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1.
腹侧壁切口剖腹产手术治疗犬难产 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
1996年 4月～ 2 0 0 0年 1 2月间 ,笔者收治了 1 5例观赏犬难产病例 ,其中人工助产 5例 ;采用腹正中线切口手术通路助产4例 ;采用腹侧壁切口手术通路助产 6例。经比较分析发现腹侧壁切口手术通路明显优于腹正中线切口手术通路 ,现将采用腹侧壁切口手术通路治疗犬难产的情况报告如下。1 保定和麻醉保定 :手术犬右侧卧保定 ,左侧后肢向后背方向固定 ,充分暴露腹侧壁 ,包括膝褶部位的腹壁 ,并用绷带将犬的嘴捆住。麻醉 :使用速眠新 846复合麻醉剂全身浅麻 ,约 2 0ｍｉｎ后进行手术。术部用 0 2 %普鲁卡因浸润麻醉。2 手术要点①术部 (乳腺… 相似文献
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犬腹侧壁切口剖腹产术 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
犬腹侧壁切口剖腹产术杨晓农邓一科刘群汤承杨永鑫（西南民族学院动物科学系，成都６１００４１）剖腹产手术是解决观赏犬各种类型难产的有效措施之一。常用的手术通路为腹正中线切口。笔者在１９９１～１９９５年采用腹侧壁手术通路进行了不同品种的观赏犬手术２１２例，... 相似文献
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《中国兽医杂志》2016,(4)
本试验旨在应用腹腔镜外科手术技术完成犬肾脏切除术,并从手术对犬循环和呼吸系统机能的影响来全面、客观评价手术安全性。通过麻醉犬的腹侧壁建立3个腹腔镜套管手术通路,在腹腔镜的监视下,完全暴露、分离和结扎肾动脉、肾静脉和输尿管,并剪断,将游离的肾脏装入标本袋后,通过扩大的套管口将肾脏拿出腹腔,完成腹腔镜犬肾脏切除术。在整个手术过程中监测犬的循环和呼吸系统;记录术中和术后并发症,以及术后犬的恢复情况。术后所有犬全部存活,术中和术后没有发生较大的并发症。术后犬疼痛反应轻,饮食欲在1~2 d基本恢复。腹腔镜犬肾脏切除术对犬的循环和呼吸系统功能影响轻微,所有犬都能正常耐受,是一项有效、安全的技术。 相似文献
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1适应症马的开胸术适用于腹疝修补、胸透创治疗、胸脓肿引流和先天性血管异常的治疗等。2局部解剖家畜胸侧壁分为前半部和后半部,其前半部覆盖强大的肩壁肌群,本文描述的位置是胸侧壁的后半部。其前界是臂三头肌的后缘(肘线),后界为最后肋骨,上界为髂肋肌的外缘, 相似文献
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为了探索犬前列腺摘除术的不同通路及其关键技术,选择3～5月龄、3～5 kg体重的4只杂交犬,分成1、2组,分别采用翻开耻骨片和经腹底部正中切口牵拉膀胱以暴露前列腺的手术通路,对前列腺进行完整摘除后作尿道断端吻合,术后观察犬的精神、食欲、饮欲、排便、排尿等情况,并于术后第3周进行剖检,观察膀胱及尿道断端的愈合情况。结果显示,采用上述2种手术通路进行前列腺摘除后,试验犬的精神、食欲、饮欲、排便、排尿等一切正常,膀胱有少量出血点,尿道吻合处愈合良好。试验结果表明,采用6-0单丝尼龙线和结节缝合法是吻合尿道断端的可靠方法,而使用盆腔脂肪组织覆盖尿道吻合处能够有效地预防吻合处漏尿且与周围组织黏连,是保证吻合处良好愈合的有利因素。 相似文献
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《中国兽医学报》2016,(11):1944-1948
14只健康犬随机分为电视辅助胸腔镜手术(video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery,VATS)组和开胸组,每组7只,2组动物分别采用VATS方法和开胸方法进行单侧全肺切除术。通过检测在术前、术中及术后不同时间点的血清MDA、SOD、GSH-Px、TNOS和iNOS含量变化,比较VATS和开胸手术对机体氧化应激的影响。结果显示:与术前相比,在术后4h2组各应激水平变化值达到最大,并且差异显著(P0.05);GSH-Px和iNOS的检测结果显示VATS组更早出现显著性差异变化(2h)。在开胸手术中各项指标的峰值较高。说明2种手术方法均能够引起机体强烈的氧化应激;VATS手术产生相对低的应激水平,但是可能会更早出现应激状态。 相似文献
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牛的开胸术常应用于胸腔疾患的探查,创伤性心包炎和化脓性心包炎的根治,肺组织病变的切除,胸段食管阻塞物的排除等。但由于此手术难度大,要求的技术条件较高,所以至今在兽医临床治疗上还没有被广泛应用。为了探索一种疗效较满意、简单易行、操作安全的开胸术方法,笔者自73年以来,做过36例牛(黄牛和水牛)的开胸手术,术后效果均较满意。现将我们的做法和体会总结报告如下。 相似文献
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M-mode echocardiograms were recorded from 10 conscious, clinically normal dogs at various heart rates during atrial pacing. Heart rate was recorded as cycle length (seconds), and measurements were made only during sustained 1:1 atrial-to-ventricular conduction. In all dogs studied, there was a significant (P less than 0.01) positive correlation of left ventricular internal chamber dimension in diastole and systole to cycle length. Also, there was positive correlation between these left ventricular dimensions and the square root of cycle length, which predicted a plateau in dimensional changes as cycle length increased. Echocardiographic shortening fraction and left ventricular and septal wall thickness measurements did not change consistently during pacing. We concluded that left ventricular chamber dimensions in the dog may be significantly affected by alterations in heart rate. 相似文献
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K. Mc Entee DVM PhD dipl ECVIM-CA C. Clercx DVM PhD Dipl ECVIM-CA T. Flandre DVM E. Jonville DVM C. Pynnaert DVM R. Van Beneden MS JM Ketelslegers MD PhD C. Michaux DVM Phd M. Balligand DVM PhD dipl ECVS-CA N. Miserque DVM M. Henroteaux DVM 《Journal of Veterinary Cardiology》2000,2(2):7
The aims of this study were to investigate (1) hormonal activation before and during dobutamine cardiac stress testing (DST) in a canine model of early left ventricular dysfunction (ELVD) induced by rapid right ventricular pacing (RRVP) and (2) the relationship between this hormonal profile and carnitine concentrations.Before the pacing period, the 6 dogs were assigned to 2 groups according their baseline total plasma carnitine concentration. A DST was performed on each dog before activation of the pacemaker and every 3 to 4 days during development of 3 progressive stages of ELVD (stages 1, 2 and 3). Plasma atrial natriuretic factor (ANF), angiotensin II (ANG II) and endothelin-1 (ET-1) levels were measured at the start and at the end of each DST. Effects of ELVD, DST and plasma carnitine concentration on these measurements were tested.The RRVP induced a significant increase of ANF and ANG II and a non significant trend toward increase of ET-1 in all dogs.Before the pacing period, ANF remained constant during the DST in dogs with normal total plasma carnitine concentration, while it significantly decreased in dogs with low total plasma carnitine concentration. Dobutamine stress testing induced a significant decrease in ANF in all dogs in ELVD. Dobutamine infusion induced a significant increase in ANG II in all dogs before as well as during the pacing period while ET-1 was unchanged.These results suggest that investigation of the hormonal profile before and after a dobutamine challenge might provide important diagnostic information in dogs with asymptomatic or mildly symptomatic cardiac dysfunction of different origins. 相似文献
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Hybrid balloon valvuloplasty for management of severe mitral stenosis in four symptomatic,adult dogs
Four adult dogs weighing <10 kg presented for the evaluation of severe mitral valve stenosis with clinical signs. Owing to the size of the dogs, a hybrid surgical and interventional approach was utilized for balloon valvuloplasty. A left lateral thoracotomy was performed to allow direct entry through the left atrial wall. Transesophageal echocardiography was utilized for the entirety of the procedure in all dogs, and fluoroscopy was additionally used in two dogs. One dog had mild to moderate intra-operative bleeding from the left atrial wall during the procedure, but no other intra-operative complications were observed. No dogs developed a clinically relevant amount of worsened mitral regurgitation. Based on mitral leaflet mobility and transmitral flow profiles, there was perceived improvement in all four dogs. One dog died 6 h after extubation due to respiratory arrest. The remaining dogs survived to discharge and had resolution of clinical signs at home and discontinuation of heart failure medications. One dog died of an unknown cause at five months and another developed atrial fibrillation, and the owners elected to euthanize at ten months after the procedure. One dog continues to do well six months after the procedure as of the time of this writing. Hybrid balloon valvuloplasty can be a viable management option for small breed dogs with severe mitral stenosis exhibiting clinical signs, and both transesophageal echocardiography and fluoroscopy can be used intra-operatively to assist in successful procedural outcomes. 相似文献
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Gines JA Friend EJ Vives MA Browne WJ Tarlton JF Chanoit G 《The Journal of small animal practice》2011,52(11):582-586
Objectives : To compare the mechanical properties of two different materials for canine median sternotomy closure . Study Design : In vitro biomechanical study. Sample Population : Twelve canine cadaveric entire sternum and portion of associated ribs and musculature. Methods : Median sternotomy leaving the manubrium intact was closed using polydioxanone and stainless steel wire in a figure of eight pattern. Constructs were loaded in a servohydraulic material testing system and displacement was compared at loads of 125, 150, 200, 250, 300, 350 and 400 N, and at failure. Results : Displacement at loads up to 400 N and failure did not show any statistical difference between the polydioxanone and the stainless steel wire. However, the loading forces to create failure of the construct were superior for the stainless steel. Polydioxanone and stainless steel wire had the same response to distractive forces for loads applied up to 400 N. Clinical Significance : This study cannot recommend the use of polydioxanone over wires but suggests that polydioxanone can potentially be an alternative for primary median sternotomy closure in selected patients. 相似文献
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Thyroid function in dogs with spontaneous and induced congestive heart failure. 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4 
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下载免费PDF全文 The effects of spontaneous and experimentally induced congestive heart failure on serum thyroxine (T4), 3,5,3'-triiodothyronine (T3), 3,3'5'-triiodothyronine (reverse T3), free T4, free T3 concentrations, and the serum T4 and T3 concentrations in response to administration of thyrotropin were studied. Serum thyroid hormone concentrations were not different between eight dogs with spontaneous congestive heart failure and normal age matched control dogs. Seven dogs with experimental heart failure were tested before and after induction of congestive heart failure by rapid ventricular pacing. Mean serum T4 and free T3 concentrations were decreased and mean serum reverse T3 concentration was increased following induction of heart failure. The serum T4 and T3 responses to thyrotropin were not altered. Thyroid gland morphology appeared normal in dogs with experimental heart failure. Experimental congestive heart failure, similar to some other nonthyroidal illnesses, alters thyroid hormone secretion and metabolism in dogs. 相似文献
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Mc Entee K Clercx C Soyeur D Amory H Michaux C Flandre T Jonville E Pynnaert C Miserque N Henroteaux M 《American journal of veterinary research》2001,62(3):448-455
OBJECTIVE: To determine whether dobutamine stress tests (DST) can be used to detect cardiac dysfunction in dogs with early left ventricular dysfunction (ELVD) induced by rapid right ventricular pacing (RRVP). ANIMALS: 7 adult male Beagles. PROCEDURE: A pacemaker was surgically implanted in each dog at the level of the right ventricular apex. Electrocardiography, Doppler sphygmomanometry, and Doppler echocardiography were performed before and during a DST prior to activation of the pacemaker and every 3 to 4 days during the period of RRVP. Dobutamine stress tests were performed by infusing dobutamine at incremental dosages ranging from 12.5 to 42.5 microg/kg of body weight/min. RESULTS: Clinical signs of congestive heart failure were not observed during the pacing period. However, all dogs developed ELVD associated with significant changes in values for most Doppler echocardiographic variables obtained prior to DST Adverse cardiac effects were not detected during DST. Most Doppler echocardiographic indices of cardiac function were significantly altered in response to dobutamine infusion during the pacing period, compared with prepacing values. However, a dobutamine-induced 2-fold increase in cardiac output was maintained. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Dobutamine stress tests can be safely performed in dogs with experimentally induced ELVD. Dobutamine stress tests may be a sensitive, noninvasive diagnostic method, complementary to standard clinical examinations, for detection of early cardiac dysfunction in dogs asymptomatic for dilated cardiomyopathy. 相似文献
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Rush JE Freeman LM Brown DJ Brewer BP Ross JN Markwell PJ 《Journal of veterinary internal medicine / American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine》2000,14(5):513-520
The use of low-sodium diets in dogs with heart failure is common practice, but randomized, double-blind studies have not been conducted to examine the benefits or problems with this approach. The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of a low-sodium diet on clinical, echocardiographic, and neurohormonal parameters in dogs with heart failure. Dogs with stable chronic heart failure were fed exclusively a low-sodium (LS) and a moderate-sodium (MS) diet for 4 weeks each in a randomized, double-blind, crossover design. At days 0, 28, and 56, echocardiography and thoracic radiography were performed, and blood was analyzed for electrolytes and neurohormones. Fourteen dogs completed the study (9 with chronic valvular disease and 5 with dilated cardiomyopathy). Electrolyte abnormalities were common during the study, and serum sodium and chloride concentrations decreased significantly on the LS diet. Neurohormones did not change significantly between diet groups. Maximum left atrial (P = .05) and standard left atrial (P = .09) size decreased on the LS diet. For dogs with chronic valvular disease, vertebral heart score (P = .05), left ventricular internal dimension in diastole (P = .006) and systole (P = .02), standard left atrial dimension (P = .03), maximum left atrial dimension (P = .02), end-diastolic volume index (P = .02), and end-systolic volume index (P = .04) decreased significantly on the LS diet compared to the MS diet. Although analysis of these data suggests some benefits of a low-sodium diet, future studies with improved study design are needed to further evaluate the advantages and disadvantages of sodium restriction in dogs with heart failure. 相似文献
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In an anatomic and radiologic study of the clavicle of 50 adult dogs of 10 breeds, the clavicle had ossified in 96% of the dogs. The clavicles studied had various shapes, and each clavicle was attached to the caudomedial part of the clavicular intersection of the brachiocephalic muscle, to the mastoid part of the cleidocephalic muscle, and to 4 radiating bands of connective tissue fasciculi. One band was attached to the caudal border of the scapula and fascia deep to the latissimus dorsi muscle, 1 was attached to the manubrium of the sternum, and 1 each was attached to the epimysia of the superficial pectoral and sternocephalic muscles. We concluded that, during movements of the thoracic limb, the clavicle and the 4 fasciculated connective tissue bands associated with it stabilize the position of the brachiocephalic muscle with relation to the crest of the greater tubercle of the humerus. Also, the fasciculated band attached to the caudal border of the scapula provides protection for nerves from the brachial plexus and axillary blood vessels that supply the thoracic limb. 相似文献
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W. Pérez V. Méndez N. Vazquez M. Navarrete H. E. König 《Anatomia, histologia, embryologia》2018,47(2):110-118
The available information about anatomical characteristics of the cardiovascular system of the alpaca (Vicugna pacos, Linnaeus 1758) is scarce. The general objective of this work was to describe its heart anatomy. We dissected six adult animals and five neonates. The heart of the alpaca was located in the middle mediastinum, with a craniocaudal extension from the third to the sixth rib. No ligament that connected the fibrous pericardium to the sternum or to the diaphragm was detected. In the right atrium, there was a developed crista terminalis and small pectinate muscles. In the right ventricle, the septomarginal trabecula was very large. From the proximities of the interventricular septum arose small septomarginal trabeculae that ended in carnous trabeculae of the septal wall. The left atrium included little developed pectinate muscles. On the left ventricle, both papillary muscles were bilobed. Two left septomarginal trabeculas were detected in this ventricle. The left subclavian artery was originated from the aortic arch separately from the brachiocephalic trunk, and bicarotid trunk was present. The other branches of the subclavian artery were similar to the domestic ruminants. The arterial supply of the heart was of the right type. In conclusion, the heart anatomy of alpaca and the irrigation of thoracic cavity were more similar to those of old world camels and different from domestic ruminants. 相似文献
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Linda B. Lehmukhl DVM MS John D. Bonagura DVM MS David S. Biller DVM MS Wendie M. Hartman 《Veterinary radiology & ultrasound》1997,38(2):94-100
Dilation of the caudal vena cava (CVC) on lateral thoracic radiographs is often interpreted as suggestive of right-sided congestive heart failure. To quantitate the clinical utility of evaluating CVC size as an indicator of right-sided heart disease, we compared the ratio of the diameter of the CVC as measured on a left lateral thoracic radiograph to the descending aorta (Ao), length of the thoracic vertebra above the tracheal bifurcation (VL), and width of the right fourth rib (R4) in 35 dogs with right heart disease and 35 control dogs. Each CVC ratio (CVC/Ao, CVC/VL, CVC/R4) was statistically larger in dogs with right heart disease. Response operating characteristic curves and likelihood ratios were used to determine ratios helpful in identifying dogs with right heart disease. A CVC/Ao > 1.50, CVC/VL > 1.30, or CVC/R4 > 3.50 are strongly suggestive of a right-sided heart abnormality in a patent. 相似文献