共查询到19条相似文献，搜索用时 234 毫秒
1.
以33个不同玉米基因型为材料,在低磷和高磷两个供磷水平下,对玉米基因型的多个相对生物性状进行因子分析,结果表明：相对地下部干重、相对须根数和相对主根长是易于协同改良的性状,相对叶面积和相对地上部干重也是易于协同改良的性状,改良相对株高也不会对其他性状的改良产生负面影响。选育具有优良的相对地下部干重、相对须根数、相对主根长、相对叶面积、相对地上部干重和相对株高,是培育高磷效率玉米基因型的重要途径。结合相对根系性状因子、相对地上部生物量因子和相对株高因子的系统聚类分析,筛选出高磷效率玉米基因型178和5311。 相似文献
2.
19个玉米自交系的数量性状和AFLPs的遗传差异比较研究 总被引：5，自引：3，他引：5
以3个新近选育和16个生产上常用骨干系总计19个玉米自交系为材料，比较它们在数量性状和AFLPs上的遗传差异。结果表明，表型数量性状与AFLPs数据的两种聚类结果都与自交系系谱有较好的一致性，且AFLP的吻合程度较高，两种聚类结果都一致把19个自交系所组配的生产推广优势组合的双亲分在不同的组或亚组；其中新选系中的21-ES、A318与其他骨干系在数量性状与AFLPs上有较大差异，被单独聚为一类；各自交系间的数量性状和AFLPs的遗传距离与其F1的中亲优势值呈正相关。 相似文献
3.
抗青枯病花生种质的遗传多样性 总被引：14，自引：0，他引：14
以栽培种花生2个亚种4个植物学类型的31份对青枯病具有不同抗性的种质为材料,通过SSR和AFLP技术分析了其DNA多样性,并与通过形态和种子品质性状揭示的表型多样性进行了比较。结果表明,不同类型的抗青枯病花生品种之间存在丰富的DNA多样性,SSR揭示的品种间遗传距离大于AFLP揭示的品种间遗传距离,基于二者的聚类分析结果趋势一致,结合花生的植物学类型、地理来源和系谱分析,以SSR的聚类结果与表型性状的聚类结果更为吻合。感病优质高产品种“中花5号”与密枝亚种的普通型和龙生型的抗病材料的差异很大,与育种中被广泛利用的抗源“协抗青”和“台山三粒肉”的差异相对较小,与“远杂9102”的差异更小。 相似文献
4.
5.
为了明确广西审定丝苗型品种的趋同程度与遗传差异,选用19个广西审定丝苗品种,通过18个主要农艺性状表型鉴定与聚类分析,并采用48对SSR标记进行遗传多样性分析。结果表明：基于农艺性状表型的品种间欧氏距离聚类,可分为4类,包含12个品种的类群农艺性状表型表现趋同;3个两系品种,2个常规稻,14个三系品种均被聚类在不同的大类中,说明育种方式不影响表型聚类,农艺性状表型差异多样。基于SSR标记的遗传距离聚类,所有品种可以被划分为4个类群,而不同类群之间的遗传差异也显而易见,遗传多样性丰富;具有相同母本,或采用相同父本的品种,基本归于同类。两种聚类结果的对比表明,育种中品种间会出现遗传关系较远,农艺性状接近的情况;也会出现遗传关系较近,农艺性状相差较远的情况。研究农艺性状表型鉴定与聚类和解析遗传多样性的结果可为广西丝苗型品种的选育和推广保护提供理论和技术支持。 相似文献
6.
旨在评价陆地棉种质资源的遗传多样性和筛选代表性种质,为科学评价和高效利用陆地棉种质资源提供理论依据。基于367份陆地棉种质的SNP标记及其中353份种质的表型数据分别分析其遗传多样性、构建系统进化树及初级核心种质,并对初级核心种质的构建效果进行评价。结果显示,原始陆地棉群体SNP位点多态性信息含量为0.24,各表型性状的遗传多样性指数均接近或大于2.00,与前人研究结果相近。基于SNP标记可以将供试群体划分为3个类群,构建了73份基因型初级核心种质,初级核心种质的Nei′s遗传多样性指数、多态性信息含量等指标数值大于原始种质。基于表型数据可将供试群体划分为3个类群,各性状均值呈第Ⅰ类群最小、第Ⅱ类群居中、第Ⅲ类群最大的趋势。构建了含70份材料的表型初级核心种质,各性状均值较原始种质的差异均不显著,极差、遗传多样性指数与原始种质相近,变异系数均高于原始种质。基于SNP标记构建的初级核心种质和基于表型数据构建的初级核心种质有15份重合,这些种质多为基因型第Ⅱ类群和表型第Ⅱ类群。以上结果表明,陆地棉种质资源基因型遗传多样性较低,但表型变异丰富、遗传多样性较高。本研究构建的基因型和表型初级核心... 相似文献
7.
黄瓜种质资源遗传多样性的AFLP分析 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
对23份不同来源的黄瓜材料进行了AFLP分析。18对引物组合共扩增出543条谱带,其中,多态性带为106条,多态率为19.5%。UPGA分类结果将23份黄瓜材料划分为三大类群:第1类群为野生型黄瓜的聚类;第2类群为美国类型黄瓜、荷兰类型黄瓜以及具有荷兰血统的黄瓜的聚类;第3类群中包含所有中国类型黄瓜和2个前苏联类型黄瓜。遗传相似性分析和聚类结果表明:野生黄瓜和栽培黄瓜之间的亲缘关系较远,AFLP标记的分类结果与材料的主要性状特点基本一致。 相似文献
8.
本研究对36份三峡库区不同来源的青蒿种质资源的遗传多样性进行AFLP和RAPD分析,并对两种检测结果进行比较.AFLP分析结果表明青蒿种质资源的遗传距离在0.000 0～0.196 7 cM之间,平均为0.091 1 cM;RAPD分析结果表明青蒿种质资源的遗传距离在0.000 0～0.325 4 cM之间,平均为0.1614 cM.青蒿种质资源遗传相似系数按类平均法,AFLP和RAPD均可分为4类.其中,36份青蒿种质资源中的20份(55.6%)AFLP的分类结果与RAPD的分类有较好的一致性. 相似文献
9.
花期性状是玉米的重要性状,与熟期、散粉结实率和产量关系密切,对玉米品种选育至关重要。为探究玉米花期性状的遗传基础,本研究以248份遗传多样性丰富的玉米自交系作为关联群体,通过2017年和2018年在河北保定和辛集的田间试验调查抽雄期、散粉期、吐丝期和散粉吐丝间隔期4个花期相关性状,利用分布于全基因组的83057个SNP标记进行关联分析。结果表明,4个花期相关性状的基因型、年份、地点、基因型与地点的互作、基因型与年份的互作均达到极显著水平;抽雄期、散粉期、吐丝期的遗传率分别为71.77%、71.27%、73.93%,并且两两性状间呈极显著正相关,散粉吐丝间隔期遗传率为62.50%,仅与吐丝期呈极显著正相关;4个花期性状共检测到18个SNPs-性状关联(共涉及16个SNP位点),单个位点的表型贡献率范围为5.46%~28.36%,仅1个位点在不同性状中检测到;筛选到81个候选基因,其中36个在GO分析中具有功能注释。潜在候选基因GRMZM5G877647编码early flowering 4蛋白,参与光周期的调节;GRMZM2G173630编码类赤霉素受体蛋白参与植物激素信号转导;GRMZM2G001139、GRMZM2G375707编码与花器官建成的MADS转录因子。这些潜在候选基因为解析玉米花期性状遗传基础和分子辅助选择育种提供参考。 相似文献
10.
本研究利用18对SSR分子标记对20份常用甘蔗亲本进行遗传多样性分析,实验结果表明,共扩增出410条带,每对引物的扩增带数为9～52条,平均23条;遗传相似性为0.522～0.693,平均为0.606,相似系数较低,亲本间遗传差异较大。SSR聚类分析结果表明:以相似系数0.61为标准,可以将20份常用甘蔗亲本分为四类,分类结果与系谱来源基本吻合,磷效率在四类甘蔗亲本材料间存在显著的类型差异。在亲本选配过程中,综合考虑亲本的SSR分子标记及磷效率评价结果,有利于提高亲本选择准确性和培育磷高效基因型。 相似文献
11.
Karim Sorkheh Behrouz Shiran T. M. Gradziel B. K. Epperson Pedro Martínez-Gómez E. Asadi 《Euphytica》2007,156(3):327-344
Amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) analysis is a rapid and efficient method for producing DNA fingerprints and
molecular characterization. Our objectives were to: estimate genetic similarities (GS), marker indices, and polymorphic information
contents (PICs) for AFLP markers in almond cultivars; assess the genetic diversity of almond cultivars and wild species, using
GS estimated from AFLP fingerprints and molecular characterization; and facilitate the use of markers in inter-specific introgression
and cultivar improvement. The genetic diversity of 45 almond cultivars from Iran, Europe, and America, were studied assaying
19 primer combinations. In addition, several agronomic traits were evaluated, including flowering and maturity times, self-incompatibility,
and kernel and fruit properties. Out of the 813 polymerase chain reaction fragments that were scored, 781 (96.23%) were polymorphic.
GS ranged from 0.5 to 0.96, marker indices ranged from 51.37 to 78.79, and PICs ranged from 0.56 to 0.86. Results allowed
the unique molecular identification of all assayed genotypes. However, the correlation between genetic similarity clustering
as based on AFLP and clustering for agronomic traits was low. Cluster analysis based on AFLP data clearly differentiated the
genotypes and wild species according to their origin and pedigree, whereas, cluster analysis based on agronomic data differentiated
according the pomological characterization. Our results showed the great genetic diversity of the almond cultivars and their
interest for almond breeding. 相似文献
12.
干旱胁迫对向日葵发芽出苗有重要影响。以K55×K58组合衍生的187个F6重组自交系为材料,利用SSR、SRAP、AFLP标记构建向日葵高密度遗传连锁图谱,设置正常水分(CK)和模拟干旱(18%聚乙二醇PEG-6000)两种水分条件,调查9个芽期数量性状,PCR扩增株系,构建一张包含17个连锁群、1105个标记(368个SSR、368个SRAP和369个AFLP)的高密度遗传连锁图谱。该图谱覆盖基因组长度3846.0 c M,平均图距3.48 c M,连锁群长度147.6~295.5 c M,每个连锁群标记数10~165个。两种条件下检测到33个QTL,其中干旱条件下检测到发芽指数、发芽率、胚芽长、胚根长、胚芽鲜重和胚根鲜重6个性状的14个QTL,可解释6.1%~14.0%的表型变异;正常水分(CK)条件下检测到发芽势、胚根长、胚芽鲜重、胚根鲜重、胚根干重和胚芽干重6个性状的19个QTL,可解释6.1%~25.8%的表型变异。两种水分条件下检测到Qefw5-1、Qefw5-2、Qefw5-4、Qrfw5、Qrfw10和Qrl9共6个QTL的遗传贡献率超过10%,此外,还检测到9个影响干旱胁迫与正常水分条件下性状差值的QTL,可能对抗旱性有直接贡献。这些QTL可为向日葵芽期抗旱分子设计育种研究提供重要参考。 相似文献
13.
Assessment of genetic diversity in bread wheat genotypes for tolerance to drought using AFLPs and agronomic traits 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
M. Esmaeilzadeh Moghaddam R. M. Trethowan H. M. William A. Rezai A. Arzani A. F. Mirlohi 《Euphytica》2005,141(1-2):147-156
Moisture stress greatly limits the productivity of wheat in many wheat-growing regions of the world. Knowledge of the degree of genetic diversity among parental materials for key selection traits will facilitate the development of high yielding, stress tolerant wheat cultivars. The objectives of this study were to: (i) use amplified fragment length polymorphisms (AFLPs) to assess genetic diversity among bread wheat lines and cultivars with different responses to drought stress in two distinct environments and, (ii) compare genetic diversity estimated by AFLPs with diversity evaluated on agronomic performance under drought stress. Twenty-eight genotypes, 14 from Iran and 14 developed or obtained by CIMMYT, were evaluated in the study. Phenotypic data on the 14 Iranian lines were obtained in Iran, and data on the 14 CIMMYT lines were collected in Mexico. Ten AFLP primer pairs detected 335 polymorphic bands among the 28 cultivars. At the 5th fusion level of the resulting dendrogram, 6 genotype clusters were identified. Thirteen of the 14 CIMMYT genotypes grouped into one cluster while 4 of the remaining groups were comprised only of Iranian genotypes. When the agronomic performance of the Iranian materials was compared with the AFLP diversity analysis, 5 of the 6 drought susceptible genotypes clustered together in the agronomic dendrogram, and were located in the same cluster in the AFLP dendrogram. However, the drought tolerant Iranian materials did not show the same degree of relationship. The CIMMYT materials did not demonstrate a significant association between agronomic performance and genetic diversity determined using AFLPs. Clearly these data show that there are genotypes with similar agronomic performance and different genetic constitutions in this study that can be combined in a breeding program to potentially improve tolerance to drought stress. 相似文献
14.
I. Karsai Gy. Vida S. Petrovics E. Petcu B. Kobiljski S. Ivanovska Z. Bedő O. Veisz 《Euphytica》2012,186(1):139-151
The genetic diversity present in the breeding programs of southeast Europe was assessed in a set of 114 winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) cultivars using AFLP and SSR markers. The average genetic diversity characterised with the Jaccard’s distance coefficient was 0.605 with an interval of 0.053 and 0.889. The wheat cultivars originating from the four countries differed from each other in their clustering patterns, including the numbers of clusters and the most prevalent cluster, which was breeding program-specific. Hungarian and Romanian cultivars showed closer relationships, and Serbian and Macedonian cultivars grouped together more frequently. The phenotypic variability of the same cultivars was assessed under diverse ecological conditions of the four growing sites, measuring the disease resistance against two foliar diseases, and several agronomic traits. Of the phenotypic traits, powdery mildew and leaf rust responses showed significant associations with genetic diversity, whereas heading date, plant height and yield components did not. Through parallel assessment of genotypic and phenotypic diversity it was possible to separate winter wheat cultivars with similar genotype but diverse phenotype from those with similar phenotype but diverse genotype. This information will allow breeders to make informed decisions in selecting parents for new crosses. 相似文献
15.
Heathcliffe Riday E. Charles Brummer T. Austin Campbell Diane Luth Patricia M. Cazcarro 《Euphytica》2003,131(1):37-45
Biomass yield heterosis has been shown to exist between Medicago sativasubsp. sativa and Medica gosativa subsp. falcata. The objective of this study was to gain a better understanding of what morphological and genetic factors were most highly
correlated with total biomass yield heterosis. We calculated genetic distances among nine sativa and five falcate genotypes
based on amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) and simple sequence repeat (SSR) DNA markers. Genetic distance did
not correlate with specific combining ability (SCA) or mid-parent heterosis. In contrast, a morphological distance matrix
based on seventeen agronomic and forage quality traits was significantly correlated with heterosis; the agronomic traits of
maturity, midseason regrowth, and autumn regrowth showed strong association with heterosis. Heterosis was also correlated
with subspecies. We suggest that in many cases progeny heterosis can be accounted for by the interaction of genes controlling
morphologically divergent traits between the parents. In other cases, progeny heterosis could also be due to divergence between
the parents at particular genetic loci that do not control field-level phenotypic differences. Genetic distanceper se between parental genotypes, based on neutral molecular markers, however, does not reflect the potential of individual genotypes
to produce heterosis in their progeny.
This revised version was published online in August 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献
16.
Morpho-physiological and molecular analysis were conducted to identify useful root indexes of sugar beet nutrient uptake capacity
and productivity. Root architectural parameters, root elongation rate, sulfate uptake rate and glucose and fructose content
in the root apex, traits involved in the plant response to sulfate stress, were evaluated in 18 sugar beet genotypes characterized
by different root yield. Morpho-physiological traits, determined on 11-day-old seedlings grown in hydroponics under sulfate
deprivation, showed variations from 59 to 197% and were significantly correlated (P < 0.01) with root yield. Under field conditions, the highest root yield genotype (L18), which has the highest root phenotypic
values following sulfate shortage, also showed the greatest root length density and leaf relative water content, with respect
to the lowest root yield genotype (L01). Bulk segregant analysis based on AFLP analysis, done on a segregating progeny obtained
from the cross between the two lines L01 × L18, allowed the identification of two AFLP markers associated to the root elongation
rate parameter that showed the highest variation among all the analyzed root traits. The genetic diversity of root adaptive
traits and the use of marker-assisted selection aimed at increasing sugar yield under water and nutrient stress in sugar beet
breeding programmes are discussed. 相似文献
17.
Genetic diversity of garlic (Allium sativum L.) germplasm from China by fluorescent‐based AFLP,SSR and InDel markers 
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下载免费PDF全文 Haiping Wang Xixiang Li Xiuhui Liu Yang Oiu Jiangping Song Xiaohui Zhang 《Plant Breeding》2016,135(6):743-750
Garlic (Allium sativum L.), an asexually propagated crop, is an important vegetable and medicinal plant. China is the biggest garlic producer in the world; however, the genetic background of garlic from China is not well understood. In this study, population structure and clustering analysis of garlic germplasm was performed using amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP), simple sequence repeat (SSR) and insertion–deletion (InDel) markers. Among 212 accessions of garlic, genetic diversity analysis identified 546 alleles amplified by AFLP, SSR and InDel primers, and 492 of these were polymorphic. All accessions were divided into five groups by structure analysis and neighbor‐joining clustering. Most traits, including allicin content, were only slightly affected by population structure, which indicated that this germplasm can be used as populations for association mapping. The results provide a molecular basis for understanding the genetic diversity of the garlic germplasm preserved in China. 相似文献
18.
Björn B. D’hoop Maria João Paulo Rolf A. Mank Herman J. van Eck Fred A. van Eeuwijk 《Euphytica》2008,161(1-2):47-60
In this paper, we describe the assessment of linkage disequilibrium and its decay in a collection of potato cultivars. In addition, we report on a simple regression based association mapping approach and its results to quality traits in potato. We selected 221 tetraploid potato cultivars and progenitor lines, representing the global diversity in potato, with emphasis on genetic variation for agro-morphological and quality traits. Phenotypic data for these agro-morphological and quality traits were obtained from recent trials performed by five breeding companies. The collection was genotyped with 250 AFLP® markers from five primer combinations. The genetic position of a subset of the markers could be inferred from an ultra dense potato map. Decay of linkage disequilibrium was estimated by calculating the squared correlation between pairs of markers using marker band intensities. Marker-trait associations were investigated by fitting single marker regression models for phenotypic traits on marker band intensities with and without correction for population structure. The paper illustrates the potential of association mapping in tetraploid potato, because existing phenotypic data, a modest number of AFLP markers, and a relatively simple statistical analysis, allowed identifying interesting associations. 相似文献
19.
为了筛选出优异的扁蓿豆育种新材料,本研究采用AFLP和SSR分子标记技术对来自于中国7个省市自治区的15份扁蓿豆种质资源进行遗传多样性的比较分析,结果表明:18对SSR引物扩增出109个多态位点,8个AFLP引物组合扩增出640条带,其中472条多态带.AFLP标记的平均Nei′s遗传多样性指数、Shannon多样性指数和遗传分化系数均高于SSR标记.15份扁蓿豆种质的遗传距离和遗传相似系数与地理类群很接近.AFLP和SSR数据的聚类分析显示:15份扁蓿豆种质分为4大类,但是聚类结果与地理类群不完全相符,主成分结果与聚类结果相似,Mantel 检测表明:AFLP和SSR数据有较高的显著相关性,AFLP和SSR标记能够有效地对扁蓿豆进行遗传多样性分析,其结果为扁蓿豆育种和资源保护具有指导意义. 相似文献