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1.
阔叶十大功劳炭疽病初报 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
A new leaf spot disease of Mahonia healei was found in Guangxi China, which was one of the limitations for the growth of M. healei. Based on the morphology, pathogenicity and the analysis of sequences of ribosome rDNA-ITS, the pathogen of M. healei anthracnose disease was identified as Colletotrichum gloeosporioides (Penz.)Sacc. 相似文献
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蝴蝶兰软腐病中一种新致病菌的分离与鉴定 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
Soft rot disease often affects Phalaenopsis amabilis during the growing season. However, the pathogen of the disease is remaining poorly studied. In this study, bacterial strain R1 was isolated from soft rot tissues in Wuhan. The pathogenic, morphological, physiological, biochemical tests and 16S rDNA sequence analysis were carried out. The homology of 16S rDNA sequence between strain R1 and Pseudomonas grimontii was 99.72%, and its physiological and biochemical properties were also similar to those of Pseudomonas grimontiis. All these evidences indicated that strain R1 could be identified as a novel strain of Pseudomonas grimontii. The pathogenicity of the novel isolate was proved according to the Koch's postulates. This is the first report that Pseudomonas grimontii can cause soft rot disease of Phalaenopsis amabilis. 相似文献
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黑松感染松材线虫后几种有机酸含量的变化 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
Changes of benzoic acid, phenylacetic acid and salicylic acid contents in stem of 3-4 year old Pinus thunbergii inoculated with Bursaphelenchus xylophilus were studied by HPLC. The results showed that after nematode infection, contents of benzoic acid and salicylic acid in the stem of Pinus thunbergii increased gradually and then decreased when serious disease occurred, while content of phenylacetic acid increased at early stage and decreased at later stage of the disease. The role of benzoic acid, pbenylacetic acid and salicylic acid during the development of the disease was discussed. 相似文献
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Fusarium oxysporum is one of the most important phytopathogens and cause Fusarium wilt disease in cucumber, watermelon and melon, etc.In this study, a pair of species-specific primers Fc-1 and Fc-2 was synthesized based on differences in internal transcribed spacer sequences of Fusarium genus.With the primers, a specific 315 bp PCR product was amplified from five F.oxysporum isolates isolated from cucumber, watermelon and melon, infected cucumber and watermelon tissues, while no product was obtained from other fourteen fungi, healthy cucumber and watermelon tissues.The detection sensitivity is 100 fg for genomic DNA of F.oxysporum and 1 000 spores/g soil for the soil pathogens.In contrast, the nested PCR with two pairs of primers(ITS1/ITS4 and Fc-1/Fc-2) increased the sensitivity by 100-fold.In addition, one-step PCR could also detect F.oxysporum in symptomless cucumber root of 7 dpi(days post inoculation) and in infected cucumber and watermelon tissues at the early stage of disease development.Therefore, the developed PCR-based method enabled rapid, sensitive and reliable detection of F.oxysporum.It also provides the detection method for early monitoring and diagnosis of the pathogen as well as the plant disease management guidance. 相似文献
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番茄叶片漆腐病病原菌鉴定 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
A new leave disease of tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Miller) was observed in polyethylene film-covered greenhouse in Beijing, China. This disease spreaded rapidly in the greenhouse and caused serious loss of the production of tomatoes. In the study, a fungal strain isolated from the lesion was confirmed to be pathogen for this new disease, and identified as Myrothecium roridum Tode ex Ft. based on the morphology, cultural characters on PDA plate and sequence analysis of ribosomal DNA-ITS. This is the first report of myrothecium leaf spot on tomato occurring in commercial greenhouse in China. 相似文献
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江西甘蔗花叶病病原的分子鉴定 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
Sugarcane mosaic disease, caused by Sugarcane mosaic virus (SCMV), Sorghum mosaic virus (SrMV), Maize dwarf mosaic virus (MDMV) or Johnsongrass mosaic virus (JGMV) in Potyvirus, is one of the most important viral diseases of sugarcane. In the study, four primer pairs specific to SCMV, SrMV, MDMV and JGMV, respectively, were designed and used to detect 29 sugarcane leaf mosaic samples collected from 9 locations in Jiangxi province. The representative RT-PCR products were sequenced. The results showed that 22 samples were infected by SCMV, three by SrMV, and four were mix-infected by SCMV and SrMV. MDMV or JGMV were not identified in all samples. The result indicates that SCMV is the major pathogen of sugarcane mosaic disease in Jiangxi province, and SrMV is also a pathogen for the disease. 相似文献
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土壤中烟草根黑腐病菌的实时定量PCR检测技术研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Thielaviopsis basicola is a soil-borne plant pathogen which causes root rot disease in tobacco plants. Detection and monitoring of T. basicolain soil is of great significance to control this disease. Based on the differences in internal transcribed spacer (ITS) sequences of T. basicola and other fungal pathogens, a specific primer pair Tb1/Tb2 for T. basicolawas developed. The results showed that the primer pair gave a single amplicon of 330 bp from T. basicola and revealed no undesirable cross-reaction with other seven soil-borne pathogen isolates and three tobacco rhizosphere dominant fungi isolates. With a series of 10-fold genomic DNA dilutions of T. basicola, the detection limit of 1 pg/μL in conventional PCRand100 fg/μL in real-time quantitative PCR was achieved. With DNA from the soil inoculated with different numbers of T. basicola conidia, the detection limit was 10 conidia per reaction in conventional PCR and 0.4 conidia per reaction in real-time quantitative PCR. 相似文献
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土壤中棉花黄萎病菌快速检测技术研究 总被引：8，自引：0，他引：8
Verticillium wilt,caused by Verticillium dahliae,is the most important disease of cotton.In this work,the previously developed defoliating(D) and nondefoliating(ND) V.dahliae-specific primers were adopted for detection of pathotypes of V.dahliae in soil by using nested PCR.The results showed that the detection assay was efficient when used in infested soil and was an useful technique for rapid and accurate assessment of soil contamination by V.dahliae. 相似文献
9.
柰李细菌性黑斑病菌侵染过程研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
The bacterial spot on Nai plum caused by Xanthomonas arboricola pv. pruni is an important disease in Hunan Province, causing a considerable yield loss. Studies were carried out on this disease, such as field investigation on occurrence and development and integrated control. In this paper we report the fine structure study of the diseased tissues. 相似文献
10.
川芎茵核病的症状及病原菌鉴定 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Symptoms of sclerotinia stem rot of Ligusticum chuanxiong were observed and the causal agent of the disease was identified. The results showed that the symptoms of this disease began with the formation of dark brown hygrophanous splotch on the basal leaves, followed by the appearance of dark brown circular spot on the basal stem. Finally, the whole plant stoped growing and died. White mycelium and/or sclerotia were formed under moisturized conditions. On PDA medium, the pathogen of this disease formed brown sclerotia with various shapes and 2-5 mm in diameter. The diameter of apothecia was 0.3-0.8 cm and the length of stipes was 2-8 cm. Asci were columniform in shape and (100-135)×9μm in size, each containing 8 ascospores sized by (6-12) μm×(3-7)μm. No asexual spore formation was observed. Based on the morphological characteristics and the sequence of ribosomal DNAITS, the pathogen was identified as Sclerotinia sclerotiorum (Lib.) de Bary. 相似文献
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杨梅衰弱病在杨梅主产区发生严重,但其成因尚未明确。为明确根际土壤真菌与衰弱病的相关性,本研究以来自仙居、临海和兰溪3个不同地区的健康植株和衰弱植株的根际土壤为材料,利用实时荧光定量PCR技术,对14种与连作障碍相关的土壤真菌进行了定量检测与分析。结果表明:杨梅根际真菌群体的含量比较丰富;被孢霉属(Mortierella spp.)和轮枝孢属(Verticillium spp.)在发病植株根际的含量均显著高于健康植株,与杨梅衰弱病呈正相关关系;青霉菌属(Penicillium spp.)在发病植株根际的含量显著低于健康植株,与杨梅衰弱病呈负相关关系。本研究建立了杨梅根际土壤真菌的快速检测体系,明确了健康株和衰弱株根际真菌菌群的差异,为杨梅衰弱病的研究和病害防控提供参考。 相似文献
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<正>Dickeya和Pectobacterium属细菌的植物寄主广泛,包括十字花科、茄科、百合科、伞形花科和禾本科等科的农作物[1],所引发的细菌性软腐病严重影响农作物的产量和品质,造成严重经济损失,威胁农业生产和粮食安全。Dickeya和Pectobacterium属不同种的菌株能侵染同一种植物,产生相似的病症。如已发现能侵染马铃薯并导致软腐病害的有D. solani、D. dianthicola、D. dadantii、D.chrysanthemi、D. zeae、P. versatile、P. carotovorum、P. brasiliense、P. atrosepticum、P. betavasculorum、P. parmentieri、P. parvum、P. peruviense、P. polaris、P. actinidiae和P. punjabense等种的细菌[2-3]。 相似文献
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黑斑病是浙江省慈溪市浙麦冬种植基地常发病害,传染速度快且严重影响麦冬的产量与品质。为了明确引起黑斑病的病原菌以便后续有效防治该病害,本文通过对染病组织培养、病原菌分离纯化和柯赫法则验证、形态学观察与基因序列分析比对（ITS、EF-1α、RPB2、Alt a 1、His 3、ATP）,最终鉴定出引起浙麦冬黑斑病的病原菌是链格孢菌Alternaria alternata。研究淀粉酶产色链霉菌Streptomycesdiastatochromogenes 1628代谢产物对黑斑病的防效结果表明,1628代谢产物对链格孢菌菌丝生长具有较强的抑制作用,其EC50=0.764%（体积浓度）。田间防效结果表明7和14 d校正防效分别可达74.08%和65.28%,均高于阳性对照多菌灵。本研究明确了浙麦冬黑斑病病原菌的分类地位,并筛选到能有效抑制该病原菌的生防菌株淀粉酶产色链霉菌,为后续浙麦冬黑斑病的防治提供依据。 相似文献
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正黑斑病是三七栽培生产中常见的一大病害,叶片受害产生近圆形或不规则水浸状病斑,常导致成株落叶、幼苗生长点及茎秆顶端腐烂枯死。其病原一般认为是链格孢属真菌人参链格Alternaria panax Whetzel~([1,2]),也有相关研究证明黑斑病病原为细链格孢Alternaria tenuis Nees~([3]),后定名为链格孢Alternaria alternata Keissl~([4])。本研究利用ITS序列和histone 3部分编码序列的PCR鉴定,结合形态学鉴定,分析三七主产区黑斑病菌的组成和分布情况及几种病原菌的致病力差异,以期为三七黑斑病防治提供理论依据。 相似文献
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黄龙病是柑橘生产中最具毁灭性的病害,柑橘木虱Diaphorina citri（Kuwayama）是黄龙病的传播媒介,亮腹釉小蜂Tamarixia radiata（Waterston）是柑橘木虱的优势寄生蜂,在防治柑橘木虱上具有巨大潜力。本文研究了年橘Citrus reticulata Blanco cv.Nianju为载体的亮腹釉小蜂生产的关键技术,建立了年橘-柑橘木虱-寄生蜂的生产体系,实现了规模化生产。明确了年橘新芽繁育的标准化修剪方法,以整体修剪法为最佳,产芽时间为12.6 d,产芽数量为39.6个/株;明确了柑橘木虱若虫繁育中柑橘木虱成虫接种数量,以柑橘木虱：新芽为2：1为最佳;明确了亮腹釉小蜂生产中亮腹釉小蜂接种数量,以亮腹釉小蜂：柑橘木虱为1：10为最佳。按本文生产方法,每笼（5株年橘）可收获亮腹釉小蜂646.67头。 相似文献
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黑斑病为薄壳山核桃重要真菌性病害,为了实现薄壳山核桃黑斑病绿色防控,本研究旨在筛选优良的内生拮抗菌株,为黑斑病的生物防控提供生防资源。通过形态鉴定、生理生化特征测定和16S rDNA与GyrA基因分析,对薄壳山核桃内生拮抗菌进行鉴定;采用平板对峙法测定内生拮抗菌对黑斑病病原真菌（5属21种26株）菌丝生长的抑制能力,分离筛选到2株高效拮抗菌ZJJDZY和ZJJDYB,鉴定为贝莱斯芽胞杆菌Bacillus velezensis。平板对峙法测定结果表明,2株拮抗菌均对12种12株炭疽菌Colletotrichum spp.、1种4株葡萄座腔菌Botryosphaeria dothidea、2种2株链格孢菌Alternaria spp.、4种7株新拟盘多毛孢Neopestalotiopsis spp.和1种1株拟茎点霉菌Phomopsis sp.均具有拮抗效果。其中,对C. henanense PCZJJD18、C. sojae PCAHFY5、N. mesopotamica PCSCLZ2、A. alternata PCAHFY6、Phomopsis PCZJJD14 sp.的抑制率为最高,抑制率在57.1%～60.6%,且两株拮抗菌抑菌能力相似;不同浓度的拮抗菌对不同属病原真菌的抑制效果不同,浓度为108 CFU/mL时,拮抗效果最好,随着浓度降低,拮抗效果显著减弱。该两个菌株对多种薄壳山核桃黑斑病病原真菌具有拮抗作用,具有较佳的生防潜力。 相似文献