +75% maize bran) in four dietary groups: SEPD, SPVD, SEP+SPV and Control where elephant grass (Pennisetum purpureum) was offered as the roughage. SEP were offered by hanging, while SPV were chopped. The goats were slaughtered after 12 weeks
of feeding. Goats in the SEPD group constantly lost weight, hence were not followed to the end. Average daily gain and hot
carcass weight were highest (P < 0.05) in the SPVD group (44 g/d and 8.4 kg, respectively), but similar between the SEP+SPV
(19 and 6.8) and Control (21 and 6.9) groups. In conclusion, SPV can support goat meat production where standard feed resources
are scarce when fed with an energy-protein concentrate. SEP are poorly consumed by goats, hence cannot be used as their sole
basal feed. 相似文献
3.
Four, rumen fistulated crossbred (Brahman × native) beef cattle steers were randomly assigned to receive four dietary treatments
according to a 2 × 2 factorial arrangement in a 4 × 4 Latin square design. Factor A was carbohydrate source; cassava chip
(CC) or CC + rice bran at a ratio 3:1 (CR3:1) and Factor B was cotton seed meal level (CM); and 109 g CP/kg (LCM) and 328 g
CP/kg (HCM) at similar overall CP levels (490 g CP/kg). The animals were fed 5 g concentrate/kg BW, and urea-treated rice
straw (UTS) (50 g urea/kg DM) was fed ad libitum. Carbohydrate source did not affect feed intake, nutrient digestibility,
blood urea nitrogen, rumen fermentation, or microbial protein synthesis; however, animals fed with CC had a higher population
of total viable bacteria than the CR3:1 treatment (P < 0.05). Animals that received HCM had a lower total feed intake while ruminal pH was higher than the LCM fed treatment (P < 0.05). The population of total viable and cellulolytic bacteria in animals that received HCM were lower than the LCM fed
treatment (P < 0.05). Moreover, use of HCM in beef cattle diets resulted in lower microbial protein synthesis when compared with the LCM
fed treatment (P < 0.05) although efficiency of microbial protein synthesis was nonsignificantly different among treatments. Therefore, cassava
chip combined with rice bran can be used in a concentrate diet for beef cattle. It is also noted that a high level of cotton
seed meal in the concentrate may impact rumen fermentation and animal performance. 相似文献
4.
Aderinboye RY Onwuka CF Arigbede OM Oduguwa OO Aina AB 《Tropical animal health and production》2012,44(5):1079-1087
This experiment investigated the effect of dietary monensin on performance, nutrient utilisation, rumen volatile fatty acid
and blood status in West African dwarf (WAD) goats fed with basal diets of forages. Four concentrate supplements were formulated
to include 0 (MO), 15 (M15), 30 (M30) and 45 (M45) mg monensin/kg dry matter. Twenty-four WAD bucks (7.3 ± 1.20 kg initial
body weight, aged 9–12 months) were randomly allotted to four experimental diets in a completely randomised design for 90 days,
six animals per diet. Results indicated that animals fed M15, M30 and M45 diets had lower (P < 0.01) dry matter and water intake than those fed M0 diet. Crude protein and neutral detergent fibre intakes by the bucks
followed similar trend. Animals on M15, M30 and M45 had better (P < 0.001) feed and protein efficiency ratio than those fed M0 diet. Rumen pH and total volatile fatty acid concentration were
maintained (P > 0.05) while monensin decreased (P < 0.001) acetate/propionate ratio. Blood glucose increased (P < 0.001) from 59.1 mg/dl in animals on M0 diet to 67.8, 66.0 and 66.3 mg/dl in animals on M15, M30 and M45 diets. Overall,
there were no variations among animals on M15, M30 and M45 diets. It is concluded that feeding monensin at 15 to 45 mg/kg
DM of supplemental concentrate diets to West African dwarf bucks could be effective in improving feed and protein efficiency,
manipulating the rumen for increased propionate production and increasing blood glucose levels. 相似文献
5.
This experiment was conducted to investigate the effect of cafeteria (CF) and conventional (CN) feeding systems on feed intake,
feed preferences with respect to voluntary feed source intake, feed conversion rate (FCR) and fattening performance of native
Awassi lambs. Sixteen, 3 month old male lambs were used and kept individually for 70 days. Lambs in CF (n = 8) were offered to consume the main ingredients of barley, soybean meal (SBM), sunflower seed meal (SFM) and alfalfa straw,
separately, while lambs in CN (n = 8) were fed with a concentrate feed containing 11.34 MJ/kg ME, 17.53% crude protein with the mixture of the same feed sources
and alfalfa straw. The initial and final live weights of lambs were similar among groups (P > 0.05). Daily voluntary intake
of ash, fat and neutral detergent fiber (NDF) consumptions among groups were quite different during the experiment (P < 0.001).
Neither biweekly nor total results of voluntary protein intake between groups were not found statistically significant (P > 0.05).
From beginning to the end of the study, the proportional barley intake increased 34 to 43% but reduced for SBM intake from
37 to 23% for the lambs in CF. On the other hand, the SFM intake of lambs did not changed significantly during the experiment
and ranged between 2–5%. Lambs in CF did not consume SFM to meet their protein requirement and had 12.5% better total FCR
result than the lambs in CN (6.86 and 7.84, respectively) (P > 0.05). The difference of average DWG, total live weight gain,
final live weight of lambs in groups were similar (P > 0.05). In conclusion, Awassi lambs in CF can select a diet matching
their nutritional requirements from a group of feed sources in response to their growth period when compared to CN system
and better FCR result might help to decrease the feed expenses for fattening of native Awassi lambs. 相似文献
6.
Mehran Mehri Javad Pourreza Ghorbanali Sadeghi 《Tropical animal health and production》2010,42(3):439-444
Pearl millet grain could be considered as an alternative feed ingredient for poultry. In a 12 wks experiment, the performance
of laying hens fed diets containing pearl millet were compared with those fed diets containing corn. Maize grain was replaced
by pearl millet on an equal-weight at either 0, 25, 50, 75 or 100%. Results showed that use of 25, 50 and 75% of pearl millet
in place of maize in the diet resulted in similar (P > 0.05) hen-day egg production, egg mass, egg weight, feed intake and
feed conversion ratio to those of control group. Totally replacement of maize grain with pearl millet significantly (P < 0.05)
reduced all production parameters. Egg quality parameters did not affect by using pearl millet in the diet. These results
showed that maize grain can be replaced by pearl millet up to 75% in the diets of laying hens without any adverse effect on
hen performance or egg quality. 相似文献
7.
Serhat Karaca Sibel Erdoğan Mehtap Güney Cihan Çakmakçı Muammer Sarıbey Aşkın Kor Hasan Ülker 《Animal Science Journal》2021,92(1):e13561
This study examined how inclusion of dried distillers' grains with solubles (DDGS) in finishing lamb diets for different periods affects some physiological indicators and meat quality. A total of 40 male lambs were divided into four groups according to feeding regimen during the 120-day finishing period as follows: C120: no DDGS included in diet for 120 days; D120: DDGS included in diet for 120 days; D75: no DDGS included in diet for 45 days + DDGS included in diet for 75 days; D45: no DDGS included in diet for 75 days + DDGS included in diet for 45 days. Dietary inclusion rate of DDGS was 27.5%. Fattening performance and rumen parameters were not affected by treatment. Feeding regimens had no significant effect on meat quality except the instrumental tenderness and juiciness score. DDGS fed lambs had higher level of total trans fatty acids and n-6/n-3 ratio in meat. 10t-C18:1, 11t-C18:1 and 9c,11t conjugated linoleic acid contents of adipose tissue were higher in all the DDGS groups compared with C120 lambs (p < .001). These results suggest that soybean meal can be replaced with corn DDGS in lamb diets for up to 120 days during the finishing period with no adverse effects on some physiological response feedlot performance and meat quality. 相似文献
8.
Carine Marie-Magdeleine Léticia Liméa Tatiana Etienne Cicero H. O. Lallo Harry Archimède Gisele Alexandre 《Tropical animal health and production》2009,41(7):1531-1538
A study was done to evaluate banana (Musa paradisiaca) as a forage (leaves and pseudo-stems) for feeding Ovin Martinik lambs (OMK), with the aim to test its impact on carcass quality.
Forty four intact OMK male were used after weaning with an initial mean live weight of 14.4 (± 3.3) kg, reared in individual
pens. Animals were offered either Dichantium hay (control diet, Dh) or cut chopped leaves and pseudo-stems of banana (experimental diet, Blps). They were fed 200—250 g.d−1 of commercial concentrate. Lambs were slaughtered according to 3 classes of slaughter weight (SW): SW20, SW23 and SW26. Growth
and carcass performances of both groups were not significantly different, 77 vs. 81 g.d−1 and 42% vs. 43% hot carcass yield, for Dh vs. Blps, respectively. There was a significant (P < 0.05) decrease (31.0 vs. 29.7%)
for the dry matter content of the shoulder for lambs fed the banana diet. However, there was no effect observed for the other
chemical component (CP, lipid and mineral 585, 317 and 95 g.kg−1DM, respectively). The shoulder (20% of the carcass whatever the SW) was precocious as demonstrated by the allometry coefficient
relative to carcass weight (0.894) significantly (P < 0.01) less than 1. It was concluded that, the use of Blps had no significant
effect on growth, carcass weights and yields of the OMK lambs, irrespective of the class of the slaughter weight. From these
initial results, the use of banana foliages and pseudo-stems could be recommended as sources of forages. 相似文献
9.
L. R. García-Winder S. Goñi-Cedeño P. A. Olguín-Lara G. Díaz-Salgado C. M. Arriaga-Jordán 《Tropical animal health and production》2009,41(8):1615-1621
Two experiments were undertaken to evaluate the use of pods from Huizache (Acacia farnesiana), common in the arid and semiarid regions of Mexico, on the perfromance and apparent digestibility in Pelibuey Mexican hair growing ewe lambs. Twenty-four Pelibuey ewe lambs were used in the animal performance experiment, with a mean live weight of 14.91 ± 1.48 kg, randomnly allocated
to three groups which received ad libitum for 77 days (11 weeks) experimental whole rations T0 with 0%, T12 with 12% or T24 with 24% inclusión of dried and ground
Huizache pods. Dry matter intakes (g/kg 0.75 daily) were 83, 95, 90 for T0, T12, and T24 respectively (P > 0.05). Mean daily live-weight gain was 90, 75, and 63 g/day
for T0, T12, and T24 (P < 0.001). Nine Pelibuey ewe lambs were used to determine apparent digestibility in vivo of the experimental diets using a 3 × 3 latin square design repeated three times. There were differences in the digestibility
of dry matter (P < 0.001), organic matter (P < 0.001), nitrogen (P < 0.031), neutral detergent fibre (P < 0.002), and acid
detergent fibre (P < 0.001) being lower in T24. Huizache pods may be an alternative feed when included up to 12% of dry matter in the diets for sheep growing moderately. 相似文献
10.
Ranjan K. Mohanta Kamal K. Singhal Amrish K. Tyagi Y. S. Rajput Shiv Prasad 《Tropical animal health and production》2010,42(3):431-438
The effects of feeding transgenic (Bt) whole cottonseed (WCS) were studied in lactating cows. Twenty multiparous crossbred
cows (Karan Swiss × Karan Fries) in early lactation were given a concentrate mixture containing 40% crushed delinted non-transgenic
(non-Bt) WCS, 2 kg wheat straw and green fodder ad lib for a 15-day adaptation period. Thereafter, the cows were divided in two similar groups of 10 each on the basis of milk yield,
body weight (BW) and date of calving. The non-Bt control group continued on same ration, while for the Bt group the non-Bt
WCS was replaced by transgenic WCS, in a feeding trial of four weeks. The diets provided a minimum of 2 kg cottonseed/cow/d.
Mean DMI/100 kg BW and milk yield of non-Bt and Bt groups was 3.48 and 3.45 kg and 11.4 and 12.0 kg/d, respectively. Intake
of nutrients, digestibility, milk production and body condition score (BCS) did not differ between the groups (P > 0.05),
but BW gain was higher (P < 0.05) in the Bt group than the non-Bt group, probably as a result of hoof problem in two cows
of non-Bt group, which when compared excluding two animals from each group did not differ significantly (P > 0.05). Transgenic
protein (Cry1C) was not detected in the weekly milk samples or in blood plasma at the end of the experiment, showing that
delinted WCS containing Cry1C protein can safely be fed to lactating cows. 相似文献
11.
In order to verify the fattening performance, slaughter and carcass characteristics and to investigate the changes in some
meat quality traits of Karayaka lambs weaned at 3 months of age, 39 lambs (23 males and 16 females) were used as experimental
animals. The lambs were fed a concentrate mixture and alfalfa hay (120 and 168 g crude protein and 2,700 and 1,951 ME/kg,
respectively) for a period of 60 days of fattening period. Male lambs were superior (p < 0.05) to female lambs in terms of daily weight gain (270.4 vs. 205.4 g; SEM = 9.46), hot and cold carcass weights (16.7
and 16.0 vs. 14.1 and 13.4 kg, respectively; SEM = 0.35), intra-muscular fat ratios (1.9% vs. 2.5%; SEM = 0.12) and dripping
loss of semitendinosus muscle 3 days postmortem (8.1% vs. 10.2%; SEM = 0.36). The relative weights of some organs, the meat
quality traits (pH, cooking loss, shear force, CIELab colour characteristics) and proximate analyses (dry matter, protein
and ash) of longissimus dorsi and semitendinosus muscle samples from lambs were not affected by sex (p > 0.05). Dripping loss, pH and colour characteristics were affected by storage time (p < 0.05). These results provide a basic understanding of performance and meat quality of Karayaka sheep which may have potentials
in improving sheep production using an indigenous sheep breed in Turkey. 相似文献
12.
Hamed A. A. Omer Soha S. Abdel-Magid Sawsan M. Ahmed Mamdouh I. Mohamed I. M. Awadalla 《Tropical animal health and production》2010,42(6):1195-1202
Twenty-one male growing lambs aged 6 months with an average weight 27.6 ± 0.24 kg were used to determine the effects of partial
replacing yellow corn with potato processing waste (PPW) on performance of Ossimi lambs. Animals divided into three equal
groups and assigned for control and two experimental diets containing PPW which was replaced from yellow corn at 0% PPW (R1), 25% PPW (R2), and 50% PPW (R3). The results showed that tested rations were almost isocaloric and isonitrogenous. Dietary treatments had no significant
effect on feed intake, while water intake insignificantly decreased. Digestibility coefficients of dry matter, organic matter,
and crude protein significantly (P < 0.05) improved. However, dietary treatment had no significant effect on crude fiber and nitrogen-free extract digestibilities.
Values of total digestible nutrient and digestible crude protein significantly (P < 0.05) increased. Nitrogen retention was positive for all groups. Dietary treatments had no significant effect on ruminal
pH but insignificantly decreased ammonia nitrogen (NH3–N) concentrations. However, total volatile fatty acid concentration was increased. Dietary treatments increased molar proportion
of volatile fatty acids. Final weight, body weight gain, and average daily gain were significantly (P < 0.05) decreased, while feed conversion ratio insignificantly decreased. Inclusion of PPW decreased total daily feeding
costs of experimental rations. PPW could be used as a source of energy in lamb rations instead of corn grain. Also, PPW can
be successfully fed to lamb without any adverse effect on their performance, and it can be an economical substitute for grain. 相似文献
13.
Katongole CB Sabiiti EN Bareeba FB Ledin I 《Tropical animal health and production》2009,41(3):329-336
The effect of feeding diets including market crop wastes (sweet potato vines (Ipomoea batatas) and scarlet eggplant (Solanum aethiopicum)) on growth and digestibility was studied using 32 indigenous intact growing male goats. Adding elephant grass (Pennisetum purpureum), maize bran and Leucaena leucocephala leaves, four isocaloric and isonitrogenous diets (Sweet potato vines, Solanum, Mixed and Control) were formulated. After
the growth trial, 12 goats were randomly selected for a digestibility trial with the same diets, and 8 goats for a feed preference
test comparing the market wastes and elephant grass. Crude protein (CP) intake was highest (P < 0.05) for the Control (48 g/day)
and lowest for the Sweet potato vines diet (23 g/day). Average daily gain was between 11.0 and 14.2 g/day, and similar between
diets. The DM and CP digestibilities of the diets were 0.56 and 0.56 (Control), 0.62 and 0.56 (Mixed), 0.59 and 0.49 (Sweet
potato vines), and 0.54 and 0.45 (Solanum), respectively. Faecal and urinary N excretions were highest in goats fed the Sweet
potato vines and Solanum diets. Eggplant wastes were the least (P < 0.05) preferred. On average the goats spent 5% of their
8-hour time eating eggplant wastes, 34% on sweet potato vines and 36% on elephant grass. Growth performance and N retention
were low due to the low intake of feed, especially eggplant wastes. 相似文献
14.
Salinas-Chavira J Castillo-Martínez O Ramirez-Bribiesca JE Mellado M 《Tropical animal health and production》2011,43(5):995-999
A study was conducted to estimate dry matter (DM) degradability in the rumen of lambs offered a basal soybean meal and sorghum
grain diet with three levels of white mulberry (WM) leaves (Morus alba). Diets consisted of 90% concentrate and 10% sorghum straw, which was incrementally replaced by WM leaves at 0% (control
diet, T1), 2.5% (T2), and 5% (T3) of the total ration. Crude protein (CP) in WM was 21.8% (DM basis). Diets had equal CP (14%
DM basis) and metabolizable energy (10.8 MJ/kg DM) content. Three non-castrated Pelibuey male lambs fitted with permanent
rumen cannula were utilized in a 3 × 3 Latin square design. Each experimental period consisted of 10 days of adaptation followed
by sampling. DM degradability was determined using the nylon bag technique. Bags contained the experimental diets offered
in each period and were incubated in rumen in pairs for 4, 8, 12, 24, and 48 h. The potential degradation was higher (P < 0.05) for T2, followed by T3 and T1. WM level did not influence the degradation rate or the effective degradation at the
three passage rates modeled. It was concluded that WM forage may have useful application in feedlot diets for growing lambs,
as this forage increases potential degradation of high-grain diets. The incorporation of WM in diets for feedlot lambs in
tropics may reduce the use of expensive conventional protein supplements. 相似文献
15.
Duarte Mde S Paulino PV Valadares Filho Sde C Paulino MF Detmann E Zervoudakis JT Monnerat JP Viana Gda S Silva LH Serão NV 《Tropical animal health and production》2011,43(4):877-886
The effects of two levels of concentrate and ruminally undegradable protein (RUP) on performance, intake, digestibility, carcass
characteristics, meat quality traits, and commercial cuts yield were assessed. Twenty crossbred heifers (240 kg average body
weight) were used. At the beginning of the trial, four animals were slaughtered as reference group and the 16 remaining animals
were randomly assigned to four treatments, in a 2 × 2 factorial design: two levels of concentrate (40% and 80%, dry matter
(DM) basis) and two levels of RUP (48.79% and 27.19% of CP). At the end of the trial, all the animals were slaughtered. There
was no interaction (P > 0.05) between concentrate and RUP levels. Dry matter intake and nutrients digestibility was not affected (P > 0.05) by RUP level. Heifers fed the highest RUP level had greater (P < 0.05) average daily gain (ADG). Concentrate level did not affect (P > 0.05) DMI and ADG. Heifers fed diets with 80% concentrate had greater intake of TDN and EE, and lower intake of NDF (P < 0.05). The digestibilities of all nutrients, except the NDF, were greater (P < 0.05) for the 80% concentrate diets. The RUP levels did not affect (P > 0.05) the carcass characteristics and carcass gain composition. Heifers fed 80% concentrate diets had larger (P < 0.05) longissimus muscle area and lower gain of bones (P < 0.05). Concentrate level did not affect (P > 0.05) the composition of carcass gain. There was no effect (P > 0.05) of RUP and concentrate levels on meat quality traits and commercial cut yields. 相似文献
16.
Effect of exogenous fibrolytic enzymes supplementation on milk production and nutrient utilization in Murrah buffaloes 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Shekhar Chandra Thakur Sudarshan S. Shelke Sachin K. 《Tropical animal health and production》2010,42(7):1465-1470
The present study was conducted to evaluate the effect of commercial exogenous fibrolytic enzyme (EFE) mixture added at 1.5
and 3.0 g (cellulase 4,000 μM glucose/g/h + xylanase 7,990 μM xylose/g/min; 50:50 w/w) per kilogram of dry matter (DM) of feed on nutrient digestibility, milk production, milk composition, and some blood constituents
in lactating Murrah buffaloes. Eighteen buffaloes were allotted to three dietary treatments, on the basis of milk yield (8.48,
8.52, and 8.53 kg/day) and days in lactation (68.5, 80.33, and 82.00) for 90 days. The buffaloes were fed a total mixed ration
(TMR) comprising of 45% chaffed wheat straw, 15% chopped green maize, and 40% concentrate on DM basis (control group), the
same TMR plus EFE at 1.5 g/kg DM (T-1 group) and the same TMR plus EFE at 3.0 g/kg DM (T-2 group) supplemented through the
concentrate mixture. There was no effect of fortifying EFE mixture on DM intake and crude protein intake (grams per day) whereas
total digestible nutrients intake (kilogram per day) was higher by (P < 0.05) 12.53% in T-1 group over that of control, and there was no significant difference between T-2 and control groups.
The average daily milk yield and 4% fat-corrected milk (FCM) yield was higher (P < 0.05) by 12.99% and 15.17% in T-1 group as over that of control, and there was no difference between T-2 and control groups.
There was no (P > 0.05) difference in blood glucose and blood urea nitrogen concentration in different experimental groups. It is concluded
that supplementation of cellulase and xylanase mixture at 1.5 g/kg of DM of TMR containing wheat straw (45%), green maize
(15%), and concentrate (40%) on DM basis significantly increased (P < 0.05) the average daily milk yield and FCM yield in Murrah buffaloes due to improved dietary fiber digestion. 相似文献
17.
Effects of increasing amount of dietary Prosopis laevigata pods on performance,meat quality and fatty acid profile in growing lambs 下载免费PDF全文
L. O. Negrete J. M. Pinos‐Rodríguez A. Grajales‐Lagunes J. A. Morales J. C. García‐López H. A. Lee‐Rangel 《Journal of animal physiology and animal nutrition》2017,101(5):e303-e311
A study with finishing lambs assessed the effect of dietary inclusion of Prosopis laevigata pods (PLPs) on performance, carcass characteristics, meat traits and fatty acid profile of subcutaneous fat. Twenty‐one Rambouillet lambs (27.0 ± 3.0 kg BW) were assigned to one of three experimental diets with 0, 150 and 300 g PLP/kg DM. Evaluation of growth performance lasted 49 days. The experimental design was completely randomized and analysed with a mixed model. Lambs fed diets with 0, 150 and 300 g PLP had similar growth performance. Lambs fed diets with 300 g PLP/kg DM had better (p < 0.05) carcass yield and classification, less (p < 0.05) fat deposition and lower lightness (L*) value (p < 0.05) in meat than lambs fed diets with 0 and 150 g PLP/kg DM. Saturated fatty acids (palmitic and stearic) decreased (p < 0.05) and unsaturated fatty acids (oleic and linoleic) increased (p < 0.05) in subcutaneous fat of lambs fed diets with 150 and 300 g pods as compared with lambs not fed PLP. Prosopis laevigata pods are a safe feedstuff that can replace a third of conventional ingredients and reduce feed costs in growing lambs. Addition of PLP reduced (p < 0.05) total feed cost by 21%. 相似文献
18.
《The Professional Animal Scientist》2001,17(4):261-266
In vitro glucose uptake and protein synthesis were measured using serum from feedlot steers fed diets supplemented with organic Cr (OCr); glucose clearance was studied using sheep as a model. Treatments investigated for glucose uptake and protein synthesis were 1) control (0 ppm supplemental Cr), 2) 0.2 ppm supplemental OCr from high Cr yeast, and 3) 0.4 ppm supplemental OCr from high Cr yeast that contained 2,000 ppm Cr (2 mg Cr/g Saccharomyces cerevisiae yeast) added to a 90% concentrate feedlot diet. The form of OCr supplied by high Cr yeast is presumably a glucose tolerance factor (GTF), which potentiates the action of insulin, and consists of Cr3+ centrally bound to or associated with cysteine, glutamate, glycine, and nicotinic acid residues. Serum harvested from steers fed 0.2- and 0.4-ppm OCr diets increased (P<0.05) protein synthesis in primary bovine muscle cultures. Glucose uptake rate by muscle cell cultures was increased (P<0.09) by serum from OCr-supplemented steers. Treatments investigated for glucose clearance by lambs were 1) control (0 ppm supplemental Cr), 2) 0.2 ppm, 3) 0.4 ppm, and 4) 0.8 ppm supplemental OCr from high Cr yeast added to a 85% concentrate finishing diet. Glucose clearance in lambs was improved (P<0.05) by addition of 0.2 and 0.8 ppm OCr to the diet. These results are interpreted to suggest that increased carcass muscling in ruminants fed OCr-supplemented diets is a result of improvements in amino acid uptake and glucose metabolism within muscle cells. 相似文献
19.
Recombinant bovine somatotropin (bST) was administered s.c. to lambs for 6 weeks to evaluate its effects on fattening performance,
carcass composition and visceral organ weights. Twenty male Karayaka lambs were injected with 250 mg bST every two weeks.
Body weight, live weight gain, feed intake and feed conversion rate were not affected by treatment. Head, feet, skin, liver,
spleen, kidneys, filled and empty gastrointestinal tract, penis, testis, pelvic fat and internal fat weights were similar
for the two groups. Lung weight increased by 17.4% (P < 0.01) and weight of heart decreased 22.7% (P < 0.05) in bST treated
lambs. The only carcass characteristics that were affected by bST administration were limb muscle which increased from 1331 g
to 1417 g (P < 0.05), loin fat which decreased from 275 g to 174 g (P < 0.01), shoulder fat which decreased from 26 g to 13 g
(P < 0.01) and total fat/final weight percentage which decreased from 9.8% to 7.6% (P < 0.05). The results of this study show
that prolonged release formulation of bST treatment reduces fat tissue, but does not significantly affect fattening performance
or weights of visceral organs, muscle and bone. 相似文献
20.
Two experiments were conducted simultaneously to evaluate the effects of different concentrates to roughage ratios on growth
performance and attainment of puberty in Friesian–Boran crossbred heifers. Weaned 50% Friesian–Boran crossbred female calves
were used in both experiments with 25 and 20 calves in experiments I and II, respectively. In experiment I, the calves were
offered diets with concentrate to roughage ratios of 50:50 (treatment 1) or 30:70 (treatment 2). In experiment II, the calves
grazed for 8 h a day and supplemented with 2 kg hay and 1 kg concentrate per head per day (treatment 1) or only 2 kg hay per
head per day (treatment 2). The concentrate mixture was composed of 34% wheat bran, 31% wheat middling, 31% noug cake, 3%
limestone, and 1% salt. In experiment I, heifers fed a ration with 50% concentrate and 50% roughage had higher (P < 0.05) daily body weight gain (0.532 kg) and attained puberty at 221 kg (65% of the mature body weight) in 15 months, while
heifers fed a diet with 30% concentrate and 70% roughage gained 0.434 kg/day and reached puberty at 247 kg (70% of the mature
body weight), about 3 months later. Heifers in treatments 1 and 2 of experiment II reached puberty 5 and 12 months later,
respectively, than those in experiment I. In experiment II, heifers given 1 kg of concentrate supplement had higher (P < 0.05) daily body weight gain (0.346 kg) than those given only 2 kg hay in addition to grazing (0.278 kg). Growth rate of
crossbred heifers was enhanced and age at puberty was reduced by changing the rearing management from outdoor to indoor and
with increasing level of concentrate in the ration. This helps to bring the dairy heifer into production earlier and enhance
to the overall productivity of the dairy industry. 相似文献