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塔里木河下游生态修复措施体系探讨 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
新疆塔里木河流域近期综合治理项目2001年由国务院批准实施,计划历时5年对源流和干流进行治理。通过治理,使多年来断流的塔里木河下游大西海子水库以下河道恢复过流。多年来,大西海子断面至塔里木河尾间台特玛湖间的生态环境持续衰退,如何使塔里木河下游生态得到较好修复,作者结合已完成的前期设计工作,对有关生态修复措施体系进行初步探讨,总结出内陆干旱地区风沙地带生态修复和水土保持的思路和方法。 相似文献
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赵青 《山西水土保持科技》2005,(4):37-38
吕梁市属干旱半干旱的黄土高原区,梁峁起伏,沟壑纵横,水土流失严重,生态环境十分恶劣.加快水土流失治理,是经济社会持续发展的切入点.实施生态的自然修复,是加快水土流失治理的正确途径.但是,生态修复是一项庞大的、涉及千家万户和子孙后代的系统工程,需认真分析研究.本文在进行全市水土流失治理现状分析的基础上,提出了实施好生态修复的几点建议. 相似文献
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近几十年来,塔里木河下游河道断流,地下水水位剧烈下降,天然植被衰退,为恢复和重建塔里木河下游严重受损的生态系统,从2001年到2006年,先后进行了8次生态应急输水.在实地考察和前人研究资料的基础上,对塔里木河下游生态输水的背景进行了介绍.分析了生态输水后地下水位恢复情况、地下水矿化度变化、植被对生态输水的响应以及生态输水对土地沙漠化情况的影响.结果认为,生态输水后塔里木河下游沿河道两岸一定范围内生态环境得到明显的改善,但仍存在一些问题,如目前生态输水主要建立在博斯腾湖和开都河高水位的基础上,如果遇枯水期则无法实现.若长期大量从博湖调水,必然导致博湖水环境的恶化. 相似文献
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我国水土保持生态修复中存在的问题及其解决措施浅析 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
《南方农业》2021,(3)
在现代经济社会发展中,水土流失现象日渐普遍,直接制约了社会经济的长远发展,且对人们的生存环境造成了严重的破坏。而水土保持生态修复作为持续发展背景下治理水土流失的有效举措,得以广泛应用并取得了阶段性的显著成效。基于此,对水土保持生态修复的概念及现状进行分析,提出水土保持生态修复的相关策略,借此提升我国水土保持生态修复整体工作效益。 相似文献
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平原地区河道堤防滩地的水土流失,直接淤积河床,影响行洪安全。堤防滩地的水土流失是自然因素和人为因素共同作用的结果,以新修堤防的水土流失最为严重,对其防治须实行工程措施、植物措施和人为预防相结合。 相似文献
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重庆地处长江上游、三峡库区,由于三峡库区水土流失严重、生态环境脆弱、自然灾害频繁,且三峡库区的水土保持和生态建设事关全市经济社会发展全局、事关三峡工程建成后的安全运行和库区的长治久安,因此是我市水土保持生态建设的重点。虽然,“长治”工程的有效实施,使我市的水土保持生态建设取得了较大的成绩,但离全面建设小康社会的要求尚有不少的差距,因此,我们要紧紧抓住国家实施可持续发展战略和西部大开发战略的历史机遇,进一步增强紧迫感、责任感和使命感,调动全社会各界力量,防治水土流失,改善生态环境,建设巴渝秀美山川。 相似文献
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论水土、水土生态与水土生态保持 总被引：4，自引：7，他引：4
在论述水土在陆地生态系统中的地位和作用的基础上,提出了水土生态的概念,认为植被与水土不可分割的整体观念是水土生态的重要特征。同时,对水土生态保持的含义作了新的定义,并将水土生态保持划分为四大类型,即生态型、自然型、生产型、建设型。从水土生态的高度,从源头上、要素的联系中去认识和防治水土流失,是一种主动的、有机的、整体的水土保持观念,是水土保持认识观的深化和发展,将使水土生态保持事业进入一个崭新的时代。 相似文献
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The charge characteristics of A1 or Ap and B2 horizon samples of total 23 Ultisols, Alfisols and Oxisols in Korea and Thailand were studied by measuring the retention of NH4+ and NO3? at different pH values (4–8) and NH4NO3 concentrations (0.1–0.005 m ). The magnitude of their negative charge (σ?; meq/100g) was dependent on pH and NH4NO3 concentration (C; m ) as represented by a regression equation: log σ?=apH +blogC +c. The values of the coefficient a (0.04–0.226), b (0.03–0.264) and c (–0.676–1.262) were correlated with the kinds of the soil and horizon and with the region where the soil exists. The retention of NO3? was less than 1 and 2–3 meq/100 g for the A1 or Ap and B2 horizon samples, respectively. The sum of exchangeable base and Al (‘effective’ CEC) was close to and higher than the magnitude of permanent charge (=σ? measured at pH = 4.3 and at C = 0.005 m ) for one-third and two-thirds of samples, respectively. A σ? value of 16 meq/100 g clay at pH = 7 and C = 0.01 m was found appropriate to separate the B2 horizons of Thai Ultisols and Oxisols from those of Korean Ultisols and Alfisols. Korean Alfisols and Ultisols and Thai Ultisols were distinguished from each other on the status of exchangeable base and Al 相似文献
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水土保持法律规范和相关行政法律规范,共同构成了水土保持监督管理法律体系,其内容庞杂,相互交叉、融合,程序复杂。通过一组网络图及其简要注释,直观地表述了水土保持监督管理工作的相关程序、时效、逻辑关系和法律依据;通过对网络图呈现的逻辑问题所反映出的法律缺陷进行分析,提出应当按照立法法的有关规定,对现行法律特别是水土保持法律法规进行必要的修改,以适应不断发展的水土保持监督管理工作需要的建议。 相似文献
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简析了婺源县城镇开发区建设过程中造成水土流失的状况、危害、原因后,提出了其防治措施,并阐明开展城市（镇）水土保持的紧迫性。 相似文献
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我国滑坡、崩塌的区域特征、成因分析及其防御 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
论述了我国滑坡、崩塌的区域分布特征,滑坡和崩塌的危害程度,滑坡和崩塌类型和成因分析,并且提出了灾害的防御措施,以期达到环境保护成为社会发展过程中的一个重要组成部分。 相似文献
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Soils were collected from 2-year (2-y) and 3-year (3-y) old red-pine seedling plots in two tree nurseries, Hayward in the north and Wilson in the southwestern part of Wisconsin State respectively, and equilibrated with 0.01 M Ca(NO3)2 for soil solution Zn and Mn (solu-Zn and Mn), and with 0.01 M Ca(NO3)2+0.005 M EDTA for soil adsorbed Zn and Mn (ad-Zn and Mn). Buffering capacity of soil Zn and Mn (b-Zn and Mn) was obtained from the ratio of ad-Zn and Mn to the solu-Zn and Mn. The concerned traces in pine seedling needles (ndls), stems(sts) and roots (rts) were simultaneously measured. 相似文献
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C. G. Sherrell 《Journal of plant nutrition》2013,36(9):801-816
Abstract Lucerne (Medicago sativa L.) and phalaris (Phalaris aquatica L.) were grown separately and together in a pot trial on a yellow‐brown pumice soil with three rates of sodium (Na) and two rates of potassium (K) in factorial combination. Lucerne alone had a low Na concentration but growing phalaris as a companion grass produced herbage with a Na concentration adequate for stock. Na application increased the Na concentration in phalaris and the mixture of phalaris and lucerne much more than in lucerne alone; had little effect on K concentration; slightly reduced Mg concentration; and greatly reduced Ca concentration but not as much in lucerne as in phalaris or the mixture with lucerne. K application increased K concentration and reduced Na, Ca and Mg concentrations throughout. Yield of phalaris grown alone and in combination with lucerne was increased significantly by Na application when K concentration in the plants was low. Yield of lucerne was not affected by Na application and it is concluded that Na did not substitute for K in this species. It is concluded that field trials are warranted to investigate the possibility of growing a special purpose mixture of lucerne and phalaris on New Zealand yellow‐brown pumice soils to provide feed that has adequate Na for grazing animals. 相似文献