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1.
An experiment was conducted during rainy season (April-August) of 1994 and 1995 to assess the performance of rice, maize, sesame, greengram and blackgram grown in sole and intercropping system on Gangetic alluvial upland (Entisol) in West Bengal. India. All intercropping systems except sesame + rice had higher total productivity in terms of rice equivalent yield and net returns than all the sole crops. However, maximum advantage was obtained from paired row planted maize blackgram system followed by maize + sesame, maize + blackgram and paired row planted rice + blackgram. Paired row planted maize + blackgram increased land use efficiency (42%), rice equivalent yield (2955 kg ha−1), monetary return (Rs. 7294 ha−1), income equivalent ratio (1.22), monetary advantage (Rs. 3701 ha−1) compared with other cropping systems, which proved to be the most efficient system. The same treatment also indicated a modest competitive ratio (4.65:0.21) and gave a good value for the product of crowding coefficient (8.28).  相似文献   

2.
为探究不同氮效率夏玉米品种间作的氮肥增产效果,采用田间试验研究了不同施氮水平下,不同氮效率夏玉米品种间作种植模式对其产量、氮素积累量、地上部生物量、光合特性及氮肥利用效率的影响。结果表明,不施氮水平下,郑单958和浚单20间作较郑单958和浚单20单作产量分别增加8.82%和6.34%,吐丝期净光合速率分别增加47.68%和30.89%;施氮240 kg/hm~2水平下,间作较郑单958和浚单20单作产量分别增加7.19%和5.88%,吐丝期净光合速率分别增加27.31%和22.16%;施氮450 kg/hm~2水平下,间作较郑单958和浚单20单作产量分别增加6.53%和5.31%,吐丝期净光合速率分别增加19.20%和7.43%。间作模式下,施氮240,450 kg/hm~2,玉米分别增产9.55%和11.22%,但2个氮水平间差异不显著。郑单958和浚单20间作提高了夏玉米氮素积累量,氮肥利用率提高3.10~3.47个百分点,氮肥农学效率提高1.08~2.64 kg/kg;施氮240 kg/hm~2水平下,郑单958和浚单20间作的氮肥利用率高于浚单20单作,氮肥农学效率最高。综合产量和氮肥利用效率,郑单958和浚单20间作施氮240 kg/hm~2效果较好。  相似文献   

3.
基于统计数据,分析河南省主要气象因子对主要粮食作物单产变化的影响,为气候变化条件下作物适应性措施的选择提供依据。研究基于中国气象局数据（1960-2018年）和河南省统计年鉴数据（1985-2018年）,分析了年均气温、年日照时数、年降雨量和年均相对湿度4种气象因子,及小麦、玉米和水稻3种典型粮食作物单产的变化趋势及其相关性特征。结果显示,1960年以来河南省年均气温平均每10年升高0.20℃,豫西和豫中地区年均气温升高幅度略小于其他地区,豫东地区年均气温升高幅度最高。年降雨量整体随时间变化趋势不明显,但年际间变化幅度较大,以豫南地区变幅最高。年日照时数随时间显著下降,平均每10年减少122.8h。除豫西地区外,其他地区年均相对湿度呈下降趋势。全省小麦和水稻单产均随时间呈显著上升趋势,平均每10年分别增加1 158kg/hm2和1 050kg/hm2;而玉米单产随时间上升趋势较平缓,平均每10年增加670kg/hm2。年均气温对3种作物单产影响最大,而年日照时数和年均相对湿度次之,年降雨量因不同区域灌溉条件不同,对作物单产影响较小。总的来说,河南省各区域年均气温明显上升,而年日照时数和年均相对湿度呈下降趋势,年降雨量随时间变化不明显,但年际间浮动较大。小麦和水稻单产呈明显上升趋势,但玉米单产趋于稳定。年均气温和年日照时数对3种作物影响显著,年降雨量和年均相对湿度在豫北、豫中和豫东地区影响较小。  相似文献   

4.
The effects of variations in the relative sowing time of component crops in okra/maize and okra/cowpea intercropping systems were examined in 1990 and 1991 cropping seasons. Okra was either sown the same day as, or two weeks before or after maize or cowpea. Intercropping reduced the growth and yield of okra, maize and cowpea relative to their sole crops. However, okra yield was depressed more by maize than by cowpea, especially when okra was sown two weeks after maize. Comparative assessment of okra/maize and okra/cowpea mixtures suggests that it is better to grow okra and cowpea together than intercropping okra and maize because yield advantages were always higher in okra/cowpea (67% and 59% in 1990 and 1991 respectively) than in okra/maize (15% and 29%). The results were discussed in light of competitive abilities of the various components in the mixtures.  相似文献   

5.
通过比较种植模式双季稻（RR）,春玉米―晚稻（MR）,早稻―秋玉米（RM）的生育期、产量、经济效益及农产品镉含量等,探讨湖南镉污染稻田玉米对水稻季节性替代种植的可行性。结果表明,从生育季节来看,3种模式的晚季作物均能在10月下旬成熟,均适合在湖南双季稻区应用。2015和2016年两季作物总产量分别以RR和MR模式较高,但差异均不显著。与RR模式相比,2015年MR和RM模式下的纯收入有所下降,但2016年明显提高,2年总收入表现为MR>RM>RR,且前2种模式的单个劳动力纯收入明显高于RR模式。RM与MR模式的水稻糙米镉含量较RR模式有降低趋势,2016年晚稻表现更明显,从0.823mg/kg降到了0.621mg/kg。水稻糙米镉含量在0.231~0.823mg/kg,玉米籽粒镉含量在0.036~0.081mg/kg。水稻镉积累量远高于玉米,晚稻镉积累量远高于早稻,3种模式2季作物地上部总镉积累量表现为RR>MR>RM,且差异显著。可见,从生育季节、产量、纯收入和籽粒镉含量等角度考虑,春玉米―晚稻与早稻―秋玉米种植模式替代双季稻模式是可行的,考虑到春玉米―晚稻种植模式地上部镉移除量较多,因此宜首选春玉米―晚稻模式。  相似文献   

6.
西南地区不同套种模式对土壤肥力及经济效益的影响   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  
为探讨不同作物组合的种植模式对土壤肥力及经济效益的影响,寻找作物搭配合理、低投入高产出的套作模式。采用单因素随机区组试验,研究比较了4种套作模式(小麦/玉米/大豆、小麦/玉米/甘薯、小麦/高粱/大豆、马铃薯/玉米/大豆)的土壤肥力、产量及经济效益的差异。连续种植3年后,各种植模式的土壤养分含量基本维持或得到提升(速效钾除外)。甘薯茬口对全钾、速效钾消耗均较大,需适当提高钾肥用量。小麦/玉米/甘薯的总产量最高,小麦/玉米/大豆模式的大豆单产量最高,小麦的单产各模式无显著差异。不同模式收益表现为,小麦/玉米/大豆马铃薯/玉米/大豆小麦/玉米/甘薯小麦/高粱/大豆;产投比表现为,小麦/玉米/大豆马铃薯/玉米/大豆小麦/玉米/甘薯小麦/高粱/大豆。小麦/玉米/大豆收益为14196.41元/hm~2,产投比为3.69:1,均为所有模式中最高,加之大豆茬口可以活化土壤养分,是相对理想的套作模式。  相似文献   

7.
不同施氮水平对小麦/玉米间作产量和水分效应的影响   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4  
【研究目的】探讨小麦/玉米间作体系中氮肥对水分资源高效利用的调节作用,达到合理施肥提高水分利用效率的目的;【方法】采用田间试验,监测小麦/玉米间作不同生育期土攘水分,研究不同施氮量对产量和水分利用效率的影响;【结果】小麦/玉米间作的土地当量比（LER）为1.31~1.53,小麦相对于玉米的水分竞争比率（CRwm）约为1;在小麦收获时,间作小麦的水分利用效率（39.0 ~46.7kg/mm.hm2）远远高于玉米（1.28~4.81 kg/mm.hm2）,也高于单种小麦（25.43 ~30.75 kg/mm.hm2）;在小麦收获后,间作玉米（除N0处理）的水分利用效率迅速提高,当玉米收获时水分利用效率高达32.49 ~47.46 kg/mm.hm2,明显高于单种玉米（27.30 ~38.77 kg/mm.hm2）;【结论】小麦/玉米间作具有明显的产量优势,小麦玉米两作物水分利用效率分布时间上的错位是小麦/玉米间作高效利用水分资源的基础,合理施用氮肥能促进间作种植产量优势和水分利用优势的发挥。  相似文献   

8.
土壤氮素氨化、硝化及固氮作用是影响作物氮素吸收及氮肥损失的主要因素, 为揭示氮肥减量下玉米-大豆套作系统的土壤氮素转化特性及排放规律, 利用大田定位试验研究了3种模式(玉米单作MM、大豆单作MS、玉米-大豆套作IMS)和3种施氮水平(不施氮NN: 0; 减量施氮RN: 180 kg hm -2; 常量施氮CN: 240 kg hm -2)对土壤硝化作用、氨化作用、固氮作用及氨挥发、N2O排放、NO3 --N累积的影响。结果表明, IMS较相应单作提高了土壤硝化和氨化作用, IMS的氨挥发损失率和N2O损失率较MM降低21.6%和29.7%; IMS下玉米土壤的NO3 --N积累量显著高于MM, 而大豆土壤的NO3 --N积累量显著低于MS。各施氮处理间, RN较CN降低了玉米土壤的氨化与硝化作用, 增加了大豆土壤的硝化和固氮作用。IMS下RN的玉米、大豆全生育期固氮作用较CN增加29.7%和32.0%, 年均氨挥发总量和N2O排放量较CN降低37.2%和41.0%。玉米-大豆套作系统在减量施氮下通过提高土壤氮素氨化、硝化与固氮作用, 减少氮素排放损失, 增强耕层土壤NO3 --N积累, 为作物氮素吸收提供了充足氮源。  相似文献   

9.
为给玉米高产高效栽培提供科学依据,在大田试验条件下,选用郑单958和先玉335为材料,在每个品种下设置2个种植密度(6.75,8.25万株/hm~2)和4个施氮水平(0,180,240,300 kg/hm~2),研究了种植密度和施氮水平下2个高产玉米品种籽粒产量和氮素吸收利用特性。结果表明:在相同密度水平下,2个玉米品种籽粒产量、氮素积累量和蛋白质产量均随施氮量增加总体呈现增加趋势,氮素利用效率则降低;在相同施氮水平下,2个玉米品种籽粒产量、氮素积累量和蛋白质产量均随密度的增加总体呈现增加趋势,氮素利用效率则降低。在不同密氮组合下,先玉335的籽粒产量、氮素积累量、蛋白质产量及氮素利用效率均高于郑单958。本研究条件下,2个玉米品种在密度为8.25万株/hm~2,施氮量为240 kg/hm~2组合下,均可以同步协调实现籽粒产量、蛋白质产量和氮素利用效率的协调统一。  相似文献   

10.
About one-third of the total rice is grown under rainfed lowland conditions, mostly m south and south-east Asia. Crop productivity in this ecosystem can be improved by adopting suitable management practices as drainage of excess water is not feasible in the catchment and coastal areas. Field experiments were conducted using a long-duration (165 days), photosensitive, semi-tall (150 cm) rice cultivar Utkalprabha established through direct sowing or transplanting on different dates under 0–50 cm water depth at Cuttack, India, during 1989–91. Direct sowing was done in lines in dry soil from 10 May onward using 400 seeds/m2 and continued at 10 day intervals until June. Transplanting was done after accumulation of water in the field from July until 15 August with seedlings raised in nursery seed-beds with or without fertilizer application (100 kg N and 8.7 kg P and 16.7 kg K/ha) and tillers removed from the direct-sown crop. Seedling emergence varied significantly from 127–212/m, irrespective of sowing date and was dependent on rains received after sowing. However, the early sown crops in spite of poor germination, performed well due to better establishment and tiller production before water rose to higher depths in the field. There was a decreasing trend in grain yield, particularly when the sowing was delayed beyond end of May. The loss in yield with delayed sowing in June was due to poor crop stand which could not be compensated for by applying 50 % more seed (600/m2) and N fertilizer (60 kg N/ha). Removal of some of the tillers (100–130/m2) from crops sown on 30 May with 600 seeds/m2 for planting on an equivalent plot area did not cause any adverse effect on the performance of mother crop. The anticipated shortfall in yield due to lower panicles/m2 with clonal tiller separation was compensated for by the resulting increase in panicle weight. The performance of transplanted crops depended greatly on the water depth at or soon after planting. In 1990, planting on 15 July in 30 cm water depth helped in relatively better establishment and grain yield at par with sowing on 10 May. However, in 1991, when there was a sudden and rapid increase in water level to higher depths (50 cm) immediately after planting, the early planted crops produced only a negligible yield (0–1.2 t/ha). Highest yield was obtained from the crop planted with clonal tillers followed by that raised with fertilized and unfertilized nursery seedlings. Clonal tillers were taller (90 cm) and had more dry weight (1.78 g) compared with nursery seedlings (50–80 cm and 0.25–0.91 g). Therefore, the clonally propagated crop established well and acclimatized faster in the similar flooded environment, resulting in significantly higher grain yield particularly under late planted conditions. The results suggested early sowing by the end of May and transplanting with clonal tillers uprooted from the direct-sown crops for higher productivity of rice under uncontrolled excess water conditions.  相似文献   

11.
前茬冬小麦栽培措施对后茬夏玉米光合特性及产量的影响   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  
为了明确前茬冬小麦施氮和种植方式对后茬夏玉米光合特性及产量的影响,于2013-2015年华北平原冬小麦-夏玉米轮作区进行裂区试验。冬小麦施氮112.5 kg/hm2(N1)和225.0 kg/hm2(N2)为主处理,冬小麦等行距(U)改为夏玉米等行距(UR),20+40沟播(F)改为垄作(BP)的种植方式为副处理。结果表明,与UR和N1相比,BP和N2提高夏玉米叶面积指数(LAI)、叶绿素含量指数(CCI)、净光合速率(Pn)及干物质重(DM),且减缓LAI、CCI和Pn后期降低幅度。冬小麦季,与U相比,F种植方式增产3.1%、穗数提高6.9%、穗粒数提高2.4%。与N1相比,N2处理增产5.0%、穗数提高13.8%、穗粒数提高4.9%;夏玉米季,与UR比,夏玉米BP种植方式增产7.1%、穗粒数提高2.4%、收获指数提高5.9%。与N1相比,N2处理增产13.0%、穗粒数提高9.2%、收获指数提高11.9%。在华北冬小麦-夏玉米轮作区,冬小麦季施氮225.0 kg/hm2的条件下,氮肥后效明显,结合沟播冬小麦收获后在垄上直播夏玉米的种植方式是一种全程简化、高效、丰产的栽培措施,在华北平原冬小麦-夏玉米轮作区有很高的实践意义。  相似文献   

12.
分析2011—2020年黑龙江省粮食产能变化,探究2025年粮食产能约束条件下各作物单产和种植面积优化的可能性,有助于黑龙江省粮食生产“压舱石”的生产规划布局。采用浮点数编码遗传算法(FGA)与熵权综合评价相结合的方法,使用统计年鉴及网络公开的历史数据,探寻2025年黑龙江省粮食产能极值条件下玉米、水稻、大豆作物品种种植优化方案。结果表明：仅调整单产的最佳优化方案,需要较2020年增产幅度依次是大豆5.01%、水稻5.00%、玉米3.69%;仅调整面积的最佳优化方案,需要较2020年增加幅度依次是玉米8.34%、水稻3.31%、大豆-0.04%;面积与单产协同调整的最佳优化方案,需要较2020年增加幅度依次是玉米面积7.97%、大豆单产5.01%、水稻面积3.31%、玉米单产2.29%、大豆面积-0.04%、水稻单产-3.67%。通过调整作物种植面积或单产或面积与单产协同的3种假设,均可获取实现粮食产能目标的动态优化方案。本研究可为黑龙江省粮食作物种植布局和安全生产提供科学支撑。  相似文献   

13.
云南省大豆的种植主要以与玉米间作为主,适宜的种植密度是获得高产的前提,为研究种植密度对群体产量和经济产值的影响,找到最佳种植密度组合。采用二次饱和D-最优设计,分别在云南嵩明县（A）、会泽县（B）和鲁甸县（C）等3个点进行试验。研究了玉米和大豆种植密度对群体产量和经济产值的影响,并分别建立二元二次数学模型。结果表明：玉米和大豆密度对间作群体产量和经济产值影响显著,均呈凸抛物线型变化,在低密度水平下,群体产量和经济产值随密度的增加而增加。通过模型解析表明,玉米+大豆密度组合分别为64 110株/hm 2+147 013株/hm 2（A）、63 068株/hm 2+147 116株/hm 2（B）、64 059株/hm 2+145 077株/hm 2（C）时,各试验点可分别达到最高群体产量。玉米+大豆密度组合分别为62 909株/hm 2+149 852株/hm 2（A）、61 499株/hm 2+151 807株/hm 2（B）、62 762株/hm 2+147 108株/hm 2（C）时,各试验点可分别达到最高产值。经模拟得出,在本试验条件下,各试验点玉米大豆间作群体产量≥12 270kg/hm 2、经济产值≥24 000元/hm 2的最佳密度组合分别为玉米59 251~66 437株/hm 2、大豆140 075~161 495株/hm 2（A）,玉米58 927~65 366株/hm 2、大豆144 159~169 203株/hm 2（B）,玉米58 821~66 703株/hm 2、大豆139 315~154 886株/hm 2（C）。合理的密度搭配能有效提高群体产量,获得较高经济产值。  相似文献   

14.
玉米与旱地作物间作套种研究进展   总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6  
玉米是重要的谷类作物之一,其丰产与否将对中国的粮食安全起着举足轻重的作用。实践证明,作物合理的间作套种具有充分利用资源和大幅度增加产量的特点。本文总结了旱地种植玉米与豆科作物、小麦、蔬菜以及其他一些旱地作物的间作套种的研究进展及一些实施成效。通过文献综合分析得出,玉米与旱地作物间作或套种的生产模式与单作栽培模式相比,不仅有利于提高作物产量与品质,而且有利于提高资源利用率。提出如何拓展与深化系统研究,着力构建技术体系与栽培标准,无疑是至关重要的,并且认为要将研究成果转化为能够应用于大面积实际生产的技术规范和栽培方法,服务于当今现代旱地农业生产是必要的也是亟待要探讨的。  相似文献   

15.
The yield of maize ( Zea mays L.) can be increased appreciably if canopy closure is brought forward. In France and Germany, the use of plastic mulch has boosted dry matter yields of silage maize by approximately 4 t/ha. In Germany, the grain yield of maize plants grown from greenhouse-raised seedlings was 2.4 t/ha more than that of plants grown conventionally. The present study aimed to review and quantify the effect of the use of plastic mulch and greenhouse-raised seedlings on yield of maize. In field trials the effect of a photo-degradable transparent plastic mulch on the yield of two hybrids: Clipper (early-maturing) and Dea (late-maturing) was tested. In two of these trials the effect of using seedlings raised in the greenhouse up to the five-leaf stage was also tested. Crops with plastic mulch required 10 % fewer growing degree days from planting to silking than the unmulched crops, and this number was more constant between years and sites. On average, plastic mulch increased whole plant dry matter content from 29 % to 33 %, and the dry matter of the ear from 45 % to 52 %. In Dea , dry matter yields of the whole plant and of the ear rose by 2.6 and 2.1 t/ha respectively. In Clipper the yield increases were half as large. The regression of whole plant dry matter yield on the sum of global radiation from silking to harvest was similar for mulched and unmulched crops. This suggests that the yield increases obtained with the plastic mulch were largely attributable to advancement of canopy establishment. The whole-plant dry matter yield of plants initially raised in the greenhouse was similar to that of maize sown in situ, but the ear dry matter yield was 2.4 t/ha higher.  相似文献   

16.
镉污染稻区油菜–中稻替代双季稻种植的可行性研究   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  
为了探讨镉污染稻区油菜-中稻替代双季稻种植的可行性,在湖南省湘潭县中度镉污染稻田开展大田试验,研究了油菜-中稻与双季稻模式下的作物生育进程、产量、经济效益与镉含量。结果表明,双季稻、油菜-中稻均能在10月20日前成熟;双季稻早、晚稻产量分别为5233.7和6298.3kg/hm2,油菜和中稻产量分别为1875.5和7531.0kg/hm2,中稻产量较早、晚稻产量分别提高43.9%和19.6%;与双季稻模式相比,油菜-中稻模式成本降低13.5%,产值提高2.1%,纯收入提高42.6%,总纯收入与劳动力比值升高38.5%;早、中、晚稻根、茎、叶和籽粒等器官镉含量差异明显,均表现为晚稻>中稻>早稻的趋势;糙米镉含量在0.43~0.82mg/kg之间,油菜籽镉含量为0.11mg/kg。综合种植季节、产量、经济效益和籽粒镉含量来看,油菜-中稻模式可作为镉污染双季稻区替代双季稻的种植模式。  相似文献   

17.
Azolla is a small aquatic fern, that can be used as a green manure for irrigated rice before the transplanting of rice and under the rice crop. In a field experiment the interaction between Azolla application and rice spacing and its effect on the yield of rice in Azolla-rice dual culture were studied. The rice was planted in double-narrow-rows ([53 + 13] × 12cm) and in the regular 20 × 20cm spacing. Azolla was grown together with rice twice and also incorporated into the soil twice. Double-narrow-row planting slightly increased the Azolla growth, but reduced the grain yield due to the reduction of tillering by stronger competition between the rice plants. The Azolla application had no effect with double-narrow-rows. With 20 × 20cm spacing two Azolla crops had an effect equivalent to 15kg NH4-N/ha. An appreciable amount of Azolla-N seemed to be available to the rice plants already 25 days after incorporation.  相似文献   

18.
Field experiments were conducted at Agricultural Experimental Farm, Giridih, Jharkhand, during the kharif (wet) seasons of consecutive four years (1998–2001) to study the effect of staggered seeding of blackgram (Phaseolus mungo L.) in rice field as a cereal–legume intercropping system and to minimize the degree of competition between the crop species to avoid yield damage, and at the same time to create a high level of competition by the intercrops to suppress the weeds. Intercropping systems were assessed on the basis of land equivalent ratio, relative crowding coefficient, aggressivity, actual yield loss, monetary advantage, etc. Intercropping reduced the yield of component crops when compared with respective pure stands. However, deferred seeding of blackgram in rice (30 cm) after one weeding was most remunerative system and registered maximum rice-equivalent yield (2711 kg ha−1). Rice–blackgram (20 cm) intercropping system was very effective for weed smothering among unweeded intercropping treatments. In conclusion, deferred seeding of blackgram in rice field (30 cm) with one weeding may be recommended for better yield, weed suppression and better economics in the eastern plateau region of India.  相似文献   

19.
空间配置是影响间作套种作物生长和产量构成的关键因素之一。本研究固定玉米–大豆套作带宽200 cm,玉米采用宽窄行种植,设置4个玉米窄行行距为20 cm(A1)、40 cm(A2)、60 cm(A3)和80 cm(A4)套作处理,2个玉米和大豆净作对照处理,研究行距配置对套作系统中玉米和大豆生物量、根系及产量的影响。结果表明,套作大豆冠层光合有效辐射和红光/远红光比值均低于净作,且随着玉米窄行的增加而降低。套作系统中大豆地上地下生物量、总根长、根表面积和根体积从第三节龄期(V3)到盛花期(R2)逐渐增加,但随着玉米窄行的增加而降低。套作玉米地上地下生物量从抽雄期到成熟期逐渐增加,根体积却逐渐降低,但这些参数随玉米窄行的变宽而增加。玉米和大豆在带状套作系统中产量均低于净作,且随玉米窄行的变宽,玉米产量逐渐增加,2012和2013两年最大值平均为6181 kg hm–2,而大豆产量逐渐降低,两年最大值平均为1434 kg hm–2,产量变化与有效株数和粒数变化密切相关。此外,玉米–大豆带状套作群体土地当量比(LER)大于1.3,最大值出现在A2处理,分别为1.59(2012年)和1.61(2013年),且最大经济收益也出现在A2处理(2年每公顷平均收益为1.93万元)。因此,合理的行距配置对玉米–大豆带状套作系统中作物的生长、产量构成和群体效益具有重要的作用。  相似文献   

20.
Field experiments were conducted to investigate into the N and P fertilizer use in soybean/maize mixture during the wet seasons of 1985 and 1986 at Yandev Agricultural Experiment Station. Soybean/maize mixtures with 2/3 of the respective plant population of both crops in pure stands were raised at factorial combinations of four rates of N, 0, 40, 80, and 120 kg N/ha and four rates of P, 0, 13.2, 26.4 and 39.6 kg P/ha in a randomized complete block design with three replications.
The grain yield of maize cv. TZB (a pure line variety) in mixture and land equivalent ratio (LER) increased linearly up to 120 kg N/ha in 1985 as against significant increase in the grain yield of maize cv. 8322–3 (a hybrid variety) and LER up to 40 kg N/ha only in 1986 primarily due to greater fertilizer N recovery by the latter. Significant enhancement in LER was also recorded up to 26.4 kg P/ha in both years. The yield of soybean in mixture remained unaffected by N or P rates.
Total N uptake by shoots of soybean/maize mixture was significantly and linearly increased up to the application of 120 kg N/ha in 1985 as against significant increase in total N uptake by soybean/maize mixture only up to 40 kg N/ha in 1986 owing to the greater fertilizer N recovery by maize (69%) in the latter than the one (29.75—31.75%) in the former. Total N uptake by shoots of soybean/maize was also increased significantly due to the application of 26.4 kg P/ha.
Application of N and P also significantly enhanced P uptake by shoots of soybean/maize mixture and fertilizer P recovered by mixture was less (3.99—12.95%) in 1985 than the one (19.95—32.12%) in 1986.  相似文献   

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