共查询到17条相似文献，搜索用时 218 毫秒
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多雨年份和多雨地区,春柞蚕用灭蚕蝇1号防治柞蚕饰腹寄蝇。眷柞蚕4龄、5龄采取分别用0．05％与0．08％的灭蚕蝇1号两次喷药．防治柞蚕饰腹寄蝇效果好,成本低。 相似文献
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柞蚕饰腹寄蝇也叫柞蚕寄生蝇,蚕民称蛆蛟、蚕蛆,属双翅目寄蝇科。近年柞蚕饰腹寄蝇在辽宁春柞蚕放养中发生较重,多时可寄生70%～90%,严重的影响了春种茧的质量和数量,给农民造成严重的经济损失。所以掌握蚕寄蝇的防治方法尤为重要。1用灭蚕蝇3号浸蚕杀蛆1.1看蚕寄生情况1.1.1在 相似文献
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“灭蚕蝇1号”防治柞蚕饰腹寄蝇病应用方法再试验 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
通过对"灭蚕蝇1号"防治柞蚕饰腹寄蝇病应用技术方法的重新试验,结果初步表明,不同时期用药,防效差异显著,其中老眠起2日龄用药效果最高,校正防效为57.9%;不同使用浓度防效差异显著,0.25%质量分数的防效最高,为68.5%;从增加用药次数的试验效果看,4龄期用药,并不能提高防效。生产中使用"灭蚕蝇1号"防治柞蚕饰腹寄蝇病可采用二次用药法,即5龄起蚕2～3d进行第1次喷药,5龄起蚕6～7d进行第2次喷药。 相似文献
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针对柞蚕生产中应用灭蚕蝇溶液防治柞蚕饰腹寄蝇病出现的各种问题，从药物特性及杀虫机理、施药方案、复配应用和使用注意事项等四个方面详细阐述灭蚕蝇溶液的科学使用方法。 相似文献
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选择性杀虫药剂——“灭蚕蝇三号”防治柞蚕饰腹寄蝇的研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
柞蚕饰腹寄蝇是辽宁、吉林等省主要柞蚕害虫,严重威胁柞蚕生产。辽宁省平均受害率为65％左右,重者达100％。“灭蚕蝇三号”是继“灭蚕蝇一号”之后,又一种新型的高效低毒药剂。该药剂有高度的选择性,比“灭蚕蝇一号”具有防治效果高、药效稳定、使用简便、用药量少、不用药械等优点。 使用方法是以0.025％浓度的稀释液,浸渍5龄期5～8天的被寄生蚕10秒钟,可杀死蚕体内寄蝇幼蛆,蚕儿可继续营茧化蛹,防治效果为96.1％。此药对柞蚕的当代及于代的蚕、蛹、茧、蛾、卵均无不良影响。目前,“灭蚕蝇三号”已在全国广大蚕区应用。它也能防治寄生柞蚕的其它多化性寄蝇。 相似文献
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利用DNA条形编码探讨柞蚕饰腹寄蝇的分类学地位 总被引：3，自引：3，他引：0
柞蚕饰腹寄蝇(Blepharipa tibialis Chao)是柞蚕的主要寄生性害虫之一。测定了柞蚕饰腹寄蝇的线粒体细胞色素酶C亚基I(COI)基因5′端的部分片段(657bp,GenBank登录号EU433559),并利用该DNA条形编码探讨了其分类学地位。将GenBank数据库登载的寄蝇科11个属的15个代表种的序列组成数据集,基于Kimura-2-Parameter计算了序列间的遗传距离,采用邻近距离法(Neighbour-Joining)构建了系统树。Blast检索表明这段序列可以作为DNA条形编码用于柞蚕饰腹寄蝇的鉴定。柞蚕饰腹寄蝇与饰腹寄蝇属内5个种间的平均遗传距离(0.122)是饰腹寄蝇属内种间平均遗传距离(0.063)的2倍,而11个形态学属间的平均遗传距离(0.122)则与柞蚕饰腹寄蝇和这11个形态学属之间的平均遗传距离(0.124)基本一致;柞蚕饰腹寄蝇在构建的NJ树中也没有与饰腹寄蝇属的种类聚在一起。基于上述结果,建议将柞蚕饰腹寄蝇从饰腹寄蝇属划分出来,单独作为一个新的属。 相似文献
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寄生蝇是柞蚕的重要天敌昆虫之一。为帮助生产上识别及防治柞蚕寄生蝇,综合已有的研究报道及最新的研究结果,从分类地位、成虫形态特征、地理分布、寄主及发生危害等方面对柞蚕饰腹寄蝇[Blepharipa tibialis(Chao)]、蚕饰腹寄蝇[Blepharipa zebina(Walker)]、家蚕追寄蝇[Exorista sorbillans(Wiedemann)]、坎坦追寄蝇(Exorista cantans Mesnil)、札幌毛瓣寄蝇(Nemoraea sapporensis Kocha)和舞毒蛾克麻蝇[Kramerea schuetzei(Kramer)]共6种危害柞蚕的寄生蝇进行系统概述,其中,舞毒蛾克麻蝇为柞蚕天敌昆虫新记录种。 相似文献
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利用RAPD技术对不同地区及不同季节发生危害的柞蚕寄生蝇进行了遗传多态性研究。选取11个随机引物对14份供试材料的基因组DNA进行扩增,共扩增出140条稳定条带,其中128(91.43%)条为多态性条带,表明柞蚕饰腹寄蝇(Blepharipa tibialis)、秋柞蚕寄生蝇(未命名)及栗蚕寄生蝇(未命名)间具有丰富的多态性。各材料间的遗传距离在0.0214~0.5143之间,利用UPGMA法进行聚类分析,14份供试材料可聚为两大类:栗蚕(Dic-tyoplocajaponica)寄生蝇与寄生柞蚕的寄生蝇各聚为一类,其中来自河南省的柞蚕饰腹寄蝇自成一类,来自东北地区的柞蚕饰腹寄蝇与秋柞蚕寄生蝇又各自聚为一类。 相似文献
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昆虫通过降低靶标酶敏感性及增强对杀虫剂的代谢能力产生抗药性。蝇毒磷是防治柞蚕饰腹寄蝇(Blepharipa tibia-lis Chao)的常用有机磷杀虫剂,为探讨柞蚕饰腹寄蝇不同地理种群对蝇毒磷的抗药性分化程度,分析来自辽宁省瓦房店市、凤城市、庄河市、开原市和西丰县的5个柞蚕饰腹寄蝇地理种群体内的乙酰胆碱酯酶(AChE)、谷胱甘肽S-转移酶(GST)、细胞色素P450(CYP450)和羧酸酯酶(CarE)4种酶的活性及蝇毒磷对这些酶活性的体外抑制率。结果表明:来自瓦房店市和凤城市的柞蚕饰腹寄蝇地理种群的AChE比活力及蝇毒磷对酶活性的体外抑制率均显著高于其它3个地理种群;瓦房店市地理种群的GST比活力显著高于其它4个地理种群,蝇毒磷对酶活性的体外抑制率显著高于除庄河市地理种群外的其它3个地理种群;庄河市地理种群的CYP450比活力显著高于来自瓦房店市、凤城市和西丰县的3个地理种群,但与开原市地理种群相比差异不显著,蝇毒磷对瓦房店市地理种群的CYP450活性的体外抑制率显著高于其它4个地理种群;瓦房店市与凤城市地理种群的CarE比活力均显著高于来自庄河市、开原市和西丰县的3个地理种群;蝇毒磷对瓦房店市和凤城市地理种群的CarE活性的体外抑制率显著高于庄河市地理种群,对其它地理种群间的CarE活性的体外抑制率差异不显著。根据以上检测结果,推测来自庄河市的柞蚕饰腹寄蝇地理种群对蝇毒磷的抗性相对较强,而来自瓦房店市的柞蚕饰腹寄蝇地理种群对蝇毒磷的抗性相对较弱。 相似文献
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紫花苜蓿和裸燕麦混贮发酵品质和营养成分分析 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
以新鲜及晾晒后的紫花苜蓿和裸燕麦为原料,分别设计紫花苜蓿单贮、裸燕麦单贮、裸燕麦∶紫花苜蓿=1∶1、裸燕麦∶紫花苜蓿=2∶1及裸燕麦∶紫花苜蓿=1∶2混贮等5个处理,青贮60 d后,对其感官评分、发酵品质和营养成分等进行分析。结果表明,鲜贮苜蓿在感官评定、V-Score及Kaiser评价体系中表现一般,而晾晒及混合青贮各处理组均能不同程度提高青贮评分。晾晒和混合青贮对发酵品质产生影响,两者显著或极显著降低pH值、 PA(丙酸)、AA(乙酸)、BA(丁酸)和AN/TN(氨态氮/总氮)含量(P＜0.01或P＜0.05),显著或极显著升高LA(乳酸)含量(P＜0.01或P＜0.05),其中以裸燕麦∶紫花苜蓿=2∶1降低或升高最明显。晾晒对青贮饲料的干物质、可溶性碳水化合物及粗灰分含量具有显著或极显著影响(P＜0.05或P＜0.01),对其他养分含量影响不大(P>0.05)。混合比例对青贮饲料的所有发酵项目均有极显著影响(P＜0.01),对粗蛋白质、可溶性碳水化合物及中性洗涤纤维含量具有显著或极显著影响(P＜0.05或P＜0.01),对其他养分指标影响不显著(P>0.05)。晾晒和混合青贮的交互作用可显著提高青贮饲料的发酵品质,但对养分含量影响不明显。因此,从青贮后感官评价、发酵品质及养分含量来看,紫花苜蓿和裸燕麦混合青贮品质优于单独青贮,且晾晒相对于鲜贮更易于青贮,而无论晾晒和鲜贮,当裸燕麦∶紫花苜蓿=2∶1时,青贮品质均优于其他各组。 相似文献
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D. M. Vail H. S. Rodabaugh G. A. Conder J. F. Boucher S. Mathur 《Veterinary and comparative oncology》2007,5(1):38-46
Chemotherapy‐induced nausea and vomiting (CINV) is a common side‐effect of cisplatin therapy. Maropitant (Cerenia?), a novel neurokinin‐1 receptor antagonist, was evaluated for prevention and treatment of cisplatin‐induced emesis in tumour‐bearing dogs. Dogs (n= 122) were randomly allocated to three treatment groups: T01, placebo before and after cisplatin; T02, placebo before and maropitant after cisplatin; or T03, maropitant before and placebo after cisplatin. Maropitant treatment (T02) following a cisplatin‐induced‐emetic event resulted in significantly fewer subsequent emetic events (P= 0.0005) than in placebo‐treated dogs (T01). In placebo‐treated (T01) dogs, 56.4% were withdrawn from the study because of treatment failure compared with 5.3% in group T02. When maropitant was administered prior to cisplatin treatment (T03) in a prevention regime, 94.9% did not vomit compared with only 4.9% of placebo‐treated dogs, and significantly fewer emetic events (P < 0.0001) were observed in those dogs that did vomit. In summary, maropitant was safe and highly effective in reducing or completely preventing cisplatin‐induced emesis. 相似文献
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J.M. Coyne K. Matilainen D.P. Berry M.– L. Sevon‐Aimonen E.A. Mäntysaari J. Juga T. Serenius N. McHugh 《Zeitschrift für Tierzüchtung und Züchtungsbiologie》2017,134(2):136-143
The objective of this study was to estimate genetic (co)variances for the Gompertz growth function parameters, asymptotic mature weight (A), the ratio of mature weight to birthweight (B) and rate of maturation (k), using alternative modelling approaches. The data set consisted of 51 893 live weight records from 10 201 growing pigs. The growth of each pig was modelled using the Gompertz model employing either a two‐step fixed effect or mixed model approach or a one‐step mixed model approach using restricted maximum likelihood for the estimation of genetic (co)variance. Heritability estimates for the Gompertz growth function parameters, A (0.40), B (0.69) and k (0.45), were greatest for the one‐step approach, compared with the two‐step fixed effects approach, A (0.10), B (0.33) and k (0.13), and the two‐step mixed model approach, A (0.17), B (0.32) and k (0.18). Inferred genetic correlations (i.e. correlations of estimated breeding values) between growth function parameters within models ranged from ?0.78 to 0.76, and across models ranged from 0.28 to 0.73 for parameter A, 0.75 to 0.88 for parameter B and 0.09 to 0.37 for parameter k. Correlations between predicted daily sire live weights based on the Gompertz growth curve parameters’ estimated breeding values from 60 to 200 days of age between all three modelled approaches were moderately to strongly correlated (0.75 to 0.95). Results from this study provide heritability estimates for biologically interpretable parameters of pig growth through the quantification of genetic (co)variances, thereby facilitating the estimation of breeding values for inclusion in breeding objectives to aid in breeding and selection decisions. 相似文献
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The antimicrobial activity of lavender essential oil (Lavandula angustifolia) and its influence on the production performance of broiler chickens 
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下载免费PDF全文 M. Adaszyńska‐Skwirzyńska D. Szczerbińska 《Journal of animal physiology and animal nutrition》2018,102(4):1020-1025
The aim of the study was the evaluation of the antimicrobial activity (in vitro) of lavender (Lavandula angustifolia) essential oil (LEO) and the effect of its addition to the drinking water of broiler chickens on their production performance. Antimicrobial activity was determined by establishing the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) using a series of microdilutions. Bird experiments were carried out on a commercial farm on 300 Ross 308 broilers. One‐day‐old chicks were randomly assigned to three experimental groups of 100 individuals (five replications of 20 individuals each). In the control group, chickens received drinking water without added essential oil throughout the rearing period. In the LEO0.2 and LEO0.4 groups, from 1 to 42 days of bird life, the LEO0.2 group had 0.2 ml/L of essential lavender oil added to the drinking water, while LEO0.4 had 0.4 ml/L added. The results of the experiment showed the antimicrobial activity of LEO and its positive effect on the production results of broiler chickens. Application of higher concentration of essential oil (0.4 ml/L) significantly affected production results (BW, FCR, WCR—p < .01). No differences were observed in FI, WI, F:W and mortality (p > .05). In vitro studies indicate a significant effect of LEO on the inhibition of microbial growth. These results encourage further studies on a larger scale that will confirm antimicrobial efficiency and define the mechanisms of action of Lavandula angustifolia essential oil and its individual components. 相似文献