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1.
F W Wilder 《Canadian journal of veterinary research》1980,44(1):87-92
The indirect immunofluorescence test is a rapid method for detecting the presence of vesicular exanthema of swine virus or San Miguel sea lion virus in cell culture. A serological relationship exists between vesicular exanthema of swine virus and San Miguel sea lion virus, as shown by the fluorescence-positive reactions between swine antisera to vesicular exanthema of swine virus A48 and San Miguel sea lion virus type 5 and cell cultures infected with San Miguel sea lion virus types 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 as well as vesicular exanthema of swine virus B51, C52, D53, E54, F55, G55, H55, I55, J56 and K55. The indirect immunofluorescence test detects group-specific antibody to caliciviruses in swine sera. 相似文献
2.
M Hashimoto F Roerink Y Tohya M Mochizuki 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》1999,61(6):603-608
Caliciviruses that infect animals including humans cause a specific disease syndrome in their respective hosts. Feline calicivirus (FCV) is a major pathogen of respiratory disease of cats, and human caliciviru is a causative agent of diarrhea. It has been suggested, furthermore, that FCV and newly recognized canine calicivirus (CaCV) may also be possible causes of diarrhea in these animal species. In this study nucleotide sequence of the RNA polymerase gene of two caliciviruses of canine origin, namely CaCV strain No. 48 and FCV-like strain Sapporo/283, and a number of FCV strains of respiratory and enteric origins was examined. The length of sequenced region, from the 5'LKDEL motif through the 3'YGDD motif of the gene, was 555 bp for CaCV No. 48 strain and 552 bp for the other FCV strains including Sapporo/283 strain. In phylogenetic analysis, CaCV No. 48 strain grouped as a distinct branch sharing ancestral roots with San Miguel sea lion virus, and FCVs formed one compact group in which Sapporo/283 strain was included. 相似文献
3.
Mink became infected with San Miguel sea lion virus when fed ground meat from seal carcasses showing vesicular-like lesions in the skin. The mink also contracted the infection when they were fed San Miguel sea lion virus infected pig meat or cell culture propagated virus. San Miguel sea lion virus infection in mink was inapparent but the virus was isolated from blood and rectal swabs. Pigs treated similarly with the same virus preparations given to mink developed a severe vesicular disease syndrome similar to that produced by vesicular exanthema of swine. In a separate trial, pigs fed a large sample of commercial ground seal meat did not develop disease signs or antibodies. Further work is needed to assess the hazard of introducing San Miguel sea lion virus into swine on the same premises when potentially San Miguel sea lion virus infective seal meat is fed to mink. 相似文献
4.
This paper describes the relationship of a canine calicivirus, named No.48, to other human and animal caliciviruses, based on phylogeny of the 3' half of its genome. It was found that No.48 constitutes a unique lineage, most closely related but distinct from feline and San Miguel sea lion caliciviruses. 相似文献
5.
The naturally occurring disease caused by San Miguel sea lion virus in fur seals was characterized by small fluid-filled vesicles 1 to 25 mm in diameter on the nonhaired portions of the flippers. Early epithelial lesions contained multifocal sites of cell lysis. The resultant microvesicles enlarged and coalesced, forming grossly visible macrovesicles. Mature vesicles progressed to involve all layers of the epithelium but did not involve the underlying dermis. Intradermal inoculation of vesicular exanthema of swine virus type A48 or San Miguel sea lion virus type 2 into otarid (fur) seal pups caused plaque-like lesions around inoculated coronary bands. These swellings regressed without rupture by 96 hours postinoculation. One seal inoculated with San Miguel sea lion virus had a linear lingual erosion at ten days postinoculation. Virus was isolated from this site and from two uninoculated sites, the tonsil and testicle. Contact controls showed no evidence of infection. Virus was isolated in low titers from some sites of inoculation and draining lymph nodes from seals infected with vesicular exanthema of swine virus. Virus was recovered more easily, in higher titers, and from more tissues, from seals infected with San Miguel sea lion virus. Inoculated seals tested after four to ten days seroconverted. Feeding swine seal tissues from the inoculation experiments resulted in seroconversion in swine which were fed tissues from seals infected with vesicular exanthema of swine virus but not in those which were fed tissues from seals infected with San Miguel sea lion virus. 相似文献
6.
A W Smith S H Madin N A Vedros R A Bankowski 《American journal of veterinary research》1977,38(1):101-105
Two new serotypes of San Miguel sea lion virus (SMSV), designated SMSV-4 and SMSV-5, were studied in vivo and in vitro. The host cell spectrums were compared with SMSV-1, SMSV-2, and vesicular exanthema of swine virus type A-48. Based on the result of these broad host spectrums, a numerical scoring system was devised for ranking each virus on the basis of its potential for infecting terrestrial mammals, including the important domestic species. 相似文献
7.
Vesicular exanthema of swine virus type A48 or San Miguel sea lion virus type 2, when inoculated intradermally into swine, resulted in fluid-filled vesicles at the sites of inoculation in the snout, coronary band, and tongue. Pigs that developed vesicles also had fevers. Secondary vesicle formation varied, depending on virus serotype. Viremia was found in one pig infected with San Miguel sea lion virus five days after infection. Virus was recovered from nasal-oral passages for up to five days after infection in both groups of pigs and from the gastrointestinal and urinary tracts of pigs infected with San Miguel sea lion virus. Neutralizing antibodies began to increase three days after inoculation and reached peak titers in seven to ten days. In the absence of secondary bacterial infection, healing was well advanced by ten days after inoculation. Lesions usually were limited to nonhaired portions of the integument and tongue. Individual epithelial cells became infected when a break in the skin allowed virus access to susceptible epithelial cells from either exogenous or endogenous sources. Individual infected cells ruptured and adjacent cells were infected, resulting in the formation of multiple microvesicles. Centrifugal coalescence of microvesicles led to formation of grossly visible macrovesicles. Lesions rarely developed from viral contamination of intact hair follicles. A mild virus-induced encephalitis was seen in pigs infected with vesicular exanthema of swine virus, and virus was recovered from brain tissue of pigs infected with San Miguel sea lion virus. 相似文献
8.
Caliciviruses: an overview. 总被引：13，自引：0，他引：13
Several caliciviruses are known to cause diseases in animal and man. Amongst them are vesicular exanthema virus of swine (VESV), feline calicivirus, rabbit hemorrhagic disease virus (RHDV), and Norwalk and Sapporo-like viruses; the latter viruses cause gastroenteritis in man. In this paper, an overview of caliciviruses is presented, with particular emphasis on the molecular aspects. The unique properties as compared to other related families of positive-stranded RNA viruses will be discussed. Many findings about the molecular biology of caliciviruses came from systems that are difficult to work with, such as RHDV, which can thus far only be propagated either in animals or in primary rabbit hepatocyte cultures. Therefore, the review will concentrate on RHDV. 相似文献
9.
E S Berry D E Skilling J E Barlough N A Vedros L J Gage A W Smith 《American journal of veterinary research》1990,51(8):1184-1187
A new serotype of calicivirus was isolated from California sea lions (Zalophus californianus) with severe vesicular disease. Neutralizing antibodies were found in 27 of 82 (32.9%) serum samples from California sea lions and in 15 of 146 (10.3%) serum samples from Steller sea lions (Eumetopias jubatus) tested. The seropositive animals were widely dispersed along the margins of the eastern Pacific basin, from the Bering Sea to the Santa Barbara Channel. Seropositive samples were found from as early as 1976 through the present time. This new calicivirus serotype, San Miguel sea lion virus type 13, was inoculated into weaned pigs, resulting in induction of severe vesicular disease, which spread to all pigs, including uninoculated pen contacts. Virus was continually shed by most of the pigs throughout the 2-week duration of the experiment. 相似文献
10.
A virus was isolated from California sea lions (Zalophus californianus californianus) and northern fur seals (Callorhinus ursinus) in 1972. It was later named San Miguel sea lion virus (SMSV). State and federal livestock disease control agencies became concerned, because SMSV was found to be indistinguishable from vesicular exanthema of swine virus and to cause (in laboratory trials) clinical signs in swine similar to those produced by vesicular exanthema of swine virus. Ground carcasses of northern fur seals, salvaged after harvesting pelts, are fed to mink on ranches in the United States. Domestic swine are kept on some of these same ranches. Samples withheld from lots of this seal carcass mink food were found to contain SMSV (serotype 5) in titers of 10(6.1) and 10(6.8) tissue culture infective doses. 相似文献
11.
Caliciviruses have, for the 1st time, been shown experimentally to infect a primate. Twenty-four hours after being inoculated with San Miguel sea lion virus (SMSV), an African green monkey developed a febrile response and vesicular lesions at injection sites. Virus was recovered from lesion material 96 hours later and from the stool at 48 hours. Possible human infection with SMSV was indicated by serologic evidence. Three persons working with 4 distinct serotypes of SMSV developed neutralizing antibody titers to 2 SMSV types. The positive serum-neutralization test results were confirmed, using immunoelectron microscopy to demonstrate complexes of viruses and antibodies. 相似文献
12.
猎豹与虎猫杯状病毒的分离及其超变区基因比较研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
用F81细胞从上海某动物园患口腔溃疡的猎豹和虎的唾液病料中分离获得两株杯状病毒，经形态学、理化学、生物学鉴定和病毒核酸超变区基因RT-PCR扩增与序列测定证明两株病毒均为猫杯状病毒(FCV)，分别命名为FCV/cheetah/Shanghai/02/2002与FCV／tiger/Shanghai／03/2002。人工感染猫可引起体温升高，口腔溃疡，食欲下降等症状。两株病毒的超变区序列520bp长片段问的同源性为99.2％，与国内桂林虎分离株(TFCV9710)的同源性为74．0％，与国外分离株的总体同源性为58．1％，说明不同宿主或同种不同个体间杯状病毒分离株超变区核酸差异十分显著，符合猫杯状病毒的分子生物学特征。 相似文献
13.
Poxvirus and several serotypes of calicivirus cause recognizable disease in marine mammals. Pox lesions in pinnipeds are raised and proliferative and are seen most frequently after confinement in captivity. In cetaceans, a poxvirus is associated with a much more benign and chronic lesion called a "tattoo." Numerous caliciviruses of differing antigenic types have been isolated from vesicular lesions and aborted fetuses of northern fur seals and California sea lions as well as from clinically normal and orphaned northern elephant seal pups. An adenovirus has been isolated from a sei whale and an enterovirus has been isolated from a gray whale. 相似文献
14.
Colostrum-deprived neonatal Northern fur seal pups (Callorhinus ursinus) were exposed to San Miguel sea lion virus type 5 (SMSV-5) by feeding them fish (Girella nigricans) infected with virus or fish infected with both the sea lion lung worm larvae (Parafilaroides decorus) and virus. Virus infection was demonstrated in 8 of 9 pups, and 1 of these developed a vesicular lesion on the flipper. In this sequence, P decorus larvae exposed to SMSV-5 were fed to G nigricans held at 15 C in a salt water aquarium; 32 days later, these fish were killed, then fed to the fur seal pups. The vesicle developed 22 days subsequent to this and SMSV-5 was reisolated from the lesion. The SMSV-5 was shown to persist for at least 23 days in infected neonatal fur seals. Attempts to establish P decorus infection in Northern fur seal pups were apparently unsuccessful. 相似文献
15.
16.
Neutralizing feature of commercially available feline calicivirus (FCV) vaccine immune sera against FCV field isolates. 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
T Hohdatsu K Sato T Tajima H Koyama 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》1999,61(3):299-301
Four types of commercially available feline calicivirus (FCV) vaccine were compared in terms of their efficacy on the basis of the ability of the sera of specific-pathogen-free cats immunized by two injections of each type of vaccine to neutralize FCV field isolates. Each vaccine immune serum neutralized relatively well strains F4, F9, and 255, which were FCV laboratory strains. As to 36 strains of field isolates, however, vaccines A, B, C, and D immune sera did not neutralize 18-20 of the strains (50.0%-55.6%), 19-22 of the strains (52.8%-61.1%), 22-25 of the strains (61.1%-69.4%), and 8-16 of the strains (22.2%-44.4%), respectively. These results indicate that there is much difference in neutralizing antigenicity between the existing vaccine strains and the FCV strains that are prevalent in Japan, suggesting the need for improvement of FCV vaccines. 相似文献
17.
Feline calicivirus (FCV) is considered the most common upper respiratory tract disease (URTD) associated pathogen in cats. We previously expressed FCV VP1 capsid protein in insect cells by baculovirus system and we observed that this protein self-assemble into virus-like particles (VLPs) different in size and lacking the typical cup-like depressions of caliciviruses. In the present study, VP1 and the small basic structural protein VP2 of FCV were individually expressed by baculovirus system. Coinfection of insect cells with both recombinant viruses resulted in VP1 and VP2 self-assembly to form depressions similar to native capsids in size and appearance, demonstrating that VP2 interacts with the VP1 protein in the formation of VLPs. 相似文献
18.
Virus-like particles (VLPs) were produced in insect cells infected with a recombinant baculovirus containing the capsid gene of feline calicivirus strain F9 (FCV-F9). The FCV VLPs were morphologically and antigenically similar to the native virus and contained a single capsid protein with a molecular weight of approximately 60 kDa that reacted with FCV antiserum. Moreover, following immunization of rabbits, VLPs were able to elicit neutralizing antibodies against several FCV strains isolated from clinical samples. Our preliminary results showed that FCV-VLP could be considered a candidate vaccine against FCV infections. 相似文献
19.
Coyne KP Dawson S Radford AD Cripps PJ Porter CJ McCracken CM Gaskell RM 《Veterinary microbiology》2006,118(1-2):12-25
Feline calicivirus (FCV) is a highly infectious respiratory pathogen of domestic cats. The prevalence of FCV in the general cat population is high, particularly in multi-cat households, largely because many clinically recovered cats remain persistently infected carriers. In order to assess how FCV circulates in such groups and to assess the contribution that each individual animal makes to the epidemiology of the disease, we have carried out the first detailed analysis of long-term shedding patterns of FCV in individual cats within naturally infected colonies. The prevalence of FCV in each of the groups on individual sampling occasions ranged from 0% to 91%, with averages for the individual colonies ranging from 6% to 75%. Within each of the colonies, one to three distinct strains of FCV were identified. Individual cats showed a spectrum of FCV shedding patterns over the sampling period which broadly grouped into three categories: those that shed virus relatively consistently, those that shed virus intermittently, and those that appeared never to shed virus. This is the first report identifying non-shedder cats that appear resistant to FCV infection over long periods of time, despite being continually exposed to virus. Such resistance appeared to be age related, which may have been immune-mediated, although by analogy with other caliciviruses, factors such as host genetic resistance may play a role. Given that a proportion of the population appears to be resistant to infection, clearly the cohort of cats that consistently shed virus are likely to provide an important mechanism whereby infection can be maintained in small populations. 相似文献
20.
The influence of relative humidity (R.H.) on the survival of the following viruses has been examined; feline herpesvirus (FHV); feline calicivirus (FCV); vesicular exanthema virus (VEV); infectious bovine rhinotracheitis virus (IBRV); parainfluenza 3 virus (PI-3 virus); vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV); equine herpesvirus type 1 (EHV-1), equine arteritis virus (EAV); equine rhinovirus (ERV-1), and African swine fever virus (ASFV). ASFV and PI-3 viruses survived well at all relative humidities when sampled 1 s after formation of an aerosol, but after storage of aerosols for 5 min both viruses were found to be sensitive to high R.H. The other lipid-containing viruses (EAV, VSV, FHV, EHV-1 and IBRV) were unstable when stored as aerosols in moist conditions. The picornavirus ERV-1 was the only virus which survived well at high R.H. but poorly on exposure to dry conditions. The caliciviruses VEV and FCV were sensitive to R.H. in the 30–70% range. When subjected to aeration, all of the lipid-containing viruses which were examined lost infectivity but non-lipid viruses, including bovine adenovirus type 1 (BAdV-1), were stable. The addition of 0.1% peptone reduced losses, probably by protecting against surface inactivation. The significance of these findings in relation to possible control measures for viral respiratory disease is discussed. 相似文献