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番茄黄化曲叶病抗病基因与抗病育种的最新进展 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
《分子植物育种》2016,(8)
番茄黄化曲叶病毒病作为一种新型病毒病,已成为威胁各国番茄生产的主要病害之一。目前已经发现和挖掘的抗病基因有Ty-1、Ty-2、Ty-3、Ty-4和ty-5,只有Ty-1/Ty-3被克隆。关于番茄黄化曲叶病毒病的研究较为广泛,而关于植物抗TYLCV机制的研究和报道很少。本综述对黄化曲叶病毒病株系分化、相关的抗病基因、抗病机制以及病毒诱导及基因沉默技术的国内外研究进展进行了综述。 相似文献
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烟粉虱与番茄黄化曲叶病毒病发生关系研究 总被引：3，自引：1，他引：2
[研究目的]为了明确番茄黄化曲叶病毒病在陕西的发生范围、不同种植茬口的发病率、烟粉虱对番茄黄化曲叶病毒病,为病毒病防治提供理论依据。[方法]通过田间定期普查和人工接虫相结合的方法研究了烟粉虱在番茄黄化曲叶病毒病侵染循环中所起的作用。[结果]结果表明,从不同种植区域来看,番茄黄化曲叶病毒病在陕西番茄栽培区域普遍发生,其中渭南、延安、西安,咸阳等地区发生最重,平均发病株率52.3%,病情指数平均32.6,汉中地区未发生。越夏茬番茄平均发病株率94.8%,平均病情指数53.8,平均产量降低74.0%；秋延茬和越冬茬次之,早春茬为害最轻。烟粉虱发生期与病毒病发生期相吻合,烟粉虱在较低密度情况下发生后20～25天,田间出现病毒病流行；在较高密度情况下,发生后10～15天田间出现病毒病流行。单株番茄单头烟粉虱带毒,即可引起番茄浸染病毒,随着虫口密度的增加,发病株率及发病程度依次增加。烟粉虱在感染番茄黄化曲叶病毒植株上获毒15min后即可传毒,并能够引起23.9%无毒植株染病,获毒720min时,植株感病率高达95.6 %,传毒效率与获毒时间呈正相关关系。[结论]陕西关中地区为番茄黄化曲叶病毒病为害严重地区,越夏茬番茄发病最严重,其次是秋延茬和越冬茬,烟粉虱的密度、带毒率、传毒效能是传播番茄黄化曲叶病毒病的关键因子,有效切断烟粉虱的传播以及避开烟粉虱的发生高峰期是制定番茄黄化曲叶病毒病防治策略的科学基础。 相似文献
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为明确番茄黄化曲叶病毒病(TY病毒病)与番茄叶片中各金属元素含量的关系,利用原子吸收分光光度计对不同品种及不同定植时间的番茄叶片中Mg、Ca、Fe、Mn、Cu、Zn共6种金属元素的含量进行了测定。研究结果表明,不同抗性水平的番茄品种的各金属元素含量存在显著性差异,番茄的病情指数与Mg、Mn和Zn 3种元素的含量呈线性负相关关系,且随着定植时间的增加,感病品种叶片中Mn和Zn的含量呈显著性降低。因此,在番茄生长过程中,为了抑制番茄黄化曲叶病毒病的发生,可对植株施加适量的Mn肥和Zn肥。 相似文献
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番茄黄化曲叶病毒研究进展 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
《分子植物育种》2017,(9)
番茄黄化曲叶病毒病(TYLCD)是一种灾难性的病害,可使番茄产量损失达100%,严重地影响了番茄产业的发展。其病原为单链环状DNA的双生病毒科番茄黄化曲叶病毒(TYLCV或TY),目前尚无可靠药物能防治,对其进行防治就要充分的了解和掌握该病毒的特点。因此开展本研究作者查阅了国内外大量的番茄黄化曲叶病毒的相关文章,从病原病毒的类型,发病特征,病毒寄主,传播途径及其防治方法等方面总结出了番茄黄化曲叶病毒的研究动态。本研究内容既可以为研究人员进一步研究番茄黄化曲叶病毒提供理论依据,也可以为生产人员提供科学、有效的番茄黄化曲叶病毒病的防治方法。 相似文献
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基于数字图像的番茄黄化曲叶病毒病色彩分析研究 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
为实现番茄黄化曲叶病毒病的快速无损监测,利用计算机图像处理技术对番茄叶片图像进行研究。在3种颜色系统中比较9种颜色参数,发现其中5种色彩参数存在显著差异,通过进一步的分布统计研究,发现了各参数的最优区分区间。其中G、Y、Cb 3个值对感病叶片的区分率均达到70%以上,最优区分点分别在135、121和110,可以作为TYLCVD的特征参数应用于识别模型为后续研究识别模型提供重要的参数依据。试验结果表明,基于色彩分析法对番茄黄化曲叶病毒病进行识别是可行的。 相似文献
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番茄黄化曲叶病毒病是一种严重威胁全世界番茄生产的病害,培育抗病品种已成为防治该病害的主要技术手段.番茄黄化曲叶病毒病抗性基因Ty-1和Ty-3为不完全显性遗传,本研究采用PCR技术,对来自于内蒙古包头市农业科学研究所的11份番茄抗病、耐病及感病育种材料进行了抗病基因Ty-1及Ty-3的检测,并对Ty-1抗性基因进行Taq I酶切.结果发现,11份育种材料中,材料3和材料7中含有Ty-1及Ty-3抗性基因,材料1、材料4、材料5及材料7中含有Ty-3基因,其余材料无抗病基因.研究结果对准确鉴定番茄育种材料的黄化曲叶病抗病基因,抗病育种材料的辅助选择及缩短育种周期具有重要意义. 相似文献
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为研究壳寡糖锌对温室番茄的防病效果及果实品质和产量的影响,以常见植物病原菌和温室番茄为研究对象,采用室内抑菌实验和田间试验,测定壳寡糖锌的抑菌活性及其对温室番茄病害的防治效果,以及对番茄植株生长、果实品质和产量的影响。结果表明,在抑菌实验中,壳寡糖锌对黄瓜角斑病原菌(Pseudomonas syringae pv. Lachrymans)、姜瘟病原菌(Ralstonia solanacearum)、小麦赤霉病原菌(FusaHum graminearum Sehw)、水稻纹枯病原菌(Rhizoctonia solani Kühn)、棉花枯萎病原菌(Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. Vesinfectum)等多种病原菌均具有较好的抑制作用,MIC值明显低于常规化学杀菌剂。在田间试验中,与温室正常管理的对照组相比,喷施壳寡糖锌可明显减少和减轻番茄植株病害的发生;显著促进番茄株高、茎粗增长,相对增量分别为17.11%、53.89%;提高番茄果实中可溶性固形物、固酸比、还原糖、维生素C、锌含量,相对增量分别为5.88%、11.90%、27.88%、51.60%、87.91%,而且总酸含量降低5.38%;提高番茄总产量和一级果产量,相对增量分别为23.35%和30.73%,无二级果和次果。由此可见,壳寡糖锌具有广谱抑菌性以及较好的防病、促生、提质、增产的功效,药肥两用,值得在农业生产中开发应用。 相似文献
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本研究采用多重PCR方法对与抗番茄黄化曲叶病毒病（tomato yellow leafcurl virus,TYLCV）的Ty-2和Ty-3基因紧密连锁的共显性SCAR标记进行扩增筛选,不同基因型（Ty-2/Ty-2,Ty-2/ty-2,ty-2/ty-2,ty-3/ty-3）的材料扩增出不同长度的特异片段,建立了一种快速检测抗TYLCV基因的技术。利用该技术对22份番茄材料进行检测,同时利用普通PCR对上述材料进行检测,两者结果完全吻合。最后用田间自然发病的方法在大田对这些材料抗性进行验证,符合率达86.4%。 相似文献
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Evaluation of tomato entries with different combinations of resistance genes to tomato yellow leaf curl disease in Tunisia 
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下载免费PDF全文 Tomato yellow leaf curl virus (TYLCV) is one of the most widespread begomoviruses transmitted by the whitefly Bemisia tabaci that cause tomato yellow leaf curl virus diseases (TYLCDs). TYLCD losses can be especially severe in open‐field tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) crops. TYLCV is particularly well known and widespread in the Mediterranean (Med) countries where TYLCD control is mostly based on insecticidal control of B. tabaci populations. Unfortunately, Tunisian B. tabaci populations include Middle East‐Asia Minor I and the Med species that have developed resistance to many classes of insecticides. Therefore, TYLCD‐resistant cultivars are essential for sustainable disease management. Six TYLCD resistance genes (Ty) have been introgressed from wild species into cultivated tomato and are available for breeding. Information on the Ty genes or gene combinations is useful for breeding resistant cultivars. To this end, 14 tomato lines carrying different Ty gene combinations and two susceptible tomato entries were evaluated for TYLCD incidence and severity in two field trials during late season in Tunisia. Entries with Ty‐1/Ty‐3 + Ty‐2 offered the highest levels of resistance in Tunisia. 相似文献
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V. Muniyappa S. H. Jalikop A. K. Saikia Chennarayappa G. Shivashankar A. Ishwara Bhat H. K. Ramappa 《Euphytica》1991,56(1):37-41
Summary 1201 tomato cultivars, breeding lines and accessions of Lycopersicon species were screened for tomato leaf curl virus (TLCV) under field and laboratory conditions during summer seasons of 1986 to 1989. Two lines of L. hirsutum (PI 390658 and PI 390659) and 2 lines of L. peruvianum (PI 127830 and PI 127831) were resistant to TLCV infection. These accessions did not produce any leaf curl symptoms either in field or after inoculation by whitefly Bemisia tabaci with TLCV. Adult whiteflies died within 3 days after releasing on resistant accessions (PI 390658, PI 390659, PI 127830), whereas the whiteflies survived upto 25 days on susceptible tomato cultivars. Under field conditions 0–4 and 5–25 adult whiteflies were observed on resistant and susceptible cultivars respectively. Hybridization was effected using the popular tomato cultivars Arka Sourabh, and Arka Vikas, as the female parents and the resistant Lycopersicon wild species as the pollen parents, to incorporate the resistant gene(s) into the edible tomatoes. 相似文献
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K. S. Shankarappa Sriharsha K. T. Rangaswamy D. S. Aswathanarayana H. A. Prameela R. S. Kulkarni V. Muniyappa A. Mohan Rao M. N. Maruthi 《Euphytica》2008,164(2):531-539
Resistance to tomato leaf curl virus disease (ToLCVD) in tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) is scarce but was developed recently in three open pollinated (OP) varieties (Sankranthi, Nandi and Vybhav), which are now
available for cultivation in South India. Hybrids with superior yield capabilities, however, are a preferred choice of cultivation
by farmers but hybrids are highly susceptible to ToLCVD. In order to develop virus resistant tomato hybrids, the three OPs
were crossed with 12 tomato genotypes with superior agronomic characteristics. From the crosses, 20 hybrids were selected
(named BLRH-1 to BLRH-20, Bangalore leaf curl virus-resistant hybrid) and evaluated for their resistance to ToLCVD at the University of Agricultural Sciences, Bengaluru, South India, both through
whitefly-mediated inoculations in the glasshouse and natural infection in the field during summer 2005. Their growth and fruit
yield parameters were compared against the popularly grown hybrids and OPs. Differences occurred between hybrids in disease
incidence, spread, symptom severity and fruit yield. Of the 20 hybrids evaluated, 11 were found resistant to ToLCVD in the
field, but only three (BLRH-3, BLRH-9 and BLRH-16) remained resistant when challenged with high virus inoculum pressure in
the glasshouse through whitefly-mediated inoculations. None of the six commercially available hybrids tested was found resistant
to ToLCVD. An examination of the extent of heterosis in resistant hybrids for both quantitative and qualitative characters
over the popularly grown hybrid, US-618, indicated a major improvement in virus resistance, yield and fruit quality. All the
twenty hybrids yielded significantly more than US-618, and of these, BLRH-3 and BLRH-16 were considered the best with yields
over ca. 60 t/ha and resistant to virus both in the glasshouse and field. 相似文献
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番茄黄化曲叶病(TYLCV)的研究进展 总被引：3，自引：1，他引：2
简述了番茄黄化曲叶病毒(tomato yellow leaf curl virus, TYLCV)的发病症状、病毒的鉴定和分类、发生与防治;总结了番茄黄化曲叶病主要发生在亚热带地区和热带地区,在中国的发展趋势是由南向北不断蔓延,其主要在番茄生产上造成严重的危害;依据番茄黄化曲叶病的发病条件、传播特点及国内外该病的研究现状;提出了以农业防治为基础,兼顾化学防治与生物防治的综合防治措施,并利用基因工程等分子生物学手段加快抗病育种的进程;分析表明加大抗病育种的力度,培育出稳定的抗病品种,能很好的控制和降低该病的危害。 相似文献
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O. Góamez M. Piñón Y. Martínez M. Quiñónes D. Fonseca H. Laterrot 《Plant Breeding》2004,123(3):275-279
Four tomato lines introgressed from Lycopersicon chilense were compared with the commercial F1 hybrids ‘ARO 8479’ and ‘HA 3108’, which are tolerant to Tomato yellow leaf curl virus, and the cv. ‘Campbell 28’ as a susceptible control. Resistance was evaluated by the use of grafted diseased scions as well as in a field trial where plants infected by viruliferous whiteflies and disease‐free plants were transplanted in paired rows. The new lines LD 3, LD 4, LD 5 and LD 6 showed no disease symptoms after grafting or in the field trial. Virus accumulation at 60 days after transplanting was low in the infected plants: 0.09, 0.60, 1.00 and 0.50 ng, respectively. No fruit‐set or yield losses were registered under the high temperature conditions prevalent in the trial, in which lines LD 5 and LD 6 were better adapted to tropical conditions. Viral DNA concentrations were over 1000 ng in the cvs.‘Campbell 28′,‘ARO 8479’ and ‘HA 3108’. The last two are considered tolerant as they were asymptomatic or had mild symptoms, respectively, but achieved acceptable yields in the trial. By contrast, virus had a negative effect on fruit‐set, number of fruit per plant and total yield in the cv.‘Campbell 28’. 相似文献
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Using controlled whitefly-mediated inoculation techniques, seven Lycopersicon chilense accessions, highly resistant to isolates of tomato yellow leaf curl virus(TYLCV) from Southern Europe, TYLCV-Sr, were selected. All exhibited similar levels of partial resistance, being symptomless and with low levels of viral DNA accumulation. However, a differential response to infection was found in interspecific hybrids with tomato and inbred lines derived from different L. chilense accessions, allowing a precise discrimination among them. This selection procedure which considers the expression of the resistance genes in the tomato genetic background led to the selection of two highly resistant F1 hybrids derived from L. chilense LA 1932 and LA 1938. A backcrossing programme was initiated, selecting for horticultural characteristics and TYLCV resistance, in field and controlled inoculation conditions. As a result of this programme, six advanced breeding lines (UPV Ty 1, 3, 6, 9, 17 and 53), exhibiting a high level of resistance to TYLCV-Sr, were obtained. Under high inoculum pressure conditions these lines suffered only 30-40% yield loss relative to non-infected control plants, and compared with 90-95% yield loss in susceptible controls. These lines also have horticultural characteristics appropriate for the fresh market tomato cultivation system in this area, and are a good base material for obtaining commercial hybrids highly resistant to different isolates of TYLCV. 相似文献